CN111406476A - Seed sowing device and method for small-seed cell breeding and precision sowing - Google Patents
Seed sowing device and method for small-seed cell breeding and precision sowing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111406476A CN111406476A CN202010158351.0A CN202010158351A CN111406476A CN 111406476 A CN111406476 A CN 111406476A CN 202010158351 A CN202010158351 A CN 202010158351A CN 111406476 A CN111406476 A CN 111406476A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/04—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
- A01C7/042—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices using pneumatic means
- A01C7/044—Pneumatic seed wheels
- A01C7/046—Pneumatic seed wheels with perforated seeding discs
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a small-seed cell breeding precision-sowing seed-metering device and a seed-metering method, wherein the small-seed cell breeding precision-sowing seed-metering device comprises a seed bin, a seed spoon, a seed metering device, a seed scraping device and a seed cleaning device; the seed bin, the seed spoon, the seed discharging device and the seed scraping device are all arranged on the seed cleaning device. The seed bin comprises a seed storage tube, a bin gate cylinder and a bin gate plate; the seed spoon comprises a spoon cavity, a rotating plate, a seed spoon cylinder and a fixing plate; the seed metering device comprises a seed plate, a driving wheel and a negative pressure plate; the seed scraping device comprises a scraping plate, an adjusting pointer and an adjusting disc; the seed cleaning device is provided with an inoculation port, a seed cleaning cavity and a seed cleaning pipe; the invention also discloses a seed metering method of the small-seed cell breeding precision-seeding seed metering device. The invention solves the problems of low precision seeding degree, serious seed mixing, complex seed cleaning, low automation degree, complex operation, high failure rate and the like in the prior seeding technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seed metering device and a seed metering method for small seed cell breeding and precision seeding.
Background
In the 21 st century, the production of small-kernel crops such as millet and rape has been developed in a large-scale and industrialized mode, but the traditional manual drilling, broadcasting and drill seeding are still used as the main mode in the planting process, so that the production efficiency is low, the thinning work is large, the labor intensity is high, and the labor cost is high, so that the large-scale mechanical planting of the small-kernel crops is imperative. The requirement of a cell breeding and planting link on a seed metering device is higher, and various crop seeds are required to be continuously replanted and sowed without mixed seeds; the second requirement is that precision seeding can be realized, clear requirements are also provided for planting distance and the like, and the third requirement is that manual excessive operation is reduced. Present little seed grain seed district breeding precision seeding needs a large amount of manual works to sow, sow inefficiency, and use cost is higher, can not sow in succession multiple seed, and degree of automation is low, and the manual intervention operation of seeding process is complicated, and the mixed seed condition often takes place, leaks to sow easily in the seeding in-process in addition and reseeds, causes the waste easily.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small-seed cell breeding precision-sowing seed-metering device and a seed-metering method, which solve the problems of low precision-sowing degree, serious seed mixing, complex seed cleaning, low automation degree, complex operation, high failure rate and the like in the prior sowing technology.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a seed sowing device and a seed sowing method for small seed breeding in a seed cell, comprising a seed bin, a seed spoon, a seed sowing device, a seed scraping device and a seed cleaning device;
the seed bin, the seed spoon, the seed discharging device and the seed scraping device are all arranged on the seed cleaning device.
The seed bin comprises a seed storage tube, a bin gate cylinder and a bin gate plate, wherein the bin gate plate is arranged below the seed storage tube, and the bin gate cylinder is connected with the bin gate plate.
The seed spoon comprises a spoon cavity, a rotating plate, a seed spoon cylinder and a fixing plate, one end of the fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the seed cleaning device, the other end of the fixing plate is movably connected with the seed spoon cylinder, the lower end of the seed spoon cylinder is movably connected with the rotating plate, the other end of the rotating plate is connected with the spoon cavity through a shaft, and the spoon cavity is of a spoon shape rising upwards.
Seed metering device includes kind of dish, drive wheel and negative pressure dish, the drive wheel through pass clear kind of device the axle with kind of dish is connected, be equipped with the little through-hole of round on the kind of dish, kind of dish one side with the tight laminating in spoon chamber, the aperture on it passes through when kind of dish is rotatory spoon intracavity, negative pressure dish fixed mounting be in on the clear kind of device, with kind of dish opposite side is closely laminated, it has arc atmospheric pressure groove to open on the negative pressure dish, with the aperture position that is equipped with on kind of dish corresponds, be equipped with the trachea on the negative pressure dish and be connected with the fan.
Scrape kind of device and include scraper blade, regulation pointer and adjustment disk, scrape kind of device and install seed metering device with between the clear kind of device, the scraper blade with the laminating of kind of dish one side sets up spoon chamber top, scraper blade one end is passed through the axle and is installed on the adjustment disk, the other end with adjust the pointer and connect, it has the round locating hole to open on the adjustment disk, it inserts to adjust the pointer the adjustment disk locating hole.
The seed cleaning device is provided with an inoculation port, a seed cleaning cavity and a seed cleaning pipe, the inoculation port is positioned at the lower end of the seed cleaning device and is positioned below the outlet of the spoon cavity, the seed cleaning cavity is positioned at the lower end of the seed cleaning device and is communicated with the inoculation port, the seed cleaning pipe is communicated with the seed cleaning cavity, and the seed cleaning pipe is connected with the fan.
The invention also comprises a seed metering method of the small-seed cell breeding precision-seeding seed metering device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the seeding machine is started, the seed metering device is in an idle state, a first seed is manually thrown into the seed distributing device, the seeds are divided into a plurality of parts and enter the seed storing tube of the seed metering device along the seed discharging tube, the bin gate plate is in a closed state at the moment, and the seeds stay in a cavity formed by the seed storing tube and the bin gate plate;
(2) the pneumatic electromagnetic element receives the signal action of the control unit, controls the bin gate cylinder to move, further drives the bin gate plate to open, a first seed falls into the spoon cavity, the pneumatic electromagnetic element receives the signal of the control unit again after the seed completely falls, controls the bin gate cylinder to act, the bin gate plate is closed, and a second seed can be added before the bin gate plate closes the first seed and is completely sowed manually;
(3) the fan acts on the negative pressure plate, the negative pressure plate acts on the seed plate to generate seed sucking negative pressure, and a small hole in the seed plate in the spoon cavity firstly sucks seeds;
(4) the seeder walks to drive the driving wheel to rotate, the driving wheel drives the seed plate to rotate, small holes in the seed plate sequentially absorb seeds through the seeds in the spoon cavities, then the seed plate scrapes off redundant seeds attached to the seed plate through the scraper, the seed plate continuously rotates to the lower part, the small holes adsorbing the seeds on the seed plate are rotated out of the range of negative pressure generated by the negative pressure plate air pressure grooves on the seed sucking small holes of the seed plate, and the seeds fall down to realize seed metering;
(5) after the first seed is sowed, the air pressure electromagnetic element receives a control unit signal to control the seed spoon cylinder to act, the seed spoon cylinder drives the rotating plate to rotate, the rotating plate drives the seed spoon cavity to rotate to the downward direction of a seed spoon cavity opening, the seeds are poured out, the seeds enter the inoculation opening on the seed cleaning device, meanwhile, the fan acts on the seed cleaning pipe to generate negative pressure, the seed cleaning pipe, the seed cleaning cavity and the inoculation opening are communicated to simultaneously generate negative pressure, the seed spoon cavity is poured into the inoculation opening to suck out the seeds under the action of the negative pressure, after the set seed cleaning duration is reached, the air pressure electromagnetic element receives the control unit signal to control the seed spoon cylinder to act, the seed spoon cylinder drives the rotating plate to rotate, the rotating plate drives the seed spoon cavity to rotate to the upward direction of the seed spoon cavity opening, the seed spoon is reset, and seed cleaning is completed;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (2), (3), (4) and (5) until all seeds for breeding are sown.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the seeds are placed in the seed bin, the closing of the bin door plate is started, the seeds are in the seed bin, when the seed bin works, the bin door plate is opened, the seeds enter the seed spoon through the seed tube, and the bin door plate is closed, so that the aim of isolating different seeds is fulfilled, and the continuous seed throwing and sowing of different seeds are realized;
single seed adsorption seeding is realized through the seeding device, and the seed scraping device scrapes and cleans the seed plate to realize fine seeding;
seed cleaning is realized through the seed cleaning device, continuous sowing and mixed seed cleaning of the next seed are realized, and redundant seeds are collected in a waste seed cylinder without wasting the residual seeds;
the device belongs to automatic control, realizes automatic seeding, seed discharging, seed clearing and other operations without manual intervention, and improves the seeding efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a small seed cell breeding precision seeding apparatus and a seeding method, including a seed bin 100, a seed spoon 200, a seeding device 300, a seed scraping device 400 and a seed cleaning device 500, wherein the seed bin 100, the seed spoon 200, the seeding device 300 and the seed scraping device 400 are all disposed on the seed cleaning device 500;
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the seed silo 100 includes a seed storage tube 110, a silo door cylinder 120 and a silo door plate 130, the silo door plate 130 is disposed below the seed storage tube 110, when the silo door plate 130 is in a closed state, a seed storage space is formed with the seed storage tube 110, seeds falling from the seed planter are temporarily stored in the space, and the silo door cylinder 120 is connected with the silo door plate 130 to drive the opening and closing of the silo door plate 130, so as to achieve the purpose of temporarily storing and falling seeds.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the seed scoop 200 includes a scoop cavity 210, a rotating plate 220, a seed scoop cylinder 230 and a fixing plate 240, one end of the fixing plate 240 is fixedly installed on the seed cleaning device 500, the other end is movably connected with the seed scoop cylinder 230, the lower end of the seed scoop cylinder 230 is movably connected with the rotating plate 220, the other end of the rotating plate 220 is connected with the scoop cavity 210 through a shaft, and the scoop cavity 210 is in a rising scoop shape and can catch falling seeds. During specific work, the opening and closing actions are generated when the seed spoon cylinder 230 receives signals, the spoon cavity 210 is driven to rotate, and when the seed is cleaned, the seeds can be completely poured out through the rotation of the spoon cavity 210.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the seed discharging device 300 comprises a seed plate 310, a driving wheel 320 and a negative pressure plate 330, the driving wheel 320 is connected with the seed plate 310 through a shaft passing through the seed cleaning device 500, the driving wheel 320 receives power transmitted by a land wheel of the seeder to drive the seed plate 310 to rotate, a circle of small through holes are arranged on the seed plate 310, one side of the seed plate is tightly attached to the spoon cavity 210, small holes on the seed plate 310 pass through the spoon cavity 210 when the seed plate 310 rotates, the negative pressure plate 330 is fixedly arranged on the seed cleaning device 500 and is tightly attached to the other side of the seed plate 310, an arc-shaped air pressure groove is arranged on the negative pressure plate 330 and corresponds to the positions of the small holes on the seed plate 310. The specific during operation, the fan produces the negative pressure, acts on the atmospheric pressure groove on the negative pressure dish 330, makes the aperture on the kind dish 310 produce the negative pressure, and the aperture can adsorb the seed of the inside on the aperture on kind dish 310 through spoon chamber 210 on the kind dish 310 is rotatory, and the aperture size is less than the seed, and the seed is adsorbed on kind dish 310 surface, and along with kind dish 310 is rotatory, the aperture that adsorbs the seed on it is rotatory to losing negative pressure dish 330 negative pressure adsorption below the seed metering ware, and the seed falls to arrange into in the kind ditch.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the seed scraping device 400 comprises a scraping plate 410, an adjusting pointer 420 and an adjusting disc 430, the seed scraping device 400 is installed between the seed sowing device 300 and the seed cleaning device 500, the scraping plate 410 is attached to one side of the seed disc 310 and is arranged above the spoon cavity 210, one end of the scraping plate 410 is installed on the adjusting disc 430 through a shaft, the other end of the scraping plate 410 is connected with the adjusting pointer 420, a circle of positioning holes are formed in the adjusting disc 430, the pointer of the adjusting pointer 420 is inserted into the positioning holes of the adjusting disc 430 to play a role in positioning the adjusting pointer 420, when the adjusting pointer 420 is shifted, the scraping plate 410 is driven to adjust the position, and the scraping plate 410 plays a role in scraping excess seeds brought by the seed falling.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the seed cleaning device 500 is provided with a seed receiving port 510, a seed cleaning cavity 520 and a seed cleaning tube 530, the seed receiving port 510 is located at the lower end of the seed cleaning device and located below the outlet of the spoon cavity 210 and can receive seeds poured out of the spoon cavity 210, the seed cleaning cavity 520 is located at the lower end of the seed cleaning device and communicated with the seed receiving port 510, the seed cleaning tube 530 is communicated with the seed cleaning cavity 520, and the seed cleaning tube 530 is connected with a fan to generate negative pressure to clean the seeds away.
The invention also comprises a seed metering device for small seed cell breeding and a seed metering method of the seed metering method, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a seeder is started, one seed metering device is correspondingly sown in one row, the seed metering device is in an idle state, firstly, a first seed is manually put into a seed separating device, the seeds are divided into a plurality of parts and enter a seed storing pipe 110 of the seed metering device along a seed discharging pipe, a bin gate plate 130 is in a closed state, and the seeds stay in a cavity formed by the seed storing pipe 110 and the bin gate plate 130;
secondly, the pneumatic electromagnetic element receives the signal of the control unit to act, the bin gate cylinder 120 is controlled to move, the bin gate plate 130 is driven to open, the first seed falls into the spoon cavity 210, the pneumatic electromagnetic element receives the signal of the control unit again after the seed completely falls to control the bin gate cylinder 120 to act, the bin gate plate 130 is closed, the second seed is added before the first seed is completely sowed manually, and the second seed is stored in the cavity formed by the seed storage tube 110 and the bin gate plate 130 due to the closing of the bin gate plate and cannot be mixed with the first seed;
thirdly, the fan acts on the negative pressure plate 330, the negative pressure plate 330 acts on the seed plate 310 to generate seed sucking negative pressure, and the small hole in the spoon cavity 210 on the seed plate 310 firstly sucks seeds;
fourthly, the seeder walks to drive the driving wheel 320 to rotate, the driving wheel 320 drives the seed plate 310 to rotate, small holes in the seed plate 310 sequentially absorb seeds through the seeds in the spoon cavity 210, then the seed plate 310 scrapes off redundant seeds attached to the seed plate 310 through the scraper 410 to ensure that one small hole absorbs one seed, the seed plate 310 continuously rotates to the lower part, the small hole adsorbing the seeds on the seed plate 310 is rotated out of the range of negative pressure generated by the air pressure groove of the negative pressure plate 330 on the seed suction small hole of the seed plate 310, and the seeds fall down to realize seed sowing;
fifthly, after the first seed is sown, the air pressure electromagnetic element receives a control unit signal to control the seed spoon air cylinder 230 to act, the seed spoon air cylinder 230 drives the rotating plate 220, the rotating plate 220 drives the seed spoon cavity 210 to rotate to the position that the mouth of the seed spoon cavity faces downwards, the seeds are poured out, the seeds enter the seed inoculating port 510 of the seed cleaning device 500, meanwhile, the fan acts on the seed cleaning pipe 530 to generate negative pressure, the seed cleaning pipe 530, the seed cleaning cavity 520 and the seed inoculating port 510 are communicated to simultaneously generate negative pressure, the seeds in the seed inoculating port 510 are poured into the seed spoon cavity 210 to be sucked out under the action of the negative pressure, after the set seed cleaning duration is reached, the air pressure electromagnetic element receives the control unit signal to control the seed spoon air cylinder 230 to act, the seed spoon air cylinder 230 drives the rotating plate 220 to rotate, the rotating plate 220 drives the seed spoon cavity 210 to rotate to the position that the;
and sixthly, repeating the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step until all seeds for breeding are sowed.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a seed metering ware is broadcast to little seed grain seed district breeding essence which characterized in that: comprises a seed bin, a seed spoon, a seed discharging device, a seed scraping device and a seed cleaning device; the seed bin, the seed spoon, the seed discharging device and the seed scraping device are all arranged on the seed cleaning device; the seed spoon comprises a spoon cavity, a rotating plate, a seed spoon cylinder and a fixing plate; the seed scraping device comprises a scraping plate, an adjusting pointer and an adjusting disc; the seed cleaning device is provided with an inoculation port, a seed cleaning cavity and a seed cleaning pipe.
2. The small-kernel seed cell breeding and fine-seeding seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seed bin comprises a seed storage tube, a bin gate cylinder and a bin gate plate, wherein the bin gate plate is arranged below the seed storage tube, and the bin gate cylinder is connected with the bin gate plate.
3. The small-kernel seed cell breeding and fine-seeding seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the seed spoon, one end of the fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the seed cleaning device, the other end of the fixed plate is movably connected with the seed spoon cylinder, the lower end of the seed spoon cylinder is movably connected with the rotating plate, the other end of the rotating plate is connected with the spoon cavity through a shaft, and the spoon cavity is in a spoon shape rising upwards.
4. The small-kernel seed cell breeding and fine-seeding seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: seed metering device includes kind of dish, drive wheel and negative pressure dish, the drive wheel through pass clear kind of device the axle with kind of dish is connected, be equipped with the little through-hole of round on the kind of dish, kind of dish one side with the tight laminating in spoon chamber, the aperture on it passes through when kind of dish is rotatory spoon intracavity, negative pressure dish fixed mounting be in on the clear kind of device, with kind of dish opposite side is closely laminated, it has arc atmospheric pressure groove to open on the negative pressure dish, with the aperture position that is equipped with on kind of dish corresponds, be equipped with the trachea on the negative pressure dish and be connected with the fan.
5. The small-kernel seed cell breeding and fine-seeding seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seed scraping device is installed between the seed metering device and the seed cleaning device, the scraper blade is attached to one side of the seed plate and arranged above the spoon cavity, one end of the scraper blade is installed on the adjusting disc through a shaft, the other end of the scraper blade is connected with the adjusting pointer, a circle of positioning hole is formed in the adjusting disc, and the adjusting pointer is inserted into the positioning hole of the adjusting disc.
6. The small-kernel seed cell breeding and fine-seeding seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seed receiving port on the seed cleaning device is positioned at the lower end of the seed cleaning device and below the outlet of the spoon cavity, the seed cleaning cavity is positioned at the lower end of the seed cleaning device and communicated with the seed receiving port, the seed cleaning pipe is communicated with the seed cleaning cavity, and the seed cleaning pipe is connected with the fan.
7. The seed metering method of the small-kernel seed cell breeding precision-seeding seed metering device of claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the seeding machine is started, the seed metering device is in an idle state, a first seed is manually thrown into the seed distributing device, the seeds are evenly distributed into a plurality of parts to enter the seed storage tube of the seed metering device along the seed sowing tube, the bin gate plate is in a closed state at the moment, and the seeds stay in a cavity formed by the seed storage tube and the bin gate plate;
(2) the pneumatic electromagnetic element receives the signal action of the control unit, controls the bin gate cylinder to move, further drives the bin gate plate to open, a first seed falls into the spoon cavity, the pneumatic electromagnetic element receives the signal of the control unit again after the seed completely falls, controls the bin gate cylinder to act, the bin gate plate is closed, and a second seed can be added before the bin gate plate closes the first seed and is completely sowed manually;
(3) the fan acts on the negative pressure plate, the negative pressure plate acts on the seed plate to generate seed sucking negative pressure, and a small hole in the seed plate in the spoon cavity firstly sucks seeds;
(4) the seeder walks to drive the driving wheel to rotate, the driving wheel drives the seed plate to rotate, small holes in the seed plate sequentially absorb seeds through the seeds in the spoon cavities, then the seed plate scrapes off redundant seeds attached to the seed plate through the scraper, the seed plate continuously rotates to the lower part, the small holes adsorbing the seeds on the seed plate are rotated out of the range of negative pressure generated by the negative pressure plate air pressure grooves on the seed sucking small holes of the seed plate, and the seeds fall down to realize seed metering;
(5) after the first seed is sowed, the air pressure electromagnetic element receives a control unit signal to control the seed spoon cylinder to act, the seed spoon cylinder drives the rotating plate to rotate, the rotating plate drives the seed spoon cavity to rotate until a seed spoon cavity opening faces downwards, the seeds are poured out, the seeds enter the inoculation opening in the seed cleaning device, the seed cleaning pipe, the seed cleaning cavity and the inoculation opening are communicated, the seed spoon cavity is poured into the inoculation opening under the action of negative pressure to suck out the seeds, after the set seed cleaning duration is reached, the air pressure electromagnetic element receives the control unit signal to control the seed spoon cylinder to act, the seed spoon cylinder drives the rotating plate to rotate, the rotating plate drives the seed spoon cavity to rotate until the seed spoon cavity opening faces upwards, the seed spoon is reset, and seed cleaning is completed;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (2), (3), (4) and (5) until all seeds for breeding are sown.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010158351.0A CN111406476A (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Seed sowing device and method for small-seed cell breeding and precision sowing |
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| CN202010158351.0A CN111406476A (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Seed sowing device and method for small-seed cell breeding and precision sowing |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113711736A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-30 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Seed metering ware of directional seed suction and metering |
| CN113906870A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-11 | 贵州省草地技术试验推广站 | Particle seed precision seeding device |
| CN114287211A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-08 | 酒泉市林德机械制造有限责任公司 | Corn film-laying precision seeder |
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| CN113906870A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-11 | 贵州省草地技术试验推广站 | Particle seed precision seeding device |
| CN114287211A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-08 | 酒泉市林德机械制造有限责任公司 | Corn film-laying precision seeder |
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