CN220579205U - Vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device - Google Patents
Vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN220579205U CN220579205U CN202321800579.0U CN202321800579U CN220579205U CN 220579205 U CN220579205 U CN 220579205U CN 202321800579 U CN202321800579 U CN 202321800579U CN 220579205 U CN220579205 U CN 220579205U
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model discloses a vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone grading semi-gasification device, which comprises a furnace body, wherein an inner cyclone chamber and an outer cyclone chamber are arranged in the furnace body, a first cyclone inlet, a second cyclone inlet and a third cyclone inlet are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the furnace body from top to bottom, and the first cyclone inlet and the inner cyclone chamber are tangentialThe second cyclone inlet is communicated with the outer cyclone chamber tangentially, and the third cyclone inlet is communicated with the semi-gasification hearth tangentially; the utility model can realize partial gasification of pulverized coal in primary air of the pulverized coal boiler of the power station into CO and H 2 And (3) burning the gas with low ignition point and easy combustion, and simultaneously increasing the temperature of primary air to 700-1000 ℃. Under the working condition of ultralow load without oil feeding and combustion supporting, the primary air which is high in temperature and contains inflammable gas is sent into a hearth or mixed into a combustor, and stable combustion can be realized when the primary air meets oxygen-enriched secondary air, so that the stable operation of the boiler with 20-30% BMCR load is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of pulverized coal gasification devices, and particularly relates to a vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone grading semi-gasification device.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
In the prior art, in order to adapt to the characteristics of large fluctuation and intermittence of new energy power generation such as wind power generation, solar photovoltaic power generation and the like, the peak regulation capacity of a coal power station unit becomes a problem to be solved. It is known that when the pulverized coal boiler is under low load, the temperature level in the hearth is reduced, the heat quantity of backflow is reduced, the ignition of the pulverized coal is affected, the stable operation is difficult, and even the boiler is flameout.
The original combustion technology is difficult to ensure stable operation without oil feeding when the boiler depth peak regulation is performed. To realize stable combustion without oil injection under low load, the current common practice is to modify the boiler burner. The burner reconstruction technology comprises a plasma ignition technology, a micro-oil ignition technology, an oxygen-enriched ignition technology and the like.
The plasma ignition reforming technology is only suitable for bituminous coal boilers with the volatile matters higher than 20 percent, and the reforming cost is high. The micro-oil ignition technology needs long-time oil feeding in normal operation, has high operation cost, and does not meet the requirements of consumption reduction, energy conservation and emission reduction on double carbon targets. And all the current transformation technologies are carried out aiming at the core component burner of the boiler, so that the risk is high, and once the transformation is poor, the normal operation of the boiler can be seriously influenced. Chinese patent No. CN107325845B discloses a primary air pulverized coal airflow gasifying device for boiler ignition and stable combustion, which utilizes external energy sources such as high temperature flue gas of boiler to gasify primary air pulverized coal airflow of boiler before entering boiler, so that pulverized coal is partially gasified in the device before entering furnace, meeting the requirements of boiler ignition and stable combustion, but the device has the following problems: the pulverized coal is gasified through the high-temperature flue gas, the problem that the two fluids are unevenly mixed exists, and in addition, the high-temperature flue gas and the pulverized coal are in contact mixing at the upper part of the device, so that the retention time is shorter, and the pulverized coal gasification effect is poorer.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone grading semi-gasification device, which realizes the partial gasification of pulverized coal in primary air of a pulverized coal boiler of a power station through a multistage cyclone component, thereby realizing the ultra-low load stable operation of the boiler.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device, which comprises a furnace body, wherein an inner cyclone chamber and an outer cyclone chamber are arranged in the furnace body, a first cyclone inlet, a second cyclone inlet and a third cyclone inlet are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the furnace body from top to bottom, the first cyclone inlet is communicated with the inner cyclone chamber in a tangential manner, the second cyclone inlet is communicated with the outer cyclone chamber in a tangential manner, and the third cyclone inlet is communicated with a semi-gasification hearth in a tangential manner.
As a further technical scheme, a core pipe is arranged at the top of the furnace body and is used as a rotational flow center cylinder of the internal rotational flow chamber.
As a further technical scheme, the core tube is provided with an ignition burner.
As a further technical scheme, an outer cyclone cylinder is arranged outside the core tube, the diameter of the outer cyclone cylinder is larger than that of the core tube, and an inner cyclone chamber is formed in an annular space between the core tube and the outer cyclone cylinder.
As a further technical scheme, an annular space between the outer swirl cylinder and the inner wall surface of the furnace body forms an outer swirl chamber, and the outer swirl cylinder body is used as a swirl center cylinder of the outer swirl chamber.
As a further technical scheme, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a flow guiding component, the flow guiding component comprises a central cylinder and a descending spiral surface, and the descending spiral surface is wound clockwise around the central cylinder.
As a further technical scheme, a semi-gasification tangential outlet is arranged on the furnace body wall surface corresponding to the flow guiding component, and the semi-gasification tangential outlet is a rectangular channel and is tangentially connected with the flow guiding component.
As a further technical scheme, the first cyclone inlet, the second cyclone inlet and the third cyclone inlet adopt one or more rectangular channels, the inlet ends of the rectangular channels are connected with the primary air main pipe, and the primary air main pipe is tangentially led into the semi-gasification furnace.
As a further technical scheme, a plurality of vertical diversion bulges are arranged on the inner wall of a hearth of the furnace body, the upper ends of the vertical diversion bulges start from the lower edge of the third cyclone inlet, and the lower ends end from the upper edge of the semi-gasification tangential outlet.
As a further technical scheme, the furnace body is provided with a refractory brick layer, an aluminum silicate fiber cotton layer and a carbon steel plate from inside to outside in sequence.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the utility model are as follows:
(1) When the thermal power pulverized coal boiler is flexibly transformed, the transformation can be completed by only leading a bypass pipeline at a proper position of a primary air pipeline in front of the burner and connecting the bypass pipeline with a corresponding inlet and outlet of the device, and the burner or the boiler is not required to be transformed, so that the device has the advantages of small transformation workload, low cost, strong adaptability and small risk, and the boiler only needs to be closed when running under the working condition of 40% -100% BMCR, so that the normal running of the boiler is not influenced negatively, and the ultra-low load stable running of the boiler can be realized.
(2) The utility model can improve the ignition performance of primary air byAfter the semi-gasification device is processed, the coal powder in the primary air can be partially gasified to increase CO and H in the primary air 2 The ignition point is low and the content of the easy-to-burn gas is low, so that the ignition performance of the primary air is obviously improved.
(3) The utility model can raise the temperature of the primary air pulverized coal airflow to 700-1000 ℃, the high-temperature primary air is mixed with a burner or directly introduced into a pulverized coal boiler hearth to be mixed with the oxygen-enriched secondary air, which is beneficial to ignition of pulverized coal, thereby realizing stable operation of the boiler with 20-30% BMCR load.
(4) The utility model does not consume electric energy or other forms of energy sources when in operation, but provides heat by burning part of coal dust in primary air. Therefore, the system has the advantages of simplicity, low initial investment and low running cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone staged semi-gasification device of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present utility model at the first swirl inlet;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present utility model at the second swirl inlet;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the third cyclone inlet of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the vertical deflector protrusion of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure at the tangential outlet of the semi-gasification gas of the present utility model.
The schematic is used for illustration only:
1, a first cyclone inlet; 2. a second swirl inlet; 3. a third swirl inlet; 4. an ignition burner; 5. a core tube; 6. an inner flow chamber; 7. an outer swirl pot; 8. an outer swirl chamber; 9. a semi-gasification furnace; 10. vertical diversion bulges; 11. a flow guiding member; 12. a semi-gasification tangential outlet; 13. a layer of firebrick; 14. an aluminum silicate fiber cotton layer; 15. a carbon steel plate.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the utility model. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs.
Example 1
In an exemplary embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, a vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device is provided, which comprises a furnace body, wherein an inner cyclone chamber 6 and an outer cyclone chamber 8 are arranged in the furnace body, a first cyclone inlet 1, a second cyclone inlet 2 and a third cyclone inlet 3 are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the furnace body from top to bottom, the first cyclone inlet 1 is in tangential communication with the inner cyclone chamber 6, the second cyclone inlet 2 is in tangential communication with the outer cyclone chamber 8, the third cyclone inlet 3 is in tangential communication with the semi-gasification hearth 9, and three-stage primary air inlet pipelines are arranged so as to form multi-stage cyclone airflows in the inner cyclone chamber 6, the outer cyclone chamber 8 and the semi-gasification hearth 9.
As shown in fig. 2, a core pipe 5 is arranged at the top of the furnace body, the core pipe 5 is used as a rotational flow center cylinder of the internal rotational flow chamber 6, an ignition burner 4 is arranged on the core pipe, an external rotational flow cylinder 7 is arranged outside the core pipe 5, the diameter of the external rotational flow cylinder 7 is larger than that of the core pipe 5, an annular space between the core pipe and the external rotational flow cylinder forms the internal rotational flow chamber 6, and the depth of the core pipe inserted into the internal rotational flow chamber is slightly larger than the height of the first rotational flow inlet, and the material is high-temperature resistant stainless steel.
The primary air entering the inner cyclone chamber 6 accounts for about 10% of the total air quantity, the tail end of the cyclone air is close to the flame of the ignition burner 4, and the concentration of the primary air coal dust close to the flame is relatively low and the air quantity is relatively large due to the centrifugal force, so that the coal dust is easy to ignite; as is known, the propagation speed of the flame is 8-12m/s, the air flow speed of the axial section of the embodiment is less than or equal to 3m/s, the flame cannot be blown out due to high air speed, and the flame is limited by the outer cyclone tube 7, so that the space is small, the heat density is high, and the temperature is high. Once the pulverized coal is ignited, combustion is stabilized even if the ignition burner 4 is turned off. In this embodiment, the pulverized coal combustion flame in the inner cyclone chamber extends to the lower end of the outer cyclone tube 7, so that part of pulverized coal in the inner cyclone chamber 8 and the inner center of the semi-gasification furnace 9 is sequentially ignited.
As shown in fig. 3, the annular space between the outer cyclone cylinder 7 and the inner wall surface of the furnace body forms an outer cyclone chamber 8, the outer cyclone cylinder 7 is used as a cyclone center cylinder of the outer cyclone chamber 8, and the upper end of the outer cyclone cylinder is welded with the core tube through an annular end plate and is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel.
As shown in fig. 4, the semi-gasification furnace 9 serves as a third stage swirling space.
As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of vertical diversion protrusions 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, preferably four vertical diversion protrusions are uniformly arranged on the inner wall surface of the furnace body, the upper ends of the vertical diversion protrusions start from the lower edge of the third cyclone inlet, and the lower ends of the vertical diversion protrusions end from the upper edge of the tangential outlet of the semi-gasification gas. The vertical diversion bulge has the function of diversion pulverized coal thrown to the wall surface of the hearth by the action of rotational flow centrifugal force to the central rotational flow area of the hearth in the clockwise direction, so that as much pulverized coal as possible is burnt or gasified in a high temperature area, the temperature rise and partial pulverized coal gasification of primary air after the primary air passes through the device of the embodiment are realized, and the combustibility of the primary air is improved. The vertical pulverized coal guide protrusions are formed by building high-alumina refractory bricks at corresponding positions after being cut according to specific dimensions, and have the performance of high temperature resistance and abrasion resistance.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, a flow guiding component 11 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the flow guiding component 11 comprises a central cylinder and a descending spiral surface, the descending spiral surface is wound around the central cylinder clockwise, a semi-gasification tangential outlet 12 is arranged on the corresponding furnace body wall surface of the flow guiding component 11, and the semi-gasification tangential outlet 12 is a rectangular channel and is tangentially connected with the flow guiding component 11. Specifically, the central cylinder is built by high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant castable, the height is slightly higher than the semi-gasification tangential outlet 12, the width of the peripheral descending spiral surface is equal to that of the semi-gasification tangential outlet, the shape is clockwise descending spiral surface around the central cylinder, the descending spiral surface is built by high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant castable and is formed by building, the descending spiral surface starts from the upper edge of the semi-gasification tangential outlet 12, and the tail end ends from the lower edge of the semi-gasification tangential outlet. The semi-gasification tangential outlet 12 is a rectangular channel and is tangentially connected to the flow guiding member. The purpose of the design of the semi-gasification gas outlet diversion structure of the embodiment is to enable the semi-gasification gas to maintain a spiral descending gas flow state at the outlet position so as to increase the gasification time of central coal powder, improve the gasification rate, and simultaneously keep the original characteristics of peripheral coal powder, in particular to avoid reducing the volatile content of unvaporized coal powder as much as possible so as to improve the ignitability of the semi-gasification gas at the outlet.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the semi-gasification gas from continuously burning in the conveying pipeline outside the furnace body and reduce the ignitability, the airflow speed in the tangential outlet conveying pipeline of the semi-gasification gas is more than or equal to 22m/s and is far greater than the flame propagation speed.
In the embodiment, the furnace body is sequentially provided with a refractory brick layer 13, an aluminum silicate fiber cotton layer 14 and a carbon steel plate 15 from inside to outside, and the temperature of the outer steel plate is not more than 50 ℃ during actual operation.
In this embodiment, an ignition burner is used for ignition at start-up of the device, and the ignition burner is a diesel ignition burner, a natural gas ignition burner, or a plasma igniter.
In this embodiment, the first cyclone inlet, the second cyclone inlet and the third cyclone inlet adopt one or more rectangular channels, and the inlet ends of the rectangular channels are connected with the primary air main pipe and tangentially led into the semi-gasification furnace. Specifically, the width of the first rotational flow inlet rectangular channel is equal to the annular width of the inner rotational flow chamber, and the height is slightly smaller than the length of the core tube inserted into the inner rotational flow chamber; the width of the second rotational flow inlet rectangular channel is equal to the annular width of the outer rotational flow chamber, and the lower edge is slightly higher than the lower edge of the outer rotational flow cylinder; the section of the rectangular channel of the third cyclone inlet is equivalent to that of the second cyclone inlet, and the number of the rectangular channels is matched with the height and the volume of the semi-gasification furnace.
The semi-gasification device provided by the embodiment can enable about 20% of coal dust in primary air to burn in the device, so that the temperature of the swirling center region of the semi-gasification hearth reaches about 1200 ℃, and the temperature reaches the furnace wall along the radial directionGradually reducing to 300 ℃ and the average temperature of 700-1000 ℃, wherein the distribution of the temperature field can lead the coal dust in the center of the hearth to be completely combusted, and the coal dust part close to the center area of the rotational flow is gasified into CO and H 2 And flammable gas is equal, a small amount of coal dust far away from the central area of the cyclone flow is gasified, and the coal dust thrown to the hearth wall still maintains the original characteristics.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a vertical primary air buggy air current tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device, its characterized in that, includes the furnace body, set up interior whirl room and outer whirl room in the furnace body, set gradually first whirl entry, second whirl entry and third whirl entry from last to down on the lateral wall of furnace body, first whirl entry and interior whirl room tangential intercommunication, second whirl entry and outer whirl room tangential intercommunication, third whirl entry and semi-gasification furnace tangential intercommunication.
2. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device according to claim 1, wherein a core pipe is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and the core pipe is used as a cyclone center cylinder of the inner cyclone chamber.
3. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone staged semi-gasification device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the core tube is provided with an ignition burner.
4. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device according to claim 2, wherein an outer cyclone cylinder is arranged outside the core tube, the diameter of the outer cyclone cylinder is larger than that of the core tube, and an annular space between the core tube and the outer cyclone cylinder forms an inner cyclone chamber.
5. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone staged semi-gasification device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the annular space between the outer cyclone cylinder and the inner wall surface of the furnace body forms an outer cyclone chamber, and the outer cyclone cylinder is used as a cyclone center cylinder of the outer cyclone chamber.
6. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone staged semi-gasification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flow guiding component is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the flow guiding component comprises a central cylinder and a descending spiral surface, and the descending spiral surface is wound around the central cylinder clockwise.
7. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device according to claim 6, wherein a semi-gasification tangential outlet is arranged on the furnace body wall surface corresponding to the flow guiding component, and the semi-gasification tangential outlet is a rectangular channel and is tangentially connected with the flow guiding component.
8. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device according to claim 1, wherein the first cyclone inlet, the second cyclone inlet and the third cyclone inlet adopt one or more rectangular channels, the inlet ends of the rectangular channels are connected with a primary air mother pipe, and the primary air mother pipe is tangentially led into a semi-gasification furnace.
9. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of vertical flow guiding bulges are arranged on the inner wall of a hearth of the furnace body, the upper ends of the vertical flow guiding bulges start from the lower edge of the third cyclone inlet, and the lower ends of the vertical flow guiding bulges end from the upper edge of the semi-gasification tangential outlet.
10. The vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone staged semi-gasification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furnace body is sequentially provided with a refractory brick layer, an aluminum silicate fiber cotton layer and a carbon steel plate from inside to outside.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321800579.0U CN220579205U (en) | 2023-07-10 | 2023-07-10 | Vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321800579.0U CN220579205U (en) | 2023-07-10 | 2023-07-10 | Vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device |
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| CN220579205U true CN220579205U (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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| CN202321800579.0U Active CN220579205U (en) | 2023-07-10 | 2023-07-10 | Vertical primary air pulverized coal airflow tangential cyclone classification semi-gasification device |
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| CN (1) | CN220579205U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-10 CN CN202321800579.0U patent/CN220579205U/en active Active
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