CN220270736U - Large-span bridge deflection symmetrical measurement system based on laser displacement sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on a laser displacement sensor, which comprises symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensors correspondingly arranged at n measuring stations of a bridge; each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor comprises a left collimating laser which emits a collimating laser beam leftwards, a right collimating laser which emits a collimating laser beam rightwards, a left photoelectric receiver which receives the collimating laser beam emitted leftwards, and a right photoelectric receiver which receives the collimating laser beam emitted rightwards; in two adjacent symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensors: the right collimating laser and the right photoelectric receiver of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned on the left side are in one-to-one correspondence with the left photoelectric receiver and the left collimating laser of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned on the right side, and collimated laser beams are received and transmitted bidirectionally, so that high-precision measurement of bridge deflection is realized.

Description

Large-span bridge deflection symmetrical measurement system based on laser displacement sensor

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of bridge engineering detection and bridge health monitoring, and relates to a large-span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on a laser displacement sensor.

Background

The bridge with large span spans across the great river, the mountain, the canyon, the lake and the bay, and is connected with the land and the island, thereby providing a convenient passage for the highway and the railway. In operation, the large-span bridge bears various loads. In order to fully understand the technical state of bridge operation in real time and ensure the safety of bridge structures, the working environment and the structural state of the bridge are required to be monitored in real time by adopting advanced sensing technology, measurement and control technology, computer technology, network communication technology and the like. The deflection of the large-span bridge is an extremely important index of the safety state of the bridge structure, and is also an extremely important content in the test detection and health monitoring of various items of the large-span bridge. In the experimental detection (monitoring) of each stage of the full life of the bridge with a large span, the important index of the bridge deflection is required to be measured and evaluated.

A large amount of research and development work is carried out at home and abroad to obtain a plurality of achievements capable of being applied to bridge deflection measurement. However, the achievements have a plurality of defects in the practical engineering application of the static and dynamic deflection measurement of the large-span bridge. Bridge deflection measuring devices based on surveying instruments such as level (including common level, precise level, electronic theodolite and the like), theodolite (including common theodolite and precise theodolite) and total station (including common total station and automatic tracking total station) can only be used for measuring static deflection of a bridge, cannot be used for measuring dynamic deflection of the bridge in real time, and particularly, in bridge deflection measurement, normal traffic is closed and the measuring time is long; the bridge deflection measuring device based on the sensors/systems of the liquid communicating pipes which are used for measuring the liquid height, the liquid pressure, the air pressure in the pipe and the like can only measure the vertical deflection of the bridge and the static deflection of the bridge due to the specificity of the communicating pipe sensor; bridge deflection measuring devices adopting accelerometer (including various types of acceleration, speed sensor, displacement sensor and the like) and inclinometer (including various types of inclinometers, gyroscopes, angular velocity meters and the like) are low in bridge deflection measuring precision due to the limitation of measuring precision and response frequency of the sensor; bridge deflection measuring devices based on displacement meter sensors (dial indicators, electronic displacement meters, photoelectric displacement meters and the like) can only be used for measuring deflection of small and medium-span bridges, and are not suitable for bridges crossing rivers and deep-channel canyons and are not suitable for measuring static and dynamic deflection of large-span bridges due to the fact that sensor support frames need to be erected in use; the bridge deflection measuring device based on the photoelectric deflection instrument (namely the optical imaging photoelectric deflection instrument) and the laser deflection instrument has low remote measurement precision, can be used for measuring the deflection of a middle-span and small-span bridge, and cannot be used for measuring the deflection of a large-span bridge; the bridge deflection measuring device adopting the differential GPS and GPS RTK real-time dynamic relative positioning system has the measuring precision of centimeter level, the measuring precision of bridge deflection is low, and the bridge deflection cannot be measured with high precision and the vibration of the bridge structure cannot be analyzed; the bridge deflection measuring device adopting the laser scanning measuring instrument can only be used for measuring the static deflection of the bridge, and has lower measuring precision; the bridge deflection measuring device based on the microwave interferometer is used by arranging the microwave interferometer at the lower part of the bridge or the bank of the river, and installing the reflective sign on the lower structure of the bridge, so that the use operation is relatively complex.

Therefore, there is a need to develop a bridge deflection measuring device suitable for a large-span bridge and capable of measuring static and dynamic deflection of the bridge with high precision. The utility model patent with publication number of CN115096529A discloses a bridge dynamic deflection distributed measuring device and a measuring method, wherein the distributed multiple strain sensors and auxiliary devices thereof are adopted in the patent, the bridge deformation is calculated through the obtained strain quantity, the bridge deflection is calculated, and the measuring precision is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the utility model aims to provide a large-span bridge deflection symmetrical measuring system based on a laser displacement sensor, so as to solve the problems that the existing deflection measuring device is not suitable for the large-span bridge and can not measure the static deflection of the bridge at the same time with high precision.

The technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: a large-span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on a laser displacement sensor comprises:

n symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensors, wherein n symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensors are correspondingly arranged at n measuring sites on the bridge deck at the upper part of the bridge, and n is more than 3;

in two adjacent symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensors:

the right collimating laser of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left photoelectric receiver of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the right side, and the right photoelectric receiver of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left collimating laser of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the right side, so that the two-way receiving and transmitting of the collimating laser beams are performed.

Further, each of the symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensors includes:

a left collimated laser, said left collimated laser emitting a collimated laser beam to the left;

a right collimated laser, said right collimated laser emitting a collimated laser beam to the right;

a left photo receiver for receiving the collimated laser beam emitted from the left side;

and a right photo receiver for receiving the collimated laser beam emitted from the right side.

Further, the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor also comprises a multifunctional base, and a left collimating laser, a right collimating laser, a left photoelectric receiver and a right photoelectric receiver of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are all arranged on the multifunctional base.

Further, each multifunctional base has the functions of adjusting the heights and the orientations of the left collimating laser, the right collimating laser, the left photoelectric receiver and the right photoelectric receiver on the multifunctional base;

and the output ends of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor, and the data acquisition processor calculates the displacement and the rotation angle of the current measuring station relative to the adjacent measuring stations according to the measurement data of the left photoelectric receiver, the right photoelectric receiver, the height measuring sensor, the inclination sensor and the distance measuring sensor of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor.

Further, each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor comprises two multifunctional bases, wherein the two multifunctional bases are arranged on a bottom connecting seat, and the bottom connecting seat is arranged on a tripod;

the left collimating laser and the left photoelectric receiver of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base at the left side;

the right collimating laser and the right photoelectric receiver of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base positioned on the right side;

the data acquisition processor of each symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor is arranged on any one of the multifunctional bases or the bottom connecting base.

Further, the left collimating laser and/or the left photoelectric receiver of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor and the right collimating laser and/or the right photoelectric receiver are/is arranged on the multifunctional base through a pitching angle adjusting device;

and the left collimating laser, the right collimating laser, the left photoelectric receiver and the right photoelectric receiver of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are all provided with inclination sensors through pitching angle adjusting devices, and the left collimating laser, the right collimating laser, the left photoelectric receiver and the right photoelectric receiver are arranged on the multifunctional base.

Further, a first symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor is arranged at a measuring station N on the bridge deck at the upper part of the left bridge pier ₁ A place;

the N-th symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor is arranged at a measuring station N on the bridge deck at the upper part of the right bridge pier _n Where it is located.

Further, the system for measuring the deflection symmetry of the long-span bridge based on the laser displacement sensor further comprises:

left pier subsidence measurement sensor, left pier subsidence measurement sensor sets up the relative stable station N that surveys outside the left pier of bridge _L A place;

right pier subsidence measurement sensor, right pier subsidence measurement sensor set up the relative stability of the right side pier outside of bridge and survey website N _R A place;

the left pier settlement measuring sensor and the measuring station N ₁ The symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor is used for correspondingly transmitting and receiving laser;

the right pier settlement measurement sensor and the measuring station N _n The symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor is used for transmitting and receiving laser correspondingly.

The embodiment of the utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the embodiment of the utility model, the symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensors are arranged on the deflection measuring stations on the bridge, the symmetrical measuring method is adopted between the adjacent measuring stations to measure the relative displacement and the rotation angle between the adjacent measuring stations, the static and dynamic deflection of the large-span bridge measuring stations is further obtained through data fusion based on the relative displacement and the rotation angle between the adjacent measuring stations, the high-precision measurement of the whole static and dynamic deflection of the large-span bridge can be realized, the vibration frequency of the bridge can be obtained through data processing of the obtained whole static and dynamic deflection of the bridge, and the high-precision measurement of the local structural deformation and vibration of the large-span bridge is realized. The measuring device can measure the rotation angle of a measuring station of the bridge deflection and the rotation angle of the bridge beam end while measuring the bridge static and dynamic deflection, and solves the problems that the existing deflection measuring device is not suitable for a large-span bridge and cannot measure the bridge static and dynamic deflection at the same time with high precision. The large-span bridge deflection symmetrical measuring system based on the laser displacement sensor can be directly arranged on a bridge deck, and is convenient to use and operate.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a first sensor structure of a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a first sensor structure of a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a second sensor structure of a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a second sensor structure of a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor.

Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a third sensor structure of a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor.

Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a third sensor structure of a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor.

Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a fourth sensor structure of a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor.

Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a fourth sensor structure of a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor.

FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a first configuration of a laser displacement sensor based large span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system.

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of a second configuration of a laser displacement sensor based large span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system.

FIG. 11 is a deflection measurement schematic diagram of a large span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on a laser displacement sensor.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a partial measurement of a large span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on a laser displacement sensor.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of deflection and pier settlement measurement of a large-span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on a laser displacement sensor.

In the figure, 1. Symmetrical collimating laser, 1-1. Left collimating laser, 1-2. Right collimating laser, 2. Symmetrical photoelectric receiver, 2-1. Left photoelectric receiver, 2-2. Right photoelectric receiver, 3. Multifunctional base, 4. Pitch angle adjusting device, 5. Bottom connecting base, 6. Tripod, 7. Bridge deck, 7-i. Measuring station N _i Tangent line of bridge floor, 7- (i-1) station N _i-1 A bridge floor tangent, 9. Collimated laser beams, 20. First sensor structure, 21. Second sensor structure, 22. Third sensor structure, 23. Fourth sensor structure.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor, comprising:

a left collimated laser 1-1, said left collimated laser 1-1 emitting a collimated laser beam 9 to the left;

a right collimated laser 1-2, said right collimated laser 1-2 emitting a collimated laser beam 9 to the right;

a left photo receiver 2-1, said left photo receiver 2-1 receiving the collimated laser beam 9 emitted from the left side;

a right photo-receiver 2-2, said right photo-receiver 2-2 receiving the collimated laser beam 9 emitted from the right side.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-2, the symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor further includes a multifunctional base 3, the left collimated laser 1-1, the right collimated laser 1-2, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of each symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor are all mounted on the multifunctional base 3, the multifunctional base 3 is mounted on a tripod 6, and the tripod 6 is mounted on a bridge floor 7.

In some embodiments, the multifunctional base 3 has the functions of adjusting the heights and the orientations of the left collimating laser 1-1, the right collimating laser 1-2, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2, and the multifunctional base 3 is provided with a height measurement sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a ranging sensor and a data acquisition processor; the height measurement sensor is used for measuring the initial height of the multifunctional base 3 from the bridge deck 7, and the inclination sensor is used for measuring the inclination angle of the multifunctional base 3 and the horizontal plane so as to obtain the initial line shape of the bridge; the ranging sensor is used for measuring the horizontal distance between the current measuring point and the adjacent measuring point; the output ends of the left photoelectric receiver 2-1, the right photoelectric receiver 2-2, the height measuring sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measuring sensor of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are electrically connected with different input ends of a data acquisition processor of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor, and the data acquisition processor calculates the displacement and the rotation angle of the current measuring station relative to the adjacent measuring station according to the measurement data of the left photoelectric receiver 2-1, the right photoelectric receiver 2-2, the height measuring sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measuring sensor of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor.

In some embodiments, the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor comprises two multifunctional bases 3, wherein the two multifunctional bases 3 are installed on a bottom connecting seat 5, and the bottom connecting seat 5 is installed on a tripod 6;

the left collimating laser 1-1 and the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base 3 positioned at the left side, the right collimating laser 1-2 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base 3 positioned at the right side, and the heights and the orientations of the right collimating laser 1-2 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 and the heights and the orientations of the left collimating laser 1-1 and the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 can be adjusted separately;

the data acquisition processor of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor is arranged on any one of the multifunctional bases or the bottom connecting base 5.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 3-4, the left collimated laser 1-1 and the right collimated laser 1-2 form a symmetrical collimated laser 1;

the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 form a symmetrical photoelectric receiver 2.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-2, the symmetrical collimating laser 1 and the symmetrical photo-receiver 2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are horizontally arranged, and the symmetrical collimating laser 1 is disposed between the left photo-receiver 2-1 and the right photo-receiver 2-2, forming a first sensor structure 20.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3-4, the symmetrical collimating laser 1 and the symmetrical photo receiver 2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are horizontally arranged, and the symmetrical photo receiver 2 is disposed between the left collimating laser 1-1 and the right collimating laser 1-2, forming a second sensor structure 21.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5-6, the symmetrical collimating laser 1 and the symmetrical photo-receiver 2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are vertically arranged, and the left collimating laser 1-1 is disposed on top of the left photo-receiver 2-1, and the right collimating laser 1-2 is disposed on top of the right photo-receiver 2-2, so as to form a third sensor structure 22.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7-8, the symmetrical collimating laser 1 and the symmetrical photo receiver 2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are vertically arranged, and the left photo receiver 2-1 is disposed on top of the left collimating laser 1-1, and the right photo receiver 2-2 is disposed on top of the right collimating laser 1-2, so as to form a fourth sensor structure 23.

In some embodiments, the symmetrical collimating laser 1 and the symmetrical photoelectric receiver 2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are horizontally arranged, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 is arranged at the front side of the left collimating laser 1-1, and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 is arranged at the front side of the right collimating laser 1-2, so as to form a fifth laser displacement sensor structure.

In some embodiments, the symmetrical collimating laser 1 and the symmetrical photoelectric receiver 2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are horizontally arranged, the left collimating laser 1-1 is arranged at the front side of the left photoelectric receiver 2-1, and the right collimating laser 1-2 is arranged at the front side of the right photoelectric receiver 2-2, so as to form a sixth laser displacement sensor structure.

Based on the layout of the left collimating laser 1-1, the right collimating laser 1-2, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor, other various layouts of the left collimating laser 1-1, the right collimating laser 1-2, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor can be obtained through transformation, which are not described herein, but are included in the structural design range of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor of the embodiment.

In some embodiments, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor adopt area array receiving chips, so that two-dimensional displacement of the bridge structure, namely vertical deflection and transverse displacement measurement can be performed.

In some embodiments, the left collimating laser 1-1 and/or the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right collimating laser 1-2 and/or the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are mounted on the multifunctional base 3 through a pitching angle adjusting device 4, so that pitching angle adjustment of the left collimating laser 1-1 and/or the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right collimating laser 1-2 and/or the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor is realized. And at this time, the tilt angle sensors are respectively arranged on the left collimating laser 1-1, the right collimating laser 1-2, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 which are arranged on the multifunctional base 3 through the pitching angle adjusting device 4 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor, tilt angles of the left collimating laser 1-1, the right collimating laser 1-2, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 are respectively measured, and measurement errors caused by the tilting of the left collimating laser 1-1, the right collimating laser 1-2, the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 are corrected.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a large-span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on a laser displacement sensor, which comprises the following components:

n symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensors, wherein n symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensors are correspondingly arranged at n measuring sites on a bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the bridge, and n is more than 3;

in two adjacent symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensors:

the right collimating laser 1-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the right side, and the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left collimating laser 1-1 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the right side, so as to perform bidirectional receiving and transmitting of the collimated laser beam 9.

In some embodiments, in two adjacent symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensors:

when the first sensor structure 20 of embodiment 1 is adopted as the symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor located on the left side, the second sensor structure 21 of embodiment 1 is adopted as the symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor located on the right side, as shown in fig. 9;

when the third sensor structure 22 of embodiment 1 is adopted as the symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor located on the left side, the fourth sensor structure 23 of embodiment 1 is adopted as the symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor located on the right side, as shown in fig. 10;

when the symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor on the left side adopts the fifth sensor structure of embodiment 1, the symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor on the right side adopts the sixth sensor structure of embodiment 1.

In some embodiments, the first said symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor is mounted at the measuring station N on the deck 7 above the left bridge pier ₁ The N-th symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor is arranged at a measuring station N on a bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the right bridge pier _n At the position, two bridge piers, namely beam end rotation angle measurement can be performed.

In some embodiments, the system for measuring the deflection symmetry of the large-span bridge based on the laser displacement sensor further comprises:

left pier subsidence measurement sensor, left pier subsidence measurement sensor sets up the relative stable station N that surveys outside the left pier of bridge _L The measuring station N _L And measuring station N ₁ The horizontal distance between them is S _L ；

Right pier subsidence measurement sensor, right pier subsidence measurement sensor set up the relative stability of the right side pier outside of bridge and survey website N _R The measuring station N _R And measuring station N _n The horizontal distance between them is S _R 。

In some embodiments, the left pier settlement measurement sensor comprises a right collimating laser 1-2;

the right bridge pier settlement measurement sensor comprises a left collimating laser 1-1;

the measuring station N ₁ The left photoelectric receiver 2-1 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor corresponds to the right collimating laser 1-2 of the left pier subsidence sensor, and the collimating laser beam 9 emitted by the right collimating laser 1-2 of the left pier subsidence sensor is detected by the station N ₁ The left photoelectric receiver 2-1 of the symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor is used for receiving, so that the settlement of the left bridge pier is measured;

the measuring station N _n Right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor and right pier settlement sensorCorresponding to the left collimated laser 1-1, the collimated laser beam 9 emitted by the left collimated laser 1-1 of the right pier settlement sensor is measured at a station N _n And the right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor is used for receiving, so that the settlement of the right bridge pier is measured.

In some embodiments, the left pier settlement measurement sensor and the right pier settlement measurement sensor are both symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensors described in embodiment 1.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a large-span bridge deflection symmetry measurement method based on a laser displacement sensor, which comprises the following steps:

step S1, N measuring stations N of the bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the bridge _i The large-span bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on the laser displacement sensor of the embodiment 2 is arranged, wherein a measurement site N ₁ A measuring station N arranged on the bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the left bridge pier _n The bridge deck 7 is arranged at the upper part of the right bridge pier, the rest measuring stations are arranged on the bridge deck 7 of the corresponding bridge deflection measuring points, and i is less than or equal to n;

step S2, adjusting the measuring station N _i-1 Right collimated laser 1-2 station N _i Corresponding to the left photoelectric receiver 2-1 of the station N _i-1 Right photoelectric receiver 2-2 and measuring station N of (a) _i Corresponding to the left collimating laser 1-1, performing bidirectional receiving and transmitting of the collimated laser beam 9;

step S3, passing through each station N _i Measuring station N measured by left photoelectric receiver 2-1 of symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor _i-1 Displacement value Δh of (a) _(i，i-1) Each measuring station N _i-1 Station N for measuring right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor _i Displacement value Δh of (a) _(i-1，i) The bridge deflection is calculated, and the concrete process is as follows:

first, as shown in fig. 11 and 13, a bridge deflection measurement coordinate system is established, preferably at station N ₁ Establishing a bridge deflection measurement coordinate system N for an origin ₁ XY, X-axis through station N ₁ And measuring station N _n Bridge floor 7 bridge floor primaryThe initial position is horizontal, and the bridge deck 7 becomes a curved surface along with deformation;

then based on the established coordinate system N ₁ XY, each station N _i The left photoelectric receiver 2-1 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor is used for measuring and obtaining the measuring station N before and after bridge deformation _i-1 Coordinate value (x) of the laser spot emitted from right collimated laser 1-2 _i ,y _i ) Each measuring station N _i Data acquisition processor of symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor based on bridge deformation front and rear measuring station N _i-1 Coordinate value (x) of the laser spot emitted from right collimated laser 1-2 _i ,y _i ) Calculating to obtain a measuring station N _i-1 The (lateral or vertical) displacement value Δh _(i，i-1) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Each measuring station N _i-1 The right photoelectric receiver 2-2 of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor is used for measuring to obtain the measuring station N before and after bridge deformation _i Coordinate value (x) of laser spot emitted from left collimated laser 1-1 _i-1 ,y _i-1 ) Each measuring station N _i-1 Data acquisition processor of symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor based on bridge deformation front and rear measuring station N _i Coordinate value (x) of laser spot emitted from left collimated laser 1-1 _i-1 ,y _i-1 ) Calculating to obtain a measuring station N _i The (lateral or vertical) displacement value Δh _(i-1，i) ；

Then, calculate each station N _i Relative to station N _i-1 Is a displacement deltay of (a) _(i，i-1) And the rotation angle theta _i ：

When bridge pier station N ₁ Measuring station N in the absence of sedimentation ₁ Displacement value deltay of (a) ₁ When the bridge pier measuring station N is=0 ₁ When sedimentation exists, the left pier sedimentation measurement sensor and the measuring station N are utilized ₁ The symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor correspondingly transmits and receives laser, and the station N is obtained by measurement ₁ The sedimentation value of (a) is the displacement value delta Y ₁ ；

Bridge pier measuring station N _n Measuring station N in the absence of sedimentation _n Displacement value deltay of (a) _n =0, pier station N _n When sedimentation exists, the right pier is utilized for sedimentationMeasuring station N of measuring sensor _n The symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor correspondingly transmits and receives laser, and the station N is obtained by measurement _n The sedimentation value of (a) is the displacement value delta Y _n ；

As shown in FIG. 12, 7-i is station N _i A bridge deck tangent line, 7- (i-1) is a measuring station N _i-1 The tangent line to the bridge floor was obtained based on FIG. 12, and the following ΔY was obtained _(i，i-1) And theta _i Is calculated by delta Y ₁ 、ΔY _n 、ΔH _(i，i-1) And DeltaH _(i-1，i) Is carried into the following DeltaY _(i，i-1) And theta _i N-1 formulas obtained by parallel connection are calculated to obtain theta ₁ Then utilize the calculated θ ₁ Calculating to obtain all measuring stations N _i Is the rotation angle theta of (2) _i And relative to the measuring station N _i-1 Is a displacement deltay of (a) _(i，i-1) ：

ΔY _(i，i-1) ＝θ _i-1 S _i-1 -ΔH _(i，i-1) ，i>1；

θ _i S _i-1 ＝ΔY _(i，i-1) -ΔH _(i-1，i) ，i>1；

And then obtain:

θ _i ＝(ΔY _(i，i-1) -ΔH _(i-1，i) )/S _i-1 ，i>1；

wherein DeltaY _(i，i-1) For measuring station N _i Relative to station N _i-1 Displacement of θ _i-1 For measuring station N _i-1 Angle of rotation, theta _i For measuring station N _i Is a corner of (2); s is S _i-1 For measuring station N _i-1 And measuring station N _i A horizontal distance therebetween; θ _i-1 S _i-1 For measuring station N _i-1 With angle of rotation theta _i-1 Station N _i-1 The collimated laser beam 9 emitted is at the measuring station N _i Displacement values of (2); ΔH _(i，i-1) To the site N under test _i Measuring station N for measuring _i-1 The displacement value of the emitted collimated laser beam 9; station N _i In the absence of displacement, θ _i-1 S _i-1 ＝ΔH _(i，i-1) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Station N _i In the presence of displacement, θ _i-1 S _i-1 ＞ΔH _(i，i-1) ；θ _i S _i-1 For measuring station N _i With angle of rotation theta _i Station N _i The collimated laser beam 9 emitted is at the measuring station N _i-1 Displacement values of (2); ΔH _(i-1，i) To the site N under test _i-1 Measuring station N for measuring _i A displacement value of the collimated laser beam 9; station N _i-1 In the absence of displacement, θ _i S _i-1 ＝ΔH _(i-1，i) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Station N _i In the presence of displacement, θ _i-1 S _i-1 ＞ΔH _(i-1，i) ；

Then, the bridge upper measuring station N is calculated by the following formula _i Deflection value Y of (2) _i ：

Y ₁ ＝ΔY ₁ ；

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model are included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. The system for symmetrically measuring the deflection of the large-span bridge based on the laser displacement sensor is characterized by comprising the following components:

n symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensors, wherein n symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensors are correspondingly arranged at n measuring sites on a bridge deck (7) at the upper part of the bridge, and n is more than 3;

in two adjacent symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensors:

the right collimating laser (1-2) of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left photoelectric receiver (2-1) of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the right side, and the right photoelectric receiver (2-2) of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left collimating laser (1-1) of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor positioned at the right side to carry out bidirectional receiving and transmitting of the collimating laser beam (9).

2. The system for measuring the deflection symmetry of a bridge over a large span based on a laser displacement sensor according to claim 1, wherein each of said symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensors comprises:

-a left collimated laser (1-1), said left collimated laser (1-1) emitting a collimated laser beam (9) to the left;

-a right collimated laser (1-2), said right collimated laser (1-2) emitting a collimated laser beam (9) to the right;

a left photo receiver (2-1), said left photo receiver (2-1) receiving the collimated laser beam (9) emitted from the left side;

a right photo receiver (2-2), said right photo receiver (2-2) receiving the collimated laser beam (9) emitted from the right side.

3. The bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on the laser displacement sensor according to claim 2, wherein each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor further comprises a multifunctional base (3), and each symmetrical collimating laser (1-1), each right collimating laser (1-2), each left photoelectric receiver (2-1) and each right photoelectric receiver (2-2) of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are mounted on the multifunctional base (3).

4. A system for measuring the deflection symmetry of a large bridge based on a laser displacement sensor according to claim 3, wherein each multifunctional base (3) has the functions of adjusting the heights and the orientations of the left collimating laser (1-1), the right collimating laser (1-2), the left photoelectric receiver (2-1) and the right photoelectric receiver (2-2) on the multifunctional base;

and each multifunctional base (3) is provided with a height measurement sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a distance measurement sensor and a data acquisition processor, the left photoelectric receiver (2-1), the right photoelectric receiver (2-2), the height measurement sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the output end of the distance measurement sensor of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are all electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor, and the data acquisition processor calculates the displacement and the rotation angle of the current measuring station relative to the adjacent measuring station according to the measurement data of the left photoelectric receiver (2-1), the right photoelectric receiver (2-2), the height measurement sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measurement sensor of the symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor.

5. A system for symmetrical measurement of large span bridge deflection based on laser displacement sensor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each said symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor comprises two multifunctional bases (3), two multifunctional bases (3) are mounted on a bottom connection base (5), and the bottom connection base (5) is mounted on a tripod (6);

the left collimating laser (1-1) and the left photoelectric receiver (2-1) of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are arranged on a multifunctional base (3) positioned on the left side;

the right collimating laser (1-2) and the right photoelectric receiver (2-2) of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base (3) positioned on the right side;

the data acquisition processor of each symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor is arranged on any one of the multifunctional bases (3) or the bottom connecting base (5).

6. The bridge deflection symmetry measurement system based on the laser displacement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a left collimating laser (1-1) and/or a left photoelectric receiver (2-1) and a right collimating laser (1-2) and/or a right photoelectric receiver (2-2) of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are/is mounted on a multifunctional base (3) through a pitching angle adjusting device (4);

and the left collimating laser (1-1), the right collimating laser (1-2), the left photoelectric receiver (2-1) and the right photoelectric receiver (2-2) of each symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor are respectively provided with an inclination sensor through a pitching angle adjusting device (4), and the left collimating laser, the right collimating laser and the left photoelectric receiver (1-2) are arranged on the multifunctional base (3).

7. The system for measuring the deflection symmetry of a bridge with a large span based on a laser displacement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first said symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor is installed at a measuring station N on the bridge deck (7) above the left bridge pier ₁ A place;

the N-th symmetrical collimated laser displacement sensor is arranged at a measuring station N on a bridge deck (7) at the upper part of the right bridge pier _n Where it is located.

8. The system for measuring the deflection symmetry of the large-span bridge based on the laser displacement sensor according to claim 7, further comprising:

left pier subsidence measurement sensor, left pier subsidence measurement sensor sets up the relative stable station N that surveys outside the left pier of bridge _L A place;

right pier subsidence measurement sensor, right pier subsidence measurement sensor set up the relative stability of the right side pier outside of bridge and survey website N _R A place;

the left pier settlement measuring sensor and the measuring station N ₁ The symmetrical collimation laser displacement sensor is used for correspondingly transmitting and receiving laser;

the right pier settlement measurement sensor and the measuring station N _n The symmetrical collimating laser displacement sensor is used for transmitting and receiving laser correspondingly.