CN109888877B - Solar cell panel circuit - Google Patents

Solar cell panel circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109888877B
CN109888877B CN201910214230.0A CN201910214230A CN109888877B CN 109888877 B CN109888877 B CN 109888877B CN 201910214230 A CN201910214230 A CN 201910214230A CN 109888877 B CN109888877 B CN 109888877B
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resistor
pin
grounded
power supply
detection signal
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CN109888877A (en
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鞠振河
姜艳丽
贲冬冬
闫建国
徐春苹
李勇
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Qinhuangdao Youke Automation Control System Co ltd
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Qinhuangdao Dongkong Electronic Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

A solar panel circuit belongs to the technical field of power supply control, and particularly relates to a solar panel circuit. The invention provides a solar panel circuit convenient for charge and discharge control. The invention comprises a storage battery, a power supply part, a discharging feedback part, a charging feedback part, a discharging part, a charging part, a load and a solar panel, and is characterized in that a detection signal input port of the charging feedback part is connected with the storage battery, and a detection signal input port of the discharging feedback part is connected with the storage battery; the detection signal output port of the charging feedback part is connected with the detection signal input port of the charging part, and the detection signal output port of the discharging feedback part is connected with the detection signal input port of the discharging part; the electric energy output port of the power supply part is respectively connected with the power supply port of the charging part, the power supply port of the discharging part and the power supply port of the feedback part, and the electric energy input port of the power supply part is connected with the storage battery.

Description

Solar cell panel circuit
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power supply control, and particularly relates to a solar panel circuit.
Background
Solar panels are devices that directly or indirectly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy by absorbing sunlight, either through a photoelectric effect or a photochemical effect. The charge and discharge control of the existing solar panel circuit needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems and provides a solar panel circuit which is convenient to control charging and discharging.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the device comprises a storage battery, a power supply part, a discharging feedback part, a charging feedback part, a discharging part, a charging part, a load and a solar panel, and is characterized in that a detection signal input port of the charging feedback part is connected with the storage battery, and a detection signal input port of the discharging feedback part is connected with the storage battery; the detection signal output port of the charging feedback part is connected with the detection signal input port of the charging part, and the detection signal output port of the discharging feedback part is connected with the detection signal input port of the discharging part;
the power output port of the power supply part is respectively connected with the power port of the charging part, the power port of the discharging part and the power port of the feedback part, and the power input port of the power supply part is connected with the storage battery;
the discharge control port of the discharge part is connected with a load;
and a charging control port of the charging part is respectively connected with the solar panel and the storage battery.
As a preferable scheme, the power supply part comprises a 78M09 chip U1, wherein the pin 1 of the U1 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C3, the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, the BAT+ end and the cathode of a diode D5, and the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the SUN+ end; the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C3, the 2 pin of the U1, the ground wire, one end of the capacitor C4 and the negative electrode of the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C4 is respectively connected with the 3 pin of the U1 and the positive electrode of the capacitor C2, and the 3 pin of the U1 is an electric energy output port of the power supply part.
As another preferable scheme, the diode D5 adopts a 1N5399 type diode, the capacitor C1 adopts 220 mu F capacitance, the capacitor C3 adopts 104 capacitance, the capacitor C4 adopts 104 capacitance, and the capacitor C2 adopts 220 mu F capacitance.
As another preferable scheme, the charging feedback part comprises an LM339 chip U5B and an NPN triode Q4, wherein the 11 pin of the U5B is respectively connected with the adjusting end of a rheostat RV2, one end of the rheostat RV2, the emitter of the NPN triode Q4 and one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the rheostat RV2 is grounded;
the 10 feet of the U5B are connected with the BAT+ end, the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q4, the 3 feet of the U5B, one end of the resistor R12 and the +9V end, the base electrode of the NPN triode Q4 is respectively connected with the 2 feet of the U5B and the other end of the resistor R12, the 2 feet of the U5B are the detection signal output ports of the charging feedback part, and the 12 feet of the U5B are grounded.
As another preferable scheme, the rheostat RV2 adopts a 50K rheostat, the resistor R11 adopts a 10K resistor, the NPN triode Q4 adopts a 9013 triode, and the resistor R12 adopts a 6.8K resistor.
As another preferable mode, the resistance value of the varistor RV2 of the present invention is set to 20K or more.
As another preferable scheme, the discharging feedback part comprises an LM339 chip U5A and an NPN triode Q1, wherein the 5 pin of U5A is respectively connected with the adjusting end of a rheostat RV1, one end of the rheostat RV1, the emitter of the NPN triode Q1 and one end of a resistor R1, and the other end of the rheostat RV1 is grounded;
the 4 feet of the U5A are connected with the BAT+ end, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q1, the 3 feet of the U5A, one end of the resistor R2 and the +9V end, the base electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is respectively connected with the 1 feet of the U5A and the other end of the resistor R2, the 1 feet of the U5A are the detection signal output ports of the discharge feedback part, and the 12 feet of the U5A are grounded.
As another preferable scheme, the rheostat RV1 adopts a 50K rheostat, the resistor R1 adopts a 10K resistor, the NPN triode Q1 adopts a 9013 triode, and the resistor R2 adopts a 6.8K resistor.
As another preferable embodiment, the resistance value of the varistor RV1 of the present invention is set to 10K.
As another preferable scheme, the discharging part comprises an NE555 chip U2, the pin 2 of the U2 is a detection signal input port of the discharging part, the pin 3 of the U2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode D1, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D1 is grounded;
the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the base electrode of the NPN triode Q1, the emitter electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is grounded, the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R6 and the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q2 is connected with the negative electrode of the load, and the positive electrode of the load is respectively connected with the 4 pin of the U2, the 8 pin of the U2, the 6 pin of the U2, the other end of the resistor R6 and the electric energy output port of the power supply part; the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q2 is grounded, the 1 pin of the U2 is grounded, and the 5 pin of the U2 is grounded through a capacitor C5.
As another preferable scheme, the resistor R5 and the resistor R4 adopt 10K resistors, the capacitor C5 adopts 103 capacitors, the triode Q1 adopts a 9013 triode, the resistor R6 adopts 10K resistors, and the NMOS tube Q2 adopts 50N60 tubes.
As another preferable scheme, the charging part of the invention comprises a NE555 chip U3, wherein pin 2 of the U3 is a detection signal input port of the charging part, pin 3 of the U3 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode D2 through a resistor R7, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D2 is grounded;
the 1 pin of the U3 is grounded, the 5 pin of the U3 is connected with the control end of the rheostat RV3, one end of the rheostat RV3 is grounded, and the other end of the rheostat RV3 is connected with the electric energy output port of the power supply part through the resistor R3; the pins 4, 6 and 8 of the U3 are connected with the electric energy output ports of the power supply part;
the pin 7 of the U3 is respectively connected with the pin 2 of the TLP521 chip U4 and the cathode of the light-emitting diode D3, and the anode of the light-emitting diode D3 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R8 and the electric energy output port of the power supply part through a resistor R9, and the pin 1 of the U4 at the other end of the resistor R8; the 3 pin of the U4 is grounded, the 4 pin of the U4 is respectively connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4, one end of the resistor R10 and the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q3, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with the electric energy output port of the power supply part, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is grounded, the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q3 is grounded, and the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q3 is connected with the SUN-end.
In the invention, the resistors R3, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are 10K resistors, the rheostat RV3 is a 10K rheostat, and the NMOS tube Q3 is a 50N60 tube.
In addition, the varistor RV3 of the present invention is adjusted to 5K.
The invention has the beneficial effects that.
According to the invention, the voltage states of the storage battery and the solar panel can be detected through the discharging feedback part and the charging feedback part, so that the control of charging and discharging is facilitated.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 and 4 are partial enlarged views of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the present invention includes a storage battery, a power supply portion, a discharge feedback portion, a charge feedback portion, a discharge portion, a charge portion, a load, and a solar cell panel;
the detection signal input port of the charging feedback part is connected with the storage battery, and the detection signal input port of the discharging feedback part is connected with the storage battery; the detection signal output port of the charging feedback part is connected with the detection signal input port of the charging part, and the detection signal output port of the discharging feedback part is connected with the detection signal input port of the discharging part;
the power output port of the power supply part is respectively connected with the power port of the charging part, the power port of the discharging part and the power port of the feedback part, and the power input port of the power supply part is connected with the storage battery;
the discharge control port of the discharge part is connected with a load;
and a charging control port of the charging part is respectively connected with the solar panel and the storage battery.
The power supply part comprises a 78M09 chip U1, wherein a pin 1 of the U1 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C3, the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, the BAT+ end and the cathode of a diode D5, and the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the SUN+ end; the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C3, the 2 pin of the U1, the ground wire, one end of the capacitor C4 and the negative electrode of the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C4 is respectively connected with the 3 pin of the U1 and the positive electrode of the capacitor C2, and the 3 pin of the U1 is an electric energy output port of the power supply part.
The diode D5 adopts a 1N5399 type diode, the capacitor C1 adopts a 220 mu F capacitor, the capacitor C3 adopts a 104 capacitor, the capacitor C4 adopts a 104 capacitor, and the capacitor C2 adopts a 220 mu F capacitor.
The charging feedback part comprises an LM339 chip U5B and an NPN triode Q4, wherein the 11 pin of the U5B is respectively connected with the adjusting end of the rheostat RV2, one end of the rheostat RV2, the emitter of the NPN triode Q4 and one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the rheostat RV2 is grounded;
the 10 feet of the U5B are connected with the BAT+ end, the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q4, the 3 feet of the U5B, one end of the resistor R12 and the +9V end, the base electrode of the NPN triode Q4 is respectively connected with the 2 feet of the U5B and the other end of the resistor R12, the 2 feet of the U5B are the detection signal output ports of the charging feedback part, and the 12 feet of the U5B are grounded.
The offset voltage of the LM339 chip is small, and the power supply voltage range is wide.
The rheostat RV2 adopts a 50K rheostat, the resistor R11 adopts a 10K resistor, the NPN triode Q4 adopts a 9013 triode, and the resistor R12 adopts a 6.8K resistor.
The resistance of the varistor RV2 is set to 20K or more.
The discharging feedback part comprises an LM339 chip U5A and an NPN triode Q1, wherein the pin 5 of the U5A is respectively connected with the adjusting end of the rheostat RV1, one end of the rheostat RV1, the emitter of the NPN triode Q1 and one end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the rheostat RV1 is grounded;
the 4 feet of the U5A are connected with the BAT+ end, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q1, the 3 feet of the U5A, one end of the resistor R2 and the +9V end, the base electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is respectively connected with the 1 feet of the U5A and the other end of the resistor R2, the 1 feet of the U5A are the detection signal output ports of the discharge feedback part, and the 12 feet of the U5A are grounded.
The rheostat RV1 adopts a 50K rheostat, the resistor R1 adopts a 10K resistor, the NPN triode Q1 adopts a 9013 triode, and the resistor R2 adopts a 6.8K resistor.
The resistance value of the varistor RV1 is set to 10K.
The discharging part comprises an NE555 chip U2, a pin 2 of the U2 is a detection signal input port of the discharging part, a pin 3 of the U2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode D1, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D1 is grounded;
the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the base electrode of the NPN triode Q1, the emitter electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is grounded, the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R6 and the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q2 is connected with the negative electrode of the load, and the positive electrode of the load is respectively connected with the 4 pin of the U2, the 8 pin of the U2, the 6 pin of the U2, the other end of the resistor R6 and the electric energy output port of the power supply part; the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q2 is grounded, the 1 pin of the U2 is grounded, and the 5 pin of the U2 is grounded through a capacitor C5.
The resistor R5 and the resistor R4 adopt 10K resistors, the capacitor C5 adopts 103 capacitors, the triode Q1 adopts a 9013 triode, the resistor R6 adopts 10K resistors, and the NMOS tube Q2 adopts 50N60 tubes.
The capacitor C5 adopts 103 capacitors, and ensures that the trigger voltage is based on VCC.
The charging part comprises an NE555 chip U3, a pin 2 of the U3 is a detection signal input port of the charging part, a pin 3 of the U3 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode D2 through a resistor R7, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D2 is grounded;
the 1 pin of the U3 is grounded, the 5 pin of the U3 is connected with the control end of the rheostat RV3, one end of the rheostat RV3 is grounded, and the other end of the rheostat RV3 is connected with the electric energy output port of the power supply part through the resistor R3; the pins 4, 6 and 8 of the U3 are connected with the electric energy output ports of the power supply part;
the pin 7 of the U3 is respectively connected with the pin 2 of the TLP521 chip U4 and the cathode of the light-emitting diode D3, and the anode of the light-emitting diode D3 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R8 and the electric energy output port of the power supply part through a resistor R9, and the pin 1 of the U4 at the other end of the resistor R8; the 3 pin of the U4 is grounded, the 4 pin of the U4 is respectively connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4, one end of the resistor R10 and the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q3, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with the electric energy output port of the power supply part, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is grounded, the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q3 is grounded, and the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q3 is connected with the SUN-end.
The output frequency is adjusted by adjusting the slide rheostat RV 3.
The resistors R3, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are 10K resistors, the rheostat RV3 is a 10K rheostat, and the NMOS tube Q3 is a 50N60 tube.
The battery cathode BAT-is grounded, BAT+ is the battery anode, SUN+ is the solar panel anode, and SUN-is the solar panel cathode.
The varistor RV3 is adjusted to 5K.
The operation of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The switching tube Q3 is connected and disconnected, so that the solar panel can charge the storage battery. In order to isolate the positive electrode of the solar panel from the positive electrode of the storage battery, a high-current rectifying diode 1N5339 (D5) is used, when the voltage of the solar panel is larger than that of the storage battery, the D5 is conducted in the forward direction to start charging, and when the voltage of the solar panel is smaller than that of the storage battery, namely after blackness, the current of the storage battery cannot recoil the solar panel.
A charging section: U5B and the peripheral period constitute a voltage detection circuit portion. When the battery voltage is greater than the solar panel voltage, the output of LM339 is open, the voltage sense circuit is not operating and the emitter follower Q4, which is a positive feedback, is on. When the voltage of the solar cell panel is greater than the voltage of the storage battery, the comparator turns over, the output is 0V, Q4 is cut off, the output voltage of U5B is completely determined by the partial pressure value of R11 and RV2, the resistance value of RV2 is set to be more than 20K at the moment, the 5-pin input voltage of U5B is less than 6V (at the moment, about 4.5V, vu5b=9R11/R11+RV2), the turned-over state is extremely stable, and the phenomenon of instability caused by small fluctuation of the voltage of the storage battery near an overvoltage point is avoided, so that the starting U3 is stabilized to start working.
The 3-pin output voltage of the chip U3 is enabled to illuminate the indication LED (D2), RV3 is adjusted to 5K, reliable battery charging pulse frequency is provided, at the moment, the 5-pin input voltage of the U3 is 1.5V, and the 7-pin output frequency and the duty ratio are adjusted. The output end of the 7-pin is connected with the 2-pin of the photoelectric coupler U4 (TLP 521), the 1-pin of U4 is always 9V, the voltage of the 2-pin of U4 has a certain frequency change, photoelectric separation is achieved, the action of the NMOS tube Q3 (50N 60) is controlled, and the negative electrode of the storage battery is connected or disconnected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel through the opening and closing of the Q3, so that the pulse charging function is achieved.
Through the limitation of each element parameter, certain return difference (hysteresis) is manufactured, after the voltage of the storage battery is more than 28.8V, the comparator turns over again, the output is high, Q4 is conducted, the output voltage of U5B is 3V-6V, at the moment, U3 is not triggered, and then the photoelectric coupler U4 is not conducted, and the charging is stopped, so that the effect of protecting the storage battery is achieved.
A discharge portion: the voltage detection part consists of U5A and peripheral circuits, the detection principle is the same as that of the charging part, the difference between the detection principle and the detection principle is that the set resistance values of RV1 and RV2 are different, when the voltage of the storage battery, namely the voltage of the solar panel, is smaller than 18.8V, the storage battery is in an overdischarge state, the resistance value of RV1 is set at 10K, the 5-pin input voltage of U5A is larger than 6V and smaller than 9V (Vu5a=9R1/R1+R1), the output voltage of U5A is 0V, and the operation of U2 is not triggered, so that the discharge is avoided.
When the voltage of the storage battery is greater than 18.8V, the output voltage of the U5A is 3V-6V, the U2 is triggered to start working, the 3-pin output voltage is enabled, the indicating LED (D1) is lightened, meanwhile, the triode Q1 (C9013) is conducted, the G pole of the NMOS tube Q2 (50N 60) is further provided with a forward voltage, the tube C, E is enabled to conduct in two stages, and the discharging part works to supply power to a load.
It should be understood that the foregoing detailed description of the present invention is provided for illustration only and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention may be modified or substituted for the same technical effects; as long as the use requirement is met, the invention is within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. The solar panel circuit comprises a storage battery, a power supply part, a discharge feedback part, a charge feedback part, a discharge part, a charge part, a load and a solar panel, and is characterized in that a detection signal input port of the charge feedback part is connected with the storage battery, and a detection signal input port of the discharge feedback part is connected with the storage battery; the detection signal output port of the charging feedback part is connected with the detection signal input port of the charging part, and the detection signal output port of the discharging feedback part is connected with the detection signal input port of the discharging part;
the power output port of the power supply part is respectively connected with the power port of the charging part, the power port of the discharging part and the power port of the feedback part, and the power input port of the power supply part is connected with the storage battery;
the discharge control port of the discharge part is connected with a load;
the charging control port of the charging part is respectively connected with the solar panel and the storage battery;
the discharging part comprises an NE555 chip U2, a pin 2 of the U2 is a detection signal input port of the discharging part, a pin 3 of the U2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode D1, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D1 is grounded;
the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the base electrode of the NPN triode Q1, the emitter electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is grounded, the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R6 and the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q2 is connected with the negative electrode of the load, and the positive electrode of the load is respectively connected with the 4 pin of the U2, the 8 pin of the U2, the 6 pin of the U2, the other end of the resistor R6 and the electric energy output port of the power supply part; the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q2 is grounded, the 1 pin of the U2 is grounded, and the 5 pin of the U2 is grounded through a capacitor C5;
the charging part comprises an NE555 chip U3, a pin 2 of the U3 is a detection signal input port of the charging part, a pin 3 of the U3 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode D2 through a resistor R7, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D2 is grounded;
the 1 pin of the U3 is grounded, the 5 pin of the U3 is connected with the control end of the rheostat RV3, one end of the rheostat RV3 is grounded, and the other end of the rheostat RV3 is connected with the electric energy output port of the power supply part through the resistor R3; the pins 4, 6 and 8 of the U3 are connected with the electric energy output ports of the power supply part;
the pin 7 of the U3 is respectively connected with the pin 2 of the TLP521 chip U4 and the cathode of the light-emitting diode D3, the anode of the light-emitting diode D3 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R8 and the electric energy output port of the power supply part through a resistor R9, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the pin 1 of the U4; the 3 pin of the U4 is grounded, the 4 pin of the U4 is respectively connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4, one end of the resistor R10 and the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q3, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with the electric energy output port of the power supply part, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is grounded, the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q3 is grounded, and the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q3 is connected with the SUN-end;
the resistor R5 and the resistor R4 adopt 10K resistors, the capacitor C5 adopts 103 capacitors, the triode Q1 adopts a 9013 triode, the resistor R6 adopts 10K resistors, and the NMOS tube Q2 adopts 50N60 tubes.
2. The solar panel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the resistors R3, R7, R8, R9, R10 are 10K resistors, the varistor RV3 is a 10K varistor, and the NMOS Q3 is a 50N60 resistor.
3. A solar panel circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the varistor RV3 is adjusted to 5K.
CN201910214230.0A 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Solar cell panel circuit Active CN109888877B (en)

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CN111049249B (en) * 2019-12-16 2021-05-14 南京雷石电子科技有限公司 Solar energy charge and discharge control system

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