CN220450878U

CN220450878U - High steep rock slope protector

Info

Publication number: CN220450878U
Application number: CN202321529825.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩健; 刘柏林; 丁新红; 毛忠良; 冯永阳; 雷正敏; 冷长明; 张坤; 陈晓广; 徐琳; 周杨; 刘蓓
Original assignee: China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-15
Filing date: 2023-06-15
Publication date: 2024-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-15

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a high and steep rock slope protection device, which comprises a first main framework and a second main framework, wherein the first main framework and the second main framework are arranged in a staggered manner to form grid units, and the grid units are paved along the slope direction of the slope and are fixed with the slope through anchoring pieces; the water interception edge is positioned in the grid unit and protrudes out of the plane where the grid unit is positioned, and the water interception edge and the edge of the grid unit enclose a water interception area; the plant growing grooves are positioned in the water interception area and are fixed with the water interception edge; the first main framework, the second main framework, the water interception edge and the plant growth groove are integrally arranged. The grid units and the anchoring parts are arranged to fix the slope, so that the problem that the high steep rock slope with the slope rate of 1:0.25-1:1 slope rate interval cannot realize green protection is solved; the anchor is adopted for reinforcement, so that the rock slope protection masonry quantity is reduced, maintenance of large-area masonry is avoided, and the maintenance period is greatly shortened.

Description

High steep rock slope protector

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of slope protection engineering, in particular to a high-steep rocky slope protection device.

Background

Along with the continuous enhancement of the economic strength of China and the continuous enhancement of the requirements of people on the environment and the landscape, the environment protection work of green water and Qingshan is more focused. In the processes of railway and highway deep cutting excavation, mine restoration and hydraulic engineering construction, exposed slopes are mostly rock slopes. Compared with the embankment slope and the soil cutting slope, the rock slope is steeper. The exposed rocky side slope is extremely uncoordinated with the color of the surrounding green mountain during engineering excavation, thereby affecting the beauty and needing greening and repairing the rocky side slope.

The existing slope protection form mainly comprises three types of engineering protection, green protection and combination of the engineering protection and the green protection according to lithology, slope height, joint development condition and weathering degree. The embankment slope or soil cutting slope has a low slope rate, and engineering protection or green protection is generally adopted. When the slope rate of the rock cutting slope is less than 1:1, the engineering protection or the protection mode of combining the engineering protection with the green protection can be adopted; when the slope rate is steeper than 1:1, the engineering protection is generally only adopted due to the limitation of the adhesion of the plant soil layer.

The engineering protection mainly comprises masonry reinforcement protection such as slurry stone retaining wall, hanging net spraying and mixing, the green protection mainly comprises flexible protection such as spraying grass planting, alien soil grass planting, three-dimensional ecological bags and the like, and the two protection forms mainly comprise alien soil grass planting in hollow brick alien soil grass planting in arch-shaped frameworks, alien soil grass planting in grass planting windows, alien soil grass planting in anchor rod (rope) frame beams and the like.

In practical design and engineering applications, the above conventional slope protection forms have the following specific problems in rock slope protection applications:

1. the requirements on the slope rate of the side slope are severe: the green protection and the green protection structure combined with the engineering protection generally require that the slope rate of the slope is not steeper than 1:1, and cannot realize the green protection on the slope steeper than 1:1.

2. Large volume and high cost: the engineering protection adopts the full slope face masonry protection more, and the masonry quantity also basically needs to account for 30% -40% of the full slope face protection when the engineering protection is combined with the green protection, and the whole masonry quantity of the engineering protection is large in cost.

3. Poor soil erosion resistance: the rock soil between the excavation surface of the rock slope and the plant-growing layers has poor adhesion, and the foreign soil is easy to be eroded and stripped by rain.

4. There is a risk of block masonry coming off: in the protection form of combining engineering protection and green protection, the green protection is mainly protected by planting grass in the foreign soil in the hollow brick. With the long-term wind, sun and rain flushing, the hollow bricks in the frame or skeleton have the risk of falling off, and are easy to collapse and fall along the side slope. In particular to the high and steep side slopes of railways and highways, and the hollow bricks are easy to break down to cause the injury and the death of vehicles.

5. Vegetation with poor water retention is not easy to survive: the soil of the plant growth layer of the rocky slope is foreign soil, the thickness is thinner, and the soil is easy to run off under rain wash. The steep rain-receiving area of the side slope is small, the soil layer ponding generally flows along the soil-stone interface, long-time water storage is not easy to form, the soil body is dry, and vegetation is not easy to survive.

6. The construction period is long and the procedure is complex: the rock slope protection masonry amount is large, the construction process of manually piling up the chippings or pouring the concrete is complicated, and the maintenance period is long.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a high steep rock slope protection device to solve the problem that current high steep slope can't carry out the combination protection of green protection and engineering protection, and current protector is with high costs and easily drops.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

the high and steep rock slope protection device comprises a first main framework and a second main framework, wherein the first main framework and the second main framework are arranged in a staggered mode to form grid units, and the grid units are paved along the slope direction of the slope and are fixed with the slope through anchoring pieces;

the water interception edge is positioned in the grid unit and protrudes out of the plane where the grid unit is positioned, and the water interception edge and the edge of the grid unit enclose a water interception area;

the plant growing grooves are positioned in the water interception area and are fixed with the water interception edge; the first main framework, the second main framework, the water interception edge and the plant growth groove are integrally arranged.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

the branch framework is positioned in the grid unit and below the water interception edge; the supporting framework and the first main framework and/or the second main framework are integrally arranged.

Optionally, the first main skeleton, the second main skeleton, the water interception edge and the supporting skeleton are all provided with water storage layers and drainage layers, and the water storage layers are located above the drainage layers in the vertical direction;

the plant growth grooves of the same horizontal layer are communicated with the water storage layer of the water interception edge through a horizontal drainage channel.

Optionally, the number of the first main frameworks and the second main frameworks are two, the first main frameworks are arranged along the transverse direction of the side slope, and the second main frameworks are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the side slope;

the first main framework and the second main framework are respectively provided with a drainage groove, the bottom of the drainage groove is provided with a tilting drainage hole, and the tilting drainage hole penetrates through the drainage groove and can extend into the side slope;

in the vertical direction, the orifice of the upward inclined drain hole positioned in the side slope is higher than the orifice positioned at one end of the drain tank.

Optionally, the supporting framework is a fishbone supporting framework, and an opening of the fishbone supporting framework faces to the slope bottom direction of the side slope;

two ends of the fishbone-shaped supporting framework are respectively communicated with the upward inclined water draining holes of the second main frameworks at two sides.

Optionally, a plurality of rows of the plant growth grooves are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the second main framework, each row comprises a plurality of plant growth grooves arranged along the horizontal direction, and the plant growth grooves of adjacent rows are arranged at intervals.

Optionally, the plant growing groove is provided with a soil placing cavity and a horizontal drainage through hole, and the horizontal drainage through hole is positioned at the bottom of the plant growing groove and is used for installing a horizontal drainage channel;

the high steep rock slope protection device further comprises an expansion bolt, wherein the expansion bolt is positioned on the bottom wall of the plant growth groove and used for fixing the plant growth groove and the slope.

Optionally, the anchoring member comprises one of a reinforced concrete anchor head and a bearing plate and one of an anchor rod and an anchor cable;

the anchor is located at an intersection of the first and second primary backbones.

Optionally, the first main skeleton, the second main skeleton, the supporting skeleton and the plant growing groove are all geotechnical material pieces; the water storage layer comprises water absorption cotton ropes and geotextiles; the drainage layer includes sand gravel.

Optionally, the thickness of the first main skeleton and the second main skeleton is greater than or equal to 10mm;

and/or, the thickness of the branch framework is greater than or equal to 5mm;

and/or, the thickness of the plant growth groove is greater than or equal to 2mm.

The high and steep rock slope protection device comprises a first main framework and a second main framework, wherein the first main framework and the second main framework are arranged in a staggered mode to form grid units, and the grid units are paved along the slope direction of the slope and are fixed with the slope through anchoring pieces; the water interception edge is positioned in the grid unit and protrudes out of the plane where the grid unit is positioned, and the water interception edge and the edge of the grid unit enclose a water interception area; the plant growing grooves are positioned in the water interception area and are fixed with the water interception edge; the first main framework, the second main framework, the water interception edge and the plant growth groove are integrally arranged.

Adopt the high steep rock matter side slope protector who provides in this application embodiment, compare in prior art, have following technical effect:

firstly, fixing a side slope by arranging grid units and anchoring pieces so as to solve the problem that a high-steep rock side slope cannot realize green protection in a slope rate interval of 1:0.25-1:1; the anchor is adopted for reinforcement, and the planting groove meets the requirements of steep slope soil-covering, so that the method is suitable for various stratum conditions; the method can be widely applied to the fields of railway, highway deep cutting slope, mine restoration, hydraulic engineering high-steep slope and the like;

secondly, the first main framework, the second main framework, the water interception edge and the vegetation groove are integrally arranged, so that the rock slope protection masonry amount is reduced, the construction process of manually stacking the chippings or pouring the concrete is simplified, the large-area masonry is not required to be maintained, and the maintenance period is greatly shortened; meanwhile, the risks of vehicle damage and casualties caused by block-shaped masonry falling off in the later operation process are avoided;

thirdly, this application adopts geotechnique's material to carry out flexible protection, forms geotechnique's check room grass planting protective structure, and the protection masonry volume that significantly reduces, and the material unit price is low can realize mill batch production, and engineering total cost is low.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-steep rock slope protection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of a high and steep rocky slope protection device and a slope according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a plant growing tank according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water interception edge according to an embodiment of the present application.

The figures are marked as follows:

the water drainage device comprises an anchor rod 1, an anchor head 2, an expansion bolt 3, a plant growing groove 4, green plants 5, a first main framework 6, a second main framework 7, a supporting framework 8, a horizontal drainage channel 9, a tilting drainage hole 10, a water seepage hole 11, a water interception edge 12, a water storage layer 13, a drainage layer 14, a slope 15, a drainage ditch 16 and a horizontal drainage through hole 41.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a high and steep rock slope protection device, which aims to solve the problems that the existing high and steep slope cannot be subjected to combined protection of green protection and engineering protection, and the existing protection device is high in cost and easy to fall off.

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application and not exhaustive of all the embodiments. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

Referring to fig. 1-5, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high steep rocky slope protection device according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of a high and steep rocky slope protection device and a slope according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a plant growing tank 4 according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of FIG. 3; fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a water interception edge 12 according to an embodiment of the present application.

In a specific embodiment, the high and steep rock slope protection device provided by the application comprises a first main framework 6, a second main framework 7, a water interception edge 12 and a plurality of plant growing grooves 4. The first main frameworks 6 and the second main frameworks 7 are staggered, preferably staggered horizontally and vertically, wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the horizontal direction is the left-right direction in the figure, and the vertical direction is the up-down direction in the figure; in a specific application, the protective device is longitudinally arranged along the direction of the slope 15 of the slope, so that the protective device can be paved on the slope 15 of the slope. The first main framework 6 and the second main framework 7 are preferably arranged in the same structure so as to facilitate production and processing; the first main framework 6 and the second main framework 7 are preferably high-strength tensile geotechnical material pieces, in particular high-density polyethylene (HDPE), the colors of which are determined according to engineering requirements, and can be perforated and embossed. The geotechnical material performance index can meet the requirements of corresponding tensile yield strength, yield elongation, right-angle tear resistance, environmental stress cracking time, carbon black dispersity, ultraviolet resistance strength retention rate and the like according to engineering requirements. In this embodiment, the first main frameworks 6 and the second main frameworks 7 are staggered to form a plurality of grid units, and the first main frameworks 6 and the second main frameworks 7 are respectively staggered to form a plurality of grid units, so that the grid units can be laid on the slope surface 15 of the whole to-be-constructed slope, and it can be understood that for the number of the first main frameworks 6 and the second main frameworks 7 and the formed grid unit area, analysis and calculation are required according to the slope area, the rock quality and other working conditions. The grid cells may be specifically configured in rectangular, diamond, arch, herringbone, etc. structures, all within the scope of the present application.

The grid cells are laid along the slope 15 direction of the slope when actually connected with the slope 15, and are fixed with the slope 15 through anchoring pieces. Wherein, the anchoring piece is positioned at the intersection point of the first main framework 6 and the second main framework 7 so as to simplify the fixed point setting of the main frameworks and optimize the structure setting; the anchoring piece comprises one of a reinforced concrete anchor head 2 and a bearing plate and one of an anchor rod 1 and an anchor rope, for example, the anchoring piece can be in a combined form of the anchor head 2 and the anchor rod 1 or in a combined form of the bearing plate and the anchor rope, except that the anchoring piece part is fixed by adopting the reinforced concrete anchor head 2 or the bearing plate, the rest main structural frames are made of geotechnical materials, the masonry quantity is very small, and the cost can be greatly saved.

In this embodiment, the water interception edge 12 is located in the grid unit and protrudes out of the plane where the grid unit is located, the water interception edge 12 and the edge of the grid unit enclose a water interception area, as shown in fig. 1, in the up-down direction of the drawing, the water interception edge 12 is generally connected with the edge of the main framework located below to form a water interception area, so that when the water interception edge 12 is arranged on the slope surface 15, water interception can be performed by the protruding water interception edge 12, and the situation that the rainwater directly washes rock soil and plants in the vegetation groove 4 below to cause stripping can be prevented, and the adhesion between the rock slope excavation surface and the vegetation interlayer can be indirectly improved. The water interception edge 12 can be arranged into an arch-shaped or diamond-shaped structure, namely, the water interception area is an arch-shaped water interception area, a human-shaped water interception area, a rectangular water interception area or a diamond-shaped water interception area; are within the scope of the present application.

In the embodiment, the planting groove 4 is one of a pocket planting groove 4, a through groove planting groove 4, a step planting groove 4 or a goblet planting groove 4, which is beneficial to storing planting soil on a steep slope and is not eroded and lost by rain water; in other embodiments, it is within the scope of the present application to achieve similar structural forms that are primarily soil-retaining. The water interception edge 12 and the plant growth groove 4 are made of geotechnical materials, and can be arranged by referring to a main framework, in particular to High Density Polyethylene (HDPE); the color can be determined according to engineering requirements, and can be embossed. Wherein, the material thickness of the first main framework 6 and the second main framework 7 is not less than 10mm, the material thickness of the branch framework 8 is not less than 5mm, and the material thickness of the pocket planting groove 4 and the water interception edge 12 is not less than 2mm. The water interception edge 12 and the plant growth groove 4 can be fixedly connected with the main framework by adopting ultrasonic hot melting; the single frame inner plant growing groove 4, the water interception edge 12, the supporting frame 8 and the main frame geotechnical material are connected in an ultrasonic hot melting way, and the adjacent frame frames are connected in a cooling forming way by injecting a heating plastic solution into the connection part. The main framework of the full slope 15 is made of factory prefabricated geotechnical materials, is fixed by anchor rods 1 and expansion bolts 3 on site, and the framing frames are spliced on site by injection molding. And the cast-in-place concrete curing is not performed in a large area, and the construction is simple, convenient and quick.

For the arrangement of the plant-growing grooves 4, each plant-growing groove 4 can be provided with a plurality of rows in the water interception area, each row of plant-growing grooves 4 can comprise a plurality of plant-growing grooves 4, and the support grooves of adjacent rows are arranged at intervals; the plant-growing groove 4 and the side slope are preferably fixed through the expansion bolts 3, the geotechnical material pocket-type plant-growing groove 4 is firmly embedded with the slope 15 rock body through the expansion bolts 3, planting soil is filled into the pocket-type plant-growing groove 4, the spacing block type plant-growing groove is arranged, and the planting soil is not easy to run off.

Specifically, the first main framework 6, the second main framework 7, the water interception edge 12 and the plant growth groove 4 are integrally arranged; the main framework of the full slope 15 is made of factory prefabricated geotechnical materials, is fixed by anchor rods 1 and expansion bolts 3 on site, and the framing frames are spliced on site by injection molding. And the cast-in-place concrete curing is not performed in a large area, and the construction is simple, convenient and quick. The high-strength tensile geotechnical material is used as a base layer to reduce the self weight of the masonry, and the anchoring piece is used as a main supporting system and is reinforced by the expansion bolts 3, so that the setting requirement of hanging nets on rock slopes with slope rates of 1:0.25-1:1 can be met. And the combination of the pocket type plant growing groove 4 realizes the protection of green plants 5 of the steep rocky slope. The full slope 15 adopts the geotechnical material flexible protection, has no hard block masonry that easily drops, and the piecewise is fixed, can not drop in a large scale.

firstly, fixing a side slope by arranging grid units and anchoring pieces so as to solve the problem that a high-steep rock side slope cannot realize green protection in a slope rate interval of 1:0.25-1:1; the anchor is adopted for reinforcement, and the planting groove 4 meets the requirements of steep slope soil-covering, so that the method is suitable for various stratum conditions; the method can be widely applied to the fields of railway, highway deep cutting slope, mine restoration, hydraulic engineering high-steep slope and the like;

secondly, the first main framework 6, the second main framework 7, the water interception edge 12 and the vegetation groove 4 are integrally arranged, so that the rock slope protection masonry amount is reduced, the construction process of manually stacking the chippings or pouring the concrete is simplified, the large-area masonry is not required to be maintained, and the maintenance period is greatly shortened; meanwhile, the risks of vehicle damage and casualties caused by block-shaped masonry falling off in the later operation process are avoided;

thirdly, the geotechnical material is adopted for flexible protection, the protection masonry quantity is greatly reduced, the material unit price is low, batch production of factories can be realized, and the total construction cost of the engineering is low.

In this embodiment, in order to further enhance the connection between the slope device and the slope, the protection device further includes a supporting frame 8, where the supporting frame 8 is also located in the grid unit, and in the vertical direction, the supporting frame 8 is located below the intercepting edge 12, as shown in fig. 1, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, the supporting frame 8 is located below the intercepting edge 12, and the supporting frame 8 and the main frame are in the same horizontal plane. The supporting framework 8 is integrally arranged with the first main framework 6 and/or the second main framework 7, and as shown above, the supporting framework 8 is also made of geotechnical materials, and can be correspondingly arranged by referring to the main frameworks.

Further, in order to facilitate the storage and drainage of the slope, the first main framework 6, the second main framework 7, the water interception edge 12 and the branch framework 8 are provided with water storage layers 13 and drainage layers 14, and the water storage layers 13 are positioned above the drainage layers 14 in the vertical direction; the plant growing groove 4 of the same horizontal layer is communicated with the water storage layer 13 of the water interception edge 12 through the horizontal drainage channel 9. The first main framework 6 and the second main framework 7 are provided with drainage grooves, the cross sections of the drainage grooves are U-shaped, and an aquifer 13 and a drainage layer 14 are arranged below the bottoms of the drainage grooves so as to guide accumulated water in the rock mass of the side slope to the aquifer 13 through the drainage layer 14, thereby ensuring smooth drainage of the slope surface 15 and the rock mass in the rainstorm period and water retention of soil pores of green plants 5; the water-intercepting edge 12 also has an aquifer 13 and a drainage layer 14, and the supporting framework 8 also has an aquifer 13 and a drainage layer 14; the aquifer 13 can be obtained by filling in a mode of combining water-absorbing cotton ropes and geotextiles; the drainage layer 14 may be filled with sand gravel, and in other embodiments, the aquifer 13 and the drainage layer 14 may be formed of other materials or structures, which are within the scope of the present application.

For better drainage, the aquifer 13 is provided with a through water seepage hole 11, so that accumulated water of the drainage layer 14 can be directly fed back upwards through the water seepage hole 11, and the aquifer 13 is prevented from being saturated with water and can not be effectively drained during heavy rain.

For a plurality of rows of plant growth grooves 4, the plant growth grooves 4 of the same horizontal layer (same row) are communicated with the water storage layer 13 of the water interception edge 12 through the horizontal drainage channel 9 so as to communicate the bottom of the plant growth grooves 4 with the water storage layer 13 and ensure the water balance of the plant growth grooves 4; it will be appreciated that the aquifer 13 and drainage layer 14 of the first main frame 6, the second main frame 7, the branch frame 8 should be located in the same horizontal plane separately so that the aquifer 13 and drainage layer 14 of each structure are respectively connected, so that the accumulated water inside the rock mass can be led out to the main frame along the branch frame 8 and can be discharged from the drainage channel. Correspondingly, the bottom of the plant growing groove 4 is provided with a horizontal drainage through hole 41 for installing the horizontal drainage channel 9, the horizontal drainage channel 9 can be provided with a water absorption cotton rope, the water absorption cotton rope passes through the horizontal drainage through hole 41 to connect the plant growing grooves 4 in the same row, and the two ends of the horizontal drainage channel 9 can be respectively communicated with the water interception edges 12, so that water flow can flow to the water storage layers 13 of the water interception edges 12, and when in storm, the water accumulated at the bottom of the plant growing groove 4 flows to the water storage layers 13 of the water interception edges 12 through the horizontal drainage channel 9 to realize guiding out, so that the water drainage in the storm period is smooth; under normal conditions, the horizontal drainage channel 9 can absorb water through the water storage layer 13 of the water interception edge 12, so that the water retention of the soil pores of the green plants 5 in the plant growing tank 4 is ensured.

Specifically, a plurality of rows of plant growth grooves 4 are longitudinally arranged along the second main framework 7, each row comprises a plurality of plant growth grooves 4 arranged along the horizontal direction, and the plant growth grooves 4 in adjacent rows are arranged at intervals.

In this embodiment, each grid unit is composed of two first main frameworks 6 and two second main frameworks 7, drainage grooves are respectively arranged on the first main frameworks 6 and the second main frameworks 7, the bottoms of the drainage grooves are provided with upward-inclined drainage holes 10, and the upward-inclined drainage holes 10 penetrate through the drainage grooves and can extend into the side slope; it can be understood that the upward-inclined drain hole 10 can be realized in a manner of arranging a pipeline, such as a plastic pipe, in the slope so as to lead out the accumulated water in the slope and drain the accumulated water from the drain tank; in order to better drain the accumulated water on the side slope, as shown in fig. 2, the hole opening of the upward-inclined drain hole 10 positioned in the side slope is higher than the hole opening positioned at one end of the drain tank in the vertical direction, so that the accumulated water is drained from top to bottom under the action of gravity. Preferably, the water seepage holes 11 and the upward drainage holes 10 are preferably arranged on the second main framework 7, namely, on the main framework arranged along the direction of the slope surface 15 of the slope, so as to further simplify the structure of the device and reduce the operation cost.

In this embodiment, the supporting framework 8 is a fishbone-shaped supporting framework 8, which comprises a first supporting framework 8 and a second supporting framework 8, wherein the first supporting framework 8 and the second supporting framework 8 are symmetrically arranged along the central line of the grid unit, the first supporting framework 8 and the second supporting framework 8 are provided with included angles, and the openings are arranged towards the slope bottom direction of the slope so as to further accelerate the drainage of accumulated water; further, two ends of the fishbone-shaped supporting framework 8 are respectively communicated with the upward-inclined drain holes 10 of the second main frameworks 7 at two sides, so that the water storage layer 13 and the drain layer 14 of the supporting framework 8 can be communicated with the upward-inclined drain holes 10, and the drainage of accumulated water is further quickened; preferably, a upward-inclined drain hole 10 can be arranged at the top point of the fishbone-shaped supporting frame 8, and the bottom of the water interception edge 12 can be also provided with the upward-inclined drain hole 10, so that the interstitial water in the rock is led out to the water interception edge 12 for draining; the structure of the inclined drain hole 10 can be set with reference to the structure of the inclined drain hole 10 on the main framework, thereby further improving the drainage efficiency of accumulated water.

Aiming at the structure, the main framework adopts three arched layers (a drainage tank, a water storage layer 13 and a water seepage layer), so that smooth drainage of the slope 15 under the heavy rain condition is ensured; the supporting framework 8 adopts a fishbone-shaped double-layer arrangement (a water storage layer 13+ water seepage layer) to ensure that the water in the cracks in the rock body can be smoothly discharged; the bottom of each layer of pocket type plant growth groove 4 is communicated with a horizontal water storage layer 13, and the water storage layers 13 of the main and branch frames 8 are combined, so that long-time moist of planting soil is ensured, and vegetation is easy to survive.

In this embodiment, the plant-growing tank 4 has a soil-setting cavity and a horizontal drain through hole 41, the horizontal drain through hole 41 being located at the bottom of the plant-growing tank 4 for installing the horizontal drain passage 9; the high and steep rock slope protection device further comprises an expansion bolt 3, wherein the expansion bolt 3 is positioned on the bottom wall of the plant growth groove 4 and is used for fixing the plant growth groove 4 and the slope. The geotechnical material pocket type plant-growing groove 4 is firmly embedded with the slope 15 rock body by adopting the expansion bolts 3, planting soil is filled into the pocket type plant-growing groove 4, the spacing block type plant-growing groove is arranged, and the planting soil is not easy to run off.

In a specific embodiment, the geotechnical material compression molding machine is modified and adjusted according to structural requirements so as to meet the requirement of modularized integrated molding of the high-strength geotechnical material. And determining the material thickness, the interval arrangement, the structural size and the like of the main framework support framework 8 according to the designed slope rate and the grading height by combining project engineering characteristics. And if necessary, adopting an indoor test to perform a tensile shear strength test of the geotechnical framework material and a capillary water rising height test of the water absorption cotton rope so as to verify the reliability of the design scheme.

The concrete construction process is as follows: the implementation method is implemented strictly according to the construction sequence of excavating the slope 15, embedding and leveling, measuring and lofting, positioning a drilling machine, arranging the anchor rods 1, filling the skeleton, fixing the skeleton, closing the anchor rods 1, fixing the grass planting grooves and spraying planting soil.

(1) According to the height of the side slope, the slope rate and the formation lithology, the design parameters such as the setting length of the anchor rod 1, the transverse and longitudinal spacing of the main framework, the spacing of the upward and downward inclined drain holes 10 and the like are determined. The type and arrangement form of green protection plants are selected and the structural dimensions of the water interception edge 12, the water storage layer 13 and the drainage layer 14 are determined according to the climate characteristics and the aesthetic requirements of the region where the project is located.

(2) The block geotechnical material frames and the plant-growing grooves 4 are prefabricated in batches in a factory according to a design drawing, integrally compression-molded and connected through ultrasonic hot melting.

(3) Slope excavation, namely smooth blasting is adopted to ensure that the slope is smooth in the air surface, and the concave-convex parts are cleaned and embedded with concrete.

(4) And (3) measuring and paying off, positioning a drilling machine of the anchor rod 1, and drilling the anchor rod 1 according to the designed hole site, wherein the length of the anchor rod 1 is 2-5 m. When the rock mass is broken or has unfavorable joint cracks, the length of the anchor rod 1 can be properly adjusted or the prestressed anchor cable is adopted for reinforcement.

(5) The upward inclined drain holes 10 are arranged at intervals according to the hydrogeology of the rock stratum.

(6) The water absorbing or permeable materials such as water absorbing cotton ropes, geotextile, sand gravel and the like are respectively filled in the water storage layer 13 and the drainage layer 14 of the main framework of the block framework, the branch framework 8, and the water absorbing cotton ropes are filled in the horizontal drainage through holes 41 corresponding to the bottom of the plant growing groove 4.

(7) And temporarily fixing four corners of the filled module frame with the anchor rods 1 of the leakage part, fixing the upper, lower, left and right four corners of the four modules at the joint of the intermediate anchor rods 1, and splicing the frame in the frame by adopting injection molding connection site after the whole slope 15 is paved. And sealing and fixing the joints of each anchor rod 1 by adopting a concrete anchor head 2 or a bearing plate.

(8) And (3) manually fixing the plant growing groove 4 point by point, wherein the length of the bolt is 15-30 cm, and the external leakage part is coated with antirust paint.

(9) And the mixed seeds, pulp fibers, fertilizer, binder and other planting soil are sprayed on the whole slope 15 by adopting a spray planter, so that each planting groove 4 is ensured to be filled with planting soil and sprayed with water for maintenance.

Taking the accumulated water circulation of the protection device for storm as an example, the interstitial water in the rock is circulated to the drainage layer 14 and the aquifer 13 through the upward inclined drainage holes 10 of the main framework and the supporting framework 8, and is discharged to the drainage ditch 16 at the bottom of the slope through the drainage groove of the main framework; the accumulated water in the plant growth groove 4 flows to the water storage layer 13 of the water interception edge 12 through the horizontal drainage channel 9, is led out through the communication between the water storage layer 13 of the water interception edge 12 and the water storage layer 13 of the main framework, and is finally discharged to the drainage ditch 16 through the drainage groove of the main framework.

The device breaks through the bottleneck of the vast majority of existing high-steep rock slopes limited to engineering protection, and effectively solves the problem that the high-steep rock slopes cannot realize green protection in a 1:0.25-1:1 slope rate interval; the engineering cost is reduced: the flexible protection of geotechnical materials and the like is mainly adopted, the protection masonry quantity is greatly reduced, the material unit price is low, the batch production of factories can be realized, and the total construction cost is low; the construction period is shortened: the local reinforced concrete of the anchor head 2 or the bearing plate of the anchor rod 1 adopts quick hardening cement, and the rest part is made of geotechnical materials, so that the large-area masonry is not required to be maintained, and the construction period can be obviously shortened; and the later operation risk is reduced: the whole slope 15 is partitioned by adopting a flexible geotechnical material framework, so that the risks of vehicle damage and casualties caused by block-shaped masonry falling off in the later operation process are avoided; the easy survival and maintenance difficulty of the green plants 5 is small: the capillary water absorption characteristic of the water absorption cotton rope is utilized, the water absorption cotton rope is filled in the skeleton water storage layer 13 and is supplied with water through the water seepage holes 11 and the upward inclined water drainage holes 10, so that the soil at the bottom of the plant growing groove 4 is kept moist, and the survival rate of green plants 5 is ensured; the application range is wide: the anchor rod 1 or the anchor cable is adopted for fixing and reinforcing, the pocket type plant-growing bag meets the requirements of steep slope soil and is suitable for various stratum conditions. Can be widely applied to the fields of railway, highway deep cutting slope, mine restoration, hydraulic engineering high and steep slope and the like.

While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The high and steep rock slope protection device is characterized by comprising a first main framework and a second main framework, wherein the first main framework and the second main framework are arranged in a staggered manner to form grid units, and the grid units are paved along the slope direction of the slope and are fixed with the slope through anchoring pieces;

2. The high and steep rocky slope protection device according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. The high and steep rocky slope protection device according to claim 2, wherein the first main frame, the second main frame, the intercepting edge and the supporting frame each have an aquifer and a drainage layer, the aquifer being located above the drainage layer in a vertical direction;

4. A steep rocky side slope protection device according to claim 3, wherein the number of the first main frameworks and the second main frameworks is two, the first main frameworks are arranged along the lateral direction of the side slope, and the second main frameworks are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the side slope;

5. The high and steep rocky side slope protection device according to claim 4, wherein the supporting framework is a fishbone supporting framework, and an opening of the fishbone supporting framework faces to the bottom direction of the side slope;

6. The high and steep rocky side slope protection device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rows of the plant-growing grooves are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the second main framework, each row comprises a plurality of plant-growing grooves arranged along the horizontal direction, and the plant-growing grooves of adjacent rows are arranged at intervals.

7. The high and steep rocky slope protection device according to claim 1, wherein the plant-growing tank is provided with a soil-placing cavity and a horizontal drainage through hole, and the horizontal drainage through hole is positioned at the bottom of the plant-growing tank and is used for installing a horizontal drainage channel;

8. The high and steep rocky slope protection device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the anchor comprises one of a reinforced concrete anchor head and a bearing plate and one of an anchor rod and an anchor cable;

9. The high and steep rocky slope protection device according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein the first main frame, the second main frame, the sub-frame and the plant growing tank are all geotechnical members; the water storage layer comprises water absorption cotton ropes and geotextiles; the drainage layer includes sand gravel.

10. The high and steep rocky slope protection device according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the first main skeleton and the second main skeleton is greater than or equal to 10mm;

and/or, the thickness of the branch framework is greater than or equal to 5mm;