CN114421086A - Automobile power lithium ion battery module structure - Google Patents
Automobile power lithium ion battery module structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114421086A CN114421086A CN202111637384.4A CN202111637384A CN114421086A CN 114421086 A CN114421086 A CN 114421086A CN 202111637384 A CN202111637384 A CN 202111637384A CN 114421086 A CN114421086 A CN 114421086A
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- lithium ion
- cooling oil
- ion battery
- power lithium
- oil flow
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automobile power lithium ion battery module structure applied to the technical field of automobile power lithium ion batteries, wherein a module box body (2) and a heat insulation plate (21) of the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure form a plurality of installation cavities (22), each installation cavity (22) is set into a structure capable of being inserted with one battery cell (3), the module box body (2) and the heat insulation plate (21) are both set into structures made of heat insulation plates, and the upper part of the module box body (2) is provided with a cooling oil flow passage (4). The safety of drivers and passengers is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile power lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to an automobile power lithium ion battery module structure.
Background
The lithium ion power battery is the most widely applied one in new energy automobiles, maintains the high-speed development situation under the support of national policies, continuously breaks through important technical problems, and gradually enlarges the processing and manufacturing industry and the sale scale. In use, the lithium ion battery can generate a little heat due to internal resistance and chemical reaction, and the temperature influence is large in the charging and discharging process of the battery, if the lithium ion battery deviates from a proper working temperature range, the service life of the battery is reduced, the capacity of the battery is reduced, and PET film decomposition and even short circuit can be induced under severe conditions, so that fire disasters are caused. Therefore, battery thermal management has been one of the first problems to be solved in power lithium ion battery applications. In addition, the most problematic problem for lithium batteries is due to thermal runaway caused by various factors, which are generally: overcharge and overdischarge of the battery, and receiving of pressure, puncture, and the like. After thermal runaway of a single cell occurs, the contained energy is released in the form of heat in a very short time and is discharged along with the generation of a large amount of gas injection. If no proper measures are taken, the heat generated by the thermal runaway cell can be quickly transferred to the adjacent cell, the thermal runaway is also caused by the overhigh temperature, and the thermal runaway diffusion can cause more serious consequences. According to the corresponding standard of national departure, the time of more than five minutes is reserved for the passengers to escape from the vehicle after the battery is thermally out of control and the passengers are alarmed. This presents a high challenge to heat control in extreme situations. In heat management, air cooling, water cooling and oil cooling are common, so that the air cooling cost is the lowest, and the water cooling is the most widely applied. Air cooling generally adopts the forced convection means, and a large amount of air is introduced into the battery pack to take away surplus heat. However, the density of air is very small, so the amount of heat that can be taken away within a certain period of time is limited, and the air cooling effect is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, so the air cooling effect is often unsatisfactory. The common water-cooling mode is laid at battery module bottom or side through the form of cold plate, has avoided the potential safety hazard that the electric conductivity of water brought on the one hand, and on the other hand water possess higher density and specific heat capacity, excellent performance in the aspect of temperature control. Water cooling is overwhelming with possible thermal runaway problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure has the advantages that the structure is simple, the cost is low, the battery module can be reliably cooled, too much space is not occupied, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, the speed of heat transfer between the battery cores is effectively delayed, the phenomenon that the temperature of the battery cores adjacent to a fault battery core is too high and thermal runaway diffusion is caused is avoided, the thermal runaway control is ensured to meet requirements, and the safety of drivers and passengers is guaranteed.
To solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to an automobile power lithium ion battery module structure, wherein a plurality of heat insulation plates are arranged in a module box body of the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure according to gaps, the module box body and the heat insulation plates form a plurality of installation cavities, each installation cavity is arranged to be capable of being inserted with an electric core, the module box body and the heat insulation plates are both arranged to be made of heat insulation plates, a cooling oil flow channel is arranged at the upper part of the module box body, each opening at the bottom of the cooling oil flow channel is arranged to be capable of being clamped at a position of one electric core corresponding to one electrode, and a busbar of an automobile power lithium ion battery is arranged to be capable of being immersed in cooling oil of the cooling oil flow channel.
When each opening at the bottom of a cooling oil flow channel of the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure is clamped at a position where one electric core corresponds to one electrode, a heat insulation and insulation gasket (heat insulation sealing piece) is arranged at the joint of the cooling oil flow channel and the electrode.
The module box body of the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure is arranged in the battery cell shell, a combustible gas discharge channel is arranged on the battery cell shell, and the combustible gas discharge channel is communicated with the opening of the pressure valve.
The cooling oil flow channels in the module box body comprise two cooling oil flow channels, each opening at the bottom of one cooling oil flow channel is clamped at one position, and each opening at the bottom of the other cooling oil flow channel is clamped at one position.
The bending part of the module top cover is arranged to be of a structure capable of being connected with the module box body, and when the bending part of the module top cover is connected with the module box body, each cooling oil flow channel is arranged to be of a structure capable of being clamped in one flow channel positioning groove.
And one side of each cooling oil flow passage is provided with a cooling oil flow passage oil inlet interface, and the other side of each cooling oil flow passage is provided with a cooling oil flow passage oil outlet interface.
The bottom of each heat insulation plate in the module box body is welded with the bottom of the module box body, and the side face of each heat insulation plate is welded with the inner side face of the module box body.
A distribution channel is arranged between the two cooling oil flow channels, and a busbar arrangement opening is arranged at the position of the bending part arranged on the side surface of the module top cover.
And the cooling oil flow channel oil inlet interface and the cooling oil flow channel oil outlet interface are respectively communicated with a battery pack cooling oil main pipeline.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
the invention provides an improved scheme aiming at the defects in the prior art. In the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure, many related manufacturers do not pay considerable attention to emergency measures of thermal runaway. After the thermal runaway of the battery core, one of the most obvious characteristics is the rapid increase of heat. In order to avoid thermal runaway diffusion, the speed of heat transfer between the cells should be slowed down as much as possible and the heat generated by the thermal runaway cells should be discharged out of the affected area in a short time, so as to prevent the temperature of adjacent cells from reaching the decomposition temperature of the PET film. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a novel oil-cooled battery module structure. The most remarkable characteristics of the structure are two: firstly, an oil cooling structure is adopted, a flow passage of cooling oil is laid at the top end of the battery core, and the electrode and the busbar are completely wrapped and sealed; and secondly, the other five surfaces of the battery core except the surface with the electrodes are surrounded by high-performance heat insulation materials, the top end of the module is used for arranging a cooling oil pipeline and required circuits, and the topmost end of the module is covered, so that the semi-closed battery module structure is provided. According to data obtained from research and experience in application, if the other five surfaces of the battery core, which do not comprise one surface of the electrode, are completely covered by the heat insulation material with excellent service performance, most of generated heat is transferred to the outside through the uncovered top electrode and the bus bar in normal use and after thermal runaway occurs. Based on the semi-closed type battery cell, the semi-closed type battery cell is innovatively made of a heat insulation material, and the battery cells are inserted into the semi-closed type battery cell sequentially with the electrodes facing upwards in a section. In addition, for the space of leaving the circuit of arranging to can in time discharge because of the large amount of gases that inside chemical reaction produced after guaranteeing to take place the thermal runaway, the cooling oil runner arranges in module top both sides, and the middle sky is left and is used for wiring and exhausting. The automobile power lithium ion battery module structure provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the cost is low, the battery module can be reliably cooled through oil cooling, the excessive space is not occupied, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, the heat transfer speed between the battery cores is effectively delayed, the thermal runaway diffusion caused by the overhigh temperature of the adjacent battery cores of the fault battery core is avoided, the thermal runaway control is ensured to meet the requirements, and the safety of drivers and passengers is ensured.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a lithium ion battery module according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a module box of the automotive power lithium ion battery module structure according to the present invention when connected with a cooling oil flow passage;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a module box of the automotive power lithium ion battery module structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a side view of a module housing of the automotive power lithium ion battery module structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of an automotive power lithium ion battery module structure according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the automotive power lithium ion battery module structure according to the present invention when no battery core is disposed therein;
fig. 7 is a schematic top view of a cell casing of the automotive power lithium ion battery module structure according to the present invention;
in the drawings, the reference numbers are respectively: 1. module top cap, 2, module box, 21, heat insulating board, 22, installation cavity, 3, electric core, 31, electrode, 32, busbar, 33, insulating rubber ring, 4, cooling oil runner, 41, brazing connection plate, 42, first titanium plate layer, 43, ceramic fiber layer, 44, second titanium plate layer, 5, cooling oil runner interface, 6, pressure valve opening, 7, electrical core shell.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, such as the shapes and structures of the components, the mutual positions and connection relations among the components, the functions and operation principles of the components, will be made by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention is an automotive power lithium ion battery module structure, a plurality of heat insulation plates 21 are arranged in a module case 2 of the automotive power lithium ion battery module structure according to a gap, the module case 2 and the heat insulation plates 21 form a plurality of installation cavities 22, each installation cavity 22 is configured to be capable of inserting one battery cell 3, the module case 2 and the heat insulation plates 21 are both configured to be made of heat insulation plates, each heat insulation plate includes a first titanium plate layer 42, a ceramic fiber layer 43, and a second titanium plate layer 44, a cooling oil flow channel 4 is arranged at an upper portion of the module case 2, each opening at the bottom of the cooling oil flow channel 4 is configured to be capable of being clamped at a position corresponding to one electrode 31 of one battery cell 3, and a busbar of the automotive power lithium ion battery is configured to be capable of being immersed in cooling oil of the cooling oil flow channel 4. The structure provides an improved scheme aiming at the defects in the prior art. In the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure, many related manufacturers do not pay considerable attention to emergency measures of thermal runaway. After the thermal runaway of the battery core, one of the most obvious characteristics is the rapid increase of heat. In order to avoid thermal runaway diffusion, the speed of heat transfer between the cells should be slowed down as much as possible and the heat generated by the thermal runaway cells should be discharged out of the affected area in a short time, so as to prevent the temperature of adjacent cells from reaching the decomposition temperature of the PET film. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a novel oil-cooled battery module structure. The most remarkable characteristics of the structure are two: firstly, an oil cooling structure is adopted, a flow passage of cooling oil is laid at the top end of the battery core, and the electrode and the busbar are completely wrapped and sealed; and secondly, the other five surfaces of the battery core except the surface with the electrodes are surrounded by high-performance heat insulation materials, the top end of the module is used for arranging a cooling oil pipeline and required circuits, and the topmost end of the module is covered, so that the semi-closed battery module structure is provided. According to data obtained from research and experience in application, if the other five surfaces of the battery core, which do not comprise one surface of the electrode, are completely covered by the heat insulation material with excellent service performance, most of generated heat is transferred to the outside through the uncovered top electrode and the bus bar in normal use and after thermal runaway occurs. Based on the semi-closed type battery cell, the semi-closed type battery cell is innovatively made of a heat insulation material, and the battery cells are inserted into the semi-closed type battery cell sequentially with the electrodes facing upwards in a section. In addition, for the space of leaving the circuit of arranging to can in time discharge because of the large amount of gases that inside chemical reaction produced after guaranteeing to take place the thermal runaway, the cooling oil runner arranges in module top both sides, and the middle sky is left and is used for wiring and exhausting. The oil cooling scheme provided by the invention can inhibit thermal diffusion possibly occurring when thermal runaway, and more importantly, can be used as a thermal management scheme when a battery pack is normally used, and can take away heat generated when a battery core works, so that the temperature of the battery core/battery module is ensured to be in a stable range. The selection requirements of the heat-insulating material are as follows: (1) the heat conductivity coefficient is extremely low; (2) the device is firm and can resist possible high-speed airflow scouring after thermal runaway occurs; (3) the plasticity of the board surface is high, and the structural influence caused by the expansion of the battery cell during charging and discharging can be absorbed. The automobile power lithium ion battery module structure provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the cost is low, the battery module can be reliably cooled through oil cooling, the excessive space is not occupied, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, the heat transfer speed between the battery cores is effectively delayed, the thermal runaway diffusion caused by the overhigh temperature of the adjacent battery cores of the fault battery core is avoided, the thermal runaway control is ensured to meet the requirements, and the safety of drivers and passengers is ensured.
When each opening at the bottom of the cooling oil flow channel 4 of the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure is clamped at the position of one electric core 3 corresponding to one electrode 31, an insulating rubber ring 33 is arranged at the joint of the cooling oil flow channel 4 and the electrode 31. The module box 2 is internally provided with a plurality of battery cells 3, anode electrodes of the battery cells 3 are positioned on the same side, a plurality of battery cells 3, cathode electrodes of the battery cells 3 are positioned on the same side, the number of the cooling oil flow passages 4 is two, each opening at the bottom of one cooling oil flow passage 4 is clamped at one anode electrode position, and each opening at the bottom of the other cooling oil flow passage 4 is clamped at one anode electrode position. Above-mentioned structure, oil cold battery system's current oil cold system can, introduce electric core and cool off, the cooling of circulation flow. And the insulating rubber ring is used at the joint of the cooling oil flow channel and the electrode, so that reliable insulation and sealing treatment can be performed. The cooling oil flow passage 4 reliably covers the electrode.
The module box 2 of the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure is arranged in the battery cell shell, a combustible gas discharge channel is arranged on the battery cell shell 7, and the combustible gas discharge channel is communicated with the pressure valve opening 6. In the structure, the cell shell is provided with the pressure valve and the combustible gas discharge channel, once thermal runaway occurs, the cell generates a large amount of high-temperature gas in a short time, so that the internal pressure of the cell rises rapidly, and at the moment, the pressure valve is opened, and the gas is discharged out of the cell; the combustible gas discharge channel is used for discharging gas and can be used as a space for laying signals and control lines. As shown in the top view structural diagram of fig. 7, the middle rounded square portion is the pressure valve opening 6.
The automobile power lithium ion battery module structure further comprises a module top cover 1, each side of the module top cover 1 is respectively provided with a downward bent part, the lower part of the module top cover 1 is provided with two runner positioning grooves 45, and the bent parts are arranged into structures capable of being connected with the module box body 2. The kink of module top cap 1 set up to the structure that can be connected with module box 2, when the kink of module top cap 1 is connected with module box 2, every coolant oil runner 4 sets up to the structure that can clamp in a runner constant head tank 45. And one side of each cooling oil flow passage 4 is provided with a cooling oil flow passage oil inlet interface 51, and the other side of each cooling oil flow passage 4 is provided with a cooling oil flow passage oil outlet interface 52. Above-mentioned structure, when battery module normal during operation, a small amount of heat transfer that electric core produced to top electrode and busbar are taken away by the coolant oil in the coolant oil runner then. If a certain electric core is out of control due to heat, the heat insulation unit consisting of titanium and ceramic fibers can greatly slow down the speed of heat transfer to an adjacent electric core. While the cooling oil can quickly dilute and move away a large amount of heat from the current area. The bus bar is provided with fins to accelerate the heat exchange speed. Like this, effectively improve the security performance of electricity core module, guarantee driver and crew's safety.
The bottom of each heat insulation plate 21 in the module box body 2 is welded with the bottom of the module box body 2, and the side surface of each heat insulation plate 21 is welded with the inner side surface of the module box body 2. Above-mentioned structure, the reliable welded connection of heat insulating board and module box forms the cavity that is used for placing every electric core, ensures reliable the closure.
An arrangement channel is arranged between the two cooling oil flow passages 4, and a busbar arrangement opening 53 is arranged at the position of the bent part arranged on the side surface of the module top cover 1. The cooling oil flow channel oil inlet interface 51 and the cooling oil flow channel oil outlet interface 52 are respectively communicated with a battery pack cooling oil main pipeline. Above-mentioned structure, the cooling oil comes from battery package cooling oil main line, gets into from cooling oil runner oil feed interface 51, realizes that the heat takes away, goes out from cooling oil runner oil outlet interface 52 again, gets back to battery package cooling oil main line. Thus, the cooling oil circulates to realize cooling in the working process of the battery module.
The structure of the automobile power lithium ion battery module is shown in fig. 1, the structure of the lithium ion power battery module is shown, the battery cells and the heat insulation plates are alternately arranged, the heat insulation plates and the module box body form a semi-closed structure together, and one end of each battery cell except a charged electrode is completely wrapped. The cooling oil flow channel completely contains the electrode at the top end of the cell and the bus bar. The cooling oil flow channel is connected to a battery pack cooling oil main pipeline through a cooling oil flow channel interface. Further, the cooling oil flow channel is strengthened the fastness that combines with the module box through the brazing sheet. The left end and the right end are covered with cooling oil flow passages, and the middle part is left empty, so that other lines can be conveniently laid and the cooling oil flow passages can be used as exhaust passages when thermal runaway occurs. Further, the module top cover leaves openings in the sides in place for arranging inter-module bus bars. When the battery module normally works, a small amount of heat generated by the battery core is transferred to the top electrode and the busbar, and then is taken away by cooling oil in the cooling oil flow channel. If a certain electric core is out of control due to heat, the heat insulation unit consisting of titanium and ceramic fibers can greatly slow down the speed of heat transfer to an adjacent electric core. While the cooling oil can quickly dilute and move away a large amount of heat from the current area. Furthermore, the fins on the busbar can play a role in accelerating the heat exchange speed. Therefore, the performance of the battery module structure is effectively improved.
The invention provides an improved scheme aiming at the defects in the prior art. In the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure, many related manufacturers do not pay considerable attention to emergency measures of thermal runaway. After the thermal runaway of the battery core, one of the most obvious characteristics is the rapid increase of heat. In order to avoid thermal runaway diffusion, the speed of heat transfer between cells should be slowed down as much as possible and the heat generated by the thermal runaway cells should be discharged out of the affected area in a short time, so as to avoid the temperature of the adjacent cells from reaching the thermal runaway trigger temperature. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a novel oil-cooled battery module structure. The most remarkable characteristics of the structure are two: firstly, an oil cooling structure is adopted, a flow passage of cooling oil is laid at the top end of the battery core, and the electrode and the busbar are completely wrapped and sealed; and secondly, the other five surfaces of the battery core except the surface with the electrodes are surrounded by high-performance heat insulation materials, the top end of the module is used for arranging a cooling oil pipeline and required circuits, and the topmost end of the module is covered, so that the semi-closed battery module structure is provided. According to data obtained from research and experience in application, if the other five surfaces of the battery core, which do not comprise one surface of the electrode, are completely covered by the heat insulation material with excellent service performance, most of generated heat is transferred to the outside through the uncovered top electrode and the bus bar in normal use and after thermal runaway occurs. Based on the semi-closed type battery cell, the semi-closed type battery cell is innovatively made of a heat insulation material, and the battery cells are inserted into the semi-closed type battery cell sequentially with the electrodes facing upwards in a section. In addition, for the space of leaving the circuit of arranging to can in time discharge because of the large amount of gases that inside chemical reaction produced after guaranteeing to take place the thermal runaway, battery module cooling oil runner arranges in module top both sides, and the middle space that leaves is used for wiring and exhaust. The automobile power lithium ion battery module structure provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the cost is low, the battery module can be reliably cooled through oil cooling, the excessive space is not occupied, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, the heat transfer speed between the battery cores is effectively delayed, the thermal runaway diffusion caused by the overhigh temperature of the adjacent battery cores of the fault battery core is avoided, the thermal runaway control is ensured to meet the requirements, and the safety of drivers and passengers is ensured.
The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, changes and equivalents of the embodiments of the invention, and its application to other applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an automobile power lithium ion battery module structure which characterized in that: module box (2) of automobile power lithium ion battery module structure in set up a plurality of heat insulating boards (21) according to the clearance, module box (2) and heat insulating board (21) form a plurality of installation cavity (22), every installation cavity (22) sets up the structure that can insert an electric core (3), module box (2) and heat insulating board (21) all set up the structure of making by insulating plate, module box (2) upper portion sets up coolant oil runner (4), every opening of coolant oil runner (4) bottom sets up to the structure that can clamp and correspond an electrode (31) position at an electric core (3), automobile power lithium ion battery's busbar sets up to the structure in the coolant oil that can dip into coolant oil runner (4).
2. The automotive power lithium ion battery module structure of claim 1, characterized in that: when each opening at the bottom of the cooling oil flow channel (4) of the automobile power lithium ion battery module structure is clamped at the position of one battery cell (3) corresponding to one electrode (31), a heat insulation gasket (33) is arranged at the joint of the cooling oil flow channel (4) and the electrode (31).
3. The automotive power lithium ion battery module structure of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the cooling oil flow channels (4) in the module box body (2) comprise two cooling oil flow channels, each opening at the bottom of one cooling oil flow channel (4) is clamped at a corresponding electrode position, and each opening at the bottom of the other cooling oil flow channel (4) is clamped at a corresponding electrode position.
4. The automotive power lithium ion battery module structure of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the module box 2 of automobile power lithium ion battery module structure set up in the electricity core shell, be equipped with combustible gas discharge passage on the electricity core shell, combustible gas discharge passage intercommunication pressure valve opening (6).
5. The automotive power lithium ion battery module structure of claim 4, characterized in that: the structure that the kink of module top cap (1) set up to be connected into with module box (2), when the kink of module top cap (1) was connected with module box (2), every cooling oil runner (4) set up to the structure that can clamp in a runner constant head tank (45).
6. The automotive power lithium ion battery module structure of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and one side of each cooling oil flow passage (4) is provided with a cooling oil flow passage oil inlet interface (51), and the other side of each cooling oil flow passage (4) is provided with a cooling oil flow passage oil outlet interface (52).
7. The automotive power lithium ion battery module structure of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the bottom of each heat insulation plate (21) in the module box body (2) is welded with the bottom of the module box body (2), and the side surface of each heat insulation plate (21) is welded with the inner side surface of the module box body (2).
8. The automotive power lithium ion battery module structure of claim 4, characterized in that: a distribution channel is arranged between the two cooling oil flow passages (4), and a busbar distribution opening (53) is arranged at the position of the bent part arranged on the side surface of the module top cover (1).
9. The automotive power lithium ion battery module structure of claim 6, characterized in that: and the cooling oil flow channel oil inlet interface (51) and the cooling oil flow channel oil outlet interface (52) are respectively communicated with a battery pack cooling oil main pipeline.
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