CN220603709U - Advanced geological prediction system of shield tunneling machine - Google Patents
Advanced geological prediction system of shield tunneling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN220603709U CN220603709U CN202322340883.8U CN202322340883U CN220603709U CN 220603709 U CN220603709 U CN 220603709U CN 202322340883 U CN202322340883 U CN 202322340883U CN 220603709 U CN220603709 U CN 220603709U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine, which is applied to the technical field of engineering construction. Comprising the following steps: the system comprises a shock device, an acoustic wave receiving device, a 24-channel optical fiber demodulator and a data processing terminal; wherein, shock device: the device comprises a hob source and an impact hammer source, wherein the hob source is arranged at the front end of a shield tunneling machine main body, and the impact hammer source is separated from the hob source by a preset distance so as to form a two-way source excited at two sides; acoustic wave receiving apparatus: the system comprises a plurality of three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors, a plurality of signal acquisition stations and a base station, wherein the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors are arranged between a hob seismic source and an impact seismic source and are used for receiving reflected wave signals; 24-channel optical fiber demodulator: the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors are connected with the plurality of three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors; and (3) a data processing terminal: is connected with 24 optical fiber demodulators. The utility model adopts an independent shock excitation device, does not need to adopt a cutter head of the shield machine as a shock source, has centralized vibration signals, high recognition rate and accurate geological advanced prediction structure.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering construction, in particular to an advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine.
Background
At present, the subway engineering is increasingly constructed by a shield method, and due to the fact that the underground structure is complex, once a large-scale poor geologic body such as karst cave and river is encountered during the construction of the shield method, serious safety accidents are easy to cause, so that an advanced geological prediction system capable of ascertaining the structure related information of the poor geologic body in advance is mounted on a shield machine.
Along with the continuous development of the economy in China, tunnel engineering construction is rapidly developed, and the most important of the tunnel engineering construction is the safety problem in the subway construction process. Many subway geological environments in China are complex, and geological disasters such as mud bursting and water bursting occur, so that adverse geological conditions in the subway excavation process and risks in front of a forecasting face are required to be found in advance by adopting a subway advanced forecasting technology, and the construction progress and the safety of constructors are guaranteed. The advanced and scientific advanced prediction technology of the subway is adopted to accurately predict the properties, scale and state of the bad geologic body in the passing range of the subway, and particularly, under the condition of complex geologic condition sections and the adoption of the modern construction technology of the shield, important basis is provided for the change of the subway construction method and the support form, so that the construction blindness is reduced, and the advanced prediction has great significance in the subway construction.
The prior method for advanced prediction of the shield tunnel construction geology mainly comprises a BEAM method, an acoustic wave reflection method and the like. The main components of the BEAM detection system consist of a measuring unit which can be placed in an operating room of the shield machine and a shield machine cutterhead which is used as a measuring electrode. The measuring unit is connected with a guidance system of the shield machine and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and receives position and tunneling condition signals of the shield machine, so that full data are automatically acquired and displayed in real time. The acoustic wave reflection method is an improvement of a geological advanced prediction technology of the national academy of sciences of China on the basis of an HSP horizontal acoustic wave profile method, has the same principle as a seismic wave detection principle, and utilizes an acoustic wave signal generated by cutting rock by a cutter head during shield tunneling as an excitation signal of the acoustic wave reflection method.
Problems with these methods include: 1. the background electromagnetic noise interference is too large, and the forecasting effect is influenced. 2. The vibration source of the method adopts a cutter head of the shield machine, vibration signals generated by the whole cutter head are scattered, and the resolution ratio of the vibration signals is low.
Therefore, an advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine is provided to solve the difficulty in the prior art, which is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the utility model provides an advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine, which is used for solving the problems existing in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
an advanced geological forecast system of a shield tunneling machine, comprising: the system comprises a shock device, an acoustic wave receiving device, a 24-channel optical fiber demodulator and a data processing terminal; wherein,
shock device: the device comprises a hob source and an impact hammer source, wherein the hob source is arranged at the front end of a shield tunneling machine main body, and the impact hammer source is separated from the hob source by a preset distance so as to form a two-way source excited at two sides;
acoustic wave receiving apparatus: the system comprises a plurality of three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors, a plurality of signal acquisition stations and a base station, wherein the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors are arranged between a hob seismic source and an impact seismic source and are used for receiving reflected wave signals;
24-channel optical fiber demodulator: the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors are connected with the plurality of three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors;
and (3) a data processing terminal: is connected with 24 optical fiber demodulators.
The technical effect that this technical scheme reaches is: the independent vibration excitation device is adopted, a cutter head of the shield machine is not required to be used as a vibration source, the vibration signals are centralized, the recognition rate is high, and the advanced geological prediction structure is accurate.
Optionally, the number of the three-component acoustic fiber optical seismic sensors in the acoustic receiving device is the same as the number of the signal acquisition stations, each signal acquisition station is connected with a corresponding three-component acoustic fiber optical seismic sensor, and the base station is connected with all the signal acquisition stations; the base station is also communicatively coupled to the hob source and the impact hammer source.
Alternatively, the three-component acoustic fiber optic seismic sensor is configured in a predetermined spatial observation mode.
The technical effect that this technical scheme reaches is: seismic waves in different directions can be accurately and timely received.
Optionally, a pushing spring is arranged on one side of the outer peripheral surface of the top end or the middle part of the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor, and pushes the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor against the hole wall on the other side by the pushing spring, so that the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor is reliably coupled with surrounding rock mass.
Optionally, the detection distance of the 24-channel optical fiber demodulator is 50-80m, and the detection precision is in the meter level.
Optionally, the base station comprises dual controllers working cooperatively, wherein one controller is used for acquisition control and the other controller is used for real-time transmission of data.
The technical effect that this technical scheme reaches is: the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor and the signal acquisition station can be connected through a signal transmission line, and the signal acquisition station and the base station can be connected through wires or wirelessly; the data processing terminal is in communication connection with the base station and is in wireless connection, so that interference to shield construction is reduced.
Optionally, the data processing terminal is a collecting station type seismic data collector.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine, which has the beneficial effects that: the utility model discovers the source of bad geological disasters and effectively avoids the occurrence of serious disasters; the independent vibration excitation device is adopted, a cutter head of the shield machine is not required to be used as a vibration source, the vibration signals are centralized, the recognition rate is high, and the advanced geological prediction structure is accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present utility model, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a advanced geological forecast system of a shield tunneling machine;
FIG. 2 is a device diagram of an advanced geological forecast system of a shield tunneling machine.
The device comprises a 1-shield machine, a 2-hob vibration source, a 3-impact hammer vibration source, a 4-three-component optical fiber sound wave sensor, a 5-signal acquisition station, a 6-base station, a 7-24-channel optical fiber demodulator and an 8-data processing terminal.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the utility model discloses a advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine, which comprises: the device comprises a shock excitation device, an acoustic wave receiving device, a 24-channel optical fiber demodulator 7 and a data processing terminal 8; wherein,
shock device: the device comprises a hob source and an impact hammer source, wherein the hob source is arranged at the front end of a shield tunneling machine main body, and the impact hammer source is separated from the hob source by a preset distance so as to form a two-way source excited at two sides;
acoustic wave receiving apparatus: the system comprises a plurality of three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors, a plurality of signal acquisition stations and a base station, wherein the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors are arranged between a hob seismic source and an impact seismic source and are used for receiving reflected wave signals;
24-channel optical fiber demodulator: the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors are connected with the plurality of three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors;
and (3) a data processing terminal: is connected with 24 optical fiber demodulators.
Specifically, the hob source comprises a plurality of hob symmetrically distributed along the center of a cutterhead on the shield machine, and the hob source takes a vibration signal excited by rock on a face of a hob cutting tunnel as the source; the impact hammer source comprises a hammer head and a driving structure for driving the hammer head to perform reciprocating impact, the impact hammer source is an air hammer or an electric impact hammer, and the impact vibration of the hammer head falling onto the side wall of the tunnel is used as the source.
Specifically, the impact hammer focus used has good power characteristics, strong power, strong vibration signals and high recognition rate.
Further, the number of the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors in the acoustic wave receiving device is the same as that of the signal acquisition stations, each signal acquisition station is connected with a corresponding three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor, and the base station is connected with all the signal acquisition stations; the base station is also communicatively coupled to the hob source and the impact hammer source.
Further, the three-component acoustic fiber optic seismic sensor is arranged according to a predetermined spatial observation mode.
Specifically, each three-component acoustic fiber seismic sensor is arranged on a side wall (such as a left wall, a right wall or a bottom wall) of a subway along a straight line according to a preset space observation mode.
Further, a pushing spring is arranged on one side of the outer peripheral surface of the top end or the middle part of the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor, and pushes the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor against the hole wall on the other side by the pushing spring, so that the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor is reliably coupled with surrounding rock mass.
Further, the detection distance of the 24-channel optical fiber demodulator is 50-80m, and the detection precision is in the meter level.
Further, the base station comprises dual controllers working cooperatively, wherein one controller is used for acquisition control, and the other controller is used for real-time transmission of data.
Further, the data processing terminal is a collecting station type seismic data collector.
Specifically, the data processing terminal is used for receiving reflected wave signals picked up by the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensor, performing cross-correlation, time shifting and various drying processes on the signals received by the reference channel acoustic wave probe near the seismic source as reference signals, calculating travel time of various waves (direct waves and reflected waves), obtaining propagation speeds of the waves in different stratum, predicting depth and lithology of rock stratum in front of tunnel face, and realizing advanced prediction of tunnel geology.
Specifically, the dual-source geological advanced prediction system adopts dual sources to form a dual-side excitation and middle multi-channel received seismic multiple coverage reflection system, and the system can perform in-phase superposition by subtracting a path difference (static time shift) between a reflected seismic wave signal generated by a hob source and a reflected seismic wave signal generated by an air hammer source according to a path interchange principle.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present utility model is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. An advanced geological forecast system of a shield tunneling machine, which is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a shock device, an acoustic wave receiving device, a 24-channel optical fiber demodulator and a data processing terminal; wherein,
shock device: the device comprises a hob source and an impact hammer source, wherein the hob source is arranged at the front end of a shield tunneling machine main body, and the impact hammer source is separated from the hob source by a preset distance so as to form a two-way source excited at two sides;
acoustic wave receiving apparatus: the system comprises a plurality of three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors, a plurality of signal acquisition stations and a base station, wherein the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors are arranged between a hob seismic source and an impact seismic source and are used for receiving reflected wave signals;
24-channel optical fiber demodulator: the three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors are connected with the plurality of three-component acoustic wave optical fiber seismic sensors;
and (3) a data processing terminal: is connected with 24 optical fiber demodulators.
2. The advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of three-component acoustic fiber seismic sensors in the acoustic wave receiving device is the same as the number of signal acquisition stations, each signal acquisition station is connected with a corresponding three-component acoustic fiber seismic sensor, and the base station is connected with all signal acquisition stations; the base station is also communicatively coupled to the hob source and the impact hammer source.
3. The advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein the three-component acoustic fiber seismic sensor is arranged according to a predetermined spatial observation mode.
4. A advanced geological prediction system of a shield tunneling machine according to claim 3, wherein a pushing spring is provided on one side of the outer peripheral surface of the top or middle of the three-component acoustic fiber seismic sensor, and pushes the three-component acoustic fiber seismic sensor against the hole wall on the other side, so that the three-component acoustic fiber seismic sensor is reliably coupled with surrounding rock mass.
5. The advanced geological forecast system of the shield tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein the detection distance of the 24-channel fiber optic demodulator is 50-80m, and the detection accuracy is meter-class.
6. The advanced geological forecast system of a shield tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein the base station includes dual controllers operating cooperatively, one for acquisition control and the other for real-time data transmission.
7. The advanced geological forecast system of a shield tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein the data processing terminal is a collecting station type seismic data collector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202322340883.8U CN220603709U (en) | 2023-08-30 | 2023-08-30 | Advanced geological prediction system of shield tunneling machine |
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| CN202322340883.8U CN220603709U (en) | 2023-08-30 | 2023-08-30 | Advanced geological prediction system of shield tunneling machine |
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