CN113068483A - Agricultural particulate matter seeding device and counting method - Google Patents

Agricultural particulate matter seeding device and counting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113068483A
CN113068483A CN202110254642.4A CN202110254642A CN113068483A CN 113068483 A CN113068483 A CN 113068483A CN 202110254642 A CN202110254642 A CN 202110254642A CN 113068483 A CN113068483 A CN 113068483A
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China
Prior art keywords
material taking
plate
seeding
sowing
baffle
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CN202110254642.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113068483B (en
Inventor
李建栋
文桃
王崴
瞿珏
邱盎
杨洁
张乐
彭德鑫
钱政华
胡艺华
褚盛林
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Air Force Engineering University of PLA
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Air Force Engineering University of PLA
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Priority to CN202110254642.4A priority Critical patent/CN113068483B/en
Publication of CN113068483A publication Critical patent/CN113068483A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/04Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C19/00Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
    • A01C19/02Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a motor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10Investigating individual particles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06MCOUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M7/00Counting of objects carried by a conveyor
    • G06M7/02Counting of objects carried by a conveyor wherein objects ahead of the sensing element are separated to produce a distinct gap between successive objects
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and particularly discloses an agricultural particulate seeding device and a counting method, wherein the agricultural particulate seeding device comprises a plurality of seeding mechanisms, each seeding mechanism comprises a shell, a storage bin and a seeding unit are correspondingly arranged in the shell from top to bottom, each storage bin is provided with a discharge hopper, and the bottom of the discharge hopper is provided with a discharge hole; the seeding unit comprises a baffle plate, a material taking plate and a seeding bin which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and material taking holes are respectively formed in the baffle plate and the material taking plate; the seeding bin consists of a material leaking plate and a material taking hopper, and the material leaking plate is also provided with a material leaking port; the baffle is connected with a first driving part, and the material taking plate is connected with a second driving part. According to the agricultural particle sowing machine, due to the structural design, the sowing process of agricultural particles is completed through a mechanical structure, accurate sowing can be realized, one particle is sown each time, and the sowing nonuniformity is avoided.

Description

Agricultural particulate matter seeding device and counting method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and particularly relates to an agricultural particulate seeding device and a counting method.
Background
In the age with gradually changing science and technology, various high and new technologies and precision machinery are distributed in various industries, and the degree of intelligent mechanization directly affects the working efficiency of enterprises. A seeding machine is a planting machine that takes crop seeds as a seeding target. The current large-scale planting has become a trend, in the planting process, the traditional manual seed sowing can not meet the requirement, the efficiency is too low, and the labor cost is high; the existing seeding vehicle is heavy and has high manufacturing cost; the problem of uneven sowing frequently occurs, namely one soil pit has more seeds and one soil pit has less seeds; this affects the growth of the crops and the utilization of the nutrient content of the land, and therefore, accurate sowing is very important. In addition, the existing sowing equipment cannot acquire the number of sowing particles at each time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an agricultural particulate matter seeding device and a counting method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The agricultural particulate seeding device comprises a plurality of seeding mechanisms, wherein each seeding mechanism comprises a shell, a storage bin and a seeding unit are correspondingly arranged in the shell from top to bottom, each storage bin is provided with a discharge hopper, and the bottom of the discharge hopper is provided with a discharge hole;
the seeding unit comprises a baffle, a material taking plate and a seeding bin which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and material taking holes are respectively formed in the baffle and the material taking plate; the seeding bin consists of a material leaking plate and a material taking hopper, and the material leaking plate is also provided with a material leaking port;
the baffle plate is connected with a first driving part, the material taking plate is connected with a second driving part, and the material taking holes in the baffle plate and the material taking plate are respectively rotated to be aligned with the material outlet; and a blanking port is arranged at the bottom of the seeding bin.
The technical scheme of the invention has the characteristics and further improvements that:
further, a plurality of sowing mechanisms are arranged on the frame of the sowing machine side by side.
Furthermore, the first driving part comprises a first support frame and a first motor, the first support frame is fixedly connected with the shell, and the first motor is arranged on the first support frame; a circular hole is formed in the center of the material taking plate; and the output shaft of the first motor penetrates through the round hole to be connected with the baffle.
Furthermore, a bearing is arranged between the output shaft of the first motor and the round hole.
Further, the second driving part comprises a second motor and a driving gear, the second motor is fixed on the first support frame, the driving gear is sleeved on an output shaft of the second motor, straight teeth are arranged on the outer side surface of the material taking plate, and the driving gear is meshed with the straight teeth.
Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the center of the material leaking plate and used for enabling an output shaft of the first motor to penetrate through.
Further, the size of the material taking holes in the material taking plate is the same as the size of the particles to be sown each time.
Further, the thickness of the baffle is less than the minimum thickness of the particulate matter to be sown.
Further, the seeding bin is fixed on the shell through a second support frame.
And the signal output end of the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the control ends of the first motor and the second motor.
(II) an agricultural particulate seeding counting method, based on the seeding device, comprises the following steps:
step 1, loading particulate matters to be sown into a storage bin; the positions of the baffle and the material taking plate are arranged at initial positions;
step 2, rotating the baffle plate until the material taking hole on the baffle plate is aligned with the material outlet; then the material taking plate is rotated until the material taking hole on the material taking plate is aligned with the material outlet, and the particulate matters to be sown fall into the material taking hole of the material taking plate; rotating the baffle to an initial position, simultaneously rotating the material taking plate until the material taking hole on the material taking plate is positioned above the material leakage opening, so that the particulate matters to be sown fall into the sowing bin and fall into the sowing ground from the blanking opening, and sowing the particulate matters once is completed; at this time, the material taking plate is rotated to the initial position and is counted once.
And (5) repeatedly executing the step (2) until the seeding of the particulate matters to be seeded is completed, and counting once when the material taking plate is rotated to the initial position every time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through the structural design, the sowing process of agricultural particles is completed through a mechanical structure, accurate sowing can be realized, one particle is sown each time, and the sowing nonuniformity is avoided; meanwhile, the invention can realize the counting of the seeding particles while seeding, so that people can accurately know the seeding situation, the invention is beneficial to the personalized analysis of the soil performance, and the invention has simple structure and convenient use.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional perspective view of an agricultural particulate matter planting device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a sowing unit and a receiving bin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the baffle, the material taking plate, the material leaking plate and the material taking hopper according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing an installation structure of a first driving part and a second driving part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the above figures, 1 outer shell; 2, a storage bin; 21 discharging hoppers; 22 a discharge hole; 3 a sowing unit; 31 a baffle plate; 32 taking a material plate; 321 a material taking hole; 322 a circular hole; 33 a seeding bin; 331 a material leaking plate; 332 taking a hopper; 333 discharge opening; 334 blanking port; 335 a via hole; 4 a first support frame; 41 a first motor; 42 a second motor; 43 driving a gear; 5 a second support frame.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the agricultural particulate matter seeding device provided by the invention comprises a plurality of seeding mechanisms, each seeding mechanism comprises a shell 1, a storage bin 2 and a seeding unit 3 are correspondingly arranged in the shell 1 from top to bottom, each storage bin 2 is provided with a discharge hopper 21, and the bottom of the discharge hopper 21 is provided with a discharge hole 22; the seeding unit 3 comprises a baffle 31, a material taking plate 32 and a seeding bin 33 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the baffle 31 and the material taking plate 32 are respectively provided with a material taking hole 321; the seeding bin 33 is composed of a material leaking plate 331 and a material taking hopper 332, and a material leaking port 333 is further arranged on the material leaking plate 331; the baffle 31 is connected with a first driving part, the material taking plate 32 is connected with a second driving part, and the baffle 31 and the material taking holes 321 on the material taking plate 32 are respectively rotated to be aligned with the material outlet 22; the bottom of the seeding bin 33 is provided with a blanking port 334.
In the above embodiment, the sowing mechanism of the invention can be installed on a vehicle with a mounting rack, and can be arranged side by side or in an array manner according to requirements, so that the sowing speed can be increased. The device of the invention can be made into a small-sized sowing device and also can be made into a large-sized sowing device.
The housing 1 is cylindrical, the bottom of the housing is provided with an inward flange, the structure for fixing each seeding mechanism of the first driving part and the second driving part is shown in fig. 1, and a discharge hopper 21 is arranged in the storage bin 2 in the embodiment, so that particles can automatically fall down. And one particle is sown each time, so that the precise sowing of the particles is realized.
The sowing process of the invention is as follows: firstly, the material taking hole 321 on the baffle 31 is rotated to be aligned with the corresponding discharge hole 22, and the particles cannot fall down because the baffle 31 is thin; then, the material taking holes 321 on the material taking plate 32 are rotated to be aligned with the material taking holes 321 on the baffle plate 31, and at the moment, the particles fall into the material taking holes 321 on the material taking plate 32; then the material taking plate 32 is rotated until the material taking hole 321 is located above the material leaking port 333, so that the particulate matters fall into the sowing bin 33 from the material leaking port 333, and finally slide out from the material dropping port 334 and fall into the sowing seeds or the sowing pits. The seeding mechanism is a seeding process of one seeding mechanism, and multiple times of repeated seeding can be carried out by repeating the process. The device solves the problem of uneven seeding and can realize accurate seeding.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first driving part includes a first supporting frame 4 and a first motor 41, the first supporting frame 4 is fixedly connected with the housing 1, and the first motor 41 is mounted on the first supporting frame 4; a circular hole 322 is formed in the center of the material taking plate 32; the output shaft of the first motor 41 passes through the circular hole 322 and is connected with the baffle 31.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a bearing is disposed between the output shaft of the first motor 41 and the circular hole 322.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second driving member includes a second motor 42 and a driving gear 43, the second motor 42 is fixed to the first support frame 4, the driving gear 43 is sleeved on an output shaft of the second motor 42, the outer side surface of the material taking plate 32 is provided with straight teeth, and the driving gear 43 is meshed with the straight teeth.
In the above embodiment, the first motor 41 and the second motor 42 are small stepping motors or servo motors, and the particle extraction process can be completed by controlling the rotation angles thereof. The first support frame 4 is fixed on the bottom plate of the housing 1, as shown in fig. 4, the first motor 41 and the second motor 42 are respectively installed on the first support frame 4, the first motor 41 drives the baffle 31 to rotate, the second motor 42 drives the driving gear 43 to rotate, the driving gear 43 drives the material taking plate 32 to rotate, and the two plates do not rotate simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a through hole 335 is formed in the center of the material leaking plate 331, and is used for allowing an output shaft of the first motor 41 to pass through, so that when the first motor 41 rotates, the material leaking plate 331 does not rotate.
Referring to fig. 3, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the size of the material taking hole 321 on the material taking plate 32 is the same as the size of the particulate matter to be sown each time.
Referring to fig. 3, according to one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the baffle 31 is less than the minimum thickness of the granules to be sown.
In the above embodiment, the baffle 31 only plays a role of blocking material in the material taking process, and when the material taking hole 321 is aligned with the material outlet 22, the particulate matter does not fall down; the material taking plate 32 is used for taking materials, only when the material taking holes 321 on the material taking plate and the material taking plate are aligned, the particles fall into the material taking holes 321 of the material taking plate 32, and the particles move circumferentially along with the rotation of the material taking plate 32 to finish the transportation of the particles.
Referring to fig. 4, the sowing bin 33 is fixed to the bottom edge of the housing 1 by a second support bracket 5 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a controller is further included, and signal output ends of the controller are electrically connected to control ends of the first motor 41 and the second motor 42, respectively, for controlling the rotation angles and the sequence of the baffle 31 and the material taking plate 32.
Example 2
An agricultural particulate matter seeding and counting method is based on the seeding device and comprises the following steps:
step 1, loading particulate matters to be sown into a storage bin; the positions of the baffle and the material taking plate are arranged at initial positions;
step 2, rotating the baffle plate until the material taking hole on the baffle plate is aligned with the material outlet; then the material taking plate is rotated until the material taking hole on the material taking plate is aligned with the material outlet, and the particulate matters to be sown fall into the material taking hole of the material taking plate; rotating the baffle to an initial position, simultaneously rotating the material taking plate until the material taking hole on the material taking plate is positioned above the material leakage opening, so that the particulate matters to be sown fall into the sowing bin and fall into the sowing ground from the blanking opening, and sowing the particulate matters once is completed; at this time, the material taking plate is rotated to the initial position and is counted once.
And (5) repeatedly executing the step (2) until the seeding of the particulate matters to be seeded is completed, and counting once when the material taking plate is rotated to the initial position every time.
The sowing mechanism can be used as a counting device for particles, the counting is completed when the materials are taken once every time, and the counting is completed simultaneously when the materials are taken, so that the sowing mechanism can be used in various industries needing counting.
The invention can realize the counting of the seeding particles while seeding, enables people to accurately know the seeding condition, is beneficial to personalized analysis of soil performance, and has simple structure and convenient use.
Although the present invention has been described in detail in this specification with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the present invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. An agricultural particulate seeding device is characterized by comprising a plurality of seeding mechanisms, wherein each seeding mechanism comprises a shell, a storage bin and a seeding unit are correspondingly arranged in the shell from top to bottom, each storage bin is provided with a discharge hopper, and the bottom of the discharge hopper is provided with a discharge hole;
the seeding unit comprises a baffle, a material taking plate and a seeding bin which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and material taking holes are respectively formed in the baffle and the material taking plate; the seeding bin consists of a material leaking plate and a material taking hopper, and the material leaking plate is also provided with a material leaking port;
the baffle plate is connected with a first driving part, the material taking plate is connected with a second driving part, and the material taking holes in the baffle plate and the material taking plate are respectively rotated to be aligned with the material outlet; and a blanking port is arranged at the bottom of the seeding bin.
2. The agricultural granular sowing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a plurality of sowing mechanisms are arranged side by side on a frame of the sowing machine.
3. The agricultural granular sowing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first drive member comprises a first support bracket fixedly connected to the housing and a first motor mounted on the first support bracket; a circular hole is formed in the center of the material taking plate; and the output shaft of the first motor penetrates through the round hole to be connected with the baffle.
4. The agricultural granular material sowing device according to claim 3, wherein the second driving component comprises a second motor and a driving gear, the second motor is fixed on the first support frame, the driving gear is sleeved on an output shaft of the second motor, straight teeth are arranged on the outer side surface of the material taking plate, and the driving gear is meshed with the straight teeth.
5. The agricultural granular material sowing device of claim 3, wherein a through hole is formed in the center of the material leaking plate for the output shaft of the first motor to pass through.
6. The agricultural granular material sowing device of claim 1, wherein the size of the material taking holes on the material taking plate is the same as the size of granular material to be sown each time.
7. The agricultural granular material planting device of claim 6, wherein the thickness of the baffle is less than the minimum thickness of the granular material to be planted.
8. The agricultural granular material sowing device of claim 1, further comprising a controller, wherein the signal output ends of the controller are electrically connected with the control ends of the first motor and the second motor respectively.
9. A particle counting device comprising the sowing mechanism in the agricultural particle sowing device according to claim 8.
10. An agricultural particle seeding and counting method based on the seeding device of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, loading particulate matters to be sown into a storage bin; the positions of the baffle and the material taking plate are arranged at initial positions;
step 2, rotating the baffle plate until the material taking hole on the baffle plate is aligned with the material outlet; then the material taking plate is rotated until the material taking hole on the material taking plate is aligned with the material outlet, and the particulate matters to be sown fall into the material taking hole of the material taking plate; rotating the baffle to an initial position, simultaneously rotating the material taking plate until the material taking hole on the material taking plate is positioned above the material leakage opening, so that the particulate matters to be sown fall into the sowing bin and fall into the sowing ground from the blanking opening, and sowing the particulate matters once is completed; at this time, the material taking plate is rotated to the initial position and is counted once.
And (5) repeatedly executing the step (2) until the seeding of the particulate matters to be seeded is completed, and counting once when the material taking plate is rotated to the initial position every time.
CN202110254642.4A 2021-03-09 2021-03-09 Agricultural particulate seeding device and counting method Active CN113068483B (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114322485A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-04-12 河南科勒夫设备科技有限公司 Steam type dryer

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