CN220358230U - Anti-runaway device and battery assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a runaway prevention device and a battery assembly, and belongs to the technical field of design of thermal runaway of battery cores. The anti-runaway device comprises a box body, a plurality of heat insulating plates, a plurality of ventilation components and a sensor, wherein the box body comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the top plate, the plurality of heat insulating plates are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals, a battery cell module is arranged between adjacent heat insulating plates, the plurality of ventilation components are arranged in the plurality of mounting holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner and used for opening and sealing the mounting holes, and the sensor is respectively electrically connected with the plurality of ventilation components and the plurality of battery cell modules. In the anti-runaway device, when the sensor detects that thermal runaway occurs, the sensor controls the corresponding ventilation component which generates thermal runaway to be opened, so that heat is released to the outside, other cell modules which do not generate thermal runaway are protected after the thermal runaway occurs, and the explosion of the cell modules which do not generate thermal runaway is prevented by the closed space of the battery assembly.

Description

Anti-runaway device and battery assembly

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal runaway of an electric core, in particular to a runaway prevention device and a battery assembly.

Background

In recent years, with the increase of sales of new energy electric vehicles and the popularization and application of high-nickel system batteries, the frequency of serious safety accidents such as fire of electric vehicles also shows a remarkable rising trend, and among the reasons of the safety accidents of the electric vehicles, problems caused by thermal runaway of the batteries are relatively high.

From the lithium ion power battery, the thermal runaway is mainly caused by the fact that heat generated by internal short circuit, side reaction and the like of the battery cannot be timely dissipated, so that the heat in the battery is continuously accumulated, the temperature of the single battery is rapidly increased, and the ignition of the battery pack or the explosion of the whole vehicle can be seriously caused.

There are hundreds of cells in the lithium ion battery pack, so long as one cell has a higher temperature, the problem is not solved, but the side reactions are generated in the cells when the temperature is high, and the side reactions are mostly exothermic, then the side reactions have higher temperature, the side reactions with higher temperature, the new side reactions with higher temperature, and the side reactions with higher temperature and … chain reactions with higher temperature can be called thermal accumulation before reaching a certain critical point. After the critical point is reached, the form cannot be reversed, so that the thermal runaway of the battery cells is formed, a large amount of heat is emitted from the thermal runaway of the individual battery cells, the surrounding battery cells are heated to the critical temperature, the thermal runaway also occurs, after the phenomenon of core transmission occurs, the battery cells quickly spread to the whole battery cell module, the situation is serious, and the loss is unavoidable.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent, and can improve the safety of the battery pack on the premise of not influencing the quality of the battery pack.

To this end, an embodiment of one aspect of the present utility model proposes a runaway prevention device.

Embodiments of another aspect of the present utility model also provide a battery assembly.

An runaway prevention device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model comprises: the box body comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the top plate; the heat insulation plates are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals, and a battery cell module is arranged between the adjacent heat insulation plates; the ventilation assemblies are arranged in the mounting holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner and used for opening and sealing the mounting holes; the sensor is electrically connected with the plurality of ventilation assemblies and the plurality of battery cell modules respectively, the sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the battery cell modules, the sensor is used for transmitting corresponding electric signals to the plurality of ventilation assemblies according to the detected temperature, and the ventilation assemblies are used for opening and sealing the mounting holes according to the received electric signals.

According to the anti-runaway device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the plurality of heat insulation plates are arranged on the bottom plate in the box body, the electric core modules are arranged between the adjacent heat insulation plates, and the electric core modules are also fixed on the bottom plate. Therefore, the plurality of insulating plates effectively separate the plurality of cell modules from each other, and when one cell module is out of control, the phenomenon of core transfer is effectively prevented. A plurality of ventilation assemblies are arranged on a top plate in the box body, each cell module is at least corresponding to one ventilation assembly, when one cell module is out of control, the sensor controls the ventilation assembly above the cell module to be opened, heat is effectively radiated, heat is released to the outside, other cell modules which are not out of control are protected after the occurrence of the thermal runaway, and explosion of the cell module caused by the thermal runaway in a closed space of the battery assembly is prevented.

In some embodiments, a plurality of the mounting holes are arranged at intervals on the top plate in the length direction of the top plate; and a row of mounting holes are arranged between adjacent heat insulation plates on the projection surface of the bottom plate.

In some embodiments, the anti-runaway device further includes a plurality of cushioning members, the plurality of cushioning members are disposed in the plurality of mounting holes in a one-to-one correspondence, and the cushioning members are provided with ventilation holes; the ventilation assemblies are arranged in the ventilation holes of the cushioning members in a one-to-one correspondence manner and used for opening and sealing the ventilation holes.

In some embodiments, the damping member is a ring, the damping member is made of rubber, a portion of the damping member is located in the case, and another portion of the damping member is located outside the case.

In some embodiments, the vent assembly includes a drive mechanism disposed within the cushioning member and a baffle disposed within the vent hole, the drive mechanism being coupled to the baffle to drive the baffle to open and seal the vent hole.

In some embodiments, a mounting cavity and a receiving cavity are arranged in the cushioning member, the receiving cavity extends from the inside of the vent hole to the inside of the cushioning member, and the mounting cavity is arranged in the inside of the cushioning member and is communicated with the receiving cavity; the driving mechanism is arranged in the mounting cavity, and the baffle is slidably arranged in the accommodating cavity.

In some embodiments, the number of baffles is two, and the two baffles are disposed in the vent hole in abutment with each other.

In some embodiments, the vent assembly further comprises a connecting rod connecting the drive mechanism and the baffle.

In some embodiments, the cushioning member comprises a first member and a second member, the first member and the second member being coupled to each other to encase the drive mechanism.

A battery assembly according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model comprises a runaway prevention device according to any of the embodiments described above.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. Other features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a runaway prevention device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the runaway prevention device of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the runaway prevention device of fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of the damping member of the runaway prevention device of FIG. 1.

Fig. 5 is a radial cross-sectional view of the damping member of the runaway prevention device of fig. 1.

Reference numerals:

the anti-runaway device 100, the cell module 101, the box body 10, the bottom plate 11, the top plate 12, the mounting hole 13, the heat insulation plate 20, the ventilation assembly 30, the driving mechanism 31, the baffle plate 32, the connecting rod 33, the damping member 40, the ventilation hole 41, the mounting cavity 42 and the storage cavity 43.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In order to solve one of the technical problems in the related art, the safety of the battery pack can be improved on the premise of not affecting the quality of the battery pack.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a runaway prevention device, which is characterized in that after a cell module is separated by using a heat insulation plate, ventilation assemblies are respectively and independently arranged on the cell module, and when a single cell or a single cell module is subjected to thermal runaway, better heat insulation and exhaust effects can be achieved, so that the whole battery pack is not burnt or exploded due to the influence of a core transmission core. Meanwhile, the ventilation component is provided with the damping part, the damping part can effectively reduce external impact, and the battery is damaged by jolt. The anti-runaway device uses the heat insulation plate, the ventilation assembly and the cushioning member, so that better heat insulation and ventilation can be realized, and heat can be emitted.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the runaway prevention device 100 according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model includes a case 10, a plurality of heat insulation plates 20, a plurality of vent assemblies 30, and a sensor (not shown).

The case 10 includes a bottom plate 11 and a top plate 12, and a plurality of mounting holes 13 are provided in the top plate 12. The plurality of heat insulation plates 20 are arranged on the bottom plate 11 at intervals, and the cell modules 101 are arranged between the adjacent heat insulation plates 20.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the case 10 is a square case, a plurality of heat insulation plates 20 are provided in the case 10, the length of the heat insulation plates 20 is substantially identical to the width of the case 10, and the height of the heat insulation plates 20 is substantially identical to the height of the case 10. Thus, the plurality of insulating panels 20 divide the housing 10 into a plurality of individual cavities, each of which can receive a set of cell modules 101 therein.

A plurality of vent assemblies 30 are provided in the plurality of mounting holes 13 in one-to-one correspondence for opening and sealing the mounting holes 13.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-3, at least one mounting hole 13 is provided on the top plate 12 above each group of the battery cell modules 101, and the ventilation assembly 30 is installed in the mounting hole 13. The sensors are respectively electrically connected with the plurality of ventilation assemblies 30 and the plurality of cell modules 101, the sensors are used for detecting the temperature of the cell modules 101, the sensors are used for transmitting corresponding electric signals to the plurality of ventilation assemblies 30 according to the detected temperature, and the ventilation assemblies 30 are used for opening and sealing the mounting holes 13 according to the received electric signals.

According to the runaway prevention device 100 of the embodiment of the present utility model, by providing a plurality of heat insulation plates 20 on the bottom plate 11 in the case 10, the cell module 101 is also fixed on the bottom plate 11 between adjacent heat insulation plates 20 for installing the cell module 101. Thus, the plurality of insulating plates 20 effectively separate the plurality of cell modules 101 from each other, and core transfer is effectively prevented when thermal runaway occurs in one of the cell modules 101. The top plate 12 in the box body 10 is provided with a plurality of ventilation assemblies 30, each cell module 101 at least corresponds to one ventilation assembly 30, when one cell module 101 is out of control, the sensor controls the ventilation assembly 30 above the cell module to be opened, so that heat is effectively radiated, the heat is released to the outside, other cell modules 101 which are not out of control are protected after the out of control occurs, and the explosion of the cell modules 101 which are out of control is prevented by the closed space of the battery assembly.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-3, a plurality of mounting holes 13 are arranged in a spaced apart relationship on the top plate 12 along the length of the top plate 12. A row of mounting holes 13 are provided between adjacent heat shields 20 on the projection surface of the base plate 11.

It will be appreciated that the diameter of the mounting holes 13 is much smaller than the width of the case 10, and thus, a plurality of mounting holes 13 may be provided on the top plate 12 above each group of the cell modules 101 in the width direction of the case 10. Thereby, the heat dissipation efficiency of the runaway prevention device 100 is effectively improved.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-5, the anti-runaway device 100 further includes a plurality of shock absorbing members 40, where the shock absorbing members 40 are disposed in the plurality of mounting holes 13 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the shock absorbing members 40 are provided with ventilation holes 41. The plurality of ventilation assemblies 30 are provided in the ventilation holes 41 of the plurality of cushioning members 40 in one-to-one correspondence for opening and sealing the ventilation holes 41.

It is understood that the damping member 40 is installed in the mounting hole 13, and one side of the damping member 40 may abut against the battery module 101. Thus, the shock absorbing member 40 can effectively fix the cell module 101, and the stability of the cell module 101 in the case 10 is improved.

A vent hole 41 is provided at the center position of the cushioning member 40, and the vent assembly 30 is provided in the vent hole 41.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-5, the shock absorbing member 40 is a ring, the shock absorbing member 40 is made of rubber, a part of the shock absorbing member 40 is located inside the case 10, and another part of the shock absorbing member 40 is located outside the case 10.

It can be understood that the cushioning member 40 is a circular rubber with the ventilation assembly 30 in the middle, and utilizes the elasticity of the rubber to play a role in cushioning the cell module 101, so as to reduce damage to the cell module 101 caused by external hard collision and jolt.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4-5, the breather assembly 30 includes a drive mechanism 31 and a baffle 32. The driving mechanism 31 is provided in the shock absorbing member 40, the shutter 32 is provided in the vent hole 41, and the driving mechanism 31 is connected to the shutter 32 to drive the shutter 32 to open and seal the vent hole 41.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, a mounting cavity 42 and a receiving cavity 43 are provided in the cushioning member 40, the receiving cavity 43 extends from within the vent hole 41 toward the inside of the cushioning member 40, and the mounting cavity 42 is provided inside the cushioning member 40 and communicates with the receiving cavity 43. The drive mechanism 31 is disposed within the mounting cavity 42 and the shutter 32 is slidably disposed within the receiving cavity 43.

It can be appreciated that the driving mechanism 31 is disposed in the cushioning member 40, so that the driving mechanism 31 is not easily affected by the external environment, and the stability and safety of the driving mechanism 31 are effectively improved.

Preferably, the driving mechanism 31 is a telescopic motor, and the driving mechanism 31 can pull the baffle 32 to move.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4-5, the number of baffles 32 is two, with two baffles 32 disposed in the vent 41 in abutment with each other.

It will be appreciated that the driving mechanism 31 and the baffle 32 are two, which is beneficial to improving the working efficiency of the ventilation assembly 30 and better dissipating heat.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4-5, the breather assembly 30 further includes a connecting rod 33, the connecting rod 33 connecting the drive mechanism 31 and the baffle 32.

In some embodiments, cushioning member 40 comprises a first component and a second component that are coupled to each other to encase drive mechanism 31.

It can be understood that the cushioning member 40 is formed by an upper portion and a lower portion, the upper portion and the lower portion are identical in shape, the upper portion and the lower portion wrap the driving mechanism 31, and finally, the driving mechanism 31 is thermally fixed, so that stability and safety of the driving mechanism 31 are effectively improved.

The battery assembly according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present utility model includes the runaway prevention device 100 of any of the above embodiments.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A runaway prevention device, comprising:

the box body comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the top plate;

the heat insulation plates are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals, and a battery cell module is arranged between the adjacent heat insulation plates;

the ventilation assemblies are arranged in the mounting holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner and used for opening and sealing the mounting holes;

the sensor is electrically connected with the plurality of ventilation assemblies and the plurality of battery cell modules respectively, the sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the battery cell modules, the sensor is used for transmitting corresponding electric signals to the plurality of ventilation assemblies according to the detected temperature, and the ventilation assemblies are used for opening and sealing the mounting holes according to the received electric signals.

2. A runaway prevention apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said mounting holes are arranged in a longitudinal direction of said top plate at intervals;

and a row of mounting holes are arranged between adjacent heat insulation plates on the projection surface of the bottom plate.

3. A runaway prevention device according to claim 2, further comprising a plurality of shock absorbing members, wherein the shock absorbing members are disposed in the mounting holes in a one-to-one correspondence, and vent holes are provided in the shock absorbing members;

the ventilation assemblies are arranged in the ventilation holes of the cushioning members in a one-to-one correspondence manner and used for opening and sealing the ventilation holes.

4. A runaway prevention device according to claim 3, wherein the shock absorbing member is a ring, the shock absorbing member is made of rubber, a part of the shock absorbing member is located in the case, and another part of the shock absorbing member is located outside the case.

5. A runaway prevention apparatus, according to claim 4, in which said vent assembly comprises a drive mechanism and a baffle, said drive mechanism being disposed within said cushioning member and said baffle being disposed within said vent, said drive mechanism and said baffle being connected to drive said baffle to open and seal said vent.

6. A runaway prevention device as defined in claim 5, wherein a mounting cavity and a receiving cavity are provided in the cushioning member, the receiving cavity extending from within the vent hole to the inside of the cushioning member, the mounting cavity being provided inside the cushioning member and communicating with the receiving cavity;

the driving mechanism is arranged in the mounting cavity, and the baffle is slidably arranged in the accommodating cavity.

7. A runaway prevention device, according to claim 6, wherein there are two baffles, the two baffles being disposed in the vent hole in abutment with each other.

8. A runaway prevention device, according to claim 6, wherein said vent assembly further comprises a connecting rod connecting said drive mechanism and said baffle.

9. A runaway prevention device, according to claim 6, wherein said cushioning member comprises a first member and a second member, said first member and said second member being connected to each other to encase said drive mechanism.

10. A battery assembly comprising a runaway prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.