CN221080261U

CN221080261U - Battery box and battery module

Info

Publication number: CN221080261U
Application number: CN202322700127.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛玉丽; 高灵雷; 董少锁; 翟文波; 张伟; 刘浩; 陈剑
Original assignee: Hefei Guoxuan High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hefei Gotion High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-08
Filing date: 2023-10-08
Publication date: 2024-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-08

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery box and a battery module, belonging to the technical field of new energy batteries, wherein the battery box comprises a battery shell and a heat insulation layer, the battery shell is used for accommodating the battery module, the heat insulation layer is arranged in the battery shell, the inner part of the battery shell is divided into a plurality of mutually independent closed type isolation cavities, the isolation cavities are used for accommodating single batteries, an independent air guide channel is arranged between the battery shell and the heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer is provided with a weak part which can be broken by air, and an air outlet part of the air guide channel is communicated with a closed pressure release chamber. According to the utility model, when a single battery is in thermal runaway at a certain position and a large amount of high-temperature gas is generated, the weak part of the heat insulation layer can be opened in time, and the high-temperature gas is led into the closed pressure release chamber through the gas guide channel, so that other single batteries affecting other normal work at high temperature can be avoided, the thermal spread is prevented, and the safety performance of the whole battery module is ensured.

Description

Battery box and battery module

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, in particular to a battery box and a battery module.

Background

The power battery system is used as a key component for energy storage of the electric automobile, and the safety performance of the power battery system directly influences the whole automobile safety of the electric automobile. As the amount of maintenance in electric vehicles increases, fire events due to mechanical, electrical, heating, or management system failures also frequently occur. The power battery system belongs to a high-energy chemical system, and various side reactions can be initiated in the battery cell in the thermal runaway process to form high-temperature gas flame injection. Meanwhile, because the space structure of the battery system is limited, the module layout is compact, the wire harnesses are stacked, the thermal runaway high-temperature flame is difficult to remove to the outside of the box body in a short time, and a large amount of heat remains to enable the normal battery core to be subjected to thermal shock, the whole battery system is finally caused to be in thermal spread, and great damage is caused to vehicles or personnel.

Disclosure of utility model

1. Problems to be solved

Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway of a battery cell in a battery system cannot be discharged in time, so that the whole battery system is in thermal spread, and a larger danger is caused, the utility model provides the battery box body.

2. Technical proposal

In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.

A battery box body comprises a battery shell body and a heat insulation layer,

The battery shell is used for accommodating the battery module, the heat insulation layer is arranged in the battery shell, the inner part of the battery shell is divided into a plurality of mutually independent closed type isolation cavities, the isolation cavities are used for accommodating single batteries,

An independent air guide channel is arranged between the battery shell and the heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer is provided with a weak part which can be broken by air, and an air outlet of the air guide channel is communicated with a closed pressure release chamber.

Further, the weak part of the heat insulation layer and the air guide channel are positioned at the bottom of the battery shell, and the closed pressure release chamber is positioned at one side in the battery shell.

Further, the battery case includes a frame constituting the peripheral side wall, and a composite material skin closing the frame.

Further, the closed pressure relief chamber is surrounded by the frame and a composite skin.

Further, the air guide channel is formed by a groove formed in the bottom composite material skin, and a fireproof heat insulation material layer is paved in the groove.

Further, the grooves on the composite material skin are formed by die compression molding.

Further, the air guide channels are provided with a plurality of closed pressure release chambers, and the closed pressure release chambers and the air guide channels are in one-to-one correspondence.

Further, a pressure release opening device is arranged corresponding to the closed pressure release chamber and used for releasing the gas in the closed pressure release chamber.

A battery module comprises the battery box body, and at least one single battery is accommodated in the isolation cavity.

Further, a pressure release valve is arranged on the single battery, and the pressure release valve is correspondingly arranged at a position close to the weak part.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

According to the battery box body provided by the utility model, the heat insulation layer is arranged in the battery box body to form the closed type isolation cavity for independently accommodating the single battery, the air guide channel and the closed pressure release chamber are arranged corresponding to the weak part of the heat insulation layer, when a great amount of high-temperature gas is generated by the single battery in a thermal runaway way, the weak part of the heat insulation layer can be opened in time, the high-temperature gas is guided into the closed pressure release chamber through the air guide channel, other single batteries which affect other normal work at high temperature can be avoided, the heat is prevented from spreading, and the safety performance of the whole battery module is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram (a) of the structure of a battery case in embodiment 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram (ii) of the structure of the battery case in embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 at A;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery case in embodiment 1.

In the figure:

1. A battery case; 101. a frame; 102. a composite skin; 103. a groove; 2. a thermal insulation layer; 201. an isolation chamber; 202. a weak portion; 3. a single battery; 4. an air guide channel; 5. closing the pressure release chamber; 6. a pressure relief opening device; 7. and a pressure release valve.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described with reference to the following examples in order to facilitate the understanding of the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the objects and the effects achieved by the utility model.

Example 1

This embodiment proposes a battery box, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, including the battery casing 1 that is used for holding battery module, be provided with insulating layer 2 in the battery casing 1, can divide into a plurality of mutually independent closed isolation chamber 201 with battery casing 1 inside, isolation chamber 201 is used for holding battery cell 3, and insulating layer 2 can be according to battery cell 3's shape design into various forms. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the battery case 1 includes a frame 101 constituting a peripheral side wall, and a composite material skin 102 closing the frame 101.

In order to collect and discharge high-temperature gas in time when a large amount of high-temperature gas is generated in the battery box body in a thermal runaway manner, an independent gas guide channel 4 is arranged between the battery shell 1 and the heat insulation layer 2 in the embodiment, therefore, when a large amount of high-temperature gas is generated in the battery box body in the thermal runaway manner in the battery box body, the heat insulation layer 2 can be broken through by the high-temperature gas when the high-temperature gas is generated in the sealed type isolation cavity 201, the high-temperature gas enters the gas guide channel 4, the gas guide channel 4 is formed by a groove 103 formed in the bottom composite material skin 102, a fireproof heat insulation material layer is paved in the groove 103, and in addition, the groove 103 in the composite material skin 102 can be formed through die compression molding.

In one possible embodiment, to assist the high temperature gas to enter the gas guide channel 4 timely, as shown in fig. 3, the gas guide channel 4 facing the heat insulation layer 2 has a weak portion 202 that can be broken by the gas, specifically, the weak portion 202 of the heat insulation layer 2 and the gas guide channel 4 may be located at the bottom of the battery case 1, in addition, in order to receive the high temperature gas in the gas guide channel 4, a closed pressure release chamber 5 is communicated at the gas outlet of the gas guide channel 4, the closed pressure release chamber 5 is located at one side in the battery case 1, and the closed pressure release chamber 5 may be surrounded by the frame 101 and the composite material skin 102.

In addition, in this embodiment, a pressure release opening device 6 is provided corresponding to the closed pressure release chamber 5, so that the gas in the closed pressure release chamber 5 can be released through the pressure release opening device 6 when the amount of the high-temperature gas accumulated in the closed pressure release chamber 5 reaches a certain amount.

In one possible embodiment, the number of the air guide channels 4 is several, the number of the closed pressure release chambers 5 is also several, the closed pressure release chambers 5 are in one-to-one correspondence with the air guide channels 4, or the number of the air guide channels 4 is several, the number of the closed pressure release chambers 5 is also several, but a plurality of the air guide channels 4 are correspondingly communicated with one closed pressure release chamber 5.

According to the battery box body provided by the utility model, the heat insulation layer 2 is arranged in the battery shell 1 to form the closed type isolation cavity 201 for independently accommodating the single batteries 3, the air guide channel 4 and the closed pressure release chamber 5 are arranged corresponding to the weak part 202 of the heat insulation layer 2, when a great amount of high-temperature gas is generated in the single batteries 3, the weak part 202 of the heat insulation layer 2 can be opened in time, the high-temperature gas is led into the closed pressure release chamber 5 through the air guide channel 4, other single batteries 3 which affect other normal work at high temperature can be avoided, the heat spreading is prevented, and the safety performance of the whole battery module is ensured.

Example 2

The present embodiment proposes a battery case, as shown in fig. 1, which includes the battery case of embodiment 1, in which at least one unit cell 3 is accommodated in an isolation chamber 201.

Similar to the conventional battery, as shown in fig. 3, the pressure release valve 7 is disposed on the single battery 3, and the pressure release valve 7 in this embodiment is correspondingly disposed near the weak portion 202, so that when the single battery 3 generates high-temperature gas in a thermal runaway manner, the high-temperature gas can quickly break through the weak portion 202 of the heat insulation layer 2, and thus enters the air guide channel 4.

In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the utility model and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the patent.

In this patent, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, either permanently connected, removably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the terms in this patent will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is to be limited to the appended claims. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A battery box body, which comprises a battery shell body (1) and a heat insulation layer (2), and is characterized in that,

The battery shell (1) is used for accommodating a battery module, the heat insulation layer (2) is arranged inside the battery shell (1), the inside of the battery shell (1) is divided into a plurality of mutually independent closed type isolation cavities (201), the isolation cavities (201) are used for accommodating single batteries (3),

An independent air guide channel (4) is arranged between the battery shell (1) and the heat insulation layer (2), the heat insulation layer (2) is provided with a weak part (202) which can be broken by air on the surface of the air guide channel (4), and an air outlet of the air guide channel (4) is communicated with a closed pressure release chamber (5).

2. The battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that the weak portion (202) of the insulating layer (2) and the air guide channel (4) are located at the bottom of the battery housing (1), and the closed pressure release chamber (5) is located at one side inside the battery housing (1).

3. The battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that the battery housing (1) comprises a frame (101) constituting a peripheral side wall, and a composite skin (102) closing the frame (101).

4. A battery compartment according to claim 3, characterized in that the closed pressure relief chamber (5) is enclosed by the frame (101) and a composite skin (102).

5. A battery box according to claim 3, characterized in that the air guide channel (4) is formed by a groove (103) provided in the bottom composite skin (102), which groove (103) is internally provided with a layer of fireproof and heat insulating material.

6. The battery box according to claim 5, characterized in that the recess (103) in the composite skin (102) is formed by die molding.

7. The battery box according to claim 1, wherein the air guide channels (4) are provided with a plurality of closed pressure release chambers (5) and the air guide channels (4) in one-to-one correspondence.

8. Battery compartment according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that a pressure relief opening device (6) is provided in correspondence of the closed pressure relief chamber (5) for releasing the gas in the closed pressure relief chamber (5).

9. A battery module comprising the battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the isolation chamber (201) accommodates at least one unit cell (3).

10. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein the single battery (3) is provided with a pressure release valve (7), and the pressure release valve (7) is correspondingly arranged near the weak portion (202).