CN221177274U - Novel protection circuit for intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components - Google Patents
Novel protection circuit for intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a novel protection circuit for an intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components, and belongs to the technical field of intrinsically safe power supplies; the technical problems to be solved are as follows: an improvement of an intrinsic safety power supply protection circuit which can design large protection current and has good load adjustment capability is provided; the protection circuit comprises a delay switch unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a temperature control sampling unit, a switch driving unit and a reference unit; the delay switch unit is connected with a direct current input power supply, the delay switch unit is connected with a load through a current sampling unit, the voltage sampling unit is connected with the output end of the current sampling unit and feeds back to the switch driving unit, the output end of the reference unit is electrically connected with the switch driving unit, and the output end of the temperature control unit, the output end of the reference unit and the output end of the switch driving unit feed back to the delay switch unit; the utility model is applied to an intrinsic safety power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model provides a novel protection circuit for an intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components, and belongs to the technical field of intrinsically safe power supplies.
Background
The intrinsic safety power supply is applied to special environments containing explosive gas such as petroleum, chemical industry and coal mine, the types and the numbers of underground electrical equipment are obviously improved along with the continuous pushing of the coal mine in an intelligent and unmanned mode, and the intrinsic safety power supply is used as energy supply equipment of all electronic equipment and becomes a key component for influencing the explosion-proof performance of other electronic equipment.
Under the standard requirement of the mining direct-current stabilized power supply, the intrinsic safety power supply cannot ignite specified combustible gas under the specified requirements including any electric spark or thermal effect under normal operation and fault conditions, the existing intrinsic safety power supply protection circuit on the market mainly takes MOS as a switch type, a few of the intrinsic safety power supply protection circuits are designed into a constant current type, the switch type can be designed into a larger protection current, but the capacity of capacitive load is weaker, the constant current type has stronger load adjustment capacity, and the capacity of capacitive load is stronger, but the designed protection current is smaller.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model overcomes the defects existing in the prior art, and aims to solve the technical problems that: an improvement of an intrinsic safety power supply protection circuit capable of designing a large protection current and simultaneously having good load adjustment capability is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the protection circuit for the novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components comprises a protection circuit connected between a direct current input and a load, wherein the protection circuit comprises a delay switch unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a temperature control sampling unit, a switch driving unit and a reference unit; the time delay switch unit is connected with a direct current input power supply, the load is connected through the current sampling unit, the voltage sampling unit is connected with the output end of the current sampling unit and feeds back to the switch driving unit, the output end of the reference unit is electrically connected with the switch driving unit, and the output end of the temperature control unit, the output end of the reference unit and the output end of the switch driving unit feed back to the time delay switch unit.
The delay switch unit comprises a MOS tube Q1, diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4, and resistors R1, R7, R8 and R9; the control end of the temperature control unit is connected with one end of a resistor R7, and the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of a diode D1; the control end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with one end of a resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the anode of a diode D2; the control end of the current sampling unit is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R9 and the cathode of a diode D4, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the anode of a diode D3, one end of a resistor R1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D3, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the anode of the diode D4; the cathodes of the diode D1, the diode D2 and the diode D3 are connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 together, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the delay switch unit, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the input end of the delay switch unit;
The current sampling unit is provided with a precise operational amplifier as a fixed multiple differential amplifying circuit U1, capacitors C1 and C2 and a plurality of resistors; the 1 pin of the differential amplifying circuit U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of a resistor R4, the two ends of the resistor R3 are connected to the 2 pin of the differential amplifying circuit U1 in parallel, and a capacitor C1 is connected to the two ends of the resistor R3 in parallel; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with an input port of the current acquisition unit, and the 1 pin of the differential amplification circuit U1 is connected with the 3 pin of the switch driving unit U2A; the 3 pins of the differential amplifying circuit U1 are respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5 and one end of a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the input end of the current acquisition unit, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the 4 pin of the differential amplifying circuit U1 and is commonly grounded; the 8 pin of the differential amplification circuit U1 is grounded through a capacitor C2, and the common endpoint of the 8 pin of the differential amplification circuit U1 and the capacitor C2 is connected with a power supply;
The voltage sampling unit is internally provided with a voltage dividing resistor, the output end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded through a resistor R12, and a common connection point V1 of the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 is connected with a pin 5 of an amplifying circuit U2B of the switch driving unit;
Two differential circuits are arranged in the switch driving unit, wherein a 3 pin of the differential circuit U2A is connected with a1 pin of the differential amplifying circuit U1 of the current collecting unit, a2 pin is connected with a power supply VCC_REF2.0, the positive electrode of a capacitor C3 is connected with the power supply and an 8 pin of the differential circuit U2A, the negative electrode of the capacitor C3 is grounded, the 1 pin is connected with the control end of the current sampling unit, and the 4 pin is grounded; the 5 pin of the other differential circuit U2B is connected with a connection point V1 of the voltage sampling unit, and the 6 pin is connected with a power supply VCC_REF_2.0,7 pin and is connected with a voltage acquisition control end;
A chip U3, capacitors C5 and C4 are arranged in the reference unit, the pin 4 and the pin 3 of the chip U3 are connected with a power supply together, the positive electrode of the capacitor C5 is connected with the power supply, the negative electrode of the capacitor C5 is connected with the pin 2 of the chip U3 and the negative electrode of the capacitor C4 together with a ground wire, and the positive electrode of the C4 and the pin 5 of the chip U3 are connected with VCC_REF_2.0;
The temperature control unit comprises a chip U4, a triode Q2, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8 and a plurality of resistors, wherein a pin 1 of the chip U4 is respectively connected with the positive poles of the resistor R14, the resistor R13 and the capacitor C6, and a pin 2 is respectively connected with the negative poles of the resistor R14, the resistor R13 and the capacitor C6 and the ground wire; the base electrode of the triode Q2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R16 and the 3 pin of a chip U4, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected with a power supply, the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the control end of a temperature control unit and the power supply, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded; the 5 feet of the chip U4 are grounded through the capacitor C8, the 6 feet of the chip U4 are respectively connected with a power supply and the positive electrode of the capacitor C7, and the 4 feet of the chip U4, the negative electrode of the capacitor C8 and the negative electrode of the capacitor C7 are grounded together.
The chip U3 in the reference unit is preferably an LM4120A chip, and outputs a fixed 2.0V reference voltage.
The chip U4 in the temperature control unit is preferably TMP300 chip.
The diode Q2 in the temperature control unit is preferably HE8050.
The resistors R13 and R14 form a trigger temperature configuration circuit.
And a resistor R15, a resistor R16 and a diode Q2 in the temperature control unit form a driving delay switch, and when the PCB is arranged, the resistor R16 is close to an MOS tube of the delay switch unit, and the MOS tube heating pad copper is paved and guided to the abdomen of the chip U4.
The voltage sampling unit is preferably a resistor with an accuracy of 0.1%.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. When the dynamic load exceeds the rated load, the circuit firstly enters a constant-current working area to maintain normal operation of load equipment, when the protection circuit generates heat to achieve dynamic balance, power can be continuously supplied, and only when the circuit cannot maintain the thermal balance, the circuit enters a switch-type working area to cut off power supply and enter a protection state;
2. The novel protection circuit for the intrinsically safe power supply based on the discrete component can adjust a constant current working area of the circuit by adjusting a temperature control threshold value to protect a high-current circuit.
Drawings
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a circuit of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a delay switch unit of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current collection unit of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a voltage sampling unit according to the present utility model;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch driving unit according to the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a reference cell of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a temperature control unit according to the present utility model.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the utility model provides a protection circuit for a novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components, which comprises a protection circuit connected between a direct current input and a load, wherein the protection circuit comprises a delay switch unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a temperature control sampling unit, a switch driving unit and a reference unit; the delay switch unit receives a direct current input signal and is electrically connected with the switch driving unit through the current sampling unit, the current sampling unit is electrically connected with the switch driving unit through the voltage sampling unit, the output end of the reference unit is electrically connected with the switch driving unit, and the output end of the temperature control unit, the output end of the reference unit and the output end of the switch driving unit are fed back to the delay switch unit.
As shown in fig. 2, the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 can be used to adjust the turn-off delay time of the switch of the delay switch unit, the resistor R1 can adjust the turn-on delay time of the delay switch unit, the diode D1, the diode D2 and the diode D3 are used to place reverse current, the diode D4 is used to shorten the release time of the MOS gate, and further to accelerate the turn-on action of the switch.
As shown in fig. 3, the resistor R2 is a sampling resistor, a precise operational amplifier fixed multiple differential amplifying circuit is selected, the amplifying power is determined by a peripheral resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, and the acquisition times are designed to be 50 times of amplifying.
As shown in fig. 4, the resistor R10, the resistor R11, and the resistor R12 form a voltage dividing circuit, and divide the output voltage, and a resistor with an accuracy of 0.1% is selected to improve the acquisition accuracy.
As shown in FIG. 5, a precise two-way operational amplifier and an open-loop amplifying circuit are selected, and the acquired current value and voltage value are respectively compared with the output value of the reference unit.
As shown in fig. 6, the chip for the reference cell uses an LM4120A chip, outputting a fixed 2.0V reference voltage.
As shown in FIG. 7, a chip U4 for a temperature control unit adopts a TMP300 chip, the chip U4 is as close to a delay switch unit MOS tube Q1 as possible when arranged on a PCB, and a heating pad copper-laying of the MOS tube Q1 is led to the abdomen of the temperature control unit chip U4, so that the temperature sampling precision is improved, a resistor R13 and a resistor R14 are used for setting a temperature threshold value, a capacitor C7 and a capacitor C8 form a filter circuit, the anti-interference capability of the circuit can be improved, a resistor R15, a resistor R16 and a diode Q2 are used as switches for driving the delay switch, and the temperature control switch scheme has the advantages of programmable temperature control point, programmable hysteresis, high temperature acquisition precision and the like.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
When the direct current input voltage and the load current are in the normal range, the delay switch unit MOS tube Q1 works in the saturation region, only the internal resistance of the MOS tube Q1 exists along the line, and the output end outputs normally;
When the direct current input voltage exceeds the design value, the voltage value V1 obtained by the voltage sampling unit through the voltage dividing circuit is larger than the output value VCC_REF_2.0 of the reference unit, and the output value of the switch driving unit reaches the maximum at the moment and is the power supply voltage value +VCC_12V;
the further technical scheme is that vgs=0 of a MOS tube Q1 of a delay switch unit, the MOS tube Q1 cuts off power supply, a circuit enters a protection state, an output value of a voltage sampling unit after cut-off is 0 and is far lower than an output value of a reference unit, a switch driving unit outputs 0, at the moment, the MOS tube is started, and the power supply enters a hiccup working mode in such a cycle, and the output of the protection circuit is automatically recovered after the input voltage is recovered to a normal range;
The load current exceeds the designed protection current value, the voltage at two ends of the sampling resistor R2 is amplified by 50 times by differential amplification, the voltage value I1 is close to the output value VCC_REF_2.0 of the reference unit, and the output value of the switch driving unit is close to the maximum value +VCC_12V
The further technical scheme is that Vgs of a delay switch unit MOS tube Q1 is close to Vgs (th), the MOS tube Q1 works in a variable resistance area, internal resistance is increased, larger voltage drop is generated at two ends of the MOS tube Q1, electric energy is converted into heat energy, an output current value is unchanged at the moment, output voltage is reduced, input voltage at a load end is reduced, and normal operation of equipment can be guaranteed due to small-range fluctuation of supply voltage;
The further technical scheme is that a delay switch unit MOS tube Q1 continuously works in a variable resistance area and continuously heats, the heat dissipation of components reaches the heat balance, and a protection circuit enters a dynamic balance state;
When the load current continues to increase, the voltage drop of the MOS tube Q1 of the delay switch unit increases, the heating increase temperature increases, and when the design value of the temperature control unit is reached, the output end of the chip U4 of the temperature control unit outputs low level, the triode Q2 in the temperature control unit is cut off, the control end of the temperature control unit outputs +VCC_12V, the delay switch unit is driven to be closed, the power supply is cut off, the circuit enters a protection state, and the output is 0;
When the load circuit is abnormal and a power supply short circuit state occurs, the voltage theory at two ends of a resistor R2 in the current sampling unit is infinity, the output I1 of the current sampling unit reaches the maximum value +VCC_12V, the output of the switch driving unit reaches the maximum value +VCC_12V,
According to the further technical scheme, the MOS tube of the delay switch unit is Vgs=0, the MOS tube cuts off power supply, the circuit enters a protection state, the output value of the current acquisition circuit is 0 after the power supply is cut off, and is far lower than the output value of the reference unit, the switch driving unit outputs 0, at the moment, the MOS tube is started, the power supply enters a hiccup working mode in a circulating mode until the abnormality of the load circuit is eliminated, and the output of the protection circuit is automatically recovered.
The utility model has the advantages of both a switch type intrinsic safety power supply and a constant current type intrinsic safety power supply, can protect large current and has good load adjustment capability.
The specific structure of the utility model needs to be described that the connection relation between the component modules adopted by the utility model is definite and realizable, and besides the specific description in the embodiment, the specific connection relation can bring about corresponding technical effects, and on the premise of not depending on execution of corresponding software programs, the technical problems of the utility model are solved, the types of the components, the modules and the specific components, the connection modes of the components and the expected technical effects brought by the technical characteristics are clear, complete and realizable, and the conventional use method and the expected technical effects brought by the technical characteristics are all disclosed in patents, journal papers, technical manuals, technical dictionaries and textbooks which can be acquired by a person in the field before the application date, or the prior art such as conventional technology, common knowledge in the field, and the like, so that the provided technical scheme is clear, complete and the corresponding entity products can be reproduced or obtained according to the technical means.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. Novel protection circuit for intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete component, its characterized in that: including connecting the protection circuit between direct current input and load, its characterized in that: the protection circuit comprises a delay switch unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a temperature control sampling unit, a switch driving unit and a reference unit; the time delay switch unit is connected with a direct current input power supply, the load is connected through the current sampling unit, the voltage sampling unit is connected with the output end of the current sampling unit and feeds back to the switch driving unit, the output end of the reference unit is electrically connected with the switch driving unit, and the output end of the temperature control unit, the output end of the reference unit and the output end of the switch driving unit feed back to the time delay switch unit.
2. The protection circuit for a novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components of claim 1, wherein: the delay switch unit comprises a MOS tube Q1, diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4, and resistors R1, R7, R8 and R9; the control end of the temperature control unit is connected with one end of a resistor R7, and the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of a diode D1; the control end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with one end of a resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the anode of a diode D2; the control end of the current sampling unit is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R9 and the cathode of a diode D4, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the anode of a diode D3, one end of a resistor R1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D3, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the anode of the diode D4; the cathodes of the diode D1, the diode D2 and the diode D3 are connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 together, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the delay switch unit, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the input end of the delay switch unit;
The current sampling unit is provided with a precise operational amplifier as a fixed multiple differential amplifying circuit U1, capacitors C1 and C2 and a plurality of resistors; the 1 pin of the differential amplifying circuit U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of a resistor R4, the two ends of the resistor R3 are connected to the 2 pin of the differential amplifying circuit U1 in parallel, and a capacitor C1 is connected to the two ends of the resistor R3 in parallel; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with an input port of the current acquisition unit, and the 1 pin of the differential amplification circuit U1 is connected with the 3 pin of the switch driving unit U2A; the 3 pins of the differential amplifying circuit U1 are respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5 and one end of a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the input end of the current acquisition unit, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the 4 pin of the differential amplifying circuit U1 and is commonly grounded; the 8 pin of the differential amplification circuit U1 is grounded through a capacitor C2, and the common endpoint of the 8 pin of the differential amplification circuit U1 and the capacitor C2 is connected with a power supply;
The voltage sampling unit is internally provided with a voltage dividing resistor, the output end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded through a resistor R12, and a common connection point V1 of the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 is connected with a pin 5 of an amplifying circuit U2B of the switch driving unit;
Two differential circuits are arranged in the switch driving unit, wherein a 3 pin of the differential circuit U2A is connected with a1 pin of the differential amplifying circuit U1 of the current collecting unit, a2 pin is connected with a power supply VCC_REF2.0, the positive electrode of a capacitor C3 is connected with the power supply and an 8 pin of the differential circuit U2A, the negative electrode of the capacitor C3 is grounded, the 1 pin is connected with the control end of the current sampling unit, and the 4 pin is grounded; the 5 pin of the other differential circuit U2B is connected with a connection point V1 of the voltage sampling unit, and the 6 pin is connected with a power supply VCC_REF_2.0,7 pin and is connected with a voltage acquisition control end;
A chip U3, capacitors C5 and C4 are arranged in the reference unit, the pin 4 and the pin 3 of the chip U3 are connected with a power supply together, the positive electrode of the capacitor C5 is connected with the power supply, the negative electrode of the capacitor C5 is connected with the pin 2 of the chip U3 and the negative electrode of the capacitor C4 together with a ground wire, and the positive electrode of the C4 and the pin 5 of the chip U3 are connected with VCC_REF_2.0;
The temperature control unit comprises a chip U4, a triode Q2, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8 and a plurality of resistors, wherein a pin 1 of the chip U4 is respectively connected with the positive poles of the resistor R14, the resistor R13 and the capacitor C6, and a pin 2 is respectively connected with the negative poles of the resistor R14, the resistor R13 and the capacitor C6 and the ground wire; the base electrode of the triode Q2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R16 and the 3 pin of a chip U4, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected with a power supply, the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the control end of a temperature control unit and the power supply, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded; the 5 feet of the chip U4 are grounded through the capacitor C8, the 6 feet of the chip U4 are respectively connected with a power supply and the positive electrode of the capacitor C7, and the 4 feet of the chip U4, the negative electrode of the capacitor C8 and the negative electrode of the capacitor C7 are grounded together.
3. The protection circuit for a novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components of claim 2, wherein: the chip U3 in the reference unit is an LM4120A chip, and outputs a fixed 2.0V reference voltage.
4. The protection circuit for a novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components of claim 2, wherein: the chip U4 in the temperature control unit is a TMP300 chip.
5. The protection circuit for a novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components of claim 2, wherein: the diode Q2 in the temperature control unit is HE8050.
6. The protection circuit for a novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components of claim 2, wherein: the resistors R13 and R14 form a trigger temperature configuration circuit.
7. The protection circuit for a novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components of claim 2, wherein: and a resistor R15, a resistor R16 and a diode Q2 in the temperature control unit form a driving delay switch, and when the PCB is arranged, the resistor R16 is close to an MOS tube of the delay switch unit, and the MOS tube heating pad copper is paved and guided to the abdomen of the chip U4.
8. The protection circuit for a novel intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components of claim 2, wherein: the voltage sampling unit is a resistor with the precision of 0.1%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322769817.2U CN221177274U (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Novel protection circuit for intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322769817.2U CN221177274U (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Novel protection circuit for intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components |
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| CN221177274U true CN221177274U (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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| CN202322769817.2U Active CN221177274U (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Novel protection circuit for intrinsically safe power supply based on discrete components |
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