CN220382090U - Unit type plastic package module - Google Patents

Abstract

A unit type plastic package module. Relates to the technical field of semiconductors. Comprising the following steps: an insulating substrate, the upper surface of which is provided with a first power metal layer; the first power metal layer is provided with a first power connecting block which is fixedly connected; the power chips are arranged on the first power metal layer through welding/sintering; and the upper surfaces of the power chips are respectively provided with a power connection block II which is fixedly connected. The power chips are IGBT chips, collector electrodes of the IGBT chips are welded/sintered on the first power metal layer of the insulating substrate, the upper surfaces of the IGBT chips are emitters, and the emitters are provided with a second power connecting block which is fixedly connected. The utility model effectively reduces the parasitic inductance of the power module and effectively improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

Description

Unit type plastic package module

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of semiconductors, in particular to a unit type plastic package module.

Background

The power semiconductor technology plays a very important role in the current rapidly-developed industrial field, and the power module is used as a representative of the power semiconductor technology and is widely applied to industries such as electric automobiles, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, industrial frequency conversion and the like. With the rise of the industry in China, the power semiconductor module has wider market prospect.

With the development of power semiconductor technology, the requirements on high conversion efficiency, high power density and high-efficiency heat dissipation of the plastic package module are continuously improved. However, as switching speeds and operating frequencies increase, the effects of parasitic parameters in the module package become more and more apparent. For example, the conventional insulating substrate and aluminum wire bonding package structure is widely used for multi-chip power module package due to its mature manufacture and low cost, but the packaging method can result in larger parasitic inductance in the current loop. The larger parasitic inductance can cause the switching loss of the power semiconductor device to be increased, and simultaneously cause electromagnetic interference problems such as high-frequency oscillation and the like, and even damage caused by overvoltage.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at the problems and provides a unit type plastic package module capable of reducing volume and parasitic inductance.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

a unitary plastic package module, comprising:

an insulating substrate, the upper surface of which is provided with a first power metal layer; the first power metal layer is provided with a first power connecting block which is fixedly connected;

the power chips are arranged on the first power metal layer through welding/sintering; and the upper surfaces of the power chips are respectively provided with a power connection block II which is fixedly connected.

Specifically, the power chips are IGBT chips, the collector electrodes of the IGBT chips are welded/sintered on the first power metal layer of the insulating substrate, the upper surfaces of the IGBT chips are emitters, and the emitters are provided with a second power connecting block which is fixedly connected.

Specifically, the power chips are MOSFET chips, drain electrodes of the MOSFET chips are welded/sintered on the first power metal layer of the insulating substrate, the upper surfaces of the MOSFET chips are sources, and the second power connecting block is fixedly arranged on the sources.

Specifically, the power chips are FRD chips or SBD chips, anodes of the FRD chips or the SBD chips are welded or sintered on the first power metal layer, and cathodes of the FRD chips or the SBD chips are welded or sintered with a second power connecting block;

or, the cathodes of the FRD chips or the SBD chips are welded or sintered on the first power metal layer, and the anodes of the FRD chips or the SBD chips are welded or sintered with the second power connecting block.

Specifically, the upper surface of the insulating substrate is also provided with a gate metal layer, one end of the gate metal layer is electrically connected with the gate of the IGBT chip through a bonding wire, and a gate connecting block is welded/sintered at the other end of the gate metal layer.

Specifically, the upper surface of the insulating substrate is also provided with a gate metal layer, one end of the gate metal layer is electrically connected with the gate of the MOSFET chip through a bonding wire, and the other end of the gate metal layer is welded/sintered with a gate connecting block.

Specifically, the upper surface of the insulating substrate is also provided with a source electrode/emitter electrode driving metal layer;

and one end of the source electrode/emitter electrode driving metal layer is electrically connected with the source electrode or the emitter electrode of the power chip through a bonding wire, and the other end of the source electrode/emitter electrode driving metal layer is connected with the source electrode or the emitter electrode driving connecting block through welding or sintering.

Specifically, a molybdenum sheet is welded or sintered between the upper surface of the power chip and the second power connecting block.

Specifically, the insulating substrate sequentially comprises an upper surface metal layer, an intermediate insulating layer and a lower surface metal layer from top to bottom.

Specifically, the insulating substrate is provided with epoxy resin for wrapping the power chip;

the tops of the first power connecting block, the second power connecting block and the gate connecting block extend out of the epoxy resin respectively;

the bottom of the metal layer on the lower surface of the insulating substrate extends out of the epoxy resin.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the areas such as the insulating substrate and the power chip are respectively and electrically connected in a power connection block mode, the MOSFET chip adopts a double-sided welding technology, the bonding wire of a power loop is removed, and the parasitic inductance of the power module is effectively reduced; meanwhile, heat is dissipated to two sides, so that heat dissipation efficiency is effectively improved.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the internal arrangement of a unit type plastic package module,

figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal arrangement structure of the unit type plastic package module,

figure 3 is a schematic view of the rear perspective structure of the insulating substrate,

figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of the connection block in a state of extending from the epoxy resin,

figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the back surface of the insulating substrate in a state of protruding from the epoxy resin,

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing the connection state of the related electrode and the system insulation substrate,

figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the connection state of the electrode and the system insulation substrate,

figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection state structure of the unit plastic package module and the system insulation substrate,

figure 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the corresponding electrodes on the system insulating substrate penetrating from the casing,

figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the unit plastic package module and the side of the system insulation substrate,

figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a unit type plastic package module and a system insulating substrate after filling silicone gel or silicone rubber,

figure 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the rear side of the additional housing of the system insulation substrate,

figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a balanced metal layer arrangement,

fig. 14 is a perspective view showing a connection state of the unit type plastic package module and the heat sink,

100 is an insulating substrate, 110 is a drain/collector metal layer, 111 is a power connection block two, 120 is a gate metal layer, 121 is a gate connection block, 130 is a source/emitter drive metal layer, 131 is a source/emitter drive connection block,

200 is a power chip, 210 is a power connection block one,

300 is an epoxy resin and is preferably a polymer,

400 is a system insulating substrate, 401 is a system upper surface metal layer, 402 is a system middle insulating layer, 403 is a system lower surface metal layer, 404 is a balance metal layer,

410 is a positive electrode metal layer, 420 is a negative electrode metal layer, 430 is an output electrode metal layer, 440 is an upper bridge gate metal layer, 450 is an upper bridge source/emitter metal layer, 460 is a lower bridge gate metal layer, 470 is a lower bridge source/emitter metal layer,

510 is the positive electrode, 520 is the negative electrode, 530 is the output electrode, 540 is the upper bridge gate electrode, 550 is the upper bridge source/emitter electrode, 560 is the lower bridge gate electrode, 570 is the lower bridge source/emitter electrode,

600 is a unit type plastic package module,

700 is a cover plate and 800 is a housing.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

To facilitate the understanding of the technical solution, the following is divided into 3 parts:

part 1: a unit type plastic package module, as shown with reference to fig. 1-5;

the unit type plastic package module is of a single-tube structure in a circuit structure, the device type mainly comprises IGBT, MOSFET, FRD, SBD and the like, and two types of chips can be packaged together according to actual circuit requirements. The single-tube structure type is the simplest circuit form, and a complex circuit is often formed by combining the single tubes, so that the single tubes are packaged as basic circuit types; in addition, the single-tube package is small in size, simple in process and convenient to screen, and interface stress among different materials in the package can be reduced, and warp deformation is reduced.

A unitary plastic package module, comprising:

an insulating substrate 100, the upper surface of which is provided with a first power metal layer 110; the first power metal layer 110 is provided with a first power connecting block 111 which is fixedly connected with the first power metal layer;

the power chip 200 is provided with a plurality of power metal layers 110 which are arranged on the first power metal layer through welding/sintering; the upper surfaces of the power chips 200 are respectively provided with a power connection block two 210 which is fixedly connected.

A molybdenum sheet is welded or sintered between the upper surface of the power chip 200 and the second power connection block 210.

The power chip 200 is further defined to include the following types:

type 1: the power chips 200 are IGBT chips, the collectors of the IGBT chips are welded/sintered on the first power metal layer 110 of the insulating substrate 100, the upper surfaces of the IGBT chips are emitters, and the emitters are provided with a second power connection block 210 that is fixedly connected.

The upper surface of the insulating substrate 100 is provided with a gate metal layer 120, one end of the gate metal layer 120 is electrically connected with the gate of the IGBT chip through a bonding wire, and the other end is welded/sintered with a gate connecting block 121.

One end of the source/emitter electrode driving metal layer 130 is electrically connected with the source or emitter electrode of the IGBT chip of the power chip through a bonding wire, and the other end is connected with the source or emitter electrode driving connection block 131 through a welding or sintering mode.

The source/emitter is in OR relationship, and the IGBT chip is provided with a gate electrode, a collector electrode and an emitter electrode; the gate, drain, source for a MOSFET chip.

Type 2: the power chips 200 are MOSFET chips, drain electrodes of the MOSFET chips 200 are soldered/sintered on the first power metal layer 110 of the insulating substrate 100, upper surfaces of the MOSFET chips are source electrodes, and the second power connection block 210 is fixedly disposed on the source electrodes. The scheme is preferably provided with 4 MOSFET chips, and the 4 MOSFET chips are connected in parallel to form 1 single-tube circuit.

The upper surface of the insulating substrate 100 is provided with a gate metal layer 120, one end of the gate metal layer 120 is electrically connected with the gate of the MOSFET chip through a bonding wire, and the other end is welded/sintered with a gate connecting block 121.

The upper surface of the insulating substrate 100 is further provided with a source/emitter electrode driving metal layer 130;

one end of the source/emitter electrode driving metal layer 130 is electrically connected with the source electrode or the emitter electrode of the MOSFET chip through a bonding wire, and the other end is connected with the active source electrode or the emitter electrode driving connection block 131 through a welding or sintering mode.

Type 3: the power chips 200 are FRD chips or SBD chips, anodes of the FRD chips or SBD chips are welded or sintered on the first power metal layer 110, and cathodes of the FRD chips or SBD chips are welded or sintered with a second power connection block 210;

alternatively, cathodes of the FRD or SBD chips are welded or sintered on the first power metal layer 110, and anodes of the FRD or SBD chips are welded or sintered with the second power connection block 210.

The insulating substrate 100 further defines:

the insulating substrate 100 includes an upper surface metal layer, an intermediate insulating layer, and a lower surface metal layer in this order from top to bottom. The upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer are respectively made of copper or aluminum, and the middle insulating layer is made of Al ₂ O ₃ Or AlN or Si ₃ N ₄ 。

The insulating substrate 100 is provided with an epoxy resin 300 for wrapping the power chip;

the top parts of the first power connection block 111, the second power connection block 210 and the gate connection block 121 respectively extend out of the epoxy resin (300), and the height of the extending out of the epoxy resin 300 is preferably 2-3 mm;

the bottom of the metal layer on the lower surface of the insulating substrate 100 protrudes from the epoxy resin 300, and the height of the protruding epoxy resin 300 is preferably 0.1mm.

In this case, the connection blocks (including the first power connection block 111, the second power connection block 210, the gate connection block 121 and the source/emitter electrode driving connection block 131 are made of copper, molybdenum copper or AlSiC, wherein the first power connection block is preferably made of molybdenum copper or AlSiC, and the second power connection block, the source/emitter electrode connection block and the gate connection block are preferably made of copper.

The circuit topology structure of the unit type plastic package module is single tube, half bridge, boost, chopper or full bridge.

The outline of the block after plastic packaging is shown in fig. 4-5, and the power chip, the bonding wire, a part of the connection block (including the source connection block, the source driving connection block and the gate connection block) and a part of the insulation substrate are coated by epoxy resin. Part of the structure of the connecting block penetrates through the epoxy to be exposed outside and is equivalent to an electrode of the single-tube module, and the connecting block mainly plays roles of circuit connection and heat dissipation channels. The height of the epoxy 300 in the direction of the upper surface of the insulating substrate is preferably 1-2mm beyond the bonding wire.

Part 2: an integrated power module, as shown with reference to fig. 6-13;

in an actual use circuit, the power part is often a half-bridge circuit topology, or a full-bridge circuit, a three-phase bridge circuit or the like, so that a plurality of single-tube modules are often required to be combined in actual use, and a specific combination mode can be determined according to an actual circuit and layout of a user. The utility model will now be described by way of example with respect to a half-bridge circuit topology, which may be formed by combining two single-tube modules. In addition to two single-tube modules, a carrier for combining the two single-tube modules is required for realizing the half-bridge circuit topology, so that a system insulating substrate is further introduced, and a circuit interface, namely an electrode, is matched with the system insulating substrate, as shown in fig. 6.

An integrated power module, comprising:

the system insulation substrate 400 is provided with a positive electrode metal layer 410, a negative electrode metal layer 420 and an output electrode metal layer 430 which are fixedly arranged at intervals on the top surface;

a positive electrode 510 fixedly connected to the positive electrode metal layer 410 by sintering or welding;

a negative electrode 520 fixedly connected to the negative electrode metal layer 420 by sintering or welding;

an output electrode 530 fixedly connected to the output electrode metal layer 430 by sintering or welding;

the unit plastic package module 600 has two or more units electrically connected to corresponding metal layers on the system insulation substrate 400.

Further defined, the top surface of the system insulating substrate is further provided with an upper bridge gate metal layer 440, an upper bridge source/emitter metal layer 450, a lower bridge gate metal layer 460 and a lower bridge source/emitter metal layer 470;

an upper bridge gate electrode 540 fixedly connected to the upper bridge gate metal layer 440 by sintering or welding;

an upper bridge source/emitter electrode 550 fixedly connected to the upper bridge source/emitter metal layer 450 by sintering or welding;

the lower bridge gate electrode 560 is fixedly connected to the lower bridge gate metal layer 460 by sintering or welding;

the lower bridge source/emitter electrode 570 is fixedly connected to the lower bridge source/emitter metal layer 470 by sintering or soldering. The material of the electrode is preferably copper, and the connection between the electrode and the insulating substrate metal layer can be achieved by adopting an ultrasonic metal welding mode.

Referring to fig. 11, there are two unit plastic package modules 600, and more than two unit plastic package modules 600 may be provided in actual use, and the corresponding connection blocks on the unit plastic package modules 600 are electrically connected with the corresponding metal layers on the system insulation substrate 400. So far, two unit power modules are assembled on a system insulating substrate, and the half-bridge power module with an external circuit interface is formed through electrode extraction.

The function of the connecting block on the unit type plastic package module 600 is current transmission, and simultaneously, the heat of the power chip can be conducted to the system insulation substrate, so that the bonding wire of the power loop is eliminated, and meanwhile, the current path is also greatly shortened, so that the parasitic inductance is reduced; in addition, heat of the power chip can be dissipated through the insulating substrate of the unit plastic package module 600, and also can be conducted to the system insulating substrate through the corresponding connecting block, so that double-sided heat dissipation is truly realized.

The system insulating substrate 400 is further optimized as shown with reference to fig. 13:

the system middle insulating layer 402 of the system insulating substrate 400 is provided with a balance metal layer 404, and the balance metal layer 404 is a rectangular frame and is fixedly disposed outside the positive electrode metal layer 410, the negative electrode metal layer 420 and the output electrode metal layer 430.

Further defining the assembled structure of the unit plastic package module 600 and the system insulation substrate 400:

the gap between the unit plastic package module 600 and the system insulation substrate 400 is filled with silicone gel or silicone rubber.

The half-bridge power module filled with silicone gel or silicone rubber is provided with a cover plate 700 above the housing, the cover plate 700 is connected with the housing through bonding or buckling, an opening is formed in the middle of the cover plate 700 and matched with the unit type plastic package module, the size of the opening is slightly larger than that of the unit type plastic package module, and an insulating substrate of the unit type plastic package module exceeds the cover plate 700, as shown in fig. 11.

The system insulating substrate 400 is bonded with a casing 800 at the periphery, as shown in fig. 9 and 12, and the positive electrode 510, the negative electrode 520, the output electrode 530, the upper bridge gate electrode 540, the upper bridge source/emitter electrode 550, the lower bridge gate electrode 560, and the lower bridge source/emitter electrode 570 all penetrate through the casing.

The bottom of the system insulation substrate 400 protrudes from the inside of the housing 800, and the lower surface metal layer of the insulation substrate 100 of the plurality of unit plastic package modules 600 protrudes from the inside of the housing 800, as shown with reference to fig. 12.

Further preferably, a casing is adhered to the periphery of the system insulating substrate 400, and the positive electrode 510, the negative electrode 520, the output electrode 530, the upper bridge gate electrode 540, the upper bridge source/emitter electrode 550, the lower bridge gate electrode 560, and the lower bridge source/emitter electrode 570 all penetrate through the casing.

The connection block transmits current and also is subjected to high voltage, and if the filler with high insulation strength is not provided, electrical breakdown easily occurs in practical use. In order to perfect the system scheme, a shell is arranged on the outer side of the combination of the unit type plastic package modules, as shown in fig. 9, the shell can be made of PBT, PPS, PA and the like, corresponding electrodes penetrate out of the side parts of the shell, the periphery of the lower surface of the shell is connected with a system insulation substrate through sealant, silica gel is filled in the shell, the surface of the system insulation substrate is covered by the silica gel, and meanwhile, the silica gel is filled between connecting blocks, so that the effects of insulating and isolating moisture and dust are achieved.

The system insulating substrate further defines:

the system insulation substrate 400 sequentially comprises a system upper surface metal layer 401, a system middle insulation layer 402 and a system lower surface metal layer 403 from top to bottom; the upper surface metal layer 401 and the lower surface metal layer 403 are respectively made of copper or aluminum, and the middle insulating layer 402 is made of Al ₂ O ₃ Or AlN or Si ₃ N ₄ 。

Because the assembled half-bridge power module, full-bridge power module or three-phase bridge power module has larger volume, the system insulation substrate 400 is easy to warp and deform due to inconsistent metal layers on the front side and the back side in the sintering or welding process, and serious warp and deformation cannot ensure that the half-bridge module is in good contact with a radiator, even ceramic cracking is caused, and the electrical safety is influenced. In order to reduce the deformation, a circle of balance metal layer 404 is disposed around the periphery of the system insulation substrate 400, and the balance metal layer 404 can balance the metal layers on both sides of the insulation substrate 400, as shown in fig. 12, so as to ensure the flatness of the system insulation substrate 400.

Further preferably, a bottom plate is welded or sintered below the system insulation substrate 400, and the material of the bottom plate is Cu or AlSiC. The bottom plate possesses sufficient mechanical strength, can realize the mechanical connection of integrated power module and radiator through the bolt, and the specific higher thermal conductivity of bottom plate can realize the heat at the inside horizontal conduction of bottom plate simultaneously, can effectively increase heat radiating area.

Part 3: use of power modules

In actual use, 3 integrated power modules are often formed into a three-phase bridge circuit topology, and considering that the utility model is of a double-sided heat dissipation structure, the 3 integrated power modules are firstly installed on a lower radiator, and the structure is shown with reference to fig. 14; the back of the unit type plastic package module is contacted with the radiator through heat conduction silicone grease.

Then the upper radiator is also arranged above the 3 half-bridge power modules, and the insulating substrates of the 6 unit plastic package modules used by the same 3 integrated power modules are contacted with the upper radiator through heat conduction silicone grease and the like, so that the efficient heat dissipation function is realized.

For the purposes of this disclosure, the following points are also described:

(1) The drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present application relate only to the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present application, and other structures can refer to common designs;

(2) The embodiments disclosed herein and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other to arrive at new embodiments without conflict;

the above is only a specific embodiment disclosed in the present application, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A unitary plastic package module, comprising:

an insulating substrate (100) with a first power metal layer (110) on the upper surface; the power metal layer I (110) is provided with a fixedly connected power connecting block I (111);

a plurality of power chips (200) which are arranged on the first power metal layer (110) through welding/sintering; and the upper surfaces of the power chips (200) are respectively provided with a power connection block II (210) which is fixedly connected.

2. The unit plastic package module according to claim 1, wherein the power chips (200) are IGBT chips, collector electrodes of the IGBT chips are welded/sintered on a power metal layer one (110) of the insulating substrate (100), the upper surfaces of the IGBT chips are emitters, and the emitters are provided with a power connection block two (210) fixedly connected.

3. The unit plastic package module according to claim 1, wherein the power chips (200) are MOSFET chips, drain electrodes of the MOSFET chips (200) are soldered/sintered on a power metal layer one (110) of the insulating substrate (100), upper surfaces of the MOSFET chips are source electrodes, and the power connection block two (210) is fixedly arranged on the source electrodes.

4. The unit plastic package module according to claim 1, wherein the power chips (200) are FRD chips or SBD chips, anodes of the FRD chips or SBD chips are welded or sintered on a first power metal layer (110), and cathodes of the FRD chips or SBD chips are welded or sintered with a second power connection block (210);

alternatively, cathodes of the FRD or SBD dies are welded or sintered on the first power metal layer (110), and anodes of the FRD or SBD dies are welded or sintered with the second power connection block (210).

5. The unit plastic package module according to claim 2, wherein a gate metal layer (120) is further disposed on the upper surface of the insulating substrate (100), one end of the gate metal layer (120) is electrically connected with the gate of the IGBT chip through a bonding wire, and a gate connecting block (121) is welded/sintered at the other end.

6. A unit plastic package module according to claim 3, wherein a gate metal layer (120) is further disposed on the upper surface of the insulating substrate (100), one end of the gate metal layer (120) is electrically connected to the gate of the MOSFET chip through a bonding wire, and a gate connection block (121) is welded/sintered at the other end.

7. A unit plastic package module according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the upper surface of the insulating substrate (100) is further provided with a source/emitter driving metal layer (130);

one end of the source/emitter electrode driving metal layer (130) is electrically connected with a source electrode or an emitter electrode of the power chip (200) through a bonding wire, and the other end of the source/emitter electrode driving metal layer is connected with a source electrode or an emitter electrode driving connecting block (131) through welding or sintering.

8. The unit plastic package module according to claim 1, wherein a molybdenum sheet is welded or sintered between the upper surface of the power chip (200) and the second power connection block (210).

9. The unitary plastic packaging module of claim 1, wherein the insulating substrate (100) comprises, in order from top to bottom, an upper surface metal layer, an intermediate insulating layer, and a lower surface metal layer.

10. The unit plastic package module according to claim 1, wherein the insulating substrate (100) is provided with an epoxy resin (300) for wrapping the power chip;

the tops of the first power connecting block (111) and the second power connecting block (210) respectively extend out of the epoxy resin (300);

the bottom of the metal layer on the lower surface of the insulating substrate (100) extends out of the epoxy resin (300).