CN110323551B

CN110323551B - Patch radiating element

Info

Publication number: CN110323551B
Application number: CN201810292878.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董志峰; 孙静; 张妍
Original assignee: Prologis Communication Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Current assignee: Prologis Communication Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-03-30
Filing date: 2018-03-30
Publication date: 2023-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-30
Also published as: CN110323551A; CN116154461A

Abstract

The invention discloses a patch radiating unit which comprises a reflecting plate and a radiating unit arranged on one side surface of the reflecting plate, wherein the radiating unit comprises a radiating patch, a feed balun and a matching network, the radiating patch is electrically connected with the matching network through the feed balun, the matching network is fixed on the reflecting plate, the radiating patch is of a curved surface structure arched in a direction away from the reflecting plate, and at least one slot line is arranged on the radiating patch. The invention adopts the structure of conformal curved surface and grooved surface, and can effectively widen the working bandwidth of the antenna on the premise of reducing the width of the radiating unit.

Description

Patch radiating element

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of mobile communication, and is applied to an antenna network system, in particular to a patch radiating unit used as a base station antenna.

Background

With the rapid development of the communication industry, the requirement on the antenna performance is higher and higher. The antenna is required to have good directivity characteristics over a wide frequency band in a limited space. The current research focus is on broadband, miniaturization, etc.

The microstrip antenna has a series of advantages of small volume, light weight, low cost, easy integration and the like, and has unique places on the miniaturized antenna, so that the microstrip antenna is widely applied soon after being made. However, the existing patch antenna has the following problems: 1. the relative frequency band is generally narrower, the size is large, the broadband and ultra-wideband requirements of the current mobile communication can not be realized, 2, most patch antennas only radiate to half space, 3, the patch antennas are generally printed on a high dielectric substrate, surface waves can exist, and the power capacity is low.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a patch radiating element that effectively increases the antenna bandwidth in the case of limited size.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a patch radiating unit which can effectively widen the working bandwidth of an antenna on the premise of reducing the size of the antenna.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention proposes the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a paster radiating element, its includes the reflecting plate and installs the radiating element on a reflecting plate side, the radiating element includes a radiation paster, feed balun and matching network, the radiation paster passes through feed balun and is connected with the matching network electricity, the matching network is fixed in on the reflecting plate, the radiation paster is the curved surface structure to keeping away from the reflecting plate direction arch, just offer a slot line on the radiation paster at least.

Preferably, a hollow installation space is formed between the radiation patch and the reflecting plate, and the matching network and part of the feed balun are positioned in the installation space.

Preferably, the plane of the matching network is parallel to the plane of the reflecting plate, the plane of the feeding balun is perpendicular to the plane of the matching network, one end of the feeding balun is fixed on the matching network, and the other end of the feeding balun penetrates out of the radiation patch.

Preferably, a feeding protrusion is formed on one end of the feeding balun, which is far away from the matching network, the feeding protrusion penetrates out of the radiation patch, and the feeding balun, the radiation patch and the matching network form a feeding loop through the feeding protrusion.

Preferably, the radiation patch comprises a first radiation surface parallel to the plane of the reflecting plate, a second radiation surface formed by bending the two side ends of the first radiation surface towards the direction close to the reflecting plate, and a third radiation surface formed by bending the lower end of the second radiation surface towards the direction close to the reflecting plate.

Preferably, two parallel slot lines are transversely arranged on the first radiation surface.

Preferably, the other side of the reflecting plate is also provided with a radiation unit, the patch radiation unit further comprises at least one coupling piece, and the two radiation units are coupled or directly connected through the coupling piece, so that the effect of improving the impedance matching bandwidth is achieved.

Preferably, both ends of the coupling piece are directly welded with the radiation patches on the corresponding sides.

Preferably, one end of the coupling piece is directly welded with the radiation patch on the corresponding side, and the other end is coupled with the radiation patch on the corresponding side.

Preferably, both ends of the coupling sheet are coupled with the radiation sheets of the corresponding sides.

Preferably, two ends of the coupling piece are respectively connected with the third radiation surface of the radiation patch on the corresponding side.

Preferably, the two matching networks on both sides of the reflecting plate are electrically connected through a U-shaped adapter passing through the reflecting plate.

Preferably, the curved surface structure formed by the radiation patch is at least one of an arc curved surface, a square curved surface, an elliptical curved surface and a horn curved surface.

Preferably, the radiation patch is an air patch.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. the radiation patch is designed into a structure with a conformal curved surface and a grooved surface, so that the working bandwidth is greatly widened, the miniaturization of a radiation unit is realized, and the broadband requirement can be met; and matching and pattern performance are further optimized due to the meander (i.e. slotting) technique and the addition of the coupling arms.

2. According to the invention, the same radiation units on two sides of the reflecting plate are designed, and the two radiation units form a group of patch unit arrays back to back on two sides of the reflecting plate, so that space omnidirectional radiation can be realized.

3. The coupling patch of the invention adopts the form of air plus metal patch to improve the power capacity to a certain extent.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a patch radiating element of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side elevational view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded construction of a patch radiating element of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radiating patch of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a patch radiating element of the present invention with a single radiating element mounted;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure in the direction A-A of fig. 5.

Reference numerals:

100. the antenna comprises a reflecting plate, 101, a switching groove, 200, a radiating unit, 201, a radiating patch, 202, a feed balun, 203, a matching network, 204, a first radiating surface, 205, a second radiating surface, 206, a third radiating surface, 207, a slot line, 208, a feed protrusion, 209, a through hole, 300, an installation space, 400, a coupling piece, 500 and a U-shaped switching piece.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The patch radiating unit disclosed by the invention adopts a structure with conformal curved surfaces and grooved surfaces, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively widened on the premise of reducing the width of the radiating unit, and the broadband requirement can be met.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a patch radiating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a reflecting plate 100 and two radiating units 200 symmetrically mounted on opposite sides of the reflecting plate 100, each radiating unit 200 includes a radiating patch 201, a feeding balun 202 and a matching network 203, the radiating patch 201 is electrically connected to the matching network 203 through the feeding balun 202, and the matching network 203 is fixed on the reflecting plate 100.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the radiation patch 201 has a curved surface structure that arches away from the reflecting plate 100, so as to form a radiation unit that can be conformally curved (e.g., with an antenna housing), and the width of the radiation unit can be reduced by conformally curved surface, so that the invention can effectively widen the working bandwidth of the antenna on the premise of reducing the width of the radiation unit.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the radiation patch 201 includes a first radiation surface 204, a second radiation surface 205 and a third radiation surface 206, wherein the first radiation surface 204 is located above the reflective plate 100 and is parallel to the plane where the reflective plate 100 is located, the second radiation surface 205 is formed by bending two side ends of the first radiation surface 204 toward the direction close to the reflective plate 100, and the third radiation surface 206 is formed by bending a lower end of the second radiation surface 205 toward the direction close to the reflective plate 100.

Of course, in implementation, the radiation patch 201 may be replaced by a curved surface having another shape, such as an arc curved surface, a square curved surface, an elliptical curved surface, or a horn curved surface, which is different according to the curved surface shape of the object conformal to the curved surface. In addition, in this embodiment, the radiation patch 201 is an air patch, and the coupling patch 201 is in the form of an air-metal patch, which is easy to produce, can reduce the overall weight of the antenna, and improves the power capacity to a certain extent.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, at least one slot line 207 is further disposed on the radiation patch 201, and the slot line 207 may be in various forms, such as a straight form, a curved form, etc., and different curved flow features (i.e. slot lines are formed) are etched on the radiation patch 201, so as to further improve bandwidth and miniaturization. Specifically, in this embodiment, two parallel slot lines 207 are disposed transversely on the first radiation surface 204 of the radiation patch 201. The addition of meander features on the radiating patch 201 allows further optimization of antenna matching, pattern, standing wave tuning performance.

As shown in fig. 1, a hollow installation space 300 is formed between the radiation patch 201 and the reflection plate 100, and the matching network 203 and part of the feeding balun 202 are located in the installation space 300. Specifically, the matching network 203 is fixed on the reflecting plate 100, and a plane of the matching network 203 is parallel to a plane of the reflecting plate 100. In practice, the matching network 203 may be secured by corresponding securing structures (not shown), such as screws.

The plane of the feed balun 202 is perpendicular to the plane of the matching network 203, and one end of the feed balun is fixed on the matching network 203, for example, the feed balun can be fixed by welding; the other end passes out of the radiation patch 201, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, at least one feeding protrusion 208 is formed on the end of the feeding balun 202 away from the matching network 203 (i.e., the other end here), and the feeding protrusion 208 passes out of the radiation patch 201. In this embodiment, the radiation patch 201 is provided with a through hole 209 for the feeding protrusion 208 to pass through, and the feeding protrusion 208 passes through the through hole 209 and passes through the radiation patch 201. In this embodiment, a feeding bump 208 is disposed on the feeding balun 202, so that a feeding loop is formed between the feeding bump 208 and the radiation patch 201 and the matching network 203 by the feeding balun 202. In practice, the matching network 203 and the feed balun 202 may be PCB boards.

The two radiation units 200 are symmetrically disposed at both sides of the reflection plate 100, and thus, omni-directional radiation of a space can be realized. In this embodiment, the two radiating units 200 are coupled or directly connected through the coupling piece 400, specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, four coupling pieces 400 are provided in this embodiment, two ends of each coupling piece 400 are respectively connected to the third radiating surface 206 of the radiating patch 201 on the corresponding side, and in a specific implementation, two ends of the coupling piece 400 and the radiating patch 201 on the corresponding side can be directly welded; one end of the radiation patch 201 on the corresponding side can be directly welded, and the other end of the radiation patch 201 on the corresponding side can be coupled; it is also possible that both ends of the coupling sheet 400 are coupled with the radiation patches 201 of the corresponding sides; the coupling piece 400 may also extend from one side of the radiation patch 201 to be integrally formed with the radiation patch 201, and the other end may be directly welded or coupled with the radiation patch 201 at the other side. The invention forms a group of patch unit arrays back to back on two sides of the reflecting plate 100, can realize space omnidirectional radiation, and the structure of sharing the coupling arm back to back (realized by the coupling piece) is beneficial to improving the matching and the radiation characteristics of the directional pattern of the antenna.

In addition, the upper matching network 203 and the lower matching network 203 are electrically connected, and in this embodiment, the two matching networks 203 are electrically connected through a U-shaped adaptor 500. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, the reflection plate 100 is provided with a transfer slot 101 through which the U-shaped transfer member 500 passes, one end of the U-shaped transfer member 500 passes through the transfer slot 101 and is electrically connected to the upper matching network 203, and the other end is electrically connected to the lower matching network 203, so that the two matching networks 203 on both sides of the reflection plate 100 are connected. The structure of the U-shaped adaptor 500 for switching the upper and lower matching networks 203 adopted by the invention greatly simplifies the connection complexity of the upper and lower matching networks 203 and ensures good electrical performance.

As an alternative embodiment, a plurality of the radiation units 200 may be disposed on one side of the reflective plate 100, and the radiation patch 201 has a curved surface conformal or planar structure similar to the structure of the radiation units 200, which is specifically referred to the above description and will not be repeated herein. In this way, the patch radiating elements can achieve the same technical effect on the same plane using the common arm concept described above.

While the foregoing has been disclosed in the specification and drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that the scope of the invention be limited not by the specific embodiments disclosed, but by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The patch radiating unit comprises a reflecting plate and a radiating unit arranged on one side of the reflecting plate, wherein the radiating unit comprises a radiating patch, a feed balun and a matching network, the radiating patch is electrically connected with the matching network through the feed balun, and the matching network is fixed on the reflecting plate; the other side of the reflecting plate is also provided with the radiation units, and the radiation units on the two sides are coupled or directly connected through the coupling piece to realize space omnidirectional radiation.

2. The patch radiating element of claim 1 wherein the plane of the matching network is parallel to the plane of the reflector, the plane of the feed balun is perpendicular to the plane of the matching network, and one end of the feed balun is fixed to the matching network and the other end of the feed balun extends out of the radiating patch.

3. The patch radiating element of claim 2 wherein the feed balun forms a feed tab on an end of the feed balun remote from the matching network, the feed tab extending out of the radiating patch, the feed balun forming a feed loop with the radiating patch and the matching network through the feed tab.

4. The patch radiating element of claim 1 wherein the radiating patch comprises a first radiating surface parallel to the plane of the reflector, a second radiating surface formed by bending from two side ends of the first radiating surface toward the reflector, and a third radiating surface formed by bending from the lower end of the second radiating surface toward the reflector.

5. The patch radiating element of claim 4 wherein the first radiating surface is laterally provided with two parallel slot lines.

6. The patch radiating element of claim 1 wherein both ends of the coupling piece are directly welded to the radiating patch on the corresponding side.

7. The patch radiating element of claim 1 wherein one end of the coupling piece is directly welded to the radiating patch on the corresponding side and the other end is coupled to the radiating patch on the corresponding side.

8. The patch radiating element of claim 1 wherein both ends of the coupling patch are coupled to the radiating patches on the respective sides.

9. The patch radiating element of claim 1 wherein the two matching networks on either side of the reflector are electrically connected by a U-shaped adapter passing through the reflector.

10. The patch radiating element of claim 1 wherein the radiating patch forms a curved surface structure that is at least one of a circular arc curved surface, a square curved surface, an elliptical curved surface, and a horn curved surface.