CN102529807A - Automobile anti-collision alarm system based on pulse laser ranging - Google Patents
Automobile anti-collision alarm system based on pulse laser ranging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automobile anti-collision alarm system based on pulse laser ranging, which belongs to the technical field of electronics, which is provided with a control circuit, a laser transmitting circuit, a laser receiving amplifier circuit and relevant circuits. A single chip microcomputer STC12C5A60S2 is the core of the control circuit, after laser pulse signals are in spectral processing by a spectroscope with the support of corresponding programs, one channel of the laser pulse signals is reflected by a reflector to be directly received by a PIN receiving circuit, another channel of the pulse laser signals is reflected by an automobile ahead, and then is received by the APD (avalanche photo diode) laser receiving circuit, after receiving time of each of the channels of the laser pulse signals is accurately corrected by a discriminator circuit, the channels of the laser pulse signals are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer master control circuit to be processed, the distance from an automobile with the automobile anti-collision alarm system and the automobile ahead is monitored in real time, and the system can give a sound and light alarm when the automobile is in danger, simultaneously reminds a driver of controlling automobile speed in a voice manner and keeping the distance from the automobile to the automobile ahead. In addition, when necessary, the system outputs brake signals to control the automobile to brake. Besides, the automobile anti-collision alarm system is large in measurement range, high in directivity, interference resistance, precision and practicality, fast in response time and simple in structure, and has high economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile collision preventing warning, be applicable to be installed on the various automobiles, belong to electronic technology field based on pulsed laser ranging.
Background technology
At present the means of automobile collision preventing also mainly concentrate on the vehicle frame that can absorb Impact energy as much as possible and car body, more reasonable stressed safety air bag and safety strap etc.These passive protection means can be protected occupant's safety when having an accident, thereby reduce the death toll of traffic accident.Yet what finally will solve is the way that can save more life, more the wounded and save more money, and first-selection is an equipment automobile collision preventing warning.The automobile collision preventing warning mainly can be realized by following several kinds of technology: 1) super sonic; Owing to square being directly proportional of ultrasonic energy and distance decayed; So distance is far away more, the super sonic of reflected back is few more, and sensitivity descends; Its ranging coverage can only reach several meters to tens meters, generally is used as Reverse Sensor.2) infrared ray, passive infrared line sensor are based on that near object is launched the survey sensor heat energy realizes finding range.This sensor can not be confirmed the distance of object very exactly, and it is mainly used in warning, as surveying pedestrian on the track etc.3) video imaging is because it is expensive, so also limited its use.4) microwave, microwave receive the external electromagnetic wave excitation easily.More than several kinds of technology corresponding limitation is all arranged.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging; Several kinds of various deficiencies and the limitation that the collision-proof alarm technology exists that overcome above-mentioned passive protection means and can adopt; Make navigating mate can monitor the distance of this car and front truck in real time through the present invention; And when the distance of two cars is sent alarm sound when the near or relative speed of a motor vehicle is higher excessively, the voice reminder car owner is slowed down simultaneously; Thereby help reducing the bump accident of vehicle, actv. protection personal security and minimizing property damage.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme; A kind of automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging; It is characterized in that described system comprises that with micro controller system STC12C5A60S2 be the control core circuit, laser transmission circuit, APD laser pick-off amplifying circuit, PIN laser pick-off amplifying circuit and the high-pressure generating circuit that bias voltage is provided for laser transmission circuit and APD laser pick-off amplifying circuit; Moment discriminator circuit; The time interval measurement module, the spacing display circuit also is provided with sound light alarming circuit, power circuit and beam splitter, light deflector; The Laser emission that the I/O mouth of micro controller system governor circuit connects laser transmission circuit starts end; Laser pulse signal is after the beam splitter beam split; One the tunnel is reflective directly by the reception of PIN laser pick-off amplifying circuit through light deflector, and another road pulse laser is reflected by front vehicles, is received by APD laser pick-off amplifying circuit then; After discriminator circuit is accurately proofreaied and correct its time of reception constantly, give the time interval measurement resume module again; The time signal output termination of laser pick-off amplifying circuit is the input end of discriminator circuit constantly, the input end of the output termination time interval measurement module of moment discriminator circuit, and the time interval measurement module links to each other with the micro controller system governor circuit; The mouth of high-pressure generating circuit connects the high voltage input terminal of laser transmission circuit and APD laser pick-off amplifying circuit respectively; Hall element carries out speed data collection, sends the GES of gathering out to the micro controller system governor circuit, and spacing signal output to the spacing display circuit of micro controller system governor circuit, alarm signal output ends connect sound light alarming circuit.
The present invention is control core circuit and laser transmission circuit, laser pick-off amplifying circuit and interlock circuit through being provided with micro controller system STC12C5A60S2; Under the support of corresponding program, the I/O of micro controller system governor circuit control laser transmission circuit emission pulse laser, laser pulse signal is after the beam splitter beam split; One the tunnel is reflective through light deflector; Directly received by the PIN acceptor circuit, another road pulse laser is reflected by front vehicles, is received by APD laser pick-off circuit then; The two-way pulse laser is all given the micro controller system governor circuit respectively and is handled after discriminator circuit is accurately proofreaied and correct its time of reception constantly; The time measurement module calculates the time gap between pulse laser emission and the echoed signal arrival, calculates the distance between front vehicles and the apomecometer by the micro controller system governor circuit, transfers to the spacing display circuit and shows.When spacing is lower than certain value; The micro controller system governor circuit reads the speed of a motor vehicle from the speed data collection module; If the speed of a motor vehicle and the relative speed of a motor vehicle so just judge it is the situation of hazardous simultaneously greater than a threshold value, micro controller system meeting output alarm signal; The guide sound optical alarm circuit is reported to the police, and exports the brake system of a speed-slackening signal with Control of Automobile simultaneously.The present invention can monitor the distance of this car and front truck in real time; And can be when danger, system sends sound and light alarm, and the chaufeur of voice suggestion is simultaneously noted the distance of the speed of a motor vehicle, maintenance and front truck; Where necessary; The braking of system outlet speed-slackening signal Control of Automobile, thus the incidence of traffic accident, the property damage that avoids traffic accident and personal casualty can be reduced to a certain extent, rather than property damage in the simple reduction traffic accident and personnel's injures and deaths.Range of the present invention is big, high directivity, response time is fast, disturbance rejection is strong and precision is higher, simple in structure, practical, has remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an entire block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for being control core circuit, time interval measurement module, alarm module circuit with micro controller system STC12C5A60S2 among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the laser transmission circuit among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the laser pick-off amplifying circuit among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the high-pressure generating circuit among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the moment discriminator circuit among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment; As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes with micro controller system STC12C5A60S2 is the control core circuit, laser transmission circuit, laser pick-off amplifying circuit and for transmitting and receiving the high-pressure generating circuit that circuit provides bias voltage; Moment discriminator circuit; The time interval measurement module, the spacing display circuit also is provided with sound light alarming circuit and power circuit.The Laser emission that the I/O mouth of micro controller system governor circuit connects laser transmission circuit starts end; The time signal output termination of laser pick-off circuit is the input end of discriminator circuit constantly; The input end of the output termination time interval measurement module of moment discriminator circuit; Linking to each other of time interval measurement module with the micro controller system governor circuit; The mouth of high-pressure generating circuit connects the high voltage input terminal of laser transmission circuit and laser pick-off circuit respectively; Speed data collection sends the relative GES of gathering out to the micro controller system governor circuit relatively, and spacing signal output to the spacing display circuit of micro controller system governor circuit, alarm signal output ends connect sound light alarming circuit, and the micro controller system governor circuit is also exported a speed-slackening signal.
As shown in Figure 2; Micro controller system STC12C5A60S2 is that the I/O of the governor circuit of core gives Laser emission actuation signal of laser transmission circuit, and the control laser transmission circuit sends pulse laser, is reflected by front vehicles; The time gap that the time interval measurement module is calculated between pulse laser emission and the echoed signal arrival is passed to the micro controller system governor circuit then; The micro controller system governor circuit calculates the distance between front vehicles and the present invention, transfers to the spacing display circuit then and shows, and judges simultaneously whether spacing is lower than the threshold value of prior regulation; If be lower than; The micro controller system governor circuit is just through the Hall element collection speed of a motor vehicle, if the speed of a motor vehicle and the relative speed of a motor vehicle (speed of a motor vehicle is partly calculated by the ranging system in the native system relatively) are the situation of hazardous with regard to judgement simultaneously greater than preset threshold so; Report to the police with regard to the guide sound optical alarm circuit, export a speed-slackening signal control brake system simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, micro controller system STC12C5A60S2 is that governor circuit, time interval measurement chip TDC_GP2, speech chip ISD1730, resistance R 38, R39, R40, R41, R42, R43, R44, R46, R47, R48, R49, R51, R52, R53, R54, variable resistance R45, concussion resistance R 50, ceramic disc capacitor C23, C24, C25, C26, C30, C31, C32, C34, C35, C36, C45, filter capacitor C33, shunt capacitance C37, C38, C39, C40, C41, C42, C43, C44, crystal oscillator Y1, Y2, Y3, button switch S1 ~ S8, buzzer phone U5, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) (LCD) SMC1602A, light-emitting diode D4, D5, microphone MK1, loudspeaker LS1, the LS2 of core forms.In order to accurately measure the time difference between transmitter pulse and the received pulse; The present invention selects for use the time figure transformation approach as the native system high precision time interval measurement, and the new generation product TDC-GP2 that has chosen TDC series is that system provides high precision time interval measurement.TDC carries out high precision time interval measurement with the propagation delay time of signal through the interior door circuit; The measurement of TDC is begun by the Start signal triggering; Receive the Stop signal and stop, it can calculate the time gap between Start signal and the Stop signal accurately.As shown in Figure 2: the oscillating circuit that ceramic disc capacitor C23, C24, resistance R 38, R39, crystal oscillator Y1 form is received between No. 1 pin and No. 2 pin of TDC-_GP2, and the oscillating circuit that ceramic disc capacitor C25, C26, resistance R 40, R41, crystal oscillator Y2 form is received between No. 15 pin and No. 16 pin of TDC-_GP2.32,26, No. 25 pin of TDC_GP2 are connected to P0.2, P0.1, the P0.0 mouth of micro controller system respectively; No. 13 pin RSTN are connected to the P1.3 mouth of STC micro controller system; 9,10,11, No. 12 pin are connected respectively to P1.4, P1.7, P1.5, the P1.6 mouth of micro controller system; 3,15,22, No. 29 pin power connection Vcc, 4,21, No. 28 pin ground connection.No. 3 pin of STC micro controller system meet buzzer phone U5 to ground, and No. 34 pin connecting resistance R54, light-emitting diode D5 arrive ground, and the button reset circuit that switch S 1, resistance R 42, R43, ceramic disc capacitor C30 form is received No. 9 pin (reset terminal) of STC micro controller system.The oscillating circuit that ceramic disc capacitor C31, C32, crystal oscillator Y3 form connects 18, No. 19 pin of STC micro controller system, and No. 31 pin connecting resistance R44 of STC micro controller system are to power Vcc, No. 20 pin ground connection, No. 40 pin power connection Vcc.No. 1 pin (power supply ground) ground connection of LCD, No. 2 pin (positive source) power connection Vcc, No. 3 pin (liquid crystal display bias voltage signal) meet slide rheostat R45 to ground; No. 4 pin (data/command selection end) connect micro controller system P1.0 mouth; No. 5 pin (read/write selecting side) ground connection, No. 6 pin (Enable Pin) connect micro controller system P1.1 mouth, and the 7-14 pin connects the P2.7-P2.0 mouth of micro controller system; No. 15 pin (backlight is anodal) connecting resistance R46 is to ground, No. 16 pin (LED-OV) ground connection.3,19,22,23,24,25, No. 26 pin of ISD1730 connect switch respectively to ground, and the while, No. 23 pin connect No. 36 pin (P0.3 mouth) of STC micro controller system.Power Vcc connect filter circuit that R47, C33 form again connecting resistance R48 to an end of microphone; Connect No. 10 pin (MIC+) of capacitor C 34 to ISD1730 simultaneously; The other end connecting resistance R49 of microphone connects No. 11 pin (MIC-) of capacitor C 35 to ISD1730 simultaneously to ground.No. 20 pin connecting resistance R50 of ISD1730 are to ground, with the sampling frequency that decides chip.Its No. 18 pin (automatic gain control) meet chemical capacitor R36 to ground.No. 2 pin connecting resistance R51 of ISD1730 are to the negative electrode of light-emitting diode D4, the anode power connection Vcc of light-emitting diode D4.1,21, No. 14 pin of ISD1730 is through decoupling capacitor C37 ~ C44 power connection Vcc, 28,8,16, No. 12 pin ground connection, and 13, No. 15 pin meets loudspeaker LS1.No. 17 pin connecting resistance R52 are to ground.No. 27 pin connecting resistance R53 to ground, connect capacitor C 45 to ground, connect the base stage of aerotron Q8 simultaneously, the grounded emitter of aerotron Q8, the collecting electrode of aerotron Q8 connects the end of loudspeaker LS2, the other end power connection Vcc of loudspeaker LS2.
STC12C5A60S2 is the core of native system, is controlling the running of total system.Its 5 ~ No. 8 pin (SPI mouth) communicate with time interval measurement chip TDC_GP2; From readout time wherein at interval; Thereby calculate the distance between two cars; Then 1,2,21 ~ No. 28 foot control system LCD by micro controller system shows; If be lower than safety distance (oneself set), No. 3 pin can be controlled buzzer warning, No. 34 human hair combing wastes and go out the pulse train control light-emitting diode D5 luminous warning of glimmering, and No. 36 pin (P0.3 mouth) can be play the alarm voice that has recorded by a low level control of output speech chip ISD1730 simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 3, laser transmission circuit is made up of resistance R 1, R2, R3, pulse current current-limiting resistance R4, charging current limiter resistance R 5, ceramic disc capacitor C1, reservoir capacitance C2, NPN type aerotron Q1, NPN type aerotron Q2, clamping diode D1, semiconductor laser LD.
The left end of R1 is connected to the P0.4 mouth of STC micro controller system, and the base stage of aerotron Q1 is received in P0.4 mouth process resistance R 1, capacitor C 1 resistance capacity coupling, and the base stage of aerotron Q1 connects the collecting electrode of aerotron Q2; Also through resistance R 2 ground connection; The grounded emitter of aerotron Q1, the base stage of the collector connecting transistor Q2 of aerotron Q1, connecting resistance R3 between the emitter of aerotron Q2 and the base stage; Simultaneously emitter meet reservoir capacitance C2 and clamping diode D1, current-limiting resistance R4, semiconductor laser LD three circuit parallel to ground; D1 is a negative ground, and LD is plus earth, and the emitter of aerotron Q2 connects the HIGHV end (160V) of charging current limiter resistance R 5 to high-pressure generating circuit.
When the P0.4 of STC micro controller system mouth was low level, aerotron Ql, Q2 ended, and high pressure charges to capacitor C 2 through the circuit parallel of current-limiting resistance R5, reservoir capacitance C2 and diode D1 and resistance R 4, makes the C2 two ends be charged to the voltage about 160V.When the P0.4 of STC micro controller system mouth is high level; Aerotron Ql, Q2 conducting; Capacitor C 2 is through aerotron Ql, Q2, resistance R 2, R4, laser LD discharge; At this moment, laser LD is approximately the current impulse about 20A through a peak current at short notice, makes it correspondingly send the light pulse that peak power is approximately 20W.D1, R4 circuit parallel are used to suppress the reverse impulse of laser, play the protection laser.
As shown in Figure 4, the laser pick-off amplifying circuit is made up of filter resistance R18, R19, emitter resistance R20, R24, R26, collector resitance R21, R27, decoupling resistor R22, R28, feedback resistance R23, repeating resistance R25, divider resistance R29, R30, filtering C13, C14, decoupling capacitor C15, C17, bypass C16, C18, coupling capacitance C19, high speed NPN type aerotron Q4, Q5, high speed positive-negative-positive aerotron Q6, Q7, avalanche photodide APD.
Need add a direct current reverse bias about 160V at negative electrode during avalanche photodide APD normal operation, so that APD has enough gains.The upper end of resistance R 18 connects HIGHV (160V) end of high-pressure generating circuit, and 160V high pressure HIGHV receives the negative electrode of APD through resistance R 18, filter capacitor C13, resistance R 19, twice filtering of filter capacitor C14.The effect of resistance R 28, decoupling capacitor C17, resistance R 22, decoupling capacitor C15 is the high fdrequency component of removing in the power Vcc., avalanche diode APD can produce atomic weak electric current when receiving laser pulse; Form the current-voltage pre-amplification circuit through aerotron Q4, Q5, resistance R 20, R21, R23; This current signal is converted into a voltage signal that magnitude is relatively large; The voltage amplifier circuit that constitutes through aerotron Q6, Q7, resistance R 24, R25, R26, R27, capacitor C 16, C18 more further amplifies; Power supply is superimposed with the output of the alternating-current voltage/AC voltage of amplifying circuit output as whole amplifying circuit again after resistance R 29, R30 dividing potential drop, mouth (signal) connects the input end (signal) of discriminator circuit constantly.
The same figure of reception amplifying circuit of PIN is similar, does not just need high-pressure generating circuit bias voltage HIGHV to be provided for its negative electrode, and lower voltage just can drive, and has just seldom explained here.
The present invention also is provided with the high-pressure generating circuit that high tension supply is provided for above-mentioned each circuit; As shown in Figure 5, high-pressure generating circuit is by resistance R 6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, feedback resistance R17, ceramic disc capacitor C4, decoupling capacitor C3, C10, filter capacitor C5, C6, C7, C9, C11, C12, NPN type aerotron Q3, energy storage inductor L1, clamping diode D2, D3, amplifier A1 LM358, output filter capacitor C8, time base circuit NE555.
Resistance R 6, R7, capacitor C 4, time base circuit NE555 form multi-vibrator, and during energized, power Vcc gives capacitor C 4 chargings through resistance R 6, R7; When the voltage of capacitor C 4 reaches 2/3Vcc, the conducting of time base circuit NE555 in-to-in aerotron, capacitor C 4 is through the 7 pin in-to-in aerotrons discharge of resistance R 7 and time base circuit NE555; When the voltage of capacitor C 4 is reduced to 1/3Vcc; U1 in-to-in aerotron ends, and power Vcc gives capacitor C 4 chargings again, and the voltage up to capacitor C 4 two ends reaches 2/3Vcc; Concussion so repeatedly is at the mouth 3 pin output square wave of time base circuit NE555.The output of time base circuit NE555 is crimped onto the base stage of aerotron Q3 through the branch of resistance R 9, R10, receives the collecting electrode of aerotron Q3 in addition behind the LPF of power Vcc through resistance R 8 and filter capacitor C5, C6, C7 composition again through energy storage inductor L1.When the OUT end of basic at that time circuit NE555 is exported high level; Aerotron Q3 conducting; Because aerotron Q3 conduction period forward saturation voltage drop is very little; Therefore at this moment diode D4 is anti-inclined to one side, and energy flows into from power supply, and is stored in the inductance L 1; Load is discharged energy stored in the electric capacity (
) to load by filter capacitor C8 energize.When the OUT of basic at that time circuit NE555 holds output low level; Aerotron Q3 ends; Electric current in the inductance L 1 can not suddenly change; The induced potential that produces above it stops reducing of electric current, the polarity of induced potential be last negative down just, diode D3 conducting; Energy stored in the inductance (
) flows into electric capacity (charging), and supply load.The effect of time base circuit NE555 is the square-wave signal that produces certain frequency, makes the periodic conducting of aerotron, ends, thereby obtain higher output voltage at mouth.What resistance R 13, R14, R15, R16, R17, capacitor C 10, C11, C12, integrated transporting discharging A1 LM358 formed is the voltage control reactive circuit; This backfeed loop utilizes output voltage to control the 5th pin of time base circuit NE555 IC; Output frequency and the dutycycle of time base circuit NE555 are changed, thereby play the effect of control output voltage HIGHV.We need the output voltage of a 160V, and when being output as 160V, when high voltage generating circuit works in stable state.In this case, if owing to reasons such as interference, make Vo less than 160V; The electric current that flows through resistance R 12, R14, variable resistance R13 so will reduce, thus the reduction of the voltage of the reverse input end of amplifier A1 LM358, thus the output of amplifier is increased; 5 pin of control time base circuit NE555 increase the output frequency of time base circuit NE555 and dutycycle, and then HIGHV also will increase; Up to reaching 160V, promptly circuit arrives a kind of state of equilibrium.In like manner, when HIGHV greater than 160V, through the feedback also can drag down HIGHV, make it be stabilized in 160V.The effect of high-pressure generating circuit is high pressure to laser transmission circuit and laser pick-off amplifying circuit to be provided.
As shown in Figure 6, discriminator circuit is by inductance L 2, L3 resistance R 31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, ceramic disc capacitor C20, C21, filter capacitor C22 constantly, and high-speed comparator A2, A3 LM319, d type flip flop 74HC74 form.
The output signal signal of laser pick-off amplifying circuit is divided into three the tunnel; The first via is input to the normal phase input end of high-speed comparator A2 LM319 after through the delay timer of being made up of inductance L 2, L3, capacitor C 20, C21, and comparator A2 LM319 positive input connecting resistance R32 is to ground simultaneously; The second road signal is input to the inverting input of comparator A2 LM319 through by after resistance R 31, the decay of R33 dividing potential drop, and comparator A2 LM319 reverse input end connects capacitor C 22 to ground simultaneously; The Third Road signal is directly inputted to the normal phase input end of comparator A3 LM319, and connecting resistance R4 is to ground simultaneously; The reverse input end of comparator A3 LM319 connects the adjustable end of variable resistance R36, other two ends difference connecting resistance R35 of R36 arrives ground to Vcc and resistance R 37.The output of comparator A2 LM319 connects the D end of d type flip flop 74HC74, and the output of comparator A3 connects the CLK end of d type flip flop 74HC74, and the output of d type flip flop 74HC74 (Q end) is connected to No. 31 pin (stop end) of TDC_GP2 chip in the governor circuit.
Because pulse laser can be decayed in transmission and distort; Therefore the pulse and the transmitter pulse that receive have very big-difference on shape and amplitude; Therefore be difficult to confirm accurately the due in of light pulse echoed signal, therefore need the special moment discriminator circuit moment to received signal to judge.Incoming signal is divided into three the tunnel, and first via signal is input to the normal phase input end of comparator A2 LM319 after through the delay timer of being made up of inductance L 2, L3, capacitor C 20, C21; The second road signal is input to the inverting input of high-speed comparator A2 LM319 through by after resistance R 31, the decay of resistance R 33 dividing potential drops.When the relative size of comparator A2 LM319 two input end signals changes; Comparator A2 LM319 output state will take place; And the moment point of state exchange can not receive the influence of the change of original input signal amplitude, remains when original signal reaches its a certain standing height ratio to take place.So just can guarantee the accuracy of discriminating constantly.The Third Road signal is directly inputted to the normal phase input end of comparator A3 LM319.Resistance R 35, R36, R37 are respectively the impedance match resistance of three road signals.Graphic constant ratio has been used two high-speed comparators in the discriminator circuit constantly altogether, and wherein comparator A2 LM319 differentiates comparator constantly as constant ratio, and comparator A3 LM319 is as differentiating comparator in advance.Regulate the preparatory discrimination threshold that R36 can change preparatory discriminating comparator.
Power circuit among the present invention, laser transmission circuit, laser pick-off amplifying circuit and for transmitting and receiving circuit the high-pressure generating circuit of bias voltage is provided, discriminator circuit can adopt relevant ripe circuit of the prior art constantly.
Claims (10)
1. automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging; It is characterized in that; Described system comprises that with micro controller system STC12C5A60S2 be the control core circuit; Laser transmission circuit, APD laser pick-off amplifying circuit, PIN laser pick-off amplifying circuit and for laser transmission circuit and APD laser pick-off amplifying circuit provide the high-pressure generating circuit of bias voltage, discriminator circuit constantly, time interval measurement module; The spacing display circuit also is provided with sound light alarming circuit, power circuit and beam splitter, light deflector; The Laser emission that the I/O mouth of micro controller system governor circuit connects laser transmission circuit starts end; Laser pulse signal is after the beam splitter beam split; One the tunnel is reflective directly by the reception of PIN laser pick-off amplifying circuit through light deflector, and another road pulse laser is reflected by front vehicles, is received by APD laser pick-off amplifying circuit then; After discriminator circuit is accurately proofreaied and correct its time of reception constantly, give the time interval measurement resume module again; The time signal output termination of laser pick-off amplifying circuit is the input end of discriminator circuit constantly, the input end of the output termination time interval measurement module of moment discriminator circuit, and the time interval measurement module links to each other with the micro controller system governor circuit; The mouth of high-pressure generating circuit connects the high voltage input terminal of laser transmission circuit and APD laser pick-off amplifying circuit respectively; Hall element carries out speed data collection, sends the GES of gathering out to the micro controller system governor circuit, and spacing signal output to the spacing display circuit of micro controller system governor circuit, alarm signal output ends connect sound light alarming circuit.
2. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described laser transmission circuit is made up of resistance R 1-R3, pulse current current-limiting resistance R4, charging current limiter resistance R 5, ceramic disc capacitor C1, reservoir capacitance C2, NPN type aerotron Q1-2, clamping diode D1, semiconductor laser LD; One end of resistance R 1 connects the P0.4 mouth of STC micro controller system, and the base stage of aerotron Q1 is received in resistance R 1, capacitor C 1 resistance capacity coupling, and the base stage of aerotron Q1 connects the collecting electrode of aerotron Q2; Through resistance R 2 ground connection; The grounded emitter of aerotron Q1, the base stage of the collector connecting transistor Q2 of aerotron Q1, connecting resistance R3 between the emitter of aerotron Q2 and the base stage; Simultaneously emitter connects reservoir capacitance C2 and clamping diode D1, pulse current-limiting resistance R4, semiconductor laser LD three's parallelly connected ground connection; D1 is a negative ground, and LD is plus earth, and the emitter of aerotron Q2 connects the HIGHV end of charging current limiter resistance R 5 to high-pressure generating circuit.
3. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described laser pick-off amplifying circuit is made up of filter resistance R18-19, emitter resistance R20, R24, R26, collector resitance R21, R27, decoupling resistor R22, R28, feedback resistance R23, repeating resistance R25, divider resistance R29-30, filtering C13-14, decoupling capacitor C15, C17, bypass C16, C18, coupling capacitance C19, high speed NPN type aerotron Q4-5, high speed positive-negative-positive aerotron Q6-7, avalanche photodide APD; One end of resistance R 18 connects the HIGHV end of high-pressure generating circuit; The negative electrode of avalanche photodide APD, the high fdrequency component in the removal power Vcc of resistance R 28, decoupling capacitor C17, resistance R 22, decoupling capacitor C15 are received in resistance R 18, filter capacitor C13, resistance R 19, twice filtering of filter capacitor C14; When receiving laser pulse, avalanche photodide APD can produce atomic weak electric current; Form the current-voltage pre-amplification circuit through aerotron Q4-5, resistance R 20-21, R23; This current signal is converted into a voltage signal that magnitude is relatively large; The voltage amplifier circuit that constitutes through aerotron Q6-7, resistance R 24-27, capacitor C 16, C18 more further amplifies; Power supply is superimposed with the output of the alternating-current voltage/AC voltage of amplifying circuit output as whole amplifying circuit again after resistance R 29-30 dividing potential drop, mouth (signal) connects the input end (signal) of discriminator circuit constantly.
4. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1; It is characterized in that high-pressure generating circuit is made up of resistance R 6-16, feedback resistance R17, ceramic disc capacitor C4, decoupling capacitor C3, C10, filter capacitor C5-7, C9, C11-12, NPN type aerotron Q3, energy storage inductor L1, clamping diode D2-3, output filter capacitor C8, time base circuit NE555, integrated transporting discharging A1 LM358; Resistance R 6-7, capacitor C 4, time base circuit NE555 form multi-vibrator; The output of time base circuit NE555 is crimped onto the base stage of aerotron Q3 through the branch of resistance R 9-10; Receive the collecting electrode of aerotron Q3 behind the LPF of power Vcc process resistance R 8 and filter capacitor C5-7 composition again through energy storage inductor L1, resistance R 13-17, capacitor C 10-12, integrated transporting discharging A1 LM358 form the voltage control reactive circuit.
5. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Discriminator circuit is by inductance L 2-3 resistance R 31-37, ceramic disc capacitor C20-21, filter capacitor C22 constantly, and high-speed comparator A2-3 LM319, d type flip flop 74HC74 form; Incoming signal is divided into three the tunnel, and the first via is input to the normal phase input end of high-speed comparator A2 LM319 after through the delay timer of being made up of inductance L 2-3, capacitor C 20-21, and high-speed comparator A2 LM319 positive input connecting resistance R32 is to ground simultaneously; The second road signal is through being input to the inverting input of high-speed comparator A2 LM319 after being decayed by resistance R 31, R33 dividing potential drop, high-speed comparator A2 LM319 reverse input end connects capacitor C 22 to ground simultaneously; The Third Road signal is directly inputted to the normal phase input end of high-speed comparator A3 LM319, and connecting resistance R34 is to ground simultaneously; The reverse input end of high-speed comparator A3 LM319 connects the adjustable end of variable resistance R36, other two ends difference connecting resistance R35 of R36 arrives ground to Vcc and resistance R 37; The output of high-speed comparator A2 LM319 connects the D end of d type flip flop 74HC74; The output of high-speed comparator A3 LM319 connects the CLK end of d type flip flop 74HC74, and the output Q end of d type flip flop 74HC74 is connected to No. 31 pin stop ends of TDC_GP2 chip in the time interval measurement module.
6. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The oscillating circuit that ceramic disc capacitor C23-24 in the described time interval measurement module, resistance R 38-39, crystal oscillator Y1 form connects No. 1 pin and No. 2 pin of chip TDC-_GP2; The oscillating circuit that ceramic disc capacitor C25-26, resistance R 40-41, crystal oscillator Y2 form connects No. 15 pin and No. 16 pin of chip TDC-_GP2; 32,26, No. 25 pin of chip TDC_GP2 are connected to P0.2, P0.1, the P0.0 mouth of micro controller system respectively, and No. 13 pin RSTN are connected to the P1.3 mouth of STC micro controller system, and the 9-12 pin is connected respectively to P1.4, P1.7, P1.5, the P1.6 mouth of micro controller system; 3,15,22, No. 29 pin power connection Vcc, 4,21, No. 28 pin ground connection.
7. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; No. 3 pin of the STC micro controller system in the single chip machine controlling circuit meet buzzer phone U5 to ground, and No. 34 pin connecting resistance R54, light-emitting diode D5 arrive ground, and the button reset circuit that switch S 1, resistance R 42-43, ceramic disc capacitor C30 form is received No. 9 pin preset ends of STC micro controller system; The oscillating circuit that ceramic disc capacitor C31-32, crystal oscillator Y3 form connects 18, No. 19 pin of STC micro controller system; No. 31 pin connecting resistance R44 of STC micro controller system are to power Vcc, No. 20 pin ground connection, No. 40 pin power connection Vcc.
8. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1 is characterized in that, No. 1 pin ground connection of described spacing display circuit chips (LCD) SMC1602A; No. 2 pin power connection Vcc, No. 3 pin meets slide rheostat R45 to ground, and No. 4 pin connects micro controller system P1.0 mouth; No. 5 pin ground connection, No. 6 pin connects micro controller system P1.1 mouth, and the 7-14 pin connects the P2.7-P2.0 mouth of micro controller system; No. 15 pin connecting resistance R46 are to ground, No. 16 pin ground connection.
9. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described sound light alarming circuit chips ISD1730 3,19, the 22-26 pin connect respectively switch to ground; No. 23 pin connect No. 36 pin (P0.3 mouth) of STC micro controller system, and the filter circuit that power Vcc connecting resistance R47, capacitor C 33 are formed connecting resistance R48 again connects No. 10 pin of capacitor C 34 to ISD1730 simultaneously to an end of microphone; The other end connecting resistance R49 of microphone connects No. 11 pin of capacitor C 35 to ISD1730 simultaneously to ground, and No. 20 pin connecting resistance R50 of ISD1730 are to ground; No. 18 pin meets chemical capacitor C36 to ground, and No. 2 pin connecting resistance R51 of ISD1730 are to the negative electrode of light-emitting diode D4, the anode power connection Vcc of light-emitting diode D4; 1,21, No. 14 pin of ISD1730 is through decoupling capacitor C37-C44 power connection Vcc; 28,8,16, No. 12 pin ground connection, 13, No. 15 pin meets loudspeaker LS1, and No. 17 pin connecting resistance R52 are to ground; No. 27 pin connecting resistance R53 to ground, connect capacitor C 45 to ground, connect the base stage of aerotron Q8 simultaneously; The grounded emitter of aerotron Q8, the collecting electrode of aerotron Q8 connect the end of loudspeaker LS2, the other end power connection Vcc of loudspeaker LS2.
10. the automobile collision preventing warning based on pulsed laser ranging according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the speed-slackening signal of micro controller system governor circuit output send brake system of car.
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| CN103197092A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-07-10 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | Device for automatically measuring industrial vehicle running speed |
| CN103381797A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-11-06 | 上海交通大学 | High-precision backing control system of heavy truck |
| CN103847765A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-11 | 南京理工大学 | Laser-communication-based anti-collision system for train and utilization method thereof |
| CN104458215A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十四研究所 | Delay time measuring circuit for optical fiber delay line |
| CN104777470A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-15 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Circuit for expanding range of pulse laser short-range dynamic gain |
| CN105093233A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 苏州翌森光电科技有限公司 | Phase type laser distance measuring system |
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| CN108469768A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-31 | 深圳市天乔科技有限公司 | Intelligent switch system based on laser controlling |
| CN108919282A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of laser radar signal moment identification system |
| CN108594204A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-09-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of high accuracy remote narrow-pulse laser range unit |
| CN111670378A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-09-15 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Light emitting device, distance measuring device and mobile platform |
| ES2774340A1 (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-20 | Calles Juan Ignacio Arbex | Rear anti-harassment and collision system for motorized vehicles (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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