CN220748669U - Hydrogen fuel recycling system of multistage parallel injector - Google Patents
Hydrogen fuel recycling system of multistage parallel injector Download PDFInfo
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- CN220748669U CN220748669U CN202322423424.6U CN202322423424U CN220748669U CN 220748669 U CN220748669 U CN 220748669U CN 202322423424 U CN202322423424 U CN 202322423424U CN 220748669 U CN220748669 U CN 220748669U
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- injector
- gas
- fuel cell
- liquid separator
- hydrogen
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cells for vehicles, and relates to a hydrogen fuel recycling system of multistage parallel injectors, which comprises a hydrogen tank, wherein the hydrogen tank is connected with a first injector and a second injector in parallel, the first injector and the second injector are connected to a fuel cell together, a current sensor is arranged on the fuel cell, the current sensor is respectively and electrically connected with the first injector and the second injector, the fuel cell is connected with a gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first injector through a first electromagnetic valve, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the second injector through a second electromagnetic valve, and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are electrically connected to the current sensor. The utility model can adjust the throat areas of different injectors in real time according to the output current of the fuel cell to control the inlet pressure of the injectors, dynamically control the primary flow hydrogen supply quantity, and realize multi-working condition and multi-mode operation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cells for vehicles, and particularly relates to a hydrogen fuel recycling system of a multistage parallel injector.
Background
In the working process of the fuel cell, a part of hydrogen does not participate in the reaction, and if the unreacted hydrogen is directly discharged into the atmosphere, not only is the fuel hydrogen wasted, but also certain pollution is caused to the atmosphere. In order to solve the problem, the current solution is to recycle the residual hydrogen after the fuel cell reaction by adopting a hydrogen circulation system. The existing hydrogen circulation mode mainly comprises a mechanical circulation pump and an ejector, wherein the mechanical pump can generate additional energy consumption, noise, vibration and other problems, and compared with the prior art, the ejector only uses hydrogen source pressure as power, and can realize hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation recycling without additional energy consumption, so that the ejector is used for a hydrogen circulation system and becomes a hot spot for people to study.
The injector-based hydrogen circulation system draws residual hydrogen from the fuel cell reaction from the recirculation line by means of the jet energy generated by the hydrogen injector, along with the hydrogen supplied by the fuel into the fuel cell. Although the system can effectively improve the utilization rate of hydrogen fuel and increase the endurance mileage, the main problems faced by the existing injector hydrogen circulation system are as follows:
(1) The traditional injector can not adapt to the working requirements under different working conditions because of fixed internal structure size. When working under the design working condition, the device has good working performance; once the operating conditions change, the operating efficiency of the injector may decrease.
(2) When the fixed ejector works under low power, the purpose of injecting secondary flow cannot be achieved.
(3) The combination of the ejector and the circulating pump can solve the disadvantages of the ejector, but the use of the pump inevitably brings about the problems of energy consumption, noise and the like.
The publication number CN111029617a discloses an "injector usable for a fuel cell, a fuel cell system and a fuel cell vehicle", this patent describes an integrated recirculation line and fuel injection valve seat that improves flow stability by reducing the flow path length of the hydrogen. The ejector has the defects that the ejector coefficient of the ejector fluctuates obviously when running under the variable working condition, and the working efficiency of the ejector is affected.
Publication No. CN264857856U discloses a "fuel cell vehicle injector", which describes a nozzle member employing a porous structure. The method has the defects that when the primary flow with excessive pressure passes through the porous nozzle, the energy loss is high, a plurality of jet cores are formed after the primary flow passes through the porous nozzle, and when the diameter of the jet cores is excessive, the secondary flow channel is extruded, so that the injection capacity is reduced.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need to develop a new hydrogen circulation system that can effectively expand the working space of the injector and improve the efficiency of the injector to meet the demands of market and social development.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a hydrogen fuel recycling system of a multistage parallel injector, which aims at optimizing and improving defects of a traditional injector, and a plurality of injectors are connected in parallel to a fuel cell, so that the mass flow of hydrogen supply is changed, the range of output power is widened, and multi-working-condition and multi-mode operation can be realized by regulating and controlling inlet pressures of different injectors.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a hydrogen fuel recycling system of a multi-stage parallel injector (taking two-stage parallel injector as an example), comprising a hydrogen tank, wherein the hydrogen tank is connected with a first injector and a second injector in parallel, the first injector and the second injector are connected to a fuel cell together, a current sensor is arranged on the fuel cell, the current sensor is respectively and electrically connected with the first injector and the second injector, the fuel cell is connected with a gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first injector through a first electromagnetic valve, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the second injector through a second electromagnetic valve, and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are electrically connected to the current sensor;
a first pressure control module is arranged on a circuit of the current sensor electrically connected with the first ejector, and a second pressure control module is arranged on a circuit of the current sensor electrically connected with the second ejector;
the first electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the circuit of the current sensor and is provided with a first flow control module, and the second electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the circuit of the current sensor and is provided with a second flow control module.
Preferably, the first injector and the second injector are adjustable injectors, and include a first injector primary inflow port, a first injector secondary inflow port, a first injector outlet, a second injector primary inflow port, a second injector secondary inflow port, and a second injector outlet.
Preferably, the fuel cell is provided with two inlets and one outlet, a fuel cell first inlet, a fuel cell second inlet and a fuel cell outlet, respectively.
Preferably, the gas-liquid separator is provided with a gas-liquid separator first outlet, a gas-liquid separator second outlet and a gas-liquid separator third outlet, and the gas-liquid separator third outlet is connected with a drain valve.
Preferably, the first injector and the second injector are internally divided into a main nozzle section, an introduction chamber, a mixing section and an expanding section.
Preferably, the rear sides of the first ejector and the second ejector are respectively provided with a stepping motor, and the stepping motors are connected with an adjusting taper shaft to extend into the ejectors.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effects that,
1. according to the utility model, residual hydrogen after the fuel cell reaction is ejected back to the ejector for cyclic utilization by utilizing the suction effect of the ejector, so that the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the endurance mileage is increased;
2. according to the utility model, the fuel cells are connected in parallel through the multistage injectors, and the large-range change of output power is realized on the premise that the primary flow pressure of hydrogen is relatively stable and the injection capacity of the injectors is not influenced;
3. the inlet pressure of the injector can be controlled by adjusting the throat areas of different injectors in real time according to the output current of the fuel cell, and the primary flow hydrogen supply quantity is dynamically controlled, so that multi-working condition and multi-mode operation can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a hydrogen fuel recirculation system of a multi-stage side-by-side injector;
FIG. 2 is an internal block diagram of a first injector in a hydrogen fuel recirculation system of a multi-stage side-by-side injector;
in the above figures, 1, a hydrogen tank, 2, a first injector, 3, a second injector, 4, a fuel cell, 5, a gas-liquid separator, 6, a first solenoid valve, 7, a second solenoid valve, 8, a first pressure control module, 9, a second pressure control module, 10, a first flow control module, 11, a second flow control module, 12, and a current sensor;
the first ejector 2 comprises 21, a first ejector primary inflow port, 22, a first ejector secondary inflow port, 23, a first ejector outlet, 201, a main nozzle section, 202, an introduction chamber, 203, a mixing section, 204, an expansion section, 211, a stepping motor, 212 and an adjusting cone;
the second ejector 3 comprises 31, a second ejector primary inflow port, 33, a second ejector secondary inflow port, 33 and a second ejector outlet;
the fuel cell 4 comprises 41, a fuel cell first inlet, 42, a fuel cell second inlet, 43, a fuel cell outlet;
the gas-liquid separator 5 comprises 50, a drain valve, 51, a gas-liquid separator first outlet, 52, a gas-liquid separator second outlet, 53 and a gas-liquid separator third outlet.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be more clearly understood, a further description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, however, the present utility model may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and therefore the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments of the disclosure that follow.
In the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, taking a two-stage parallel injector as an example, a hydrogen fuel recycling system of a multi-stage parallel injector comprises a hydrogen tank 1, a first injector 2, a second injector 3, a fuel cell 4, a gas-liquid separator 5, a first electromagnetic valve 6, a second electromagnetic valve 7, a first pressure control module 8, a second pressure control module 9, a first flow control module 10, a second flow control module 11 and a current sensor 12, wherein the hydrogen tank 1 is connected with the first injector 2 and the second injector 3 in parallel, the first injector 2 and the second injector 3 are commonly connected to the fuel cell 4, the current sensor 12 is respectively and electrically connected with the first injector 2 and the second injector 3, the fuel cell 4 is connected with the gas-liquid separator 5, the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected with the first injector 2 through the first electromagnetic valve 6, the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected with the second injector 3 through the second electromagnetic valve 7, the first electromagnetic valve 6 is electrically connected with the second electromagnetic valve 7, the first electromagnetic valve 12 is electrically connected with the second electromagnetic valve 7, the first pressure sensor 12 is electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve 7, the second electromagnetic valve 7 is electrically connected with the second electromagnetic valve 7, the current sensor 12 is electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve 7, the first pressure sensor 12 is electrically connected with the second electromagnetic valve 3, the current sensor 12 is electrically connected with the second electromagnetic valve 4 is provided with the second electromagnetic valve 4, and the current sensor 12 is electrically connected with the second pressure sensor 12.
Wherein the first ejector 2 and the second ejector 3 are adjustable ejectors, are provided with a primary inflow port, a secondary inflow port and other two inlets and a mixed outflow port, and comprise a first ejector primary inflow port 21, a first ejector secondary inflow port 22, a first ejector outlet 23, a second ejector primary inflow port 31, a second ejector secondary inflow port 32 and a second ejector outlet 33,
the rear sides of the first ejector 2 and the second ejector 3 are respectively provided with a stepping motor 211, the stepping motor is connected with an adjusting taper shaft 212 and stretches into the ejector, the first ejector 2 or the second ejector 3 can be axially moved by the stepping motor 211 through adjusting the adjusting taper 212, and the inner structures of the first ejector 2 and the second ejector 3 are equally divided into four parts of a main nozzle section 201, an introducing chamber 202, a mixing section 203 and an expanding section 204.
The fuel cell 4 is provided with two inlets and one outlet, the upper part of the fuel cell 4 is provided with a first inlet 51 of the fuel cell and a second inlet 52 of the fuel cell, and the bottom of the fuel cell 4 is provided with a fuel cell outlet 53. The gas-liquid separator 5 is provided with a gas-liquid separator first outlet 51, a gas-liquid separator second outlet 52 and a gas-liquid separator third outlet 53, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separator third outlet 53 is connected with a drain valve 50.
The outlet of the hydrogen tank 1 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the primary inflow port 21 of the first injector, and the outlet 23 of the first injector is connected with the first inlet 41 of the fuel cell; the other is connected to the primary inlet 31 of the second injector, and the outlet 33 of the second injector is connected to the second inlet 42 of the fuel cell. The fuel cell outlet 43 is connected with the gas-liquid separator 5, two outlets are arranged at the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 5, a first outlet 51 of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the secondary flow inlet 22 of the first ejector, and a second outlet 52 of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the secondary flow inlet 32 of the second ejector. The first solenoid valve 6 is arranged between the gas-liquid separator first outlet 51 and the first injector 2, and the second solenoid valve 7 is arranged between the gas-liquid separator second outlet 52 and the second injector 3.
The first pressure control module 8 is connected with the stepping motor 211 and the current sensor 12 of the first injector 2 respectively. The second pressure control module 9 is connected to the stepper motor of the second injector 3 and the current sensor 12, respectively. The first flow control module 10 is connected to the first solenoid valve 6 and the current sensor 12, respectively. The second flow control module 11 is connected with the second electromagnetic valve 7 and the current sensor 12 respectively.
The hydrogen with higher pressure potential energy is discharged from the outlet of the hydrogen tank 1 and is divided into two paths, one path of hydrogen enters the first injector 2 from the primary inflow inlet 21 of the first injector, the first pressure control module 8 is regulated to enable the primary flow pressure entering the first injector 2 to be 0.6MPa, the primary flow hydrogen does not contain water vapor, the primary flow hydrogen passes through the main nozzle section 201 inside the first injector 2, the pressure potential energy is converted into kinetic energy of the hydrogen in the nozzle, the high-speed flowing primary flow hydrogen causes a local high negative pressure area with the pressure of 0.2MPa to be formed after the suction chamber 202, and the pressure is lower than the pressure of 0.29MPa at the secondary inflow inlet 22 of the first injector, so that the residual hydrogen vapor in the gas-liquid separator 5 is ejected from the secondary inflow inlet 22 of the first injector to the suction chamber 202 through the first outlet 51 of the gas-liquid separator and the first electromagnetic valve 6, wherein the residual hydrogen vapor accounts for about 57%; the two fluids are fully mixed in the mixing section 203 after passing through the suction chamber 202, the flow rate of the mixed hydrogen is reduced, the pressure is increased, the kinetic energy is gradually converted into pressure potential energy, and the hydrogen steam with the pressure of 0.31MPa accounts for 39% and flows out of the first injector outlet 23 and enters the first inlet 41 of the fuel cell. The other path of hydrogen enters the second injector 3 from the primary inflow port 31 of the second injector, the second pressure control module 9 is adjusted to enable the primary flow pressure entering the second injector 3 to be 0.5MPa, the working flow of the first injector is repeated, the purposes of drainage and pressurization are achieved, the pressurized hydrogen pressure is 0.25MPa, and the hydrogen flows out from the outlet 33 of the second injector and enters the second inlet 42 of the fuel cell.
The hydrogen entering the anode of the fuel cell 4 and the oxygen entering the cathode are subjected to electrochemical reaction to generate electric energy, liquid water, impurity gas and unreacted residual hydrogen generated by the reaction enter the gas-liquid separator 5, the liquid water is accumulated at the bottom end of the gas-liquid separator 5 to absorb part of the residual hydrogen and the impurity gas, and then the residual hydrogen is discharged from the third outlet 53 of the gas-liquid separator after being opened through the drain valve 50, and most of the residual hydrogen flows out from the outlet at the upper part of the gas-liquid separator in two ways under the ejection effect of the ejector. The first solenoid valve 6 is regulated by the first flow control module 10 so that the residual hydrogen pressure flowing out from the gas-liquid separator first outlet 51 is 0.3MPa water vapor at a ratio of about 57% and flows into the first ejector 2 through the first ejector secondary flow inlet 22; the second electromagnetic valve 7 is regulated by the second flow control module 11, so that the other path of residual hydrogen gas has the pressure of 0.25MPa, the water vapor accounts for 57 percent, and the residual hydrogen gas flows into the second ejector 3 from the second outlet 52 of the gas-liquid separator through the second electromagnetic valve 7 and the secondary flow inlet 32 of the second ejector, thereby realizing the recycling of the residual hydrogen gas and improving the utilization rate of the fuel hydrogen gas.
The current sensor 12 is used for monitoring the change of the output current of the fuel cell, and when the current is larger, the power output by the fuel cell is higher; conversely, the smaller the current, the lower the power output by the fuel cell.
When the output power of the fuel cell 4 is required to be increased due to actual demand, signals are transmitted to the first pressure control module 8, the second pressure control module 9, the first flow control module 10, and the second flow control module 11, respectively, through the current sensor 12. Suitably, the first pressure control module 8 is adjusted to increase the primary inflow pressure of the first ejector 2 to control the primary flow rate, and the second pressure control module 9 is adjusted to increase the primary inflow pressure of the second ejector 3 to control the primary flow rate; at this time, due to the change of the primary flow rate of the ejectors, the first electromagnetic valve 6 is regulated by controlling the first flow rate control module 10, and the second electromagnetic valve 7 is regulated by controlling the second flow rate control module 11, so that the secondary flow rates flowing into the two ejectors are respectively increased appropriately, and the reasonable ratio of the primary flow rate to the secondary flow rate of the ejectors is satisfied. When the output power of the fuel cell 4 is actually required to be low, the pressure and flow control module is regulated and controlled by a signal transmitted by the current sensor 12, and the first injector 2 and the first electromagnetic valve 6 or the second injector 3 and the second electromagnetic valve 7 are selectively closed according to the actual situation, so that the single-stage injector operation is realized.
It should be noted that the present disclosure uses two-stage side-by-side injectors as an example, the number of injectors may be set as desired, and other matters not described in detail in the present disclosure are well known to those skilled in the art.
The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any equivalent embodiments which can be changed or modified by the technical content disclosed above can be applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present utility model without departing from the technical content of the present utility model still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. The hydrogen fuel recycling system of the multistage parallel injector is characterized by comprising a hydrogen tank, wherein the hydrogen tank is connected with a first injector and a second injector in parallel, the first injector and the second injector are connected to a fuel cell together, a current sensor is arranged on the fuel cell, the current sensor is respectively and electrically connected with the first injector and the second injector, the fuel cell is connected with a gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first injector through a first electromagnetic valve, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the second injector through a second electromagnetic valve, and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are electrically connected to the current sensor;
a first pressure control module is arranged on a circuit of the current sensor electrically connected with the first ejector, and a second pressure control module is arranged on a circuit of the current sensor electrically connected with the second ejector;
the first electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the circuit of the current sensor and is provided with a first flow control module, and the second electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the circuit of the current sensor and is provided with a second flow control module.
2. The hydrogen fuel recycling system of a multi-stage parallel injector of claim 1, wherein the first and second injectors are adjustable injectors comprising a first injector primary flow inlet, a first injector secondary flow inlet and a first injector outlet, and a second injector primary flow inlet, a second injector secondary flow inlet and a second injector outlet.
3. A hydrogen fuel recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is provided with two inlets and one outlet, a fuel cell first inlet, a fuel cell second inlet and a fuel cell outlet, respectively.
4. The hydrogen fuel recycling system of a multistage parallel injector according to claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid separator is provided with a gas-liquid separator first outlet, a gas-liquid separator second outlet, and a gas-liquid separator third outlet, and the gas-liquid separator third outlet is connected with a drain valve.
5. A hydrogen fuel recycling system according to claim 1, wherein said first injector and said second injector are divided into a main nozzle section, an introduction chamber, a mixing section and an expansion section.
6. The hydrogen fuel recycling system of multi-stage parallel injectors according to claim 1, wherein the first injector and the second injector are respectively provided with a stepping motor at the rear side, and the stepping motor is connected with an adjusting cone shaft to extend into the injectors.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322423424.6U CN220748669U (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Hydrogen fuel recycling system of multistage parallel injector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322423424.6U CN220748669U (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Hydrogen fuel recycling system of multistage parallel injector |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN220748669U true CN220748669U (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202322423424.6U Active CN220748669U (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Hydrogen fuel recycling system of multistage parallel injector |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN220748669U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-07 CN CN202322423424.6U patent/CN220748669U/en active Active
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