CN220253282U - Cooling system of fuel cell - Google Patents
Cooling system of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN220253282U CN220253282U CN202320823641.1U CN202320823641U CN220253282U CN 220253282 U CN220253282 U CN 220253282U CN 202320823641 U CN202320823641 U CN 202320823641U CN 220253282 U CN220253282 U CN 220253282U
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- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- fuel cell
- intercooler
- input
- cooling branch
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a cooling system of a fuel cell, which comprises: a fuel cell and a cooling circuit flowing from an anode inlet of the fuel cell to a cathode inlet of the fuel cell; the system also comprises a purging system, wherein the purging system comprises an air compressor and an intercooler; the intercooler and the membrane humidifier of the fuel cell are sequentially arranged in the purging direction of the air compressor, and the intercooler is communicated with the cooling loop. The beneficial effects are that: to the lower problem of cooling system cooling rate among the prior art, the utility model discloses a set up and sweep the system and sweep the membrane humidifier, cool down the inside fuel cell through the branch road that membrane humidifier is located to further improved the efficiency of cooling down fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a cooling system of a fuel cell.
Background
A fuel cell, generally called a hydrogen fuel cell (proton exchange membrane fuel cell), is a power generation device that converts chemical energy into electric energy by performing an oxidation-reduction reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. Unlike a general battery, a fuel cell can continuously supply stable electric energy by only supplying stable hydrogen and oxygen.
In order to realize the normal operation of the proton exchange membrane, the fuel cell system in the prior art generally needs to control the temperature on the proton exchange membrane within a certain range. For example, chinese patent CN202010615683.7 discloses a cooling system for a proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell, in which a thermostat is provided to distribute the flow rates of cooling water input to a branch where a radiator is located and cooling water input to a branch where an electric heater is located, and the cooling liquid is mixed through a tee, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled within the range of an upper limit threshold and a lower limit threshold of temperature.
However, in practical implementation, the inventor finds that the above solution mixes the cooling liquid by setting corresponding circulation branches, so that the temperature is controlled within a certain range, and the maximum cooling rate depends on the flow rate of the cooling liquid. When the temperature needs to be reduced to a large extent, such as shutdown temperature reduction, the problem of lower temperature reduction rate caused by the restriction of a cooling loop is solved easily.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing problems in the prior art, a cooling system for a fuel cell is provided.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a cooling system for a fuel cell comprising a fuel cell and a cooling circuit flowing from an anode inlet of the fuel cell to a cathode inlet of the fuel cell;
the system also comprises a purging system, wherein the purging system comprises an air compressor, an intercooler and a membrane humidifier
The intercooler and the membrane humidifier are sequentially arranged in the purging direction of the air compressor, the intercooler is communicated with the cooling loop, and the membrane humidifier is communicated with the fuel cell.
In another aspect, the cooling circuit includes a first cooling branch and a second cooling branch; the temperature controller is arranged at the intersection point of the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch, the input end of the temperature controller is connected with the anode inlet, the temperature controller comprises two output ends which are respectively communicated with the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch, and fluid flowing out from the anode inlet is distributed between the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch.
In another aspect, the first cooling branch includes a main radiator and a water pump;
the input end of the main radiator is communicated with the anode inlet, the first output end of the thermostat is connected with the input end of the main radiator, the output end of the main radiator is connected with the input end of the water pump, and the output end of the water pump is connected with the cathode inlet.
In another aspect, the second cooling branch comprises:
the input end of the electric heater is connected with the second output end of the thermostat, the output end of the electric heater is communicated with the input end of the intercooler, and the output end of the intercooler is connected with the cathode inlet.
On the other hand, the second cooling branch circuit further comprises a deionizer, wherein the input end of the deionizer is connected with the output end of the electric heater, and the output end of the deionizer is connected with the input end of the intercooler.
On the other hand, the input end of the membrane humidifier is connected with the cathode outlet of the fuel cell, and the output end of the membrane humidifier is connected with the cathode inlet;
a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor are arranged between the output end of the membrane humidifier and the cathode inlet.
On the other hand, a second temperature sensor is arranged between the thermostat and the anode inlet, and a third temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged between the output end of the water pump and the cathode inlet.
On the other hand, the first cooling branch circuit further comprises a water supplementing tank, and the output end of the water supplementing tank is connected with the input end of the water pump.
On the other hand, the purging system further comprises a filter, and the filter is arranged at the input end of the air compressor.
On the other hand, the purging system further comprises an air flowmeter, and the air flowmeter is arranged at the input end of the air compressor.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
to the lower problem of cooling system cooling rate among the prior art, the utility model discloses a set up and sweep the system and sweep the membrane humidifier, cool down the inside fuel cell through the branch road that membrane humidifier is located to further improved the efficiency of cooling down fuel cell.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present utility model will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings, however, are for illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the utility model.
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic of an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a shutdown cooling method in a shutdown scenario according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
a cooling system of a fuel cell, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a fuel cell 1 and a cooling circuit 2, wherein the cooling circuit 2 flows from an anode inlet Ain of the fuel cell 1 to a cathode inlet Cin of the fuel cell 1;
the system also comprises a purging system 3, wherein the purging system 3 comprises an air compressor 31, an intercooler 32 and a membrane humidifier 35;
an intercooler 32 and a membrane humidifier 35 are sequentially arranged in the purging direction of the air compressor 32, wherein the intercooler 32 is communicated with the cooling circuit 2, and the membrane humidifier 35 is communicated with the fuel cell 1.
Specifically, to the problem of lower cooling efficiency of the fuel cell system in the prior art, in this embodiment, by setting the purging system 3 on the basis of the original cooling circuit 2, a cold source is obtained from the cooling circuit 2 through the intercooler 32, and the air compressor 32 forms an air flow to purge the intercooler 32 and the membrane humidifier 35, so that the temperature of the surface of the membrane humidifier 35 is reduced, and the cooling circuit 2 and the membrane humidifier 35 cool the interior of the fuel cell 1 together, thereby improving the maximum heat dissipation capability.
In one embodiment, the cooling circuit 2 comprises two cooling branches, namely a first cooling branch and a second cooling branch, having an intersection point at which a thermostat 23 is arranged, the input of the thermostat 23 being connected to the anode inlet Ain, the thermostat 23 comprising two outputs communicating respectively with the first cooling branch and with the second cooling branch, the fluid flowing out from the anode inlet Ain being distributed between the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch.
The first cooling branch comprises a main radiator 21 and a water pump 22; the first output end of the thermostat 23 is connected with the input end of the main radiator 21, the input end of the main radiator 21 is communicated with the anode inlet Ain through the thermostat 23, the output end of the main radiator 21 is connected with the input end of the water pump 22, and the output end of the water pump 22 is connected with the cathode inlet Cin.
Specifically, in order to achieve better heat dissipation efficiency, in this embodiment, the cooling process is achieved by providing the main radiator 21 and the water pump 22 in the first cooling branch. In one embodiment, the main radiator 21 is an air-cooled radiator, which includes at least one water path and a plurality of cooling fins disposed around the water path, wherein the water path is used for passing a cooling medium, and the cooling fan radiates heat in the cooling medium to the surrounding environment by blowing the cooling fins; in other embodiments, the main radiator 21 is replaced with another kind of radiator, such as a heat exchanger. The water pump 22 is used to drive the coolant in the first cooling branch to flow in a specific direction and flow rate from the anode inlet Ain of the fuel cell 1 through the main radiator 21 to the cathode inlet Cin.
In one embodiment, the first cooling branch further comprises a water replenishment tank 26, an output of the water replenishment tank 26 being connected to an input of the water pump 22.
Specifically, in order to solve the problem of natural loss of the cooling liquid in the cooling system of the fuel cell, in this embodiment, a water supplementing tank 26 is further disposed in the first cooling branch, and the water supplementing tank 26 is communicated with the water pump 22, so that additional cooling liquid can be provided to the water pump 22, and compensation of natural loss is achieved.
In order to achieve a better control effect on the internal temperature of the fuel cell, in this embodiment, a second cooling branch is further provided on the basis of the first cooling branch, where the second cooling branch includes: the electric heater 24, the second output of thermostat 23 is connected to the input of electric heater 24, and the output of electric heater 24 communicates with the input of intercooler 32, and the cathode inlet Cin is connected to the output of intercooler 32.
The second cooling branch starts from a thermostat 23 for diverting the cooling liquid in the first cooling branch and is heated by an electric heater 24, so that the cooling liquid temperature is prevented from being too low. The thermostat 23 is an electronic thermostat, which can control the opening degree by a given signal, so as to split the flow of the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch in a specific ratio, and the specific control method can be implemented by adopting the prior art, such as the prior art described in the background art.
In one embodiment, the second cooling branch further comprises a deionizer 25, an input of the deionizer 25 being connected to an output of the electric heater 24, and an output of the deionizer 25 being connected to an input of the intercooler 32.
Specifically, in order to achieve a lower leakage rate, in this embodiment, a deionizer 25 is further disposed in the second cooling branch, and the coolant in the second cooling branch is ion-adsorbed to maintain a lower conductivity of the coolant, so as to achieve a lower leakage rate.
In one embodiment, the input of the membrane humidifier 35 is connected to the cathode outlet Cout of the fuel cell 1, and the output of the membrane humidifier 35 is connected to the cathode inlet Cin; a first temperature sensor T1 and a first pressure sensor P1 are respectively provided between the output end of the membrane humidifier 35 and the cathode inlet Cin.
Specifically, in order to achieve a better control effect on the internal environment of the fuel cell, in this embodiment, by setting the first temperature sensor T1 and the first pressure sensor P1 at the output end of the membrane humidifier 35, the collection of the temperature and the pressure of the path is achieved, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can control the cooling process by adopting a corresponding control method, and a better control effect is achieved. For example, when the temperature of the coolant in the path is too low, the rotation speed of the air compressor 31 may be appropriately reduced to reduce the cooling rate.
In one embodiment, a second temperature sensor T2 is provided between the thermostat 23 and the anode inlet Ain, and a third temperature sensor T3 and a second pressure sensor P2 are provided between the output of the water pump 22 and the cathode inlet Cin, respectively.
Specifically, in order to achieve a better control effect on the cooling process of the fuel cell, in this embodiment, a second temperature sensor T2 is further disposed between the thermostat 23 and the anode inlet Ain, so that the outlet temperature of the fuel cell 1, that is, the current temperature inside the fuel cell 1, can be collected, and the temperature can be used to control the opening of the thermostat 23. Meanwhile, a third temperature sensor T3 and a second pressure sensor P2 are respectively arranged between the output end of the water pump 22 and the cathode inlet Cin, the temperature of the input fuel cell 1 and the outlet pressure of the water pump 22 are collected, and the temperature and the pressure of the part can be used for controlling the opening degree of the thermostat 23 and the rotating speed of the water pump 23, so that a better control effect on the cooling process is realized.
In one embodiment, the purge system 3 further comprises a filter 33, the filter 33 being provided at the input of the air compressor 31.
Specifically, in order to avoid the increase of maintenance costs caused by contamination of the intercooler 32 and the membrane humidifier 35 with impurities in the ambient air, in this embodiment, a filter 33 is further provided in front of the air compressor 31 for filtering the input air, so that the air blown by the air compressor 31 is relatively clean, and the maintenance costs for the subsequent equipment are reduced.
In one embodiment, the purge system 3 further includes an air flow meter 34, the air flow meter 34 being disposed at an input of the air compressor 31.
Specifically, in order to achieve a better control effect on the purge system 3, in this embodiment, an air flow meter is further disposed in the purge system 3, for obtaining the air flow rate input into the air compressor 31, and the air flow rate may be used to control the rotation speed of the air compressor 31.
In one embodiment, the output of intercooler 32 is also provided with a fourth temperature sensor T4
In the use process, taking a shutdown scenario in which a fuel cell needs to be rapidly cooled as an example, as shown in fig. 2, the system sequentially executes the following steps in the shutdown cooling scenario:
step S1: shutting down the fuel cell system and stopping the hydrogen supply;
step S2: discharging to 60V after the single voltage of the fuel cell is reduced to 0.8V;
step S3: starting an air compressor to purge the membrane humidifier;
step S4: starting a main radiator to cool the fuel cell, and distributing the flow ratio of the cooling liquid in the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch by the thermostat according to the pre-configured temperature calibration parameters and the acquired temperature information;
step S5: after the temperature is reduced to a certain degree, distributing the cooling liquid to the second cooling branch, and closing the main radiator;
step S6: when the purging duration of the air compressor reaches the calibration time or the alternating current impedance in the fuel cell meets the cold start requirement, the air compressor is closed;
step S7: and powering down the system to shut down.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the embodiments and scope of the present utility model, and it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that equivalent substitutions and obvious variations may be made using the description and illustrations of the present utility model, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A cooling system for a fuel cell, comprising a fuel cell and a cooling circuit flowing from an anode inlet of the fuel cell to a cathode inlet of the fuel cell;
the system also comprises a purging system, wherein the purging system comprises an air compressor, an intercooler and a membrane humidifier
The intercooler and the membrane humidifier are sequentially arranged in the purging direction of the air compressor, the intercooler is communicated with the cooling loop, and the membrane humidifier is communicated with the fuel cell.
2. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the cooling circuit comprises a first cooling branch and a second cooling branch; the temperature controller is arranged at the intersection point of the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch, the input end of the temperature controller is connected with the anode inlet, the temperature controller comprises two output ends which are respectively communicated with the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch, and fluid flowing out from the anode inlet is distributed between the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch.
3. The cooling system of claim 2, wherein the first cooling branch comprises a main radiator and a water pump;
the input end of the main radiator is communicated with the anode inlet, the first output end of the thermostat is connected with the input end of the main radiator, the output end of the main radiator is connected with the input end of the water pump, and the output end of the water pump is connected with the cathode inlet.
4. The cooling system of claim 2, wherein the second cooling branch comprises:
the input end of the electric heater is connected with the second output end of the thermostat, the output end of the electric heater is communicated with the input end of the intercooler, and the output end of the intercooler is connected with the cathode inlet.
5. The cooling system of claim 4, wherein the second cooling branch further comprises a deionizer, an input of the deionizer is connected to an output of the electric heater, and an output of the deionizer is connected to an input of the intercooler.
6. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein an input of the membrane humidifier is connected to a cathode outlet of the fuel cell and an output of the membrane humidifier is connected to the cathode inlet;
a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor are arranged between the output end of the membrane humidifier and the cathode inlet.
7. A cooling system according to claim 3, wherein a second temperature sensor is provided between the thermostat and the anode inlet, and a third temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor are provided between the output of the water pump and the cathode inlet.
8. The cooling system of claim 3, wherein the first cooling branch further comprises a water replenishment tank, an output of the water replenishment tank being connected to an input of the water pump.
9. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the purge system further comprises a filter disposed at an input of the air compressor.
10. The cooling system of claim 1 or 9, wherein the purge system further comprises an air flow meter disposed at an input of the air compressor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320823641.1U CN220253282U (en) | 2023-04-13 | 2023-04-13 | Cooling system of fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320823641.1U CN220253282U (en) | 2023-04-13 | 2023-04-13 | Cooling system of fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220253282U true CN220253282U (en) | 2023-12-26 |
Family
ID=89231886
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320823641.1U Active CN220253282U (en) | 2023-04-13 | 2023-04-13 | Cooling system of fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220253282U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-04-13 CN CN202320823641.1U patent/CN220253282U/en active Active
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