CN2211151Y

CN2211151Y - Electronic automatic precision seed sowing device

Info

Publication number: CN2211151Y
Application number: CN 93243334
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴建新; 董克勤; 惠明; 王超铁
Original assignee: Scientific Research Management Office Of Beijing Academy Of Agricultural And Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Scientific Research Management Office Of Beijing Academy Of Agricultural And Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 1993-11-02
Filing date: 1993-11-02
Publication date: 1995-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 2003-11-02

Abstract

A seed-metering system of a novel seeder, namely an electronic automatic precise seed-metering device, comprises a seed-metering device, a controller, a signal detector, a driver, an actuating mechanism and the like, wherein the controller processes seed-metering information collected by the signal detector and controls the actuating mechanism through the driver to realize distance-fixed and quantitative precise seeding. And the device can automatically replanting the possible cavities, and is suitable for precision seeding of corn, soybean, sorghum, wheat and other crops. Has the effects of regulating and controlling seeding density, saving seeds and improving yield, and is a novel electromechanical integrated seed sowing device.

Description

Automatic electronic precise feed mechanism

Current, the dispenser of mechanical type and pneumatic type precision planter, though can reach the precision drilling purpose, but owing to require strict to the quality of crop and seed (comprising the hole that pneumatic type sower that the cleannes of seed cause produces), hole broadcast leakage phenomenon often occurs, and Seeding Uniformity is affected.When changing the amount of sowing, need transposing associated mechanical device.

The utility model is for addressing the aforementioned drawbacks, designing according to agriculture requirement.The design of employing electromechanical integration is directly controlled the action of sowing of seeding unit by electronic control system, thereby controls the amount of sowing, and can reseed automatically after the hole produces.This seeding unit can directly be contained on the pneumatic seeder or on the tool-carrier, seeding unit power is directly driven by stepper motor, cancelled by land wheel and rotated a whole set of machine driven system of drive, simplified metering system, reduced power consumption that the mechanical friction owing to transmission system occurs and influenced the defective of seeding precision owing to land wheel skids, owing to removed the air pump etc. of strength sower, the complete machine cost is reduced again, also alleviated the deadweight of sower and the power consumption of tractor simultaneously.This seeding unit can be assemblied on single file so that the multiplerow seeder, the demand that adapts to large, medium and small type tractor, the seeding operation that the seed plate (feed roll) of replacing different model can carry out corn, soybean, Chinese sorghum, wheat, barley and direct sowing on dry paddy field.

The automatic precision seeder of this electronics is mainly by paying kind of case, housing, a vertical feed roll, planting system, motor and electronic control system etc. clearly and form, the seed porch is opened one and is detected the hole on the housing, be used to install the probe of automatic control system, seeding acupuncture point status information is delivered to controller with the electric impulse signal form, when the hole occurring, pulse signal gets final product notification controller, and controller control step motor broadcasts the seed at next acupuncture point on the seeding unit, plays the effect of reseeding.Pay kind of lower box part and speed when filling kind of inclined-plane and making seed fall into vertical feed roll is arranged near the linear velocity of vertical feed roll.Clear kind system is the brush type, and unnecessary seed is eliminated, and is retained in a single seed in the groove.Housing goes out kind of mouth and becomes the inclined-plane with ground, and seed lands speed and main frame pace difference and dwindles, and prevents from that seed from directly falling into ground and producing to beat, and influences the uniformity of seed spacing.

This seeding unit is suitable for the sowing of crops such as corn, soybean, Chinese sorghum and wheat class.Rational in infrastructure, it is big to fill kind of face, and sowing is smart high, and hole rate goes to zero.Save seed simultaneously, reach the purpose of increasing both production and income.

Embodiment:

The utility model is provided by following enforcement and accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of controller:

The IC47:8098 chip microprocessor

31: tractor gait of march signal

The 34-39 motor action allows signal

IC48: decoder--controller internal gating signal

IC51-IC53: there is the hole at the seeding unit acupuncture point, and whether information is imported controller

IC55: director demon memory

IC56: controller information memory

IC50、IC57、IC58、IC59、IC5、IC6、IC60、56－53

Input of configuration information keyboard and information show

25-30: motor speed control signal

32: system's alarm signal of makeing mistakes

IC4: seeding unit acupuncture point status information

IC3: seeding unit acupuncture point status information

Fig. 2 stepper motor driving circuit

IC9: stepper motor ring distributor

72: motor rotates control signal (it be 25-30 any)

73: motor rotate to allow signal (it be among the 34-39 any)

IC11-IC16: photoisolator

IC17-IC22: high-power driving pipe

IC23-IC28: be respectively 6 phase step motor a phases, the b phase, the c phase, the d phase,

The e phase, the f phase coil

Fig. 3: there is seed whether information modulator at the seeding unit acupuncture point

IC7:6 seeding unit acupuncture point status information positive pole

IC8:6 seeding unit acupuncture point status information negative pole

IC33-IC38: optical isolation amplifier

IC39-IC44: not gate

Fig. 4: seeding unit acupuncture point status information extractor

IC29: photoemission cell; IC30: photoelectric receiving tube

IC31: amplifier IC32: amplifier

Fig. 5 is the automatic precision seeder front view of electronics, with housing partly cut-away, shows inner mounting structure and working condition;

Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1 along A-A;

Fig. 7, Fig. 9 are respectively the front view and the end views of the vertical feed roll of the automatic precision seeder of electronics, and according to the Different Crop kind, this vertical feed roll is by single vertical feed roll or arrange vertical feed roll more and form, and is used for seeding.

Shown in Fig. 6,7, the automatic precision seeder of electronics is made up of pair kind of a case (64), housing (65), clear brush (66), vertical feed roll (67), detection hole (69), the stepper motor (78) etc. of planting, the inclined-plane (68) of charging seed, housing inner chamber front lower place, the vertical feed roll of corn is single vertical feed roll, and the bigger small-sized seed of density of sowing such as wheat is double vertical feed roll or arranges vertical feed roll more.

Fig. 8: be the overall pie graph of the automatic precision seeder of electronics

74: controller circuitry (seeing Fig. 1 explanation for details)

75: stepper motor driving circuit (seeing Fig. 2 explanation for details)

76: stepper motor

77: the mechanical seeding part of the automatic precision seeder of electronics (by seeding box,

Housing, vertical feed roll, the kind system constitutes clearly)

The assembling that describes this utility model below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 8 in detail is implemented:

The utility model is with detection of electrons, and control device and mechanical device organically combine, and has formed a kind of novel electromechanical integration sowing machine.

1, the automatic precision seeder main assembly of electronics is referring to Fig. 8, controller (74) is received spacing in the rows information and the real-time tractor gait of march signal (31) that keyboard (56-71) is set, one side (IC5 on display, IC6) show, press the spacing in the rows of setting on the one hand with current tractor gait of march fixed density sowing.The seeding signal that controller sends drives stepper motor driving circuit (75), drives the multichannel stepper motor by stepper motor driving circuit, drives vertical feed roll and rotates, and realizes seeding.By status information modulator (IC7, IC8) by mechanical seeding part (74) being detected the modulation intelligence that obtains, be converted to acupuncture point detection signal (IC3 through acupuncture point status information extractor, IC4), controller is by the detection to this group signal, when finding that the hole is arranged, send and reseed signal and reseed.

2, signals collecting: the detector that is made of photoemission cell IC29 and photoelectric receiving tube IC38 referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5 is installed in detection 69 both sides, hole, and the kind cave of vertical feed roll 67 is detected.When seeding, the hole occurring, detect by IC29 and IC38 and to obtain, after IC31 and IC32 amplify, be formed with one, the pulse signal of one or two polarity, receive on IC7, the IC8.6 group pulse signals shown in Figure 4 are obtained from the detection hole of 6 vertical feed rolls respectively.These two groups of signals are isolated (IC33-IC38) processing via photoelectricity shown in Figure 3, produce two groups of acupuncture point status informations, the 13-18 of IC3, and the 19-24 of IC4 send controller to handle.

3, controller: referring to Fig. 1, controller is to be the micro-computer controller of core by the little processing IC 49 of monolithic.Its acupuncture point status information and tractor speed of travel information (obtaining by 31) to being come by IC3, IC4 is sent 6 Stepping Motor Control signals by IC1 and IC2.By the driver drives stepper motor, make vertical feed roll broadcast seed at interval according to certain distance, quantitative to be with foot, the requirement of spacing precise sowing.

4, driver: Fig. 2 is the drive circuit of a stepper motor, and each stepper motor drives one or several vertical feed roll.When receiving corresponding signal rear drive stepper motor, this circuit rotates some angles.When on the vertical feed roll during no hole, do once sowing action.When if the hole is arranged, finish once sowing action and can not broadcast seed, repeatedly broadcast again and mend action, 72 signals that receive for slave controller IC1, it is the signal of 25-30 among the IC1, control step motor rotational action; 73 signals that receive for slave controller IC2, it is the signal of 34-39 among the IC2, the control step motor is opened or is stopped.It passes through ring distributor IC9 to this group signal, photoisolator IC11-IC16, after carrying out electrical isolation, drive stepper motor by high-power driving pipe IC17-IC22 and rotate, IC23-IC28 is respectively a phase, b phase, c phase, d phase, e phase, f phase 6 phase coils of one one 6 phase step motor.

Claims

1, a kind of automatic precise seeder of seeding parts-electronics of sower, by electronic detectors, the COMPUTER DETECTION device, driver, stepper motor (7,8), plant case (64), housing (65), the clear brush (66) of planting, vertical feed roll (67) and detection hole compositions such as (69), the front that it is characterized in that its vertical feed roll (67) is a garden cambered surface, have one to detect hole (69) on the housing (65), detector (IC27, IC30) be placed on the detection hole (69), stepper motor (78) is fixed on the housing (65), and vertical feed roll (67) centre bore is fixed on the central rotating shaft of stepper motor.

2, the automatic precision seeder of electronics according to claim 1 is characterized in that being made up of a vertical feed roll (67) or a plurality of vertical feed roll (67); Vertical feed roll (67) is a garden cambered surface along direction of advance.