CN220918248U - Buoyancy type filter and in-vitro cleaning and filtering system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a buoyancy filter and an in-vitro cleaning filter system, which aims at the defects that a filter material of the filter in the prior art is limited between an upper isolation plate and a lower isolation plate, the filter material is cleaned by gravity flow of a water body when the filter material is cleaned, when the content of pollutants in the water body is large, the filter material cannot be cleaned effectively, a lower isolation screen is easy to hang solids, the filter is easy to block, the filtering effect and the efficiency of the filter are affected, the buoyancy filter comprises a pressure-bearing sealed tank body, a filter plate is arranged in the tank body, the inner cavity of the tank body is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the filter plate, the stacked buoyancy filter comprises at least two buoyancy filters, each filter forms a filtering unit, the buoyancy filter with the structure is not easy to cause blockage, and when the pressure difference between a water inlet and a water outlet exceeds a set limit value, the filter material can be discharged to the outside of the tank body for cleaning, and the filtering capability of the filter material layer is recovered.

Description

Buoyancy type filter and in-vitro cleaning and filtering system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a water filter, in particular to a filter adopting an upward floating filter material.

Background

In the sewage purification treatment process, a filter is usually adopted to carry out purification treatment on water, for example, china patent No. 201720175552.5 discloses a sewage treatment device, which comprises a filter body 5, a water inlet 2 and a water outlet 8 are arranged on the filter body 5, a lower isolation screen 3 and an upper isolation screen 6 are arranged in the filter body, a light floating filter material 12 is positioned between the upper isolation screen and the lower isolation screen, a guide plate 13 is arranged on the side wall of the suspended filter material area, the upper isolation screen and the lower isolation screen divide the filter body into a clean water weir pool area 7, a suspended filter material area 5 and a sewage disposal area 15 in sequence from top to bottom, when the filter material is required to be cleaned, a valve of the sewage discharge outlet 10 is opened, the filter material 12 moves from top to bottom together with water, the guide plate 13 on the side wall of the suspended filter material area 5 plays a key role in order to force the filter material to directly move downwards together with water, friction between the filter material or between the filter material and the water or between the filter material and the guide plate 13 is increased, and the generated friction enables the adsorbed sewage to be more easily separated from the upper filter material and fall off from the upper surface and enter the sewage disposal area 14 through the isolation screen and enter the sewage disposal area 15; because the bottom of the sewage disposal area 15 is in a conical structure, the trapped solid matters filtered by the sewage disposal area 15 can be smoothly discharged from the sewage outlet 10, and the purposes of cleaning the filter and the filter material are realized. The filter with the structure is characterized in that the filter material is positioned between the upper isolation plate and the lower isolation plate, when the filter material is cleaned, the filter material is forced to flow from top to bottom by the flowing direction of water, and then the friction between the filter material or between the filter material and the water or between the filter material and the guide plate 13 is increased by the friction of the guide plate, so that dirt on the surface of the filter material falls off.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model provides a buoyancy type filter and an in-vitro cleaning filter system, aiming at the defects that a filter material of a filter in the prior art is limited between an upper isolation plate and a lower isolation plate, the filter material is cleaned by gravity flow of a water body when the filter material is cleaned, the filter material cannot be cleaned effectively when the pollutant content in the water body is large, and a lower isolation screen plate is easy to hang solids, so that the filter is easy to be blocked, and the filtering effect and efficiency of the filter are affected.

The utility model is completed by the following technical scheme:

A buoyancy type filter comprises a pressure-bearing sealed tank body, wherein a filter plate is arranged in the tank body, an inner cavity of the tank body is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the filter plate, a clear water area is arranged above the filter plate, a filter material area, a water inlet area and a sewage draining area are sequentially arranged below the filter plate from top to bottom, a floating bead filter material is arranged in the filter material area, the filter material is blocked by the filter plate to form a filter material layer, a cyclone separator is arranged below the filter material layer, a lower opening of the cyclone separator is communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body, a top plate is arranged at the upper part of the cyclone separator and is not communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body, a water inlet pipe is tangentially communicated with the cyclone separator, water entering the cyclone separator from the water inlet pipe enters the tank body from the lower opening of the cyclone separator, the area below the lower opening of the cyclone separator forms the sewage draining area, a discharge outlet is arranged below the filter plate on the side wall of the tank body, and a material return inlet is arranged below the filter material area and is used for receiving the cleaned filter material;

A backwash medium distributor is arranged in the water inlet area, one end of a backwash medium inlet pipe is positioned outside the tank body, the other end of the backwash medium inlet pipe is positioned in the tank body and communicated with an inlet of the backwash medium distributor, the backwash medium distributor is positioned in a filter material layer and positioned in a lower area of the backwash medium distributor, the backwash medium distributor is a backwash distributor combining water and air, a backwash water inlet and a backwash air inlet are arranged on the backwash medium inlet pipe, a backwash water inlet valve and a backwash air inlet valve are respectively arranged at the backwash water inlet and the backwash air inlet, a sewage draining valve is arranged at a sewage draining outlet, a water inlet valve is arranged at a water outlet, a water outlet valve is arranged at a water outlet, when in backwash, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are closed, the backwash air inlet valve is opened firstly and then the backwash water inlet valve is opened, and then the sewage draining valve is opened and simultaneously the backwash water inlet valve and the backwash water inlet valve are closed, so that backwash is completed;

a positive washing water outlet is arranged at the position on the tank body opposite to the clear water area;

The cyclone separator comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the water inlet pipe is radially tangent to the outer cylinder, and a guide plate is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to form a spiral guide channel between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder;

The device comprises a controller, wherein a water inlet valve arranged at a water inlet, an air inlet valve arranged at a backwashing air inlet, a backwashing water inlet valve arranged at a backwashing water inlet and a sewage valve arranged at a sewage outlet are respectively connected with the output end of the controller in an electric signal mode, and after the controller controls the water inlet valve and a water outlet valve to be closed, the controller controls the backwashing air inlet valve to act to open the backwashing air inlet and then opens the backwashing water inlet valve arranged at the backwashing water inlet to backwash.

A laminated buoyancy filter comprises at least two buoyancy filters, each filter forms a filter unit, and a clear water area and a pollution discharge area of two adjacent filter units are separated by a partition plate.

The external cleaning and filtering system comprises the filter and the external filter material cleaner, wherein the external filter material cleaner comprises a cylinder, a disturbance device and a spoiler, a material blocking baffle is arranged in the cylinder and divides the inner cavity of the cylinder into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is divided into a water activity area, the lower part is divided into a filter material activity area, the disturbance device comprises a disturbance shaft and blades, one end of the disturbance shaft is positioned outside the cylinder and connected with a driving device, the other end of the disturbance shaft is provided with the blades and positioned below the material blocking baffle in the cylinder, the spoiler is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cylinder, the height of the spoiler corresponds to the position of the blades of the disturbance device, an automatic filter material cleaning exhaust valve is arranged on the cylinder, a filter material backflow inlet, a filter material supply outlet and a filter material cleaning water inlet are arranged below the filter material baffle on the cylinder, the filter material recovery inlet is lower than the filter material supply outlet, the filter material backflow inlet is communicated with the discharge outlet of the filter, and the filter material supply outlet is communicated with the backflow inlet of the filter;

A filter material cleaning liquid outlet is formed in the cylinder body and is used for flowing out cleaning liquid containing fine suspended matter impurities;

Arranging a material leakage preventing device below a material blocking baffle above a filter material cleaning drain outlet, wherein the material leakage preventing device comprises a grid plate, and the grid size of the grid plate is based on the condition that the filter material cannot pass through; or the anti-running device comprises a liquid level detector inserting port and a liquid level monitor, the filter material cleaning and draining port is provided with a draining valve, the draining valve is connected with the controller, the liquid level monitor is connected with the controller through an electric signal, and when the liquid reaches a monitored area, the controller controls the filter material cleaning and draining valve to be closed;

The lower extreme of barrel is the toper, forms the toper collector, and the pointed end of toper collector is located the bottom, the filter material washs the drain setting in the pointed end of toper collector.

The device of the utility model has the following advantages:

The buoyancy filter adopting the structure of the utility model adopts the floating bead filter material lighter than water, and as the filter material area, the water inlet area and the sewage discharge area are open, no isolation plate is arranged, and the filter plate is only arranged in the clean water area and the filter material area, therefore, when the solid matters collected by the light suspended matters trapped by the filter material layer fall, the solid matters are not blocked by the lower isolation net plate, the falling channel is smooth, the blockage is not easy to be caused, and meanwhile, as the discharge hole for discharging the filter material and the return material inlet for receiving the cleaned filter material are arranged below the filter plate, when the pressure difference between the water inlet and the water outlet exceeds the set limit value, the filter material can be discharged outside the tank body to be cleaned, and the filtering capacity of the filter material layer is restored.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a prior art lightweight media filter;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a buoyancy filter embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a backwash media distributor according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a multi-layer buoyancy filter embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an in vitro filter cleaner.

Reference numerals illustrate:

A filter; 110. a sewage disposal area; 111. a sewage outlet; 120. a water inlet area; 121. a cyclone separator; 1211. an inner cylinder; 1212. an outer cylinder; 1213. a swirl plate; 122. a water inlet pipe; 123. a water inlet; 124. a water outlet pipe; 130. a filter material area; 131. floating bead filter materials; 132. a filter plate; 133. a filter cap; 140. a clear water zone; 141. a clear water outlet; 150. a tank body; 151. an automatic exhaust port; 152. a water outlet is positively washed; 153. a support leg; 154. a liquid level controller interface; 160. the filter material cleaning matching device; 161. a feed back pipe; 1611. a feed back distributing pipe; 1612. a material returning main pipe; 1613. a feed back inlet; 162. a discharge port; 170. backwash medium distributor, 171, distributor main pipe; 172. a distributor branch; 173. backwash medium inlet pipe; 174. backwashing the air inlet; 175. backwashing the water inlet;

200. an in vitro filter material cleaner; 210. a material blocking baffle; 220. a disturbance device; 221. a disturbing shaft; 222. a blade; 223. a motor; 230. a spoiler; 240. a cylinder; 241. a filter material recycling inlet; 242. a filter material supply outlet; 243. the filter material is washed to a liquid outlet; 244. cleaning an exhaust port by using a filter material; 245. cleaning a water inlet by a filter material; 246. cleaning a sewage outlet by using a filter material; 247. a cleaning agent inlet; 248. a material leakage preventing device; 249. a filter material cleaning liquid outlet; 250. a bracket; 251. a collector;

Detailed Description

The structure of the present utility model is further described and illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the buoyancy filter according to the embodiment of the present utility model includes a tank body, an automatic exhaust port 151 is provided on the tank body 150, and an automatic exhaust valve (not shown in the drawings) is provided at the automatic exhaust port, and is opened when the amount of gas in the tank body is reached and is closed when the amount is lower than the certain amount. The sewage draining area 110, the water inlet area 120, the filter material area 130 and the clear water area 140 are sequentially arranged in the tank body from bottom to top, the filter material area and the clear water area are isolated by the filter plate, the sewage draining area, the water inlet area and the filter material area are in open communication, isolation pieces such as isolation net plates are not arranged, the sewage draining area is positioned at the bottommost part of the tank body, a sewage draining outlet 111 is arranged on the tank body corresponding to the sewage draining area, a sewage draining valve (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the sewage draining outlet 111, the water inlet area is provided with a cyclone separator 121, the water inlet pipe 122 is tangentially connected with the cyclone separator, one end of the water inlet pipe is positioned outside the tank body at one end of the tank body, a water inlet 123 is formed, a water inlet valve (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the water inlet, the lower end opening of the cyclone separator forms a lower opening, the upper end of the cyclone separator is closed, the water which flows downwards under the action of the cyclone separator, flows upwards after filling the sewage draining area, flows into the filter material area through the water inlet area, flows into the clear water area after being filtered, large heavy particles precipitate into the sewage draining area, light impurities flow into the sewage draining area, and then flows into the filter material beads along with the water inlet area. Because the filter plate 132 is arranged above the filter material area, the floating bead filter material is blocked by the filter plate to stay below the filter plate and is piled up to form a filter material layer, the area above the filter plate and below the tank body is a clear water area, the filter plate is provided with the filter cap 133, the water filtered by the floating bead filter material flows into the clear water area through the filter cap, the tank body positioned in the clear water area is provided with the water outlet pipe 124 communicated with the inside and the outside of the tank body, the water outlet pipe is provided with the clear water outlet 141, the clear water outlet is provided with the clear water outlet valve (not shown in the figure), and the automatic air outlet is opposite to the clear water area. The lower opening of the cyclone separator is arranged opposite to the sewage outlet. By adopting the filter with the structure, due to the arrangement of the cyclone separator, large granular substances contained in water body directly fall into the sewage outlet after the water passes through the cyclone separator, small particles and suspended substances rise to the filter material layer along with the water and are blocked by the filter material layer, clear water enters the clear water chamber through the filter cap, small particles blocked by the filter material layer and larger suspended substances are interacted and deposited to fall into the sewage draining area, and the sewage draining area is opened due to the fact that the water inlet area, the filter material area and the sewage draining area are not blocked by the isolating piece in the settling process, so that pressure is not caused to the filter, and the whole filter is not easy to block. Because the fine suspended matters are blocked between the filter materials, after a period of time, the fine suspended matters can block gaps between the filter materials, so that the pressure difference between the water inlet and the water outlet exceeds a limit value, and particularly the pressure difference between the water inlet and the water outlet exceeds the limit value because the filter is easy to cause when working under a high-load environment. In order to solve the technical problem that the filter material is blocked under high load and the pressure difference between the water inlet and the water outlet of the filter is large, a filter material cleaning matching device 160 is arranged, the filter material cleaning matching device comprises a feed back pipe 161 consisting of a feed back main pipe 1612 and a feed back distributing pipe 1611, a feed back inlet 1613 of the feed back pipe is positioned outside the tank body, the other end of the feed back pipe is positioned in the tank body, the feed back pipe is positioned above the water inlet area and below the filter material area, the feed back distributing pipes are distributed on two sides of the feed back main pipe and are connected with the feed back main pipe in a connecting way, a plurality of notches are arranged at the opening of the feed back distributing pipe along the circumferential direction at intervals and used as outlets of the filter material, so that the discharge is more uniform in all directions and the filter material is convenient to uniformly return to the tank body. A discharge hole is arranged at the position on the tank body opposite to the filter material layer, the filter material flows out from the discharge hole to the external cleaning equipment, and the filter material returns to the tank body from the feed back hole after being cleaned by the external cleaning equipment. The discharge hole can also be arranged at the bottom of the sewage disposal area. The discharge gate and the filter material layer of filter material are relative, and the filter material is direct to flow from the discharge gate under the effect of intaking, and the passageway is direct swift, compares in the drain region lower part sets up the discharge gate filter material can not be by piling up the filth pollution in drain department, and the water that enters into in the filter material purger is also cleaner, consequently, whole cleaning performance can be better.

To facilitate cleaning of the filter material, a backwash device is also provided, including backwash medium distributor 170, backwash medium inlet pipe 173. The backwash medium distributor is positioned in the tank body, the position of the backwash medium distributor corresponds to the position of the filter material area, preferably, the backwash medium distributor is positioned below the lower third of the filter material layer and inserted into the filter material layer, the backwash medium inlet pipe is communicated with the backwash medium distributor, one end of the backwash medium inlet pipe is positioned in the tank body, one end of the backwash medium inlet pipe is positioned outside the tank body, and backwash medium enters the backwash medium distributor from the backwash medium inlet pipe and then enters the filter material area to directly act on the filter material to backwash the filter material.

In order to prevent the filter material from flowing out of the drain outlet along water when the drain is discharged, a liquid level controller inserting port is arranged on the tank body, the liquid level controller is inserted into the tank body through the liquid level controller port and is connected with a control device through an electric signal, and when the liquid level is lower than the detection position, the drain valve is closed.

When the buoyancy filter with the structure is used for filtering, the water inlet and the water outlet are both opened, other openings are closed, liquid to be filtered enters the cyclone separator from the water inlet at the bottom, the cyclone water flows out of the water surface from the lower part of the cyclone separator and gradually rises to carry the floating bead filter material to move upwards, large-particle suspended matter impurities fall into a pollution discharge area through cyclone, the floating bead filter material is blocked below the filter plate along with the increase of water quantity to form a filter material layer, impurities such as suspended matters are trapped in the filter material layer to realize the filtering of water body, filtered purified water flows into a clean water chamber through a filter cap on the filter plate, and clean water flows out of the water outlet to finish the filtering of the water body. When the filter material needs to be cleaned, for example, the inlet-outlet pressure difference of the filter reaches 0-0.1MPa, for example, 0.05MPa, or the filtration cycle time reaches 6-24 hours, for example, 8 hours, backwashing cleaning is generally needed. When in backwashing, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve of the filter are closed, the backwashing medium inlet is opened, so that backwashing medium enters the filter material layer, impact force is applied to the filter material layer, then the bottom sewage outlet is opened, the water inlet and the water outlet are closed, and when the water level of the tank body is reached, the lower sewage outlet is closed to finish backwashing. The filter with the structure of the utility model is characterized in that the medium enters the backwash medium inlet pipe from the medium backwash inlet and flows into the backwash medium distributor, and the backwash medium distributor is positioned in the filter material area and is preferably positioned at the lower third of the filter material layer, so that the backwash medium can directly act on the filter material to loosen and push the filter material to move, and heavier impurities accumulated in the filter material fall into the sewage disposal area, thereby achieving the aim of cleaning.

The backwashing medium can adopt water, gas or a combination of gas and water. When the medium combining air and water is adopted, a backwash air inlet and a backwash water inlet are arranged on the backwash medium inlet pipe 173, valves are respectively arranged on the backwash air inlet and the backwash water inlet, the opening and closing time of the backwash air inlet 174 and the backwash water inlet 175 is managed and controlled, and the opening time of the backwash air inlet is earlier than the opening time of the backwash water inlet. The water and gas phase are combined to backwash high-pressure gas, the floating bead filter materials are impacted firstly, the floating bead filter materials which are tightly gathered together are scattered, gaps among the floating bead filter materials are increased, a filter material layer is expanded, impurities mixed among the floating bead filter materials are loosened, meanwhile, the occupied space of the floating bead filter materials is increased, water is added for flushing, the water consumption, the water adding time and the cleaning time are reduced, and the water and the cleaning time are saved. Preferably, a forward-washing water outlet is provided and is connected with the clean water chamber, and in a preferred embodiment, the forward-washing water outlet is arranged on the water draining pipe, and a forward-washing water draining valve is arranged at the forward-washing water outlet. The lower part of the tank body is preferably cone-shaped, the tip part is downward, and the axes of the sewage outlet and the cyclone separator are in the same line with the axis of the cone. Is more beneficial to collecting and removing dirt.

When the water-gas combined backwashing water valve is specifically used, the backwashing water inlet valve is opened for 2 minutes (adjustable for 0-5 minutes), the backwashing water inlet valve is opened for 3 minutes (adjustable for 0-10 minutes), the blowdown valve is opened for 2 minutes (adjustable for 0-5 minutes), the backwashing water inlet valve is closed at the same time, the positive drainage valve is opened at the same time, the blowdown valve is closed when the tank water level limit is reached, the water inlet valve is opened for 4 minutes (adjustable for 0-10 minutes), the positive drainage valve is closed, the washing water valve is opened for correction, and the water-gas combined backwashing is completed.

Normal backwashing is carried out by utilizing water and air in the tank body at ordinary times, when the pollution of filter materials is serious every 5-7 days or the backwashing is not thorough, a by-pass port can be connected through a sewage outlet of the equipment, the water-carrying belt materials in the tank body are discharged into an external floating bead filter material cleaner together for forced cleaning, and a discharge port is preferably arranged below a filter plate for discharging the filter materials. When the filter material is discharged, liquid is filled into the tank body, only the water inlet and the discharge port are opened, other ports are closed, and the material enters the discharge port and is discharged from the discharge port.

In the present utility model, the cyclone separator preferably has the following structure: the spiral flow plate 1213 is spirally arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the spiral flow plate is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and is preferably connected with the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a spiral flow guide channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the water inlet pipe is tangential to the inner wall of the outer cylinder along the radial direction of the outer cylinder. The water flowing into the water inlet pipe is spirally downwards under the action of the cyclone plate, and the consistency of the flowing speed of the water and the impurity is broken, so that the water and the impurity are separated, and the impurity separation is facilitated. Further improving the filtering effect.

Preferably, an in-vitro filter material cleaner is arranged to receive and clean the filter material, and the cleaned filter material is circulated back into the tank body of the filter through a feed back pipe.

The controller is preferably arranged to control the opening and closing sequence and time of each valve, and each valve is electrically connected with the output end of the controller.

As shown in fig. 6, the external filter material cleaner has a cylinder 240, the cylinder is sealed and pressurized, a material blocking baffle 210, a disturbance device 220 and a spoiler 230 are arranged in the cylinder, the material blocking baffle 210 divides the cylinder into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a liquid storage collecting space, the lower part is a movable space of the filter material and a dirt collecting and discharging space, and the movable space of the filter material is positioned above the dirt collecting and discharging space. The disturbance device 220 comprises a disturbance shaft 221 and blades 222, one end of the disturbance shaft, which is positioned outside the cylinder, is connected with the motor 223, the other end of the disturbance shaft is positioned below the filter material baffle, the blades are positioned at the position of the disturbance shaft, which is positioned below the filter material baffle, a filter material recycling inlet 241, a filter material supply outlet 242 and a filter material cleaning water inlet 245 are arranged above the dirt collecting and discharging space, which is positioned below the filter material baffle, on the cylinder, the filter material supply outlet is positioned below the filter material baffle and is adjacent to the filter material baffle, the setting height of the filter material recycling inlet is lower than the setting height of the filter material supply outlet, the height of the filter material cleaning water inlet is equal to or slightly lower than the height of the filter material recycling inlet, and because the filter material is a light floating bead, the filter material entering the cylinder from the filter material recycling inlet is pushed upwards to float by clean water flowing from the filter material cleaning water inlet, the filter material is accumulated below the filter material baffle, the disturbance force of the disturbance device acts on the filter material more effectively, and the filter material is cleaned better. The cleaning agent inlet can be arranged at any position of the cylinder body, and can also be arranged at the cleaning water inlet of the filter material, a spoiler is arranged at a height corresponding to the position of the disturbance shaft below the material blocking baffle plate, the spoiler is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body at intervals, when the disturbance shaft rotates, the blades stir water flow to drive the filter material to flow together, the speed of the filter material is consistent with that of the water flow, therefore, the cleaning effect of the water flow on the filter material is poor, the spoiler is arranged, the stirred water flow and the filter material meet with the spoiler, the movement speed and the track of the two are broken, the water flow and the movement of the filter material are not consistent, and therefore, the water flow can act on the filter material well to clean the filter material. The filter material cleaning drain 246 is preferably arranged at the bottom of the lower end of the barrel, the anti-running device 248 is arranged above the filter material cleaning drain to prevent filter materials from being discharged from the filter material cleaning drain when sewage is discharged, the lower end of the barrel is preferably conical to form a conical collector, and the tip of the conical collector is positioned at the bottom to facilitate large particle impurities to be collected to the filter material cleaning drain. The anti-running device 248 may be a grid plate, the grid size of the grid plate is as large as possible based on that the filter material cannot pass through, and large particles pass through, preferably the anti-running device 248 comprises a liquid level detector insertion port and a liquid level monitor (not shown in the figure), a filter material cleaning drain outlet is provided with a drain valve, the drain valve is connected with a controller, the liquid level monitor is electrically connected with the controller, and when the liquid reaches a monitored area, the controller controls the filter material cleaning drain valve to be closed.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to improve efficiency of the filter and save space, the filter is made in a laminated type, which has a plurality of filters of the same structure, and the filters are stacked one above another to form a whole. The composition of each layer of filter is consistent with that of the single-layer filter, the structure is basically consistent, the tank body of each filter is cylindrical, the sewage drain is arranged at the side part of the tank body, the backwash medium pipe is horizontally arranged, each layer of filter units are isolated through unit partition boards, specifically, the bottom of the upper layer of filter unit is the top of the lower layer of filter unit, the automatic exhaust port is arranged on the side wall of the tank body, and the backwash medium inlet pipe is horizontally arranged. By adopting the laminated filter, the water body can be filtered at the same time, and the filtering efficiency is improved.

Claims (10)

1. The buoyancy type filter comprises a pressure-bearing sealed tank body and is characterized in that a filter plate is arranged in the tank body, an inner cavity of the tank body is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the filter plate, a clear water area is arranged above the filter plate, a filter material area, a water inlet area and a sewage draining area are sequentially arranged below the filter plate from top to bottom, floating bead filter materials are arranged in the filter material area, the filter materials are blocked by the filter plate to form a filter material layer, a cyclone separator is arranged below the filter material layer, a lower opening of the cyclone separator is communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body, a top plate is arranged on the upper part of the cyclone separator and is not communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body, a water inlet pipe is tangentially communicated with the cyclone separator, water entering the cyclone separator from the water inlet pipe enters the tank body from the lower opening of the cyclone separator, the area below the lower opening of the cyclone separator forms the sewage draining area, a discharge port is arranged below the filter plate on the side wall of the tank body, and a return material inlet is arranged below the filter material area and used for receiving cleaned filter materials.

2. The buoyancy filter according to claim 1 wherein a backwash medium distributor is provided in the water inlet area, one end of the backwash medium inlet pipe is located outside the tank body, the other end is located inside the tank body and is communicated with the inlet of the backwash medium distributor, the backwash medium distributor is located inside the filter material layer and is located in the lower area of the backwash medium distributor, the backwash medium distributor is a backwash distributor combining water and air, a backwash water inlet valve and a backwash air inlet valve are provided on the backwash medium inlet pipe, a backwash water inlet valve and a backwash air inlet valve are respectively provided at the backwash water inlet valve and the backwash air inlet valve, a sewage draining valve is provided at the sewage draining outlet, a water inlet valve is provided at the water outlet, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are closed during backwash, the backwash air inlet valve is opened first and then the backwash water inlet valve is opened, and then the sewage draining valve is closed simultaneously to complete backwash.

3. The buoyancy filter according to claim 2 wherein a forward wash drain is provided on the tank opposite the clear water zone.

4. The buoyancy filter according to claim 2 wherein: the cyclone separator comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the water inlet pipe is radially tangent to the outer cylinder, and a guide plate is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to form a spiral guide channel between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.

5. The buoyancy filter according to claim 2 wherein: the device comprises a controller, wherein a water inlet valve arranged at a water inlet, an air inlet valve arranged at a backwashing air inlet, a backwashing water inlet valve arranged at a backwashing water inlet and a sewage valve arranged at a sewage outlet are respectively connected with the output end of the controller in an electric signal mode, and after the controller controls the water inlet valve and a water outlet valve to be closed, the controller controls the backwashing air inlet valve to act to open the backwashing air inlet and then opens the backwashing water inlet valve arranged at the backwashing water inlet to backwash.

6. A buoyancy filter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the buoyancy type filter comprises at least two buoyancy type filters, wherein each buoyancy type filter is overlapped up and down, each buoyancy type filter forms a filtering unit, and a clear water area and a pollution discharge area of two adjacent filtering units are separated by a partition plate.

7. An in vitro cleaning filtration system, characterized in that: the filter and the in-vitro filter cleaner comprise the filter and the in-vitro filter cleaner, wherein the in-vitro filter cleaner comprises a cylinder body, a disturbance device and a spoiler, a material blocking baffle plate is arranged in the cylinder body and divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a water activity area, the lower part is a filter material activity area, the disturbance device comprises a disturbance shaft and blades, one end of the disturbance shaft is positioned outside the cylinder body and connected with the driving device, the other end of the disturbance shaft is provided with the blades and positioned below the material blocking baffle plate in the cylinder body, the spoiler is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cylinder body, the height of the spoiler corresponds to the position of the blades of the disturbance device, a filter material cleaning automatic exhaust valve is arranged on the cylinder body, a filter material backflow inlet, a filter material supply outlet and a filter material cleaning drain outlet are arranged below the filter material recovery inlet, the filter material backflow inlet is communicated with the discharge outlet of the filter, and the filter material supply outlet is communicated with the backflow inlet of the filter.

8. The extracorporeal wash filtration system of claim 7, wherein: the cylinder is provided with a filter material cleaning liquid outlet for the cleaning liquid containing fine suspended matter impurities to flow out.

9. The extracorporeal wash filtration system of claim 7, wherein: arranging a material leakage preventing device below a material blocking baffle above a filter material cleaning drain outlet, wherein the material leakage preventing device comprises a grid plate, and the grid size of the grid plate is based on the condition that the filter material cannot pass through; or the anti-running device comprises a liquid level detector inserting port and a liquid level monitor, the filter material cleaning and draining outlet is provided with a draining valve, the draining valve is connected with the controller, the liquid level monitor is connected with the controller through an electric signal, and when liquid reaches a monitored area, the controller controls the filter material cleaning and draining valve to be closed.

10. The extracorporeal wash filtration system of claim 7, wherein: the lower extreme of barrel is the toper, forms the toper collector, and the pointed end of toper collector is located the bottom, the filter material washs the drain setting in the pointed end of toper collector.