CN114759224A - Wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system - Google Patents
Wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114759224A CN114759224A CN202110021583.6A CN202110021583A CN114759224A CN 114759224 A CN114759224 A CN 114759224A CN 202110021583 A CN202110021583 A CN 202110021583A CN 114759224 A CN114759224 A CN 114759224A
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system which mainly comprises a high-pressure gas supply device, a multistage injection device, a control module and a galvanic pile valve group. The method comprises the steps that high-pressure hydrogen is conducted to a multi-stage ejector through a high-pressure gas supply device in a decompression mode, the multi-stage ejector is composed of a plurality of single-stage ejector components, the single-stage ejector components are composed of a hydrogen ejector group, a pressure transmitter and an ejector, a control module calculates hydrogen flow required by the pile according to power load by collecting operation parameters of the pressure transmitter and the pile, the stage number of the single-stage ejector in the multi-stage ejector is selectively started through a control method of the control module, and the pulse width of the hydrogen ejector group is adjusted to guarantee that a fuel cell system can effectively operate at low, medium and high wide power load working points, and meanwhile the problem that residual steam condensate in the ejector cannot be discharged to cause the icing of the residual condensate of the ejector when the environment temperature is low is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system.
Background
With the continuous increase of national economy and the increasing requirement on environmental protection, automobile exhaust is one of the main factors of global greenhouse effect, and the new energy automobile can greatly reduce the carbon emission of the automobile exhaust and play an important role in energy transformation. In a fuel cell system, a hydrogen supply system is mainly divided into two modes of anode closed end and hydrogen circulation at present, wherein the hydrogen circulation can be divided into hydrogen pump circulation and ejector circulation. The ejector is widely used at present because of the advantages of low processing difficulty, low energy consumption and the like. Although the traditional ejector can have a good ejection effect under the working condition of high power and large flow, the traditional ejector has a poor ejection effect under the working condition of low power and small flow, and the requirement of hydrogen circulation cannot be met.
In the patent of the prior application publication No. CN 106784930A 'double-jet hydrogen ejector device of a fuel cell automobile power system', hydrogen circulation air supply under the working conditions of low power and high power can be satisfied through the parallel double-jet ejector device. But the performance of the ejector under the high-power working condition is not as good as that under the high power.
In the prior patent with the publication number of CN 209607847U, an ejector unit and a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell with the ejector unit, two ejectors are connected in series through a proportional control valve. However, it is difficult to control the accuracy of the flow rate by controlling the proportional control valve with the pressure signal.
One problem common to both of the above prior patents is: the problem that residual condensed water in the ejector is frozen when the ambient temperature is low due to the fact that the residual condensed water in the ejector cannot be discharged is not considered.
Therefore, widening the use condition of the hydrogen ejector circulating system is a difficult point of the hydrogen ejector circulating system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen circulation system, so that the ejector can have an adequate ejector ratio in the low, medium and high power variation ranges of the fuel cell system, maintain the required excess hydrogen coefficient, and solve the problem that the residual condensed water in the ejector freezes when the ambient temperature is low due to the fact that the residual condensed water in the ejector cannot be discharged.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a wide power spectrum multistage penetrates hydrogen circulation system that draws, includes high-pressure gas supply device, multistage injection apparatus, control module and pile valves, and high-pressure hydrogen passes through flow out after the high-pressure hydrogen supply device decompression to multistage injection apparatus, control module carries out the analysis according to fuel cell system operating condition, controls multistage injection apparatus's injection ratio makes hydrogen follow multistage injection apparatus flows to pile valves positive pole entry, and surplus sufficient moist hydrogen is followed pile valves positive pole export passes through multistage injection apparatus's level 1 ejector nozzle for multistage injection hydrogen circulation system forms a return circuit.
Preferably, the high-pressure gas supply device comprises a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group, a bottleneck valve group and a pressure regulating valve, wherein high-pressure hydrogen flows out of the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group through the bottleneck valve group, and is decompressed to a pressure range required by the fuel cell system through the pressure regulating valve, so that a hydrogen source is provided for the multistage injection device.
Preferably, the multistage ejector device is composed of a plurality of groups of single-stage ejector components which are highly integrated by a hydrogen ejector group, a pressure transmitter and an ejector, the stage range is 2-10 stages, the hydrogen ejector group in the single-stage ejector component is formed by connecting a plurality of hydrogen ejectors in parallel, and the pressure transmitter is positioned between the hydrogen ejector group and the ejector.
Preferably, the hydrogen ejectors in the jetting ejector assemblies are mutually connected in parallel, the ejectors in the jetting ejector assemblies are connected in series two by two, an ejector pressure transmitter is arranged between an ejector outlet in the upper jetting ejector assembly and an ejector inlet in the lower jetting ejector assembly, if the hydrogen ejector in the 1 st jetting ejector assembly is connected in parallel with the hydrogen ejector in the 2 nd jetting ejector assembly, the ejector outlet in the 1 st jetting ejector assembly is connected in series with the ejector inlet in the 2 nd jetting ejector assembly, and an ejector pressure transmitter is arranged between the ejector outlet in the 1 st jetting ejector assembly and the ejector inlet in the 2 nd jetting ejector assembly.
Preferably, above-mentioned pile valves comprises pile, pile anode entry pressure transmitter, pile anode outlet pressure transmitter, water vapor separator, hydrogen discharge valve, drain valve, and pile anode entry pressure transmitter is located pile anode entry, pile anode outlet pressure transmitter is located pile anode export, drain valve and hydrogen discharge valve are installed in pile anode export.
Preferably, in the multi-stage ejector device composed of multiple single-stage ejector components, the flow-pressure characteristic curves among all stages of hydrogen ejector groups can be completely the same, completely different or partially the same, the performance parameters of all stages of ejectors can be completely the same, completely different or partially the same, the ejectors can be conventional single-stage ejectors which respectively have only 1 jet inlet, one ejector inlet and one ejector outlet, one deformation mode of the ejectors is that the ejector inlet end of the ejector is provided with a drain hole which is connected with the ejector inlet in parallel, the drain hole of the ejector in each stage of the ejector components is connected with the drain valve of the stack valve group, and when the fuel cell is shut down, condensed water generated by humid hydrogen in the ejector at low environmental temperature can flow out and be collected to the drain valve of the stack valve group through the drain hole, the problem that the fuel cell cannot be started due to icing of residual water vapor of the ejector in the multistage injection ejector assembly caused by excessively low ambient temperature during cold start can be prevented.
Preferably, the connection sequence of the multistage single-stage ejector component in the multistage ejector device and the galvanic pile valve group can be in various combinations, can be a single-stage injection ejector component connected with an anode inlet of a galvanic pile in the galvanic pile valve group, is the 1 st stage, the single-stage injection ejector component connected with the water-steam separator at the outlet of the galvanic pile anode in the galvanic pile valve group is the nth stage, or the single-stage injection ejector component connected with the inlet of the galvanic pile anode in the galvanic pile valve group is the nth stage, the single-stage injection ejector component connected with the water-vapor separator at the anode outlet of the galvanic pile in the galvanic pile valve group is the level 1, for example, the outlet of the nth stage jet ejector assembly in the multistage jet device is communicated with the anode inlet of the galvanic pile valve bank, and the water-vapor separator of the galvanic pile valve group is connected with an ejector injection port of a 1 st-stage injection ejector assembly in the multi-stage injection device.
Preferably, the control module calculates the air supply quantity of each level of hydrogen injector group and the air supply quantity required by the galvanic pile according to signals of a pressure transmitter, each level of injection pressure transmitters, galvanic pile power, a galvanic pile anode inlet transmitter and a galvanic pile anode outlet pressure transmitter in each level of injection injector assembly, adjusts the opening quantity of the single-pole injection injector assembly to meet the hydrogen flow flowing into the galvanic pile anode inlet under different power working conditions, and controls the opening frequency and the duty ratio of a plurality of hydrogen injectors of the hydrogen injector group in each level of injection injector assembly through PWM pulse width modulation to meet the jet flow quantity and the jet pressure required by an injector injection ratio Map in each level of injection injector assembly.
Preferably, the using number of each level of injection ejector component in the multistage injection device is controlled by the control module according to the electric power working condition, if under the low-power working condition, because the hydrogen quantity required by the galvanic pile is less, only the 1 st level of injection ejector component in the multistage injection device needs to be opened, under the medium-high power working condition, the level number of the injection ejector component in the multistage injection device is increased, but the opening level number is smaller than the total level of the injection ejector components in the multistage injection device, and under the high-power working condition, in order to meet the hydrogen quantity required by the galvanic pile and the surplus quantity of the hydrogen in the galvanic pile, the injection ejector components in all levels of the multistage injection device are opened.
Preferably, one deformation mode of a certain level of the injection ejector component in the multistage injection device is that a proportion adjusting valve is additionally arranged in front of an injector in the injection ejector component, two ends of the proportion adjusting valve are respectively connected with the injector and the hydrogen injector group, the other end of the proportion adjusting valve is connected with an anode inlet of a galvanic pile, a single-level injection ejector component consisting of the hydrogen injector group, the pressure transmitter, the proportion adjusting valve and the injector can be positioned at any level of the multistage injection device, the level injection ejector component is mainly used for reducing the influence of other levels of injection ejector components on the anode gas pressure and flow of the galvanic pile of the fuel cell, the pressure and flow of the anode inlet of the galvanic pile can be ensured to meet the requirements all the time in a certain transient working state, and when the pressure or flow of the anode inlet of the galvanic pile is unstable, the proportion regulating valve in the stage of injection ejector assembly directly connects part or all of the hydrogen flowing in from the hydrogen ejector group to the anode inlet of the galvanic pile, and little or no gas flows in from the injection port of the stage of ejector.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and enable other features, objects, and advantages of the invention to be more apparent. The drawings and their description illustrate the invention and do not limit it. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ejector according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an eductor ejector ratio Map of a single stage eductor assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control strategy for a wide power spectrum multi-stage injection hydrogen circulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numerals have the meanings given below: 1 high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group; 2, a bottle mouth valve bank; 3, a pressure regulating valve; 4 nth stage hydrogen injector group; 5 nth stage pressure transmitter; 6 a 2 nd stage pressure transmitter; 7, a 2 nd-stage ejector; 8 nth level ejector; 9 a pressure transmitter at the anode inlet of the galvanic pile; 10 electric pile; 11 a hydrogen discharge valve; 12 a drain valve; 13 a pile anode outlet pressure transmitter; 14 a water-vapor separator; 15, a level 1 ejector; 16 a stage 1 pressure transmitter; 17 a 1 st stage hydrogen injector group; 18 stage 2 hydrogen injector group; 19 nth level injection pressure transmitter; 20, 2 nd level injection pressure transmitter; 21 high-pressure gas supply device; 22 a stage 1 ejector assembly; 23 stage 2 ejector assembly; 24 nth stage ejector assembly; 25 a jet eductor assembly; 26 a control module; 27 a stack valve bank; 28 proportional regulating valve; 29 a jet inlet; 30 injection inlet; 31 an eductor outlet; 32 drain holes.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a wide-power-spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen circulation system, which enables an ejector to have enough ejection ratio in the low, medium and high power variation ranges in a fuel cell system, maintains the required excess hydrogen coefficient, and solves the problem that residual water vapor condensed and condensed water in the ejector cannot be discharged to cause the residual water condensed and condensed water in the ejector to be frozen when the environmental temperature is low.
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
It should be noted that the terms "first level," "second level," and the like are used herein to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged as appropriate in order to facilitate the embodiments of the invention described herein.
Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, they may be indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be in communication internally between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Fig. 1-6 illustrate an embodiment of the present invention.
The utility model provides a wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system, includes high-pressure gas supply unit 21, multistage injection apparatus 25, control module 26 and galvanic pile valves 28, high-pressure hydrogen passes through flow out after the decompression of high-pressure hydrogen supply unit 21 to multistage injection apparatus 25, control module 26 carries out the analysis according to fuel cell system operating condition, controls multistage injection apparatus 25's injection ratio for hydrogen is followed multistage injection apparatus 25 flows out to galvanic pile valves positive pole entry, and surplus sufficient moist hydrogen is followed galvanic pile valves positive pole export passes through 15 drawing mouths of level 1 ejector of multistage injection apparatus 25 for multistage injection hydrogen circulation system forms a return circuit.
Preferably, the high-pressure gas supply device 21 comprises a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group 1, a bottleneck valve group 2 and a pressure regulating valve 3, wherein high-pressure hydrogen flows out of the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group 1 through the bottleneck valve group 2, and is decompressed to a pressure range required by the fuel cell system through the pressure regulating valve 3, so as to provide a hydrogen source for the multistage injection device 25.
Preferably, the multi-stage ejector 25 is composed of multiple sets of single-stage ejector components 24 (23 and 22) which are highly integrated by the hydrogen ejector groups 4 (18 and 17), the pressure transmitters 5 (6 and 16) and the ejectors 8 (7 and 15), the stage range is 2-10 stages, the hydrogen ejector groups 4 (18 and 17) in the single-stage ejector components 24 (23 and 22) are composed of multiple hydrogen ejectors in parallel, and the pressure transmitters 5 (6 and 16) are located between the hydrogen ejector groups 4 (18 and 17) and the ejectors 8 (7 and 15).
Preferably, the hydrogen injector groups 4 (18, 17) in the injection injector assemblies 24 (23, 22) are connected in parallel, the ejectors 8 (7, 15) in each level of ejector components 24 (23, 22) are connected in series two by two, an injection pressure transmitter is arranged between an injector outlet in the upper-stage injection injector component and an injector injection port in the lower-stage injection injector component, the hydrogen ejector set 17 in the 1 st-stage injection ejector assembly 22 and the hydrogen ejector set 18 in the 2 nd-stage injection ejector assembly 23 are connected in parallel, the ejector 15 outlet in the 1 st-stage injection ejector assembly 22 and the ejector 7 ejector port in the 2 nd-stage injection ejector assembly 23 are connected in series, and an ejector pressure transmitter 20 is arranged between the ejector 15 outlet in the 1 st-stage injection ejector assembly 22 and the ejector 7 ejector port in the 2 nd-stage injection ejector assembly 23.
Preferably, the above-mentioned galvanic pile valve group 27 comprises galvanic pile 10, galvanic pile anode inlet pressure transmitter 9, galvanic pile anode outlet pressure transmitter 13, water vapor separator 14, hydrogen discharge valve 11, drain valve 12, and galvanic pile anode inlet pressure transmitter 9 is located galvanic pile 10 anode inlet, galvanic pile anode outlet pressure transmitter 13 is located galvanic pile 10 anode outlet, drain valve 12 and hydrogen discharge valve 11 are installed in galvanic pile 10 anode outlet.
Preferably, in the multi-stage ejector 25 composed of multiple single-stage ejector assemblies 22 (23, 24), flow-pressure characteristic curves between the stages of hydrogen ejector sets 17 (18, 4) can be all the same, all the different or part of the same, performance parameters of the stages of ejectors 15 (7, 8) can be all the same, all the different or part of the same, the ejectors 15 (7, 8) can be conventional single-stage ejectors respectively provided with only 1 jet inlet 29, one ejector inlet 30 and one ejector outlet 31, one deformation mode of the ejectors 15 (7, 8) is shown in fig. 4, and the ejector ends of the ejectors 15 (7, 8) are provided with a drain hole 32 connected with the ejector inlet 30 in parallel.
Preferably, the drain holes 32 of the injectors 15 (7, 8) in the deformation mode in each injection injector assembly are connected with the drain valve 12 of the stack valve group 27, as shown in fig. 3, when the fuel cell is shut down, condensed water generated by humid hydrogen remaining in the injectors 15 (7, 8) at a low ambient temperature can flow out through the drain holes 32 and be collected to the drain valve 12 of the stack valve group 27, so that the problem that the injector 15 (7, 8) in the multi-injection injector assembly cannot be started due to icing of residual water vapor caused by too low ambient temperature when the fuel cell is cold started can be prevented.
Preferably, the connection sequence between the multi-stage single-stage injector assembly in the multi-stage injection device 25 and the stack valve group 27 may be multiple combinations, the single-stage injection injector assembly connected to the anode inlet of the stack in the stack valve group 27 may be the 1 st stage, the single-stage injection injector assembly connected to the water-vapor separator 14 at the anode outlet of the stack in the stack valve group 27 may be the nth stage, the single-stage injection injector assembly connected to the anode inlet of the stack in the stack valve group 27 may be the nth stage, the single-stage injection injector assembly connected to the water-vapor separator 27 at the anode outlet of the stack in the stack valve group 27 may be the 1 st stage, for example, the outlet of the n-stage injection injector assembly 24 in the multi-stage injection device 25 is communicated with the anode inlet of the stack 10 of the stack valve group 27, the water-vapor separator 14 of the stack valve group 27 is connected to the injector 15 injector port of the injector assembly 22 at the 1 st stage injector assembly 22 in the multi-stage injection device 25 .
Preferably, the control module 26 calculates the air supply amount of each stage of hydrogen injector group 17 (18, 4) and the air supply amount required by the stack according to signals of the pressure transmitters 16 (6, 5), each stage of injection pressure transmitters 20 (19), the stack power, the stack anode inlet transmitter 9 and the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter 13 in each stage of injection injector assembly 22 (23, 24), adjusts the opening number of the single-pole injection injector assembly 22 (23, 24) to meet the hydrogen flow amount flowing into the anode inlet of the stack 10 under different power working conditions, controlling the opening frequency and the duty ratio of a plurality of hydrogen injectors of the hydrogen injector groups 17 (18, 4) in the injection injector assemblies 22 (23, 24) of each stage through PWM pulse width modulation, so as to meet the jet flow and the jet pressure required by the ejector injection ratio Map in each level of the injection ejector groups 22 (23, 24).
Preferably, the number of the injection ejector components 22 (23, 24) at each level in the multistage injection device 25 is controlled by the control module 26 according to the electric power working condition, for example, under a low-power working condition, because the hydrogen quantity required by the electric pile 10 is less, only the 1 st injection ejector component 22 in the multistage injection device 25 needs to be opened, under a high-power working condition, the number of stages for opening the injection ejector components in the multistage injection device 25 is increased, but the number of the opening stages is smaller than the total number of stages of the injection ejector components in the multistage injection device 25, and under a high-power working condition, in order to meet the hydrogen required by the electric pile 10 and the excess hydrogen quantity in the electric pile 10, the injection ejector components in the multistage injection device 25 of all stages are opened.
Preferably, a deformation mode of a certain level of the injection ejector assembly 24 in the multi-level injection device 25 is that a proportion regulating valve 28 is added in front of the injector 8 in the injection ejector assembly 24, as shown in fig. 2, two ends of the proportion regulating valve 28 are respectively connected with the injector 8 and the hydrogen injector group 4, the other end of the proportion regulating valve 28 is connected with an anode inlet of the stack 10, a single-level injection ejector assembly composed of the hydrogen injector group 4, the pressure transmitter 5, the proportion regulating valve 28 and the injector 8 can be located at any level of the multi-level injection device 25, the level of injection ejector assembly 24 is mainly used for reducing the influence of other levels of injection ejector assemblies on the anode gas pressure and flow of the stack 10 of the fuel cell, and ensuring that the anode inlet pressure and flow of the stack 10 meet the requirements all the time in a certain transient state working state, when the pressure or the flow at the anode inlet of the galvanic pile 10 is unstable, the proportional control valve 28 in the stage injection ejector assembly 24 leads part or all of the hydrogen flowing from the hydrogen injector group 4 to the anode inlet of the galvanic pile 10 directly, and little or no gas flows from the injector jet port of the stage 8.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications, combinations, and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, combination, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system, its characterized in that includes high-pressure gas supply device, multistage injection apparatus, control module and pile valves, high-pressure hydrogen passes through flow to after the decompression of high-pressure hydrogen supply apparatus multistage injection apparatus, control module carries out the analysis according to fuel cell system operating condition, controls multistage injection apparatus's injection ratio for hydrogen is followed multistage injection apparatus flows to pile valves positive pole entry, and surplus sufficient moist hydrogen is followed pile valves positive pole export passes through multistage injection apparatus's level 1 ejector draws the mouth for multistage injection hydrogen circulation system forms a return circuit.
2. The wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the high pressure gas supply device comprises a high pressure hydrogen cylinder group, a bottleneck valve group and a pressure regulating valve, and the high pressure hydrogen flows out from the high pressure hydrogen cylinder group through the bottleneck valve group, and is decompressed to a pressure range required by a fuel cell system through the pressure regulating valve to provide a hydrogen source for the multistage injection device.
3. The wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the multistage injection device comprises a plurality of groups of single-stage injection injector assemblies which are highly integrated by a hydrogen injector group, a pressure transmitter and an injector, the stage range is 2-10 stages, the hydrogen injector group in the single-stage injection injector assembly is formed by connecting a plurality of hydrogen injectors in parallel, and the pressure transmitter is positioned between the hydrogen injector group and the injector.
4. The wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen circulation system according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogen ejector sets in the ejector components of each stage are connected in parallel, the ejectors in each level of ejecting ejector assembly are connected in series two by two, an ejecting pressure transmitter is arranged between the ejector outlet in the upper level of ejecting ejector assembly and the ejector ejecting port in the lower level of ejecting ejector assembly, the hydrogen ejector set in the 1 st-stage injection ejector assembly is connected with the hydrogen ejector set in the 2 nd-stage injection ejector assembly in parallel, the ejector outlet in the 1 st-stage injection ejector assembly is connected with the ejector inlet in the 2 nd-stage injection ejector assembly in series, and an ejector pressure transmitter is arranged between the ejector outlet in the 1 st-stage injection ejector assembly and the ejector inlet in the 2 nd-stage injection ejector assembly.
5. The wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the stack valve group comprises a stack, a stack anode inlet pressure transmitter, a stack anode outlet pressure transmitter, a water-vapor separator, a hydrogen discharge valve and a water discharge valve, wherein the stack anode inlet pressure transmitter is positioned at an anode inlet of the stack, the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter is positioned at an anode outlet of the stack, and the water discharge valve and the hydrogen discharge valve are installed at the anode outlet of the stack.
6. The wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to claim 3, wherein the multistage injection device composed of multiple single-stage injection injector components has all the same, all different or partially same flow-pressure characteristic curves among the stages of hydrogen injector groups, all the same, all different or partially same performance parameters of the stages of injectors, the injectors can be conventional single-stage injectors having only 1 jet inlet, injection inlet and injector outlet, the injector has a deformation mode that the injector inlet end of the injector is provided with a drain hole connected in parallel with the injection inlet, the drain hole of the injector in each injection injector component is connected with a drain valve of the stack valve group, and when the environmental temperature of the humid hydrogen left in the injector after the shutdown of the fuel cell is lower, the condensed water generated by the humid hydrogen can flow out through the drain hole and be collected to the drain valve group of the stack valve group The valve can prevent the problem that the fuel cell cannot be started due to icing of residual vapor of the ejector in the multistage injection ejector assembly caused by excessively low ambient temperature during cold start.
7. The wide power spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the multistage single-stage injector assembly in the multistage injection device and the stack valve group can be connected in various combinations, the single-stage injection injector assembly connected with the anode inlet of the stack in the stack valve group can be the 1 st stage, the single-stage injection injector assembly connected with the water-steam separator at the anode outlet of the stack in the stack valve group can be the nth stage, the single-stage injection injector assembly connected with the anode inlet of the stack in the stack valve group can be the nth stage, the single-stage injection injector assembly connected with the water-steam separator at the anode outlet of the stack in the stack valve group can be the 1 st stage, for example, the outlet of the nth stage injector assembly in the multistage injection device is communicated with the anode inlet of the stack valve group, and the water-vapor separator of the galvanic pile valve group is connected with an ejector injection port of a 1 st-stage injection ejector assembly in the multi-stage injection device.
8. The wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control module calculates air supply quantity of each stage of hydrogen injector group and air supply quantity required by the galvanic pile according to signals of a pressure transmitter, each stage of injection pressure transmitters, galvanic pile power, a galvanic pile anode inlet transmitter and a galvanic pile anode outlet pressure transmitter in each stage of injection injector assembly, adjusts the opening quantity of the single-pole injection injector assembly to meet hydrogen flow quantity flowing into the galvanic pile anode inlet under different power working conditions, and controls the opening frequency and duty ratio of a plurality of hydrogen injectors of the hydrogen injector group in each stage of injection injector assembly through PWM pulse width modulation to meet jet flow quantity and jet pressure required by an injector injection ratio Map in each stage of injection injector group.
9. The wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the number of the injection ejector components in each stage of the multistage injection device is controlled by the control module according to the electric power condition, if the hydrogen quantity required by the galvanic pile is less under the low-power condition, only the 1 st injection ejector component in the multistage injection device needs to be opened, under the medium-high-power condition, the number of stages for opening the injection ejector components in the multistage injection device is increased, but the number of stages for opening is smaller than the total number of stages of the injection ejector components in the multistage injection device, and under the high-power condition, the injection ejector components in all stages of the multistage injection device are opened to meet the hydrogen required by the galvanic pile and the excess hydrogen quantity in the galvanic pile.
10. The wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that a deformation mode of a certain stage of injection ejector component in the multistage injection device is that a proportion regulating valve is additionally arranged in front of an ejector in the stage of injection ejector component, two ends of the proportion regulating valve are respectively connected with the ejector and the hydrogen ejector group, the other end of the proportion regulating valve is connected with an anode inlet of a fuel cell stack, a single-stage injection ejector component consisting of the hydrogen ejector group, the pressure transmitter, the proportion regulating valve and the ejector can be positioned at any stage of the multistage injection device, the stage injection ejector component is mainly used for reducing the influence of other stages of injection ejector components on the anode gas pressure and flow of the fuel cell stack, and ensuring that the anode inlet pressure and flow of the fuel cell stack meet requirements all the time in a certain transient working state, when the pressure or the flow of the anode inlet of the galvanic pile is unstable, the proportion regulating valve in the stage of ejector component directly connects part or all of the hydrogen flowing in from the hydrogen ejector group to the anode inlet of the galvanic pile, and little or no gas flows in from the ejector jet port of the stage of ejector.
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| CN202110021583.6A CN114759224A (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2021-01-08 | Wide-power-spectrum multistage injection hydrogen circulation system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115172805A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen supply system and control method |
| CN117039056A (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2023-11-10 | 上海徐工智能科技有限公司 | Hydrogen circulation system and nitrogen removal control method for high-power fuel cell |
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2021
- 2021-01-08 CN CN202110021583.6A patent/CN114759224A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115172805A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen supply system and control method |
| CN117039056A (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2023-11-10 | 上海徐工智能科技有限公司 | Hydrogen circulation system and nitrogen removal control method for high-power fuel cell |
| CN117039056B (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2024-02-02 | 上海徐工智能科技有限公司 | Hydrogen circulation system and nitrogen removal control method for high-power fuel cell |
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