CN220288938U - Large-span bridge static and dynamic deflection measuring system based on photoelectric imaging sensor - Google Patents
Large-span bridge static and dynamic deflection measuring system based on photoelectric imaging sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a large-span bridge static and dynamic deflection measuring system based on a photoelectric imaging sensor, which comprises n symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors, wherein the n symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors are correspondingly arranged at n measuring stations on a bridge deck at the upper part of a bridge; in two adjacent symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors: the right optical imaging system of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the left side is correspondingly imaged with the left luminous light source of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the right side; the left optical imaging system of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the right side is used for imaging corresponding to the right luminous light source of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the left side. Each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor comprises a left light-emitting light source, a right light-emitting light source, a left optical imaging system and a right optical imaging system. The high-precision measurement of the static deflection and the beam end corner of the large-span bridge is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of bridge engineering detection and bridge health monitoring, and relates to a large-span bridge static and dynamic deflection measurement system based on a photoelectric imaging sensor.
Background
Under the action of various loads on the outer periphery of a travelling crane, wind power and the like, the whole structure and the local structure of the large-span bridge deform to generate vertical deflection and horizontal displacement. The static deflection of the bridge is a very important content in various test detection and health monitoring of the bridge with a large span.
The bridge with large span is mainly erected on rivers, lakes, oceans and canyons, and the bridge deflection measuring sensor and instrument equipment are difficult or even impossible to install on the water surface or the ground below the bridge. In order to facilitate the measurement of static and dynamic deflection of a large-span bridge, a bridge deflection measurement system consisting of a bridge deflection measurement sensor and an auxiliary data acquisition system thereof is required to meet the requirement of bridge deflection measurement on a bridge upper structure (such as a bridge deck).
At present, a sensor and instrument equipment thereof for measuring the static and dynamic deflection of a large-span bridge mainly comprise mechanical type, electronic type, optical type, photoelectric integrated type and the like, and when the static and dynamic deflection of the large-span bridge (particularly an extra-large-span bridge) is measured, the measurement precision is lower (the measurement precision is in centimeter level) although the long-term health monitoring of the large-span bridge can be met based on a GPS positioning system and a differential GPS positioning system; the laser deflection instrument and the photoelectric deflection instrument based on the collimation laser and the optical imaging system of a single measuring station cannot meet the deflection requirement of a large-span bridge in measurement precision, and are greatly disturbed by atmospheric turbulence; the displacement meter sensor and the instrument equipment thereof cannot adapt to the requirements of the environment where the large-span bridge is located, such as the situation that the bridge is a river, lake or deep groove canyon; the level gauge and the total station can not acquire the dynamic deflection of the bridge; accelerometer sensors cannot meet the requirement of low-frequency measurement of large-span bridge deflection; the measurement accuracy of the inclinometer is limited, and the inclinometer cannot realize high-accuracy measurement of static and dynamic deflection of the bridge with a large span; the laser scanner, the laser interferometer and the microwave interferometer are required to be arranged on the ground of the lower part of the bridge or on the lower structure of the bridge pier, so that the static and dynamic deflection measurement of the bridge crossing the river and the lake is not easy to carry out; the instrument and equipment based on the sensor composition of the liquid communication pipe can not carry out bridge dynamic deflection measurement, and also can not carry out bridge transverse displacement measurement.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a bridge deflection measuring device suitable for a large-span bridge and capable of measuring static and dynamic deflection of the bridge with high precision. The utility model patent with the publication number of CM115096529A discloses a bridge dynamic deflection distributed measuring device and a measuring method, wherein the distributed multiple strain sensors and auxiliary devices thereof are adopted in the patent, the bridge deformation is calculated through the obtained strain quantity, the bridge deflection is calculated, and the measuring precision is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the utility model aims to provide a large-span bridge static and dynamic deflection measuring system based on a photoelectric imaging sensor, so as to solve the problems that the existing deflection measuring device is not suitable for the large-span bridge and cannot measure the bridge static and dynamic deflection at the same time with high precision.
The technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: a bridge static deflection measurement system of striding based on photoelectric imaging sensor includes:
n symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors, wherein n symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors are correspondingly arranged at n measuring stations on the bridge deck at the upper part of the bridge, and n is more than 3;
in two adjacent symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors:
the right optical imaging system of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left light-emitting light source of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the right side, and the right optical imaging system of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the left side images the left light-emitting light source of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the right side;
the left optical imaging system of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the right side corresponds to the right light-emitting light source of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the left side, and the left optical imaging system of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the right side images the right light-emitting light source of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the left side.
Further, each of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors includes:
a left light source that emits a directed beam of light to the left;
a right light source that emits a directed beam of light to the right;
a left optical imaging system that images an object on the left side along its optical imaging system chief ray;
a right optical imaging system that images the object on the right side along its optical imaging system chief ray.
Further, each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor further comprises a multifunctional base, and the left light-emitting source, the right light-emitting source, the left optical imaging system and the right optical imaging system of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are all arranged on the corresponding multifunctional base;
each multifunctional base is provided with a function of adjusting the height and the azimuth of a left light-emitting light source, a right light-emitting light source, a left optical imaging system and a right optical imaging system, and is provided with a height measurement sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a distance measurement sensor and a data acquisition processor;
the output ends of the left optical imaging system, the right optical imaging system, the height measuring sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measuring sensor of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor, and the data acquisition processor calculates the displacement and the rotation angle of the current measuring station relative to the adjacent measuring station according to the measurement data of the left optical imaging system, the right optical imaging system, the height measuring sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measuring sensor of the corresponding symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
Further, each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor comprises two multifunctional bases;
the left luminous light source and the left optical imaging system of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base at the left side;
the right light-emitting source and the right optical imaging system of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base on the right side.
Further, two multifunctional bases of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are arranged on the bottom connecting seat;
the data acquisition processor of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is arranged on any multifunctional base or the bottom connecting base.
Further, the left light-emitting source and/or the left optical imaging system of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor and the right light-emitting source and/or the right optical imaging system are/is arranged on the multifunctional base through a pitching angle adjusting device;
and each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is provided with a left light-emitting source, a right light-emitting source, a left optical imaging system and a right optical imaging system which are arranged on the multifunctional base through a pitching angle adjusting device, and inclination sensors are arranged on the left optical imaging system and the right optical imaging system.
Further, the first one of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensorsStation M with device mounted on bridge deck at upper part of left bridge pier 1 The n-th symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is arranged at a measuring station M on a bridge deck (7) at the upper part of the right bridge pier n Where it is located.
Further, the system for measuring static and dynamic deflection of the bridge with large span based on the photoelectric imaging sensor further comprises:
left pier subsidence measurement sensor, left pier subsidence measurement sensor sets up the relative stable station M that surveys outside the left side pier of bridge L A place;
right pier subsidence measurement sensor, right pier subsidence measurement sensor set up the relative stable survey website M outside the right side pier of bridge R Where it is located.
The embodiment of the utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the embodiment of the utility model, the symmetrical imaging displacement sensors are arranged on the deflection measuring stations on the bridge deck, the symmetrical measuring method is adopted between the adjacent measuring stations to obtain the relative displacement between the adjacent measuring stations and the relative rotation angle of each measuring station, the static deflection and the rotation angle of each measuring station of the large-span bridge are obtained through data fusion based on the relative displacement between the adjacent measuring stations and the relative rotation angle of each measuring station, the high-precision measurement of the whole static deflection of the large-span bridge can be realized, the vibration frequency of the bridge can be obtained through data processing of the obtained whole static deflection of the bridge, and the high-precision measurement of the local structural deformation and vibration of the large-span bridge can be realized. The measuring device can measure the rotation angle of the bridge deflection measuring point and the rotation angle of the bridge beam end while measuring the bridge static and dynamic deflection, and solves the problems that the existing deflection measuring device is not suitable for a large-span bridge and cannot measure the bridge static and dynamic deflection at the same time with high precision. The large-span bridge static deflection measuring system based on the photoelectric imaging sensor can be directly arranged on a bridge deck, and is convenient to use and operate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a first sensor structure of a symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a first sensor structure of a symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a second sensor structure of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a second sensor structure of a symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a third sensor structure of a symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a third sensor structure of a symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a fourth sensor structure of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a fourth sensor structure of a symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a first configuration of a large span bridge deflection measurement system based on multiple sets of photo-electric imaging displacement sensors.
FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of a second configuration of a large span bridge deflection measurement system based on multiple sets of photo-electric imaging displacement sensors.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of bridge deflection symmetry measurement of a large span bridge deflection measurement system based on multiple sets of photoelectric imaging displacement sensors.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of bridge deflection and pier settlement measurement of a large-span bridge deflection measurement system based on multiple groups of photoelectric imaging displacement sensors.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the symmetrical measurement of the relative displacement between two adjacent measuring stations of a large span bridge static deflection measurement system based on a photo-electric imaging sensor.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of left-to-right measurement between two adjacent measuring stations of a bridge static deflection measuring system based on a photoelectric imaging sensor.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of measurement from right to left between two adjacent measuring stations of a bridge static deflection measuring system based on a photoelectric imaging sensor.
In the figure, 1 is a symmetrical light source, 1-1 is a left light source, 1-2 is a right light source, 2 is a symmetrical optical imaging system, 2-1 is a left optical imaging system, 2-2 is a right optical imaging system, 3 is a multifunctional base, 4 is a pitching angle adjusting device, 5 is a bottom connecting base, 6 is a tripod, 7 is a bridge deck, 7-1 is an initial line shape of the bridge deck, 7-2 is a line shape after bridge deck deformation, 9 is a principal ray of the optical imaging system, 11 is a first sensor structure, 12 is a second sensor structure, 21 is a third sensor structure, 22 is a fourth sensor structure.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor, including:
a left light source 1-1, the left light source 1-1 emitting a directional light beam to the left;
a right light source 1-2, the right light source 1-2 emitting a directional light beam to the right;
a left optical imaging system 2-1, said left optical imaging system 2-1 imaging an object on the left side along its optical imaging system chief ray 9;
a right optical imaging system 2-2, said right optical imaging system 2-2 imaging the object on the right side along its optical imaging system chief ray 9.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3-4, the left light-emitting source 1-1 and the right light-emitting source 1-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are symmetrically arranged to form a symmetrical light-emitting source 1;
the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are symmetrically arranged to form a symmetrical optical imaging system 2.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-2, the symmetric luminescent light source 1 and the symmetric optical imaging system 2 are arranged horizontally, and the symmetric luminescent light source 1 is disposed between the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetric optical imaging system 2, forming a first sensor structure 11.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3-4, the symmetric luminescent light source 1 and the symmetric optical imaging system 2 are arranged horizontally, and the symmetric optical imaging system 2 is disposed between the left luminescent light source 1-1 and the right luminescent light source 1-2 of the symmetric luminescent light source 1, forming a second sensor structure 12.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5-6, the symmetric light-emitting source 1 and the symmetric optical imaging system 2 are arranged vertically, and the left light-emitting source 1-1 is disposed on top of the left optical imaging system 2-1, and the right light-emitting source 1-2 is disposed on top of the right optical imaging system 2-2, forming a third sensor structure 21.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7-8, the symmetric light-emitting source 1 and the symmetric optical imaging system 2 are arranged vertically, and the left optical imaging system 2-1 is disposed on top of the left light-emitting source 1-1, and the right optical imaging system 2-2 is disposed on top of the right light-emitting source 1-2, forming a fourth sensor structure 22.
In some embodiments, the symmetrical light emitting source 1 and the symmetrical optical imaging system 2 are horizontally arranged, the left light emitting source 1-1 is arranged in front of the left optical imaging system 2-1, and the right light emitting source 1-2 is arranged in front of the right optical imaging system 2-2, so as to form a fifth optical imaging displacement sensor structure.
In some embodiments, the symmetrical light emitting source 1 and the symmetrical optical imaging system 2 are horizontally arranged, the left optical imaging system 2-1 is arranged in front of the left light emitting source 1-1, and the right optical imaging system 2-2 is arranged in front of the right light emitting source 1-2, so as to form a sixth optical imaging displacement sensor structure.
Based on the layout of the left optical imaging system 2-1, the right optical imaging system 2-2, the left light emitting light source 1-1 and the right light emitting light source 1-2 of the symmetrical imaging displacement sensor, the layout of the left optical imaging system 2-1, the right optical imaging system 2-2, the left light emitting light source 1-1 and the right light emitting light source 1-2 of various other symmetrical imaging displacement sensors can be obtained through transformation, which are not described herein, but are included in the structural design range of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor of the embodiment.
In some embodiments, the symmetrical optical imaging system 2 adopts a two-dimensional area array photoelectric receiver, and two-dimensional displacement of the bridge structure, namely vertical deflection and transverse displacement measurement can be performed.
In some embodiments, each of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors further comprises a multifunctional base 3, the multifunctional base 3 is mounted on a tripod 6, the tripod 6 is mounted on a bridge floor 7, and the left light-emitting source 1-1, the right light-emitting source 1-2, the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are all mounted on the multifunctional base 3.
In some embodiments, the multifunctional base 3 has the functions of adjusting the heights and the orientations of the left luminous light source 1-1, the right luminous light source 1-2, the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2, and the multifunctional base 3 is provided with a height measurement sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a distance measurement sensor and a data acquisition processor; the height measurement sensor is used for measuring the initial height of the multifunctional base 3 from the bridge deck 5, and the inclination sensor is used for measuring the inclination angle of the multifunctional base 3 and the horizontal plane so as to obtain the initial line shape of the bridge; the ranging sensor is used for measuring the horizontal distance between the current measuring point and the adjacent measuring point; the output ends of the left optical imaging system 2-1, the right optical imaging system 2-2, the height measuring sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measuring sensor of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor, and the data acquisition processor calculates the displacement and the rotation angle of the current measuring station relative to the adjacent measuring station according to the measurement data of the left optical imaging system 2-1, the right optical imaging system 2-2, the height measuring sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measuring sensor of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
In some embodiments, the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor comprises two multifunctional bases 3, and the data acquisition processor is arranged on any multifunctional base 3;
the left luminous light source 1-1 and the left optical imaging system 2-1 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base 3 positioned at the left side;
the right luminous light source 1-2 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base 3 positioned on the right side.
In some embodiments, the two multifunctional bases 3 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are mounted on a bottom connecting base 5, and the bottom connecting base 5 is mounted on a tripod 6;
the data acquisition processor of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is arranged on the bottom connecting seat 5.
In some embodiments, the left light emitting source 1-1 and/or the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right light emitting source 1-2 and/or the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are/is mounted on the multifunctional base 3 through the pitching angle adjusting device 4, so that pitching angle adjustment of the left light emitting source 1-1 and/or the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right light emitting source 1-2 and/or the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is realized. And at this time, the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is arranged on the left luminous light source 1-1, the right luminous light source 1-2, the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 on the multifunctional base 3 through the pitching angle adjusting device 4, and inclination angle sensors are respectively arranged on the left luminous light source 1-1, the right luminous light source 1-2, the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor, so that the inclination angles of the left luminous light source 1-1, the right luminous light source 1-2, the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are respectively measured, and measurement errors caused by inclination of the left luminous light source 1-1, the right luminous light source 1-2 and the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 are corrected.
In some embodiments, the left optical imaging system 2-1 and the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor adopt area array receiving chips, so that two-dimensional displacement of the bridge structure, namely vertical deflection and transverse displacement measurement can be performed.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a large-span bridge static deflection measuring system based on a photoelectric imaging sensor, as shown in fig. 9, comprising:
n symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors, wherein n symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors are correspondingly arranged at n measuring stations on a bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the bridge, and n is more than 3;
in two adjacent symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors:
the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left light-emitting light source 1-1 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the right side, and the right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the left side images the left light-emitting light source 1-1 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the right side;
the left optical imaging system 2-1 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the right corresponds to the right light emitting light source 1-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the left, and the left optical imaging system 2-1 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the right images the right light emitting light source 1-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the left.
In some embodiments, in two adjacent symmetric optical imaging displacement sensors:
when the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor on the left side adopts the first sensor structure 11 of embodiment 1, the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor on the right side adopts the second sensor structure 12 of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 9;
when the third sensor structure 21 of embodiment 1 is adopted as the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor located on the left side, the fourth sensor structure 22 of embodiment 1 is adopted as the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor located on the right side, as shown in fig. 10;
when the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor on the left side adopts the fifth sensor structure of embodiment 1, the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor on the right side adopts the sixth sensor structure of embodiment 1.
In some embodiments, the first symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is installed at the measuring station M on the bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the left bridge pier 1 The nth symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is arranged at a measuring station M on a bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the right bridge pier n At the position, two bridge piers, namely beam end rotation angle measurement can be performed.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 12, the system for measuring static and dynamic deflection of a bridge with a large span based on the photoelectric imaging sensor further comprises:
left pier subsidence measurement sensor, left pier subsidence measurement sensor sets up the relative stable station M that surveys outside the left side pier of bridge L The measuring station M L With measuring station M 1 The horizontal distance between them is L L ；
Right pier subsidence measurement sensor, right pier subsidence measurement sensor set up the relative stable survey website M outside the right side pier of bridge R The measuring station M R With measuring station M n The horizontal distance between them is L R 。
In some embodiments, the left pier settlement measurement sensor comprises a right luminous light source 1-2;
the right pier settlement measurement sensor comprises a left luminous light source 1-1;
the measuring station M 1 The left optical imaging system 2-1 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor at the position corresponds to the right light-emitting source 1-2 of the left pier settlement sensor, and the station M is measured 1 The left optical imaging system 2-1 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor images the right light-emitting light source 1-2 of the left pier settlement sensor, and the settlement amount of the left pier is measured;
the measuring station M n The right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor at the position corresponds to the left light-emitting light source 1-1 of the right pier settlement sensor, and the station M is measured n The right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is used for imaging the left luminous light source 1-1 of the right pier settlement sensor, and measuring the settlement of the right pier.
In some embodiments, the left pier settlement measurement sensor and the right pier settlement measurement sensor are both symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors described in embodiment 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for measuring static and dynamic deflection of a bridge with a large span based on a photoelectric imaging sensor, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, n measuring stations M on the bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the bridge i The photoelectric imaging sensor-based large-span bridge static and dynamic deflection measuring system disclosed in the embodiment 2 is arranged at the position (1.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.n), wherein a measuring station M 1 A measuring station M is arranged on the bridge deck 7 at the upper part of the left bridge pier n The bridge deck 7 is arranged at the upper part of the right bridge pier, and the rest measuring stations are arranged on the bridge deck 7 of the corresponding bridge deflection measuring points;
step S2, adjusting the measuring station M i-1 Right-emitting light source 1-2 and measuring station M i The left optical imaging system 2-1 of (2) is aligned and imaged as required to enable the measuring station M i-1 Right optical imaging system 2-2 and measuring station M i The left luminescent light source 1-1 of (1) is aligned and imaged according to the requirement;
step S3, passing through each measuring station M i Station M for measuring symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor i-1 Displacement value Δh of (a) (i，i-1) Each measuring station M i-1 Station M for measuring symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor i Displacement value Δh of (a) (i-1，i) The bridge deflection is calculated, and the concrete process is as follows:
first, as shown in FIG. 11, a bridge deflection measurement coordinate system is established, preferably at a survey site M 1 Establishing a bridge deflection measurement coordinate system M for an origin 1 XY, X-axis through the measuring station M 1 And measuring station M n The initial linear shape 7-1 of the bridge deck 7 is horizontal, and the bridge of the bridge deck 7 deforms with the external load as the bridge deck of the bridge deck 7 is largeThe linear shape 7-2 becomes a curved surface after the surface deformation;
based on the established coordinate system M 1 XY, each station M i The left optical imaging system 2-1 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is used for measuring and obtaining the measuring station M before and after bridge deformation i-1 Coordinate value (x) i ,y i ) Each measuring station M i Data acquisition processor of symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor based on bridge deformation front and rear measuring station M i-1 Coordinate value (x) i ,y i ) Calculating to obtain a measuring station M i-1 The (lateral or vertical) displacement value Δh (i，i-1) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Each measuring station M i-1 The right optical imaging system 2-2 of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is used for measuring and obtaining the measuring station M before and after bridge deformation i Coordinate value (x) i-1 ,y i-1 ) Each measuring station M i-1 Data acquisition processor of symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor based on bridge deformation front and rear measuring station M i Coordinate value (x) i-1 ,y i-1 ) Calculating to obtain a measuring station M i The (lateral or vertical) displacement value Δh (i-1，i) ；
Then, calculate each station M i Relative to the measuring station M i-1 Is of the vertical displacement deltay of (1) (i，i-1) And the rotation angle theta i ：
When the left bridge pier does not have settlement, the station M is measured 1 Displacement value deltay of (a) 1 =0; when the left pier has subsidence, as shown in FIG. 13, the left pier subsidence measuring sensor and measuring station M are utilized 1 The symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor at the position correspondingly performs imaging, and the measuring station M is obtained 1 The sedimentation value of (a) is the displacement value delta Y 1 ；
When the right pier does not have settlement, the station M is measured n Displacement value deltay of (a) n =0; when there is settlement in the right pier, as shown in FIG. 12, the settlement measurement sensor and the measuring station M are used n The symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor at the position correspondingly performs imaging, and the measuring station M is obtained n The sedimentation value of (a) is the displacement value delta Y n ；
The following Δy is obtained based on fig. 13 to 15 (i，i-1) And theta i Is calculated by delta Y 1 、ΔY n 、ΔH (i I-1) and ΔH (i-1，i) Is carried into the following DeltaY (i，i-1) And theta i N-1 formulas obtained in parallel, and calculating to obtain a measuring station M 1 Is the rotation angle theta of (2) 1 Then utilize the calculated θ 1 In combination with the following DeltaY (i，i-1) And theta i Calculating the calculation formula of (C) to obtain all the measuring stations M i Is the rotation angle theta of (2) i Which is relative to the measuring station M i-1 Is a displacement deltay of (a) (i，i-1) ：
ΔY (i，i-1) ＝θ i-1 L i-1 -ΔH (i，i-1) ，i>1；
θ i L i-1 ＝ΔY (i，i-1) -ΔH (i-1，i) ，i>1；
And then obtain:
θ i ＝(ΔY (i，i-1) -ΔH (i-1，i) )/L i-1 ，i>1；
wherein θ i-1 For measuring station M i-1 Is L i-1 For measuring station M i-1 With measuring station M i A horizontal distance therebetween; θ i- 1 L i-1 For measuring station M i-1 With angle of rotation theta i-1 At the measuring station M i Measuring station M for measuring i Comparison station M i-1 A displacement value of an optical axis of the left optical imaging system 2-1 imaged by the right light emitting light source 1-2; θ i L i-1 For measuring station M i With angle of rotation theta i At the measuring station M i-1 Measured comparison station M i A displacement value of an optical axis of a right optical imaging system 2-2 imaged by the left light emitting light source 1-1;
finally, calculating the bridge upper measuring station M through the following formula i Corresponding deflection value Y of (2) i ：
Y 1 ＝ΔY 1 ；
In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 13-15, M i "for measuring station M i-1 With angle of rotation theta i-1 After that, at station M i Obtained measuring station M i-1 Optical axis of (c) and measuring station M i And (theta) the intersection point of i-1 L i-1 ＝M i M i ″；M i ' post-measuring station M for generating deflection i Is a position of DeltaH (i，i-1) To at the measuring station M i Obtained measuring station M i-1 Optical axis of (c) and measuring station M i Is the intersection point M of (2) i "Displacement measurement, ΔH (i，i-1) ＝M i ′M i ″；M i-1 ' is station M i With angle of rotation theta i After that, at M i-1 Station M obtained by station i Optical axis of (c) and measuring station M i-1 And (theta) the intersection point of i L i-1 ＝M i-1 ′M i-1 ″；ΔH (i-1，i) ＝M i-1 M i-1 ′。
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model are included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. Large-span bridge static deflection measuring system based on photoelectric imaging sensor, which is characterized by comprising:
n symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors, wherein n symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors are correspondingly arranged at n measuring stations on a bridge deck (7) at the upper part of the bridge, and n is more than 3;
in two adjacent symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors:
the right optical imaging system (2-2) of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the left side corresponds to the left light-emitting light source (1-1) of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the right side, and the right optical imaging system (2-2) of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the left side images the left light-emitting light source (1-1) of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned at the right side;
the left optical imaging system (2-1) of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the right corresponds to the right light-emitting light source (1-2) of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the left, and the left optical imaging system (2-1) of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the right images the right light-emitting light source (1-2) of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor positioned on the left.
2. The photoelectric imaging sensor-based large-span bridge static deflection measurement system according to claim 1, wherein each of the symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors comprises:
a left light source (1-1), said left light source (1-1) emitting a directed light beam to the left;
a right light source (1-2), said right light source (1-2) emitting a directed light beam to the right;
a left optical imaging system (2-1), said left optical imaging system (2-1) imaging an object on the left side along its optical imaging system chief ray (9);
a right optical imaging system (2-2), said right optical imaging system (2-2) imaging the object on the right side along its optical imaging system chief ray (9).
3. The bridge girder static deflection measuring system based on the photoelectric imaging sensor according to claim 2, wherein each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor further comprises a multifunctional base (3), and a left light-emitting light source (1-1), a right light-emitting light source (1-2), a left optical imaging system (2-1) and a right optical imaging system (2-2) of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are all arranged on the corresponding multifunctional base (3);
each multifunctional base (3) has the functions of adjusting the heights and the orientations of the left luminous light source (1-1), the right luminous light source (1-2), the left optical imaging system (2-1) and the right optical imaging system (2-2), and the multifunctional base (3) is provided with a height measurement sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a distance measurement sensor and a data acquisition processor;
the output ends of the left optical imaging system (2-1), the right optical imaging system (2-2), the height measuring sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measuring sensor of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor of the sensor, and the data acquisition processor calculates the displacement and the rotation angle of the current measuring station relative to the adjacent measuring station according to the measurement data of the left optical imaging system (2-1), the right optical imaging system (2-2), the height measuring sensor, the inclination angle sensor and the distance measuring sensor of the corresponding symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor.
4. A bridge static deflection measurement system based on a photo-electric imaging sensor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each of said symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors comprises two multifunctional bases (3);
the left luminous light source (1-1) and the left optical imaging system (2-1) of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base (3) positioned at the left side;
the right light-emitting source (1-2) and the right optical imaging system (2-2) of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are arranged on the multifunctional base (3) positioned on the right side.
5. The bridge girder static deflection measuring system based on the photoelectric imaging sensor according to claim 4, wherein two multifunctional bases (3) of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are installed on a bottom connecting base (5);
the data acquisition processor of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is arranged on any multifunctional base (3) or a bottom connecting seat (5).
6. The bridge girder static deflection measuring system based on the photoelectric imaging sensor according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the left luminous source (1-1) and/or the left optical imaging system (2-1) and the right luminous source (1-2) and/or the right optical imaging system (2-2) of each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor are/is arranged on the multifunctional base (3) through a pitching angle adjusting device (4);
each symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is provided with a left light-emitting source (1-1), a right light-emitting source (1-2), a left optical imaging system (2-1) and a right optical imaging system (2-2) which are arranged on the multifunctional base (3) through a pitching angle adjusting device (4), and inclination sensors are arranged on the left light-emitting source and the right light-emitting source.
7. A system for measuring static and dynamic deflection of a bridge over a large span based on a photoelectric imaging sensor according to any one of claims 1-3 or 5, characterized in that the first of said symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensors is mounted at a measuring station M on the deck (7) above the left bridge pier 1 The n-th symmetrical optical imaging displacement sensor is arranged at a measuring station M on a bridge deck (7) at the upper part of the right bridge pier n Where it is located.
8. The photoelectric imaging sensor-based large-span bridge static deflection measurement system of claim 7, further comprising:
left pier subsidence measurement sensor, left pier subsidence measurement sensor sets up the relative stable station M that surveys outside the left side pier of bridge L A place;
right pier subsidence measurement sensor, right pier subsidence measurement sensor set up the relative stable survey website M outside the right side pier of bridge R Where it is located.
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