CN220774731U

CN220774731U - Antenna radiation unit and antenna

Info

Publication number: CN220774731U
Application number: CN202321499228.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 鲍峰婷; 别业楠; 沈楠; 毛胤电; 李名定; 桑联佳; 刘珏林
Original assignee: ZTE Corp
Current assignee: ZTE Corp
Priority date: 2023-06-12
Filing date: 2023-06-12
Publication date: 2024-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-12

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna radiating element and an antenna, wherein the antenna radiating element comprises: a radiation surface 100, and a feeding tab 200, wherein the radiation surface 100 includes: a first slot 101, a square corner structure 102, the square corner structure 102 being a target shape, the target shape comprising a plurality of continuous outer convexities; the feeding sheet 200 is formed by bending downwards along the first slot 101, so that the problem of high difficulty in producing the antenna radiating element due to the increase of branches in the related art can be solved, and the technical effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna radiating element and reducing the difficulty in producing the antenna radiating element is achieved.

Description

Antenna radiation unit and antenna

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the field of communication, in particular to an antenna radiating unit and an antenna.

Background

With the development of 5G communication technology, sub-6G antenna radiating elements are increasingly widely used and have huge usage, so that the radiating elements are important consideration criteria for manufacturing difficulty and cost while considering performance.

The traditional antenna radiating unit adopts more PCB and die-cast products. The PCB vibrator is usually composed of balun and radiator, and needs to be assembled by a plurality of PCBs, so that the assembly is difficult and the production efficiency is low. The die-casting vibrator has complex structure, high manufacturing difficulty and no weight and volume. In recent years, in order to solve the problem of manufacturing difficulty, integrally formed plastic antennas are also continuously developed, but the plastic antenna radiating unit and the feed net are integrated, so that flexibility is poor, and the plastic antenna radiating unit and the feed net cannot be suitable for products of different types.

The sheet metal vibrator is integrally formed, simple to process and good in flexibility, and can be suitable for different feed nets. However, the sheet metal vibrator is structurally complex, so that the radiation surface of the radiation unit can be reduced in overall size due to the fact that the branches connected with the radiation piece are added or the bending mode is added for achieving better performance, requirements on the shapes of the branches and the bending angles are high due to the fact that the branches are added or the bending mode is added, production difficulty is increased, and waste of materials is caused.

Aiming at the problem of high production difficulty of the antenna radiation unit caused by the addition of branches in the related art, no solution is proposed yet.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna radiating unit and an antenna, which at least solve the problem of high production difficulty of the antenna radiating unit caused by the increase of branches in the related technology.

An embodiment of the present utility model provides an antenna radiation unit, including: a radiation surface 100, and a feeding sheet 200, wherein the radiation surface 100 includes: a first slot 101, a square corner structure 102, the square corner structure 102 being a target shape comprising a plurality of consecutive outer convexities; the feeding tab 200 is formed by bending downward along the first slot 101.

The embodiment of the utility model also provides an antenna, which comprises the antenna radiating unit.

According to the embodiment of the utility model, the radiating surface in the antenna radiating unit forms a slot and a structure with four corners of the radiating surface in a target shape, and the feed piece in the antenna radiating unit is formed by bending downwards along the first slot of the radiating surface. Compared with the existing sheet metal antenna, the antenna radiating unit has the advantages of simple structure, large process tolerance and simple production due to the structural design of the increased branches, the bending and the like. Therefore, the problem of high production difficulty of the antenna radiating unit caused by the increase of branches in the related technology is solved, and the technical effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna radiating unit and reducing the production difficulty of the antenna radiating unit is achieved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an antenna radiating element (front view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another antenna radiating element (top view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the shape of a square corner structure in an antenna radiating element according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second slot in an antenna radiating element according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna radiating element (side view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another antenna radiating element (front view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram ii of another antenna radiating element (front view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a solder pin according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna radiating element soldered to a feed plate in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the utility model.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present utility model and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

In an embodiment of the present utility model, an antenna radiation unit is provided, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna radiation unit (front view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model, where the antenna radiation unit includes: a radiation surface 100, and a feeding sheet 200, wherein the radiation surface 100 includes: a first slot 101, a square corner structure 102, the square corner structure 102 being a target shape comprising a plurality of consecutive outer convexities; the feeding tab 200 is formed by bending downward along the first slot 101.

In this embodiment, the four corners of the radiating surface 100 are subjected to irregular outer treatment, so that the four corners of the radiating surface are in a target shape, that is, a square corner structure 102, and the radiating surface is subjected to slotting treatment, so that a first slot 101 is formed on the radiating surface, and the feeding sheet 200 is formed by bending down along the first slot.

The four corners of the radiation surface 100 are respectively processed by irregular outer edges to form square corner structures with target shapes, and the outer edges of the four corners of the radiation surface are designed to effectively lengthen the current path of the surface of the radiation surface, thereby realizing miniaturization of the radiation surface of the antenna.

Through the above embodiment, according to the embodiment of the present utility model, the radiating surface in the antenna radiating unit forms the slot and the structure with the four corners of the radiating surface in the target shape, and the feed piece in the antenna radiating unit is formed by bending down along the first slot of the radiating surface. Compared with the existing sheet metal antenna, the antenna radiating unit has the advantages of simple structure, large process tolerance and simple production due to the structural design of the increased branches, the bending and the like. Therefore, the problem of high production difficulty of the antenna radiating unit caused by the increase of branches in the related technology is solved, and the technical effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna radiating unit and reducing the production difficulty of the antenna radiating unit is achieved.

Meanwhile, the design of the outer edges of the four-corner target shape of the radiating surface prolongs the current path, realizes miniaturization of the radiating surface, changes the flow direction of the current, reduces the component of the electric field in the orthogonal direction and improves the cross polarization ratio of the antenna.

In an alternative embodiment, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another antenna radiating element (top view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and as shown in fig. 2, the radiating surface 100 is a square planar structure; the number of the first slots 101 is four, and the four first slots 101 are distributed along the diagonal direction of the radiation surface 100.

As shown in fig. 2, the radiation surface 100 further includes: and second slots 103, wherein the second slots 103 are symmetrically distributed along the sides of the radiating surface 100, wherein the number of the second slots is four, and one second slot is arranged on each side of the radiating surface.

In an alternative embodiment, the convex shape comprises at least one of triangular, semicircular, circular arc, trapezoidal;

two ends of the square angle structure are respectively connected with the end points of two adjacent edges of the radiation surface, one or more outer convex shapes are arranged between the two end points, and the two end points of the outer convex shapes are respectively connected with the end points of the two adjacent edges under the condition of comprising one outer convex shape; in the case of including a plurality of outer convexities, the plurality of outer convexities are continuously connected, and the end points of the adjacent two sides are respectively connected with two outer convexities of the plurality of outer convexities.

Compared with a right angle, the square angle structure of the target shape is longer in current path of each side, the longer current path is realized by the smaller radiation surface, when four corners of the radiation surface are of the target shape, the angles above the four corners change, the flow direction of the current is changed, the component of the electric field in the orthogonal direction is reduced, the cross polarization ratio of the antenna is improved, the four corners of the radiation surface are processed irregularly and outside to form the square angle structure of the target shape, the branches or the bends do not need to be added, and the production difficulty is smaller than that of adding the branches or the bends.

The antenna radiating element refers to the smallest radiating element in an antenna, which is responsible for converting radio frequency signals into electromagnetic waves and transmitting them. The radiating plane in the antenna radiating element is the part responsible for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, which is capable of converting an electrical signal into radio waves and propagating towards space. The feeding sheet is an important component connecting the antenna and the transmitting device, or an important component connecting the antenna and the receiving device, and is capable of transmitting signals from the device to the radiating surface and transmitting signals received back from the radiating surface back to the device. Therefore, both the radiating plane and the feed patch are critical components necessary for proper operation of the antenna.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the shape of a square corner structure in an antenna radiating unit according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 3, the shape of the square corner structure shown in fig. 3 (a) includes a plurality of triangular outer protrusions, the shape of the square corner structure shown in fig. 3 (b) includes a plurality of circular arc-shaped outer protrusions, and the shape of the square corner structure shown in fig. 3 (c) includes one trapezoidal outer protrusion. The square corner structure shown in fig. 2 has a shape comprising a plurality of trapezoidal outer convexities.

Optionally, the target shape of the square corner structure may be a plum blossom shape, a star shape, or a trapezoid, where the plum blossom shape may be formed by connecting a plurality of semicircles or arcs, and the star shape is formed by connecting a plurality of triangles.

In an alternative embodiment, the shape of the second slot 103 includes at least one of: h-shaped, T-shaped and rectangular. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second slot in an antenna radiating element according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 4, the shape of the second slot shown in fig. 4 (d) is rectangular, the shape of the second slot shown in fig. 4 (e) is H-shaped, and the shape of the second slot shown in fig. 4 (f) is T-shaped.

The number of the second slots in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, 1 per side, 2 per side, 3 per specific side, etc., the second slots shown in fig. 2 include 1 rectangular per side second slots, the second slots shown in fig. 4 (d) include 3 rectangular second slots on the upper side and lower side, respectively, the second slots shown in fig. 4 (e) include 1H-shaped second slots on the upper side and lower side, respectively, and the second slots shown in fig. 4 (f) include 1T-shaped second slots on the side.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding sheets 200 are four, and the four feeding sheets 200 are distributed in a central symmetry manner. The feeding tab 200 is perpendicular to the radiating surface 100.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna radiating element (side view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model, in which four rectangular slots are formed on each of the four diagonal directions on the radiating surface shown in fig. 2, and are bent downward, so as to form four feeding tabs 200 as shown in fig. 5. The four feed pieces formed by bending downwards are perpendicular to the radiation surface and are distributed in a central symmetry manner, so that the structure is stable, the radiation surface can be effectively supported, and meanwhile, the radiation surface can be ensured to be placed in parallel.

In an embodiment, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram one of another antenna radiating element (front view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and fig. 7 is a schematic diagram two of another antenna radiating element (front view) according to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the antenna radiating element further includes a soldering pin 300, wherein the soldering pin 300 is disposed at an end of the feeding pad 200.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the radiating surface 100, the feeding tab 200 and the soldering pins 300 form a sheet metal integrated structure. The radiation surface, the feed piece and the welding pins are integrally formed by metal plates, and the production process is simple and the weight is light.

In one embodiment, fig. 8 is a schematic view of a soldering pin according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model, and as shown in fig. 8, the soldering pin 300 includes: t type limit structure 301, toper guide structure 302, wherein, T type limit structure 301 with toper guide structure 302 is adjacent, T type limit structure 301 with the distance of radiation face is less than toper guide structure 302 with the distance of radiation face.

Wherein the soldering pins 300 are used for soldering with the feeding board 20 to achieve signal conduction.

In this embodiment, four feeding plates 200 extend to form four soldering pins 300, the four soldering pins are located at the ends of the four feeding plates, each soldering pin adopts a tapered guiding structure and a T-shaped limiting structure, the subsequent soldering pins are soldered with the feeding plate 20, that is, the antenna radiating unit is fixed on the feeding plate by the soldering pins, and signals in the feeding plate are conducted to the soldering pins 300, so as to be conducted to the feeding plates 200, and conducted to the radiating surface 100 by the feeding plates.

In an alternative embodiment, the feeding board 20 includes: the bonding pad hole 21, the bonding pad hole 21 is located the power feeding board 20 surface, and the toper guide structure 302 can effectively help welding pin 300 to insert in the bonding pad hole 21 on power feeding board 20 surface, and T type limit structure 301 has played good spacing effect when the welding, and welding pin 300 adopts T type limit structure and toper guide structure to be used for inserting the power feeding board bonding pad and spacing, is convenient for realize automatic paster production.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of welding an antenna radiating element to a feed board according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model, and as shown in fig. 9, a feed circuit is drawn on a feed board PCB, and the feed board 20 includes: a pad hole 21, a differential feeder 22, and a power distribution network line 23, wherein the pad hole 21 is connected to the differential feeder 22, and the differential feeder 22 is connected to the power distribution network line 23. Wherein one end of the differential feeder 22 is connected to the pad hole, and subsequently when the soldering pin of the radiating element is inserted into the pad hole, the differential feeder 22 can conduct signals to the soldering pin.

The antenna radiating unit is inserted into the pad hole 21 of the feeding board 20 through the soldering pin 300, and is fixed to the feeding board 20 by reflow soldering. The signal is conducted to the soldering pins 300 inserted into the pad holes 21 through the power distribution network lines 23 and the differential feeder lines 22 on the feeder board, and is conducted to the radiating surface 100 through the feeder sheet 200, and the differential feeder structure is formed by connection of the soldering pins and the feeder lines, and finally the electromagnetic wave polarized at ±45 degrees is propagated to the space through the radiating surface 100.

In an embodiment, the feeding board connected with the antenna radiating unit is not single, the antenna radiating unit can be connected with any feeding board with the same frequency band to form an array surface, the feeding board adopts a PCB front microstrip line form, the substrate comprises a PCB, a plastic substrate and the like, and the line form comprises a front microstrip, an air microstrip, a strip line and the like. The applicable frequency band of the radiation patch 200 includes but is not limited to 2.6G, 3.5G, 4.9G, etc.

Specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the foregoing embodiments and the exemplary implementation, and this embodiment is not described herein.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An antenna radiating element, the antenna radiating element comprising: a radiation surface (100), a feed piece (200), wherein the radiation surface (100) comprises: a first slot (101), a square corner structure (102),

the square corner structure (102) is a target shape, the target shape comprising a plurality of continuous outer convexities;

the feeding sheet (200) is formed by bending downwards along the first slot (101).

2. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein,

the radiation surface (100) is of a square plane structure;

the number of the first slots (101) is four, and the four first slots (101) are distributed along the diagonal direction of the radiation surface (100).

3. The antenna radiating element according to claim 2, wherein the radiating surface (100) further comprises: -a second slot (103), wherein the second slot (103) is symmetrically distributed along the side of the radiating surface (100).

4. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein,

the number of the feeding sheets (200) is four, and the four feeding sheets (200) are distributed in a central symmetry mode.

5. The antenna radiating element of claim 4, wherein,

the feeding sheet (200) is perpendicular to the radiation surface (100).

6. The antenna radiating element according to claim 1, further comprising soldering pins (300), wherein the soldering pins (300) are arranged at the ends of the feeding tab (200).

7. The antenna radiating element according to claim 6, wherein the soldering pin (300) comprises: t type limit structure (301), toper guide structure (302), wherein, T type limit structure (301) with toper guide structure (302) are adjacent, T type limit structure (301) with the distance of radiation face is less than toper guide structure (302) with the distance of radiation face.

8. The antenna radiating element according to claim 6, characterized in that it is fixed to a feed plate (20) by means of the soldering pins (300).

9. The antenna radiating element according to claim 8, wherein the feed plate (20) comprises: and a pad hole (21), wherein the pad hole (21) is positioned on the surface of the feed plate (20).

10. The antenna radiating element according to claim 9, wherein the feed plate (20) further comprises: a differential feeder (22) is connected to a power distribution network line (23), the land hole (21) is connected to the differential feeder (22), and the differential feeder (22) is connected to the power distribution network line (23).

11. The antenna radiating element according to claim 6, characterized in that the radiating surface (100), the feed tab (200) and the soldering pin (300) form a sheet metal integrated structure.

12. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein the convex shape comprises at least one of a triangle, a semicircle, an arc, a trapezoid.

13. An antenna radiating element according to claim 3, characterized in that the shape of the second slot (103) comprises at least one of the following: h-shaped, T-shaped and rectangular.

14. An antenna, characterized in that it comprises an antenna radiating element according to any of claims 1 to 13.