CN220186863U - Boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system - Google Patents
Boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system Download PDFInfo
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- CN220186863U CN220186863U CN202221725726.8U CN202221725726U CN220186863U CN 220186863 U CN220186863 U CN 220186863U CN 202221725726 U CN202221725726 U CN 202221725726U CN 220186863 U CN220186863 U CN 220186863U
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
A boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system includes: the boiler, bypass economizer, air heater, flue heat exchanger, desulfurizing tower, chimney, forced draught blower, steam turbine, condenser, condensate pump, first low pressure heater, deaerator, feed pump, and high pressure heater. The system can realize the efficient recovery and the efficient utilization of the flue gas waste heat.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system.
Background
In a conventional boiler system, fuel is combusted by a boiler to form flue gas which is discharged out of a hearth, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney after passing through an air preheater, a dust remover, an induced draft fan and a desulfurizing tower in sequence. The saturated flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower has a large amount of heat energy, and the saturated flue gas discharged into the atmosphere not only can cause a large amount of heat energy waste, but also can cause environmental pollution. The saturated flue gas temperature at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower is lower, the heat energy quality is lower, the recovery efficiency is lower, and the recovered heat energy utilization value and the utilization efficiency are lower because the heat energy quality is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system.
The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system includes: the system comprises a boiler, a bypass economizer, an air preheater, a flue heat exchanger, a desulfurizing tower, a chimney, a blower, a steam turbine, a condenser, a condensate pump, a first low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a water supply pump and a high-pressure heater; wherein,
the boiler is provided with a fuel inlet, a boiler air supply inlet, a boiler flue gas outlet, a boiler working medium water inlet and a boiler steam outlet;
the bypass economizer is provided with a bypass economizer flue gas inlet, a bypass economizer flue gas outlet, a bypass economizer working medium water inlet and a bypass economizer working medium water outlet;
the air preheater is provided with an air preheater flue gas inlet, an air preheater flue gas outlet, an air preheater air supply inlet and an air preheater air supply outlet;
the flue heat exchanger is provided with a flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet and a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet; optionally, the flue heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger;
The desulfurizing tower includes: a desulfurizing tower body and a slurry circulating pump; a slurry pond is arranged at the bottom of the desulfurizing tower body; the lower part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet, and the upper part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet; a desulfurizing tower spraying device is arranged between the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet, the desulfurizing tower spraying device is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry circulating pump, and the slurry circulating pump is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry pool; optionally, a desulfurizing tower demister is arranged between the desulfurizing tower spraying device and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet;
the blower is provided with a blower inlet and a blower outlet;
the steam turbine is provided with a steam turbine steam inlet, a steam turbine steam outlet, a steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet and a steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet;
the condenser is provided with a condenser steam inlet and a condenser working medium water outlet;
the condensate pump is provided with a condensate pump inlet and a condensate pump outlet;
the first low-pressure heater is provided with a first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet and a first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet;
The low-pressure heater is provided with a low-pressure heater working medium water inlet, a low-pressure heater working medium water outlet and a low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
the deaerator is provided with a deaerator working medium water inlet and a deaerator working medium water outlet;
the water feed pump is provided with a water feed pump inlet and a water feed pump outlet;
the high-pressure heater is provided with a high-pressure heater working medium water inlet, a high-pressure heater working medium water outlet and a high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
the boiler flue gas outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the air preheater flue gas inlet and the bypass economizer flue gas inlet at the same time;
the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; or the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas outlet of the bypass economizer are both directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
The air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air preheater; the air preheater air supply outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler air supply inlet;
the air feeder is arranged on an air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger or the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger; when the blower is arranged on the air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger, the air supply outlet of the blower is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; when the blower is arranged on the air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger, the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the blower, and the air supply outlet of the blower is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air preheater;
the boiler steam outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam inlet of the steam turbine; the steam outlet of the steam turbine is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam inlet of the condenser; the condenser working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condensate pump inlet; the condensate pump outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first low-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the low-pressure heater working medium water inlet; the low-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the deaerator working medium water inlet; the working medium water outlet of the deaerator is directly or indirectly communicated with the inlet of the water feeding pump; the water feed pump outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the high-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet; the low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet; the high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet; the bypass economizer working medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet or the water supply pump outlet; the bypass economizer working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet;
The low-pressure heater is one-stage or multi-stage low-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater is a one-stage or multi-stage high-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater is a one-stage or multi-stage low-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater is one-stage or multi-stage; the high-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage; the low-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage.
Optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the flue heat exchanger or the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger;
optionally, the bypass economizer working medium water outlet is also communicated with a heat user;
optionally, a first desulfurizing tower is connected in series on the flue directly or indirectly communicated with the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet or the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet;
optionally, the bypass economizer has two or more heat exchange modules and their series/parallel switching structures;
optionally, a bypass water feed pump or/and a bypass deaerator or/and a buffer water tank are arranged on a working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the bypass economizer;
optionally, the flue heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger or a tubular plate-type hybrid heat exchanger;
Optionally, the air preheater and the flue heat exchanger are in an integrated structure.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a spray tower is connected in series between the desulfurizing tower and the chimney; a second air supply heater is also arranged;
the spray tower is provided with a spray tower flue gas inlet, a spray tower flue gas outlet, a spray tower heat medium water inlet and a spray tower heat medium water outlet; a spray tower water receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower; a spray tower water distribution device for heating medium water is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet and the spray tower flue gas outlet; the spray tower water distribution device is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet, and the spray tower water receiving device is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet;
the second air supply heater is provided with a second air supply heater air supply inlet, a second air supply heater air supply outlet, a second air supply heater heating medium water inlet and a second air supply heater heating medium water outlet;
the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet, and the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet; or a second flue heat exchanger is arranged on the flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the desulfurizing tower, and the second flue heat exchanger is provided with a second flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a second flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet and a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet, the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water inlet, and the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet; the second flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
The air supply channel of the second air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the blower or the air supply outlet of the blower, and the air supply outlet of the second air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger;
optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device and the chimney;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump is arranged on a heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet or the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
optionally, a packing layer is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a spray tower and an absorption heat pump are further arranged;
the spray tower comprises a spray tower body; the spray tower body is provided with a spray tower smoke inlet, a spray tower smoke outlet, a spray tower heating medium water inlet and a spray tower heating medium water outlet; a spray tower water receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower body; a spray tower water distribution device for heating medium water is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet and the spray tower flue gas outlet; the spray tower water distribution device is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet, and the spray tower water receiving device is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet; optionally, the spray tower water distribution device is a water distribution tank or a water distribution pipe or a spray device;
The absorption heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator and a condenser, wherein the evaporator is provided with an evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet, an evaporator low-temperature heat source outlet, an evaporator refrigerant water inlet and an evaporator refrigerant water vapor outlet; the absorber is provided with an absorber cold water inlet, an absorber cold water outlet, an absorber refrigerant water vapor inlet, an absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet and an absorber diluted absorbent solution outlet; the generator is provided with a generator high-temperature heat source inlet, a generator high-temperature heat source outlet, a generator dilute absorbent solution inlet, a generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet and a generator refrigerant water vapor outlet; the condenser is provided with a condenser cooling water inlet, a condenser cooling water outlet, a condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet and a condenser refrigerant water outlet;
the evaporator refrigerant water inlet is in direct or indirect communication with the condenser refrigerant water outlet; the evaporator refrigerant vapor outlet is in direct or indirect communication with the absorber refrigerant vapor inlet; the absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet; the absorber lean absorbent solution outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator lean absorbent solution inlet; the generator refrigerant water vapor outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet; the absorber cold water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water inlet; the absorption heat pump forms a heat-increasing type absorption heat pump;
The spray tower is connected in series on a flue gas channel between the desulfurizing tower and the chimney; the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet; the low-temperature heat source outlet of the evaporator is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
the bypass economizer working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet, and the generator high-temperature heat source outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the bypass economizer working medium water inlet; or the bypass economizer comprises a first-stage bypass heat exchange module and a second-stage bypass heat exchange module which are connected in series back and forth, wherein the first-stage bypass heat exchange module is provided with a bypass economizer flue gas inlet, a first-stage bypass heat exchange module flue gas outlet, a first-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water inlet and a bypass economizer working medium water outlet; the second-stage bypass heat exchange module is provided with a second-stage bypass heat exchange module smoke inlet, a bypass economizer smoke outlet, a bypass economizer working medium water inlet and a second-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water outlet, the first-stage bypass heat exchange module smoke outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second-stage bypass heat exchange module smoke inlet, the second-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water outlet is simultaneously directly or indirectly communicated with the first-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water inlet and the generator high-temperature heat source inlet, and the generator high-temperature heat source outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the bypass economizer working medium water inlet; optionally, a bypass header or/and a first bypass deaerator or/and a first bypass water supply pump are connected in series on a branch working medium water channel between the working medium water outlet of the second-stage bypass heat exchange module and the working medium water inlet of the first-stage bypass heat exchange module;
Optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device and the chimney;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump is arranged on a heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet or the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
optionally, a high-temperature heat source water pump is arranged on the high-temperature heat source channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet or the generator high-temperature heat source outlet;
optionally, the high-temperature heat source outlet of the generator is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the bypass economizer through a cooler;
optionally, a cold water reheater is connected in series on a cold water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet or the absorber cold water outlet;
optionally, a cold water pump is connected in series on a cold water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet or the absorber cold water inlet;
optionally, a packing layer is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a first air supply heater is further arranged; the first air supply heater is provided with a first air supply heater air supply inlet, a first air supply heater air supply outlet, a first air supply heater cold water inlet and a first air supply heater cold water outlet; the air supply channel of the first air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air blower or the air supply outlet of the air blower; the air supply outlet of the first air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the first air supply heater cold water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet; the first air supply heater cold water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the absorber cold water inlet; optionally, a cold water pump is arranged on a cold water channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the cold water inlet of the absorber or the cold water outlet of the condenser.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a second air supply heater is further arranged; the second air supply heater is provided with a second air supply heater air supply inlet, a second air supply heater air supply outlet, a second air supply heater heating medium water inlet and a second air supply heater heating medium water outlet; the air supply channel of the second air supply heater is connected in series with the air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air blower or the air supply outlet of the air blower; the air supply outlet of the second air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; preferably, when the first air supply heater is provided, the second air supply heater air supply outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the first air supply heater air supply inlet;
the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water outlet, and the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water inlet; or a second flue heat exchanger is arranged on the flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the desulfurizing tower, and the second flue heat exchanger is provided with a second flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a second flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet and a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet, the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water inlet, and the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet; the second flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
The second air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
Preferably, a third air supply heater is further connected in series with an air duct which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet or the air supply outlet of the air supply device; a first flue heat exchanger is arranged between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the third air supply heater is provided with a third air supply heater air supply inlet, a third air supply heater air supply outlet, a third air supply heater working medium water inlet and a third air supply heater working medium water outlet; the air supply outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; preferably, when the second air supply heater is provided, the third air supply heater air supply inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater air supply outlet; preferably, when the first air supply heater is provided, the relative position between the third air supply heater and the first air supply heater is determined according to the respective hot side water medium temperature, and the heater with the high hot side medium temperature is arranged at a position closer to the air supply inlet of the air preheater; the third air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger; the first flue heat exchanger is provided with a first flue heat exchanger smoke inlet, a first flue heat exchanger smoke outlet, a first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet and a first flue heat exchanger working medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; preferably, when a second flue heat exchanger is arranged, the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
The first flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the first flue heat exchanger; optionally, a third working medium water circulating water pump is arranged on the working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater or the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, the spray tower is arranged above the desulfurization tower, the desulfurization tower and the spray tower are connected through a liquid collecting device to form a desulfurization spray integrated structure, and the slurry pool, the flue gas inlet of the desulfurization tower, the spray device of the desulfurization tower, the liquid collecting device, the water distributing device of the spray tower and the flue gas outlet of the spray tower are sequentially arranged inside the desulfurization spray integrated structure from bottom to top; the liquid collecting device is of a multifunctional integrated structure comprising a flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower, a flue gas inlet of the spraying tower and a water receiving device of the spraying tower, flue gas from the desulfurizing tower can enter the spraying tower through the liquid collecting device, heat medium water from the spraying tower falls into the liquid collecting device to be collected, and is guided out of the liquid collecting device through the heat medium water outlet of the spraying tower to be incapable of flowing into the desulfurizing tower; optionally, a filler layer is arranged between the liquid collecting device and the spray tower water distribution device.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, the liquid collecting device is a liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure with demisting function, and the liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure comprises a liquid collecting chassis, a gas lifting pipe and a gas lifting cap; the liquid collecting chassis is provided with a plurality of vent holes, the vent holes are correspondingly provided with the gas lifting pipes, the top ends of the gas lifting pipes are provided with gas lifting caps, and gas lifting channels for the circulation of flue gas are arranged on the gas lifting caps or between the gas lifting caps and the top ends of the gas lifting pipes or on the pipe walls of the upper sections of the gas lifting pipes; a guide vane or a cyclone is arranged in the gas lift pipe, or/and a demisting pipe is connected below the gas lift pipe or arranged in the gas lift pipe, and the guide vane or the cyclone is arranged in the demisting pipe; the gas lifting pipe and the demisting pipe are of a split structure or an integrated structure; the liquid collecting chassis is provided with a water retaining edge or is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the tower body of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure, the inner wall of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure is used as the water retaining edge, an upward opening space enclosed between the liquid collecting chassis and the water retaining edge is used as a spray tower water receiving device, and the spray tower water receiving device is directly or indirectly communicated with a spray tower heating medium water outlet; optionally, the lift cap adopts a tower-type shutter structure, the outer diameter of the lift cap and the outer diameter of the lift pipe are smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the vent hole on the liquid collecting chassis, and the lift pipe and the lift cap are installed in a mode of being detachable from the liquid collecting chassis.
The blowers described herein are various blowers that supply oxygen required for combustion to the supply air in a boiler, such as blowers and/or primary blowers in a power plant. The boiler refers to a device that burns fuel to emit heat and generates flue gas.
The steam turbine is generally used for driving a generator to generate electricity, and has the advantages of improving the working efficiency, improving the working capacity and reducing the energy consumption, namely reducing the electricity generation coal consumption and the power supply coal consumption.
The spray tower water distribution device is a water distribution tank, a water distribution pipe, a spray device or the like, and can distribute the heat medium water into the flue gas. The spray tower water receiving device can be a tower pool positioned at the lower part of the spray tower or other structural forms, so long as the heat medium water flowing out from the water distribution device can be collected.
The absorption heat pump is a circulating system which utilizes high-grade energy to drive and realize heat transfer from low temperature to high temperature. The heat energy is used for driving operation, lithium bromide solution or other solution with strong water absorbability such as ammonia water and the like can be used as an absorbent, water or aqueous solution is used as a refrigerant, heat is extracted from a low-grade heat source, medium-temperature and high-temperature hot water or steam meeting the requirements of processes or heating is prepared, waste heat recycling is realized, and heat energy is conveyed from low temperature to high temperature.
The absorption heat pump optionally further comprises heat exchanger suction devices, canned pumps (solution pump and refrigerant pump), etc. The air extractor extracts noncondensable gases such as air in the unit and keeps the unit in a high vacuum state all the time.
The specific structure of other conventional components related to the absorption heat pump belongs to the conventional technology, and is not described herein.
The surface type heat exchanger refers to a heat exchanger, wherein cold side medium and hot side medium are not in direct contact, but indirectly exchange heat through wall surfaces such as heat exchange tube walls or heat exchange plate walls, such as a tube type heat exchanger, a plate type heat exchanger, a heat tube type heat tube hybrid heat exchanger and the like, and the heat exchange process of the heat tube type heat exchanger is that the hot side medium transfers heat to an intermediate medium in a heat tube through a heat tube hot section tube wall, and the intermediate medium transfers heat to the cold side medium through the heat tube cold section tube wall.
Communication as described herein, including direct communication and indirect communication;
herein, optionally, means that it may be selected, e.g., with or without, being provided, in some way or not.
The sequential arrangement, sequential communication, etc. of the various devices or components described herein relate to sequential expressions, and do not exclude the case where other devices or components are disposed between two devices or components that are sequentially adjacent.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 1-1 is a schematic diagram of another connection mode structure of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIGS. 1-2 are schematic diagrams of another connection mode structure of a bypass economizer in the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIGS. 1-3 are schematic structural diagrams of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system of the utility model;
FIGS. 1-4 are schematic structural diagrams of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 2-1 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 3-1 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 5-1 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIGS. 8a and 8b are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a guide vane;
FIG. 8-1 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a liquid collection device;
FIG. 8-2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a liquid collection device;
8-3 are schematic structural views of another embodiment of a liquid collection device in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
8-4 are schematic structural views of one embodiment of an air lift cap of a liquid collection device;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a desulfurizing tower and a spray tower in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1, a boiler;
1-1 boiler fuel inlet;
1-2 a boiler air supply inlet;
1-3 boiler flue gas outlets;
1-4 boiler steam outlets;
1-5 boiler working medium water inlets;
15 by-pass economizer;
15-1 by-pass economizer flue gas inlet;
15-2 by-pass economizer flue gas outlet;
15-3 bypass economizer working medium water inlet;
15-4 bypass economizer working medium water outlet;
15a first stage bypass heat exchange module;
15a-2 a flue gas outlet of the first-stage bypass heat exchange module;
15a-3 working medium water inlet of the first-stage bypass heat exchange module;
15b second stage bypass heat exchange module;
15b-1 a flue gas inlet of a second-stage bypass heat exchange module;
15-8 bypass flue gas control baffle
30C a first bypass deaerator;
32C a first bypass feed pump;
2 an air preheater;
2-1 an air preheater flue gas inlet;
2-2 an air preheater flue gas outlet;
2-3 air supply inlet of air preheater;
2-4 air supply outlets of the air preheater;
22 flue heat exchanger;
a flue gas inlet of a 22-1 flue heat exchanger;
a flue gas outlet of the 22-2 flue heat exchanger;
22-3 air supply inlet of flue heat exchanger;
22-4 flue heat exchanger air supply outlet;
5a first flue heat exchanger;
5-1 a flue gas inlet of a first flue heat exchanger;
5-2 a flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
5-3 working medium water inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
5-4 working medium water outlets of the first flue heat exchanger;
55 a second flue heat exchanger;
55-1 a flue gas inlet of a second flue heat exchanger;
55-2 a flue gas outlet of a second flue heat exchanger;
55-3 a second flue heat exchanger heating medium water inlet;
55-4 a second flue heat exchanger heating medium water outlet;
6 a desulfurizing tower;
6-1 of a desulfurizing tower body;
6-2 slurry circulation pump;
6-3 slurry tanks;
6-4 flue gas outlets of the desulfurizing tower;
6-5 flue gas inlets of the desulfurizing tower;
6-6, a desulfurizing tower spraying device;
7, a chimney;
8, an air blower;
8-1 blower inlet;
8-2 and an air supply outlet of the blower;
12 a spray tower;
12-1 a flue gas inlet of a spray tower;
12-2 a flue gas outlet of the spray tower;
12-3 a spray tower heating medium water inlet;
12-4 a spray tower heating medium water outlet;
12-5 a spray tower water receiving device;
12-6 spraying tower water distribution device;
12-7 liquid collecting devices;
12-8 of a liquid collecting chassis;
12-9 liters of air pipes;
12-10 liters of air cap;
12-11 vent holes;
12-12 swirlers;
12-13 liter gas channels;
12-14 water blocking edges;
12-15 demisting pipes;
12-16 filler layers;
25 steam turbines;
25-1 steam inlet of steam turbine;
25-2 steam turbine steam outlets;
25-5 high-pressure steam extraction outlet of steam turbine;
25-4 and a low-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine;
27, a condenser;
27-1 condenser steam inlet;
27-2 and a condenser working medium water outlet;
26, a condensate pump;
26-1 condensate pump inlet;
26-2 condensate pump outlet;
29 low pressure heater;
29-1 working medium water inlet of low-pressure heater;
29-2 working medium water outlet of low-pressure heater;
29-3 a low pressure heater extraction inlet;
a 30 deaerator;
30-1 working medium water inlet of deaerator;
30-2 working medium water outlet of deaerator;
32 a water feed pump;
32-1 feed pump inlet;
32-2 a feed pump outlet;
31 high pressure heater;
31-1 working medium water inlet of high-pressure heater;
31-2 working medium water outlet of high-pressure heater;
31-3 a high pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
28 a first low pressure heater;
28-1 a first low pressure heater working fluid water inlet;
28-2 a first low pressure heater working fluid water outlet;
60 dust collectors;
61, induced draft fan;
90-absorption heat pump;
91-an evaporator;
91-1 low temperature heat source inlet of evaporator;
91-2 low temperature heat source outlet of evaporator;
91-3 evaporator refrigerant water inlet;
91-4 evaporator refrigerant vapor outlet;
92-absorber;
92-1 absorber cold water inlet;
a 92-2 absorber cold water outlet;
92-3 absorber refrigerant vapor inlet;
92-4 absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet;
92-5 absorber lean absorbent solution outlet;
93-generator;
93-1 generator high temperature heat source inlet;
93-2 generator high temperature heat source outlet;
93-3 generator lean absorbent solution inlet;
93-4 generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet;
93-5 generator refrigerant vapor outlet;
94-a condenser;
94-1 condenser cooling water inlet;
94-2 condenser cooling water outlet
94-3 condenser refrigerant vapor inlet;
94-4 condenser refrigerant water outlet;
80 a first supply air heater;
80-1 a first supply air heater supply air inlet;
80-2 a first supply air heater supply air outlet;
80-3 a first air supply heater heating medium water inlet;
80-4 a first air supply heater heating medium water outlet;
a second supply air heater 100;
100-1 a second supply air heater supply air inlet;
100-2 a second air supply heater air supply outlet;
100-3 a second supply air heater cold water inlet;
100-4 a cold water outlet of a second air supply heater;
9 a third air supply heater;
9-1 a third air supply heater air supply inlet;
9-2 a third air supply heater air supply outlet;
9-3 a working medium water inlet of a third air supply heater;
9-4 working medium water outlet of third air supply heater.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system includes: boiler 1, bypass economizer 15, air preheater 2, flue heat exchanger 22, desulfurizing tower 6, chimney 7, blower 8, steam turbine 25, condenser 27, condensate pump 26, low pressure heater 29, deaerator 30, feed pump 32, and high pressure heater 31; wherein,
the boiler 1 is provided with a fuel inlet 1-1, a boiler air supply inlet 1-2, a boiler flue gas outlet 1-3, a boiler steam outlet 1-4 and a boiler working medium water inlet 1-5;
the bypass coal-saving device 15 is provided with a bypass coal-saving device smoke inlet 15-1, a bypass coal-saving device smoke outlet 15-2, a bypass coal-saving device working medium water inlet 15-3 and a bypass coal-saving device working medium water outlet 15-4;
the air preheater 2 is provided with an air preheater flue gas inlet 2-1, an air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2, an air preheater air supply inlet 2-3 and an air preheater air supply outlet 2-4;
the flue heat exchanger 22 is provided with a flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1, a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 22-2, a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3 and a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet 22-4; optionally, the flue heat exchanger 22 is a plate heat exchanger;
The desulfurizing tower 6 includes: a desulfurizing tower body 6-1 and a slurry circulating pump 6-2; the bottom of the desulfurizing tower body 6-1 is provided with a slurry pool 6-3; the lower part of the desulfurizing tower body 6-1 is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet 6-5, and the upper part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4; a desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 is arranged between the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet 6-5 and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4, the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry circulating pump 6-2, and the slurry circulating pump 6-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry pool 6-3; optionally, a desulfurizing tower demister 6-7 is arranged between the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4;
the blower 8 is provided with a blower inlet 8-1 and a blower outlet 8-2;
the steam turbine 25 is provided with a steam turbine steam inlet 25-1, a steam turbine steam outlet 25-2, a steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet 25-5 and a steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet 25-4;
the condenser 27 is provided with a condenser steam inlet 27-1 and a condenser working medium water outlet 27-2;
the condensate water pump 26 is provided with a condensate water pump inlet 26-1 and a condensate water pump outlet 26-2;
the first low-pressure heater 28 is provided with a first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 28-1 and a first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 28-2;
The low-pressure heater 29 is provided with a low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 29-1, a low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 29-2 and a low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet 29-3;
the deaerator 30 is provided with a deaerator working medium water inlet 30-1 and a deaerator working medium water outlet 30-2;
the feed pump 32 is provided with a feed pump inlet 32-1 and a feed pump outlet 32-2;
the high-pressure heater 31 is provided with a high-pressure heater working medium water inlet 31-1, a high-pressure heater working medium water outlet 31-2 and a high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet 31-3;
the boiler flue gas outlet 1-3 is simultaneously communicated with the air preheater flue gas inlet 2-1 and the bypass economizer flue gas inlet 15-1 directly or indirectly; the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2 and the bypass economizer flue gas outlet 15-2 are both directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1; the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower; the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney 7;
the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air inlet 1-3 of the air preheater; the air preheater air supply outlet 1-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler air supply inlet 1-2;
The air feeder 8 is arranged on an air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger or the air supply outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger; the blower 8 is arranged on a blower channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the blower inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger, the blower outlet 8-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the blower inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger,
the boiler steam outlet 1-4 communicates directly or indirectly with the turbine steam inlet 25-1; the steam turbine steam outlet 26-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser steam inlet 27-1; the condenser working medium water outlet 27-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the condensate pump inlet 26-1; the condensate pump outlet 26-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 28-1; the first low-pressure heater working fluid water outlet 28-2 is in direct or indirect communication with the low-pressure heater working fluid water inlet 29-1; the low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 29-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the deaerator working medium water inlet 30-1; the deaerator working medium water outlet 30-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the water feed pump inlet 32-1; the water feed pump outlet 32-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet 31-1 of the high-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater working medium water outlet 31-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet 1-5; the low-pressure heater extraction inlet 29-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the turbine low-pressure extraction outlet 25-4; the high-pressure heater extraction inlet 31-3 is in direct or indirect communication with the turbine high-pressure extraction outlet 25-5. The bypass economizer working medium water inlet 15-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 28-2, and the bypass economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet 1-5.
The working process is as follows:
fuel is sent into a hearth of the boiler 1 through a boiler fuel inlet 1-1, an air blower 8 sends air into the hearth of the boiler 1 through an air preheater 2 and a boiler air supply inlet 1-2, the fuel burns to release heat, and flue gas generated by combustion flows out of the boiler 1 through a boiler flue gas outlet 1-3; then a part of flue gas is sent into the air preheater 2 through the flue gas inlet 2-1 of the air preheater, the air supply from the air supply outlet 8-2 of the air feeder is heated, and the flue gas and the air supply exchange heat and cool down and then flow out of the air preheater 2 through the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater; the other part of the flue gas enters a flue gas channel of the bypass economizer 15 through a flue gas inlet 15-1 of the bypass economizer, exchanges heat with working medium water in a working medium water channel of the bypass economizer 15, cools down, and flows out of the bypass economizer 15 through a flue gas outlet 15-2 of the bypass economizer; the flue gas from the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater and the flue gas from the flue gas outlet 15-2 of the bypass economizer directly or indirectly through other equipment (such as a dust remover or/and a draught fan) enter the flue gas channel of the flue heat exchanger 22 through the flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1 to heat the air supply flowing through the flue heat exchanger air supply channel; the flue gas flows out of the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger after being cooled, and then directly flows into the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower or indirectly flows into the desulfurizing tower 6 through other equipment (such as a dust remover or/and a draught fan);
The flue gas enters the desulfurizing tower 6 from the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet 6-5 and flows through the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6, the optional desulfurizing tower demister 6-7 and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4 from bottom to top, the desulfurizing slurry in the slurry tank 6-3 enters the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 under the driving of the slurry circulating pump 6-2, the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 sprays the desulfurizing slurry into the flue gas from top to bottom, the flue gas and the desulfurizing slurry exchange heat and transfer mass in a countercurrent manner, the flue gas is optionally defogged through the desulfurizing tower demister 6-7 in a saturated state or a nearly saturated state after being exchanged and desulfurized, flows out of the desulfurizing tower 6 through the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4 and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 7.
The air supply enters a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3 through an air supply outlet 8-2 under the drive of an air supply blower 8 and flows through a flue heat exchanger air supply channel, the air supply and the flue gas absorb the flue gas waste heat through heat exchange to rise in temperature, then flows out of the flue heat exchanger 22 through a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet 22-4, then enters an air preheater 2 through an air preheater air supply inlet 2-3, is further heated and raised in temperature by the flue gas from a boiler flue gas outlet 1-3, flows out of the air preheater 2 through an air preheater air supply outlet 2-4, and then enters a boiler hearth through a boiler air supply inlet 1-2;
The high-pressure high-temperature steam generated by the combustion of the boiler 1 is subjected to work in the steam turbine 25, the pressure and the temperature are reduced, the low-pressure high-temperature steam is discharged into the steam condenser 27 through the steam turbine steam outlet 25-2 and the steam condenser working medium water inlet 27-1, the cooled low-pressure high-temperature steam is condensed into working medium water (condensed water) which flows out of the steam condenser 27 through the steam condenser working medium water outlet 27-2, the working medium water enters the first low-pressure heater 28 through the first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 28-1 under the driving of the condensed water pump 26, the working medium water is heated and then flows out of the first low-pressure heater 28 and then is split, a part of working medium water is sent into the low-pressure heater 29 through the low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 29-1, the working medium water is heated and heated by using the extraction steam from the steam turbine low-pressure extraction outlet 25-4 in the low-pressure heater 29, the warmed working medium water flows out of the low-pressure heater 29 through the low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 29-2, the deoxygenated working medium water is sent into the deoxygenated working medium 30, the working medium water is sent into the deoxygenated heater 31 under the driving of the high-pressure heater 31, the working medium water flows out of the high-pressure heater 31 through the high-pressure heater 31 under the heating by the high-pressure heater working medium water inlet 31-2, and then flows out of the high-pressure heater working medium water after being heated by the high-pressure heater working medium water is heated through the high-pressure heater working medium 31; part of working medium water is directly or indirectly sent to a working medium water inlet 15-3 of a bypass economizer through other equipment (such as a heater, a water pump, a buffer water tank and the like) to enter the bypass economizer 15, and the working medium water and flue gas absorb the waste heat of the flue gas through heat exchange to raise the temperature and then flow out of the bypass economizer 15 through a working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer; all or part of working medium water from the high-pressure heater 31 and the bypass economizer 15 is fed into the boiler 1 through the boiler working medium water inlets 1-5; the fuel from the boiler fuel inlet 1-1 and the air from the boiler air inlet 1-2 generate combustion reaction to release heat, heat the working medium water from the boiler working medium water inlet 1-5 and generate high-pressure high-temperature steam, and the high-pressure high-temperature steam is sent to the steam turbine 26 through the boiler steam outlet 1-4 to continuously do work, and the cycle is performed.
The air supply with the temperature increased is sent to the hearth of the boiler 1 after being further heated by the air preheater 2, so that the combustion efficiency of the boiler 1 can be further improved, the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered and sent to the hearth of the boiler 1, the fuel consumption can be equivalently saved, and the high-efficiency utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas is realized. Because the air preheater 2 has higher heat exchange efficiency, and the flow rate and heat capacity of the flue gas flowing through the air preheater 2 are far greater than those of the air supplied through the air preheater 2, the temperature difference (end difference) between the flue gas temperature of the flue gas inlet 2-1 of the air preheater and the air supply temperature of the air supply outlet 2-4 of the air preheater is small. In general, the increase in the air supply temperature of the air inlet 2-3 of the air preheater results in less increase in the air supply temperature of the air outlet 2-4 of the air preheater, i.e., less heat is eventually transferred to the boiler furnace by increasing the air supply temperature of the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger, most of the heat is converted into heat energy of flue gas at the flue gas outlet of the air preheater, and the heat energy is converted into heat equivalent flue gas temperature increase due to the unchanged flue gas amount. As the temperature of the supplied air entering the air preheater 2 is increased, the temperature of the smoke at the outlet of the air preheater 2 is increased, the temperature of the smoke at the smoke inlet 22-1 of the flue heat exchanger is increased, the temperature of the supplied air is increased, and the temperature of the smoke at the outlet of the air preheater is further increased; the circulation is that the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2 is continuously increased, and the temperature of the air at the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger is also continuously increased, so that the temperature of the air at the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger can not be stabilized until the temperature of the air at the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger reaches a higher level after the heat leaving the system is equal to the heat entering the system, namely, the heat is balanced. Namely, the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2 are used for converting the low-temperature flue gas waste heat at the outlet of the air preheater 2 into high-temperature flue gas heat, so that the low-temperature flue gas waste heat at the outlet of the air preheater 2 is converted into higher-temperature flue gas heat.
On the basis of the above, in order to convert the low-grade flue gas waste heat into heat energy with higher temperature, a part of flue gas flowing through the air preheater 2 is separated and flows into a flue gas channel of the bypass economizer 15. Under the condition that the smoke temperature of the smoke outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger and the air supply temperature of the air supply outlet 2-4 of the air preheater are kept unchanged, the heat of the smoke which is split into the smoke channel of the bypass economizer 15 is equal to the heat which is transmitted to the air supply by the flue heat exchanger 22 (the heat dissipation loss and the secondary factors are ignored), but the temperature is the smoke temperature of the smoke inlet 2-1 of the air preheater. In general, the smoke temperature of the smoke outlet 2-2 of the air preheater is about 120 ℃, the smoke temperature of the smoke inlet 2-1 of the air preheater is about 300 ℃, the heat is equal, the heat energy temperature and the quality are greatly improved, and the working medium water temperature of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer can also be improved. Therefore, by the flue heat exchanger 22, the air preheater 2 and the bypass economizer 15, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat from the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2 can be converted into high-temperature heat energy with equal heat (neglecting secondary factors such as heat dissipation) and the utilization value and the utilization efficiency are greatly improved. The low-grade smoke energy after the air preheater is converted into higher-grade heat energy, and the temperature of the working medium water at the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer can be increased. Therefore, by the flue heat exchanger 22, the air preheater 2 and the bypass economizer 15, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat from the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2 can be converted into high-temperature heat energy with higher temperature and equal heat quantity (neglecting secondary factors such as heat dissipation) and the utilization value and the utilization efficiency are greatly improved.
When the flue temperature of the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is kept unchanged and the heat transferred to the air supply through the flue heat exchanger 22 is ignored and finally distributed into the heat and other secondary factors of the hearth of the boiler 1, the heat is converted into the equal heat to increase the bypass flue gas flow of the bypass economizer 15, namely the heat and the temperature of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer are improved.
The energy saving effect is better when the heat transferred to the supply air through the flue heat exchanger 22 is counted up and finally distributed into the furnace of the boiler 1.
In addition, the bypass economizer 15 is arranged to shunt a part of bypass flue gas from the flue gas entering the air preheater 2, so that the system resistance can be greatly reduced, the flue resistance increased by a part of the flue heat exchanger 22 can be offset, and the power consumption of the induced draft fan can be reduced. Setting the pressure difference of inlet and outlet flue gas of the air preheater 2 as U, the flue gas flow as Q, and the resistance of the air preheater as R, wherein R=U/Q; after the technology of the utility model is adopted, the bypass flue gas flow of the air preheater 2 which is shunted to the bypass economizer 15 is Q1, and the flue gas pressure difference at the inlet and the outlet of the air preheater 2 is changed into U1= (Q-Q1) R. It can be seen that the reduction of the flue gas flow of the air preheater can greatly reduce the pressure difference between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the air preheater.
The air supply temperature of the air supply inlet 2-3 of the air preheater is increased, so that the problems of low-temperature corrosion and the like of the cold end of the air preheater can be effectively solved, and the problems of deposition blockage of ammonium bisulfate and the like of the air preheater 2 can be effectively solved: at present, most boiler units are provided with a denitration system, when the boiler load is low and the flue gas temperature is low, the efficiency of the denitration system is reduced, the ammonia spraying amount is required to be increased, and excessive ammonia gas reacts with sulfide in the flue gas to generate ammonium bisulfate. As the temperature of the flue gas in the air preheater gradually decreases, ammonium bisulfate changes from a gaseous state to a nasal mucus state in the air preheater 2 to adhere to dust, and when the temperature decreases below the solidification point temperature of the ammonium bisulfate, the ammonium bisulfate is deposited on heat exchange elements of the air preheater 2, thereby causing corrosion and blockage of the air preheater 2 and seriously affecting the operation of the air preheater. The system improves the air supply temperature of the air supply inlet 2-3 of the air preheater, and can effectively avoid the problems of corrosion and blockage of the air preheater 2 caused by ammonium bisulfate. The method can be used for improving the flexibility of the thermal power plant, reducing the lowest stable load of the unit and improving the peak shaving capacity.
The flue gas waste heat and the bypass economizer 15 are utilized to heat part of working medium water from the first low-pressure heater 28, so that steam extraction of a steam turbine for heating the working medium water in the conventional technology can be saved. The part of the extracted steam can return to the steam turbine to do work and generate electricity, and can also be extracted to supply heat to the outside. Therefore, the power generation coal consumption is reduced, the power generation capacity, the heat supply capacity and the thermoelectric ratio of the steam turbine are improved, the lowest steam inlet flow of the low-pressure cylinder can be reduced, and the peak regulation capacity and the flexibility of the unit are improved. In addition, the low-grade flue gas waste heat is converted into high-grade flue gas heat of the flue gas inlet 15-1 of the bypass economizer, working medium water from the first low-pressure heater 28-2 can be heated to the temperature requirement that the working medium water can enter the working medium water inlet 1-5 of the boiler (the working medium water can be sent to the working medium water inlet 1-5 of the boiler after being heated and warmed by the high-pressure heater system in the conventional technology), high-stage steam turbine extraction steam can be saved, and the working capacity of the steam with the same heat but high temperature in the steam turbine is high according to the steam turbine principle, so that the heat utilization efficiency is high, and the energy saving efficiency is greatly improved.
The boiler is also provided with an economizer, and the boiler working medium water inlets 1-5 may be working medium water inlets (not shown in the figure) of said economizer.
The low-pressure heater 29 is a one-stage or multi-stage low-pressure heater (one stage is shown in the figure); the high-pressure heater 31 is a one-stage or multi-stage high-pressure heater (one stage is shown in the figure); the first low pressure heater 28 is a one-stage or multi-stage low pressure heater (one stage is shown); the first low pressure heater 28 is a one-stage or multi-stage low pressure heater (one stage is shown); the high-pressure steam extraction outlet 25-5 of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage (one stage is shown in the figure); the low pressure extraction outlet 25-4 of the turbine is one or more stages (one stage is shown).
In general, the steam turbine is used for driving the generator to generate electricity, so that the efficiency or the working capacity of the steam turbine is improved, and the electricity generation coal consumption or the electricity supply coal consumption can be reduced.
Optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan (not shown in the figure) is connected in series on a flue gas channel directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 22-1 or the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger. The flue heat exchanger may be connected in series at any position of the flue gas channel between the air preheater and the desulfurizing tower. The dust remover can remove part of dust in the flue gas; the induced draft fan is used for sucking the flue gas in the boiler furnace and sending the flue gas to a chimney.
Optionally, the bypass economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 is also in communication with a hot user (not shown in the figures).
Optionally, a first desulfurizing tower (not shown in the figure) is connected in series on a flue which is directly or indirectly communicated with the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-5 or the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4;
optionally, the bypass economizer 15 has two or more heat exchange modules and a series/parallel switching structure thereof, and the connection manner of the heat exchange modules of the bypass economizer 15 can be switched. If the high-temperature driving heat source is required to have high temperature, adopting a serial structure, wherein the flow rate of the working medium water in the working medium water channel of the bypass economizer 15 is small; if the temperature of the high-temperature driving heat source is required to be low, a parallel structure is adopted, and at the moment, the flow rate of the working medium water in the working medium water channel of the bypass economizer 15 is large.
Optionally, a bypass feed pump or/and a bypass deaerator or/and a buffer water tank (not shown in the figure) is/are arranged on the working fluid water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working fluid water inlet 15-3 of the bypass economizer. Wherein the bypass feed water pump is used for driving working medium water into the bypass economizer 15; the bypass deaerator is used for removing oxygen in the working medium water so as to prevent the working medium water from corroding a working medium water channel; the buffer water tank provides buffer capacity for the bypass feed pump, and ensures the operation safety of the water pump.
Fig. 1-1 is a schematic structural diagram of another connection mode of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 1-1, the difference from fig. 1 is that the blower 8 is disposed on a blower channel in which the flue heat exchanger blower outlet 22-4 is directly or indirectly connected, the flue heat exchanger blower outlet 22-4 is directly or indirectly connected to the blower inlet 8-1, and the blower outlet 8-2 is directly or indirectly connected to the air preheater blower inlet 1-2.
The working process is as follows:
the air supply enters the air supply channel of the flue heat exchanger 22 through the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger under the drive of the air blower 8, the air supply and the flue gas absorb the waste heat of the flue gas through heat exchange to rise in temperature, then flow out of the flue heat exchanger 22 through the air supply outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger, then enter the air preheater 2 through the air supply inlet 2-3 of the air preheater and the air blower 8-2, are heated and warmed by the flue gas from the flue gas outlet 1-3 of the boiler, then flow out of the air preheater 2 through the air supply outlet 2-4 of the air preheater, and then enter the boiler hearth through the air supply inlet 1-2 of the boiler. Other working principles are the same as those of fig. 1, and will not be described again.
In the present embodiment, compared with fig. 1, the air supplied is heated by the flue heat exchanger 22 and enters the blower 8, and the efficiency and the output of the blower 8 are reduced to some extent.
Fig. 1-2 are schematic structural views of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the main difference from fig. 1 is that the bypass economizer working medium water inlet 15-3 communicates directly or indirectly with the feed pump outlet 32-2.
The working process is as follows:
working medium water from the water feed pump outlet 32-2 is sent to the bypass economizer working medium water inlet 15-3, heated by the bypass economizer 15 and sent to the boiler working medium water inlet 1-5. Compared with the condition that the temperature of the working medium water from the working medium water outlet 28-2 of the first low-pressure heater in fig. 1 is higher, the working medium water from the working medium water inlet 15-3 of the bypass economizer in the embodiment is derived from the water supply pump outlet 32-2, more working medium water flow can be heated under the condition that the bypass economizer 15 has the same heat exchange capacity, more high-stage steam turbine extraction steam is saved, and therefore, the heat utilization efficiency is higher, and the energy saving efficiency is higher.
Fig. 1-3 are schematic structural diagrams of a flue heat exchanger in the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the flue heat exchanger 22 is a plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger is shown in the figure. The plate heat exchanger consists of a plurality of heat exchange plates and a shell, wherein the heat exchange plates are basically parallel to each other, and two sides of the heat exchange plates outside two sides are respectively provided with a hot gas (flue gas) channel and a cold gas (air supply) channel besides the adjacent heat exchange plates of the shell. The flue gas flowing in the flue gas channel transfers heat to the air supply on the other side through the heat exchange plates.
The plate heat exchanger has the advantage of small heat exchange end difference.
The flue heat exchanger 22 may also be a tube heat exchanger. The embodiment of fig. 1-3 differs in that the heat exchange element of the tubular heat exchanger is a heat exchange tube. In general, the heat exchange tube is internally provided with a flue gas channel, and the heat exchange tube is externally provided with an air supply channel.
The flue heat exchanger 22 may also be a tube heat exchanger, and a plate heat exchanger, i.e., a plate-tube hybrid heat exchanger.
Fig. 1-4 are schematic structural diagrams of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the difference from fig. 1 is that the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2 is in direct or indirect communication with the stack heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1; the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas outlet 15-2 of the bypass economizer are directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower.
The working process is as follows:
fuel is sent into a hearth of the boiler 1 through a boiler fuel inlet 1-1, an air blower 8 sends air into the hearth of the boiler 1 through an air preheater 2 and a boiler air supply inlet 1-2, the fuel burns to release heat, and flue gas generated by combustion flows out of the boiler 1 through a boiler flue gas outlet 1-3; then a part of flue gas is sent into the air preheater 2 through the flue gas inlet 2-1 of the air preheater, the air supply from the air supply outlet 8-2 of the air blower is heated, the flue gas and the air supply exchange heat and the temperature are reduced, then the flue gas flows out of the air preheater 2 through the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater, and then enters the flue heat exchanger 22 through the flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1, and the air supply flowing through the air supply channel of the flue heat exchanger 22 is heated; the flue gas flows out of the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger after being cooled; the other part of the flue gas enters a flue gas channel of the bypass economizer 15 through a flue gas inlet 15-1 of the bypass economizer, exchanges heat with working medium water in a working medium water channel of the bypass economizer 15, cools down, and flows out of the bypass economizer 15 through a flue gas outlet 15-2 of the bypass economizer; the flue gas from the flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 22-2 and the flue gas from the bypass economizer flue gas outlet 15-2 flow directly or indirectly through other equipment (e.g., a dust collector or/and an induced draft fan) into the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet 6-5 and into the desulfurizing tower 6. Other working processes are the same as those of fig. 1, and will not be described again.
Through increasing the flue heat exchanger at traditional air heater flue gas outlet, can further utilize the air supply to retrieve the flue gas waste heat, improve air heater heat exchange efficiency, increase the heat that the flue gas transmitted for the air supply. The air supply heated by the flue heat exchanger 22 is sent to the hearth of the boiler 1 after being further heated by the air preheater 2, so that the combustion efficiency of the boiler 1 can be further improved, the waste heat of the flue gas is recycled and sent to the hearth of the boiler 1, the fuel consumption can be equivalently saved, and the efficient utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas is realized. However, since the flow rate and heat capacity of the flue gas flowing through the air preheater 2 are much greater than the flow rate and heat capacity of the air supplied through the air preheater 2, the heat transferred to the air supplied by the flue heat exchanger 22 generally results in less elevation in the supply air temperature at the air preheater supply air outlet 2-4, and most of the heat energy will be converted into heat energy of the flue gas at the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2 and the flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 22-2, i.e., the flue gas temperatures at the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2 and the flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 22-2 are elevated. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the flue gas waste heat, a part of the flue gas flowing through the air preheater 2 is separated and flows into a flue gas channel of the bypass economizer 15. Under the condition that the temperature of the air supplied by the air supply outlet 2-4 of the air preheater is ignored, the heat of the flue gas which is shunted to the flue gas channel of the bypass economizer 15 is equal to the heat transferred to the air supplied by the flue heat exchanger (heat dissipation loss and secondary factors are ignored), but the temperature is the temperature of the flue gas of the air preheater flue gas inlet 2-1. In general, the smoke temperature of the smoke outlet 2-2 of the air preheater is about 120 ℃, the smoke temperature of the smoke inlet 2-1 of the air preheater is about 300 ℃, the heat is equal, the heat energy temperature and the quality are greatly improved, and the working medium water temperature of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer can also be improved. Therefore, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat from the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater can be converted into high-temperature heat energy with equal heat quantity (neglecting secondary factors such as heat dissipation and the like), and the utilization value and the utilization efficiency are greatly improved. The low-grade flue gas energy after the air preheater is converted into higher-grade heat energy, the working medium water temperature of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer can also be improved, and the utilization value and the utilization efficiency are greatly improved.
The principle of other aspects is the same as that of fig. 1, and will not be repeated.
Compared with fig. 1, the bypass economizer of the embodiment can recover more flue gas waste heat.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of fig. 1, a spray tower 12 is connected in series between the desulfurizing tower 6 and the chimney 7; a second blast heater 100 is arranged on the blast channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the blast inlet 8-1 of the blast blower;
the spray tower 12 is provided with a spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1, a spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2, a spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3 and a spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4. The bottom of the spray tower is provided with a spray tower water receiving device 12-5. A spray tower water distribution device 12-6 for heating medium water is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1 and the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2. The spray tower water distribution device 12-6 is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3, and the spray tower water receiving device 12-5 is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4;
the second air supply heater 100 is provided with a second air supply heater air supply inlet 100-1, a second air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2, a second air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3 and a second air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4;
The flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 12-1 of the spraying tower; the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney 7; the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet 100-3; the second air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3; the second supply air heater supply air outlet 100-2 communicates directly or indirectly with the flue heat exchanger supply air inlet 22-3.
The working process is as follows:
the desulfurized saturated or nearly saturated flue gas enters the spray tower 12 through the spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1. The heating medium water from the second air supply heater 100 is conveyed to the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 through the spray tower heating medium water inlet 12-3, the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 distributes the heating medium water into the flue gas, the flue gas and the heating medium water are subjected to mixed heat exchange in the spray tower 12, the saturated flue gas is further cooled, dehumidified and washed, and then the saturated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2 and the chimney 7.
The heat medium water from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly sent to the second air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3, enters the heat medium water channel of the second air supply heater 100, and the air supply (air) enters the air supply channel of the second air supply heater 100 through the second air supply heater air supply inlet 100-1 under the driving of the blower 8, the temperature of the heat medium water in the heat medium water channel of the second air supply heater 100 is reduced after the air supply of the air supply channel of the second air supply heater 100 is heated, and then flows out through the heat medium water outlet 100-4 of the second air supply heater, returns to the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3 for recycling. The air with the increased temperature flows out through the air outlet 100-2 of the second air supply heater and then is sent to the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2 in sequence, and is sent to the hearth of the boiler 1 after further temperature rise.
When the flue gas temperature of the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is kept unchanged (the heat exchange area of the flue heat exchanger is large enough or the heat exchange efficiency of the flue heat exchanger is high enough, the same applies below), and the heat transferred to the air supply by the second air supply heater 100 is ignored and finally distributed to part of heat and other secondary factors entering the hearth of the boiler 1, the heat transferred to the air supply by the second air supply heater 100 is converted into the increase of the bypass flue gas flow of the bypass economizer 15, namely the heat of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer is increased, so that the low-grade heat energy of the saturated flue gas after desulfurization is converted into the high-grade working medium water heat energy of the heat through the spray tower 12, the second air supply heater 100, the air preheater 2, the flue heat exchanger 22 or the bypass economizer 15, and the utilization value and utilization efficiency of the heat energy can be improved. The energy saving effect is better when accounting for the part of the heat which is finally distributed into the furnace of the boiler 1 by the heat transferred to the air supply by the second air supply heater 100.
The pollutants in the flue gas such as residual desulfurization slurry, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, fine dust (such as PM 2.5), heavy metals and the like can be further removed through the washing of the large flow and full coverage of the heat medium water; the temperature and the humidity of the flue gas are reduced, and the condensable particles in the flue gas are reduced; the fine mist droplets formed by condensing the water vapor in the flue gas are used as condensation nuclei, and other fine particles can be condensed by condensation to form large particles, so that the removal efficiency is improved; the humidity of the smoke is reduced, the local atmospheric environment can be improved, the possibility of forming aerosol and haze is reduced, and the smoke plume phenomenon of the chimney is further weakened, so that the purpose of whitening the chimney is realized.
In addition, part of water in the saturated flue gas is condensed and separated out, so that the effect of water recovery can be achieved, the part of water is condensed water without chloride ions, after the condensed water is recovered to a system, process water supplementing can be reduced, when the process water contains the chloride ions, the intake of the chloride ions can be reduced, and the treatment cost and the discharge of waste water are reduced, so that further energy and water conservation and discharge reduction of flue gas pollutants and water pollution are realized.
Because the flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is desulfurized and dedusted to reach a higher emission standard, the condensed water of the flue gas in the spray tower 12 has higher water quality, and can be sent to the outside of the system for use, and the water balance of the desulfurizing tower 6 is not influenced. As the saturated flue gas temperature at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is lower, near-zero end difference heat exchange can be realized by adopting mixed heat exchange, and the recovery amount of flue gas waste heat is increased.
The second blast heater 100 has self-adapting and self-adjusting capabilities for stack plume abatement: when the ambient temperature is low, smoke plume phenomenon is aggravated, and the diffusion of smoke pollutants at the outlet of the chimney is worsened; meanwhile, the air temperature of the air supply inlet 100-1 of the second air supply heater is low, the cooling capacity of the second air supply heater 100 to the heat medium water is improved, the temperature of the heat medium water outlet 100-3 of the second air supply heater is reduced, the condensation cooling of the heat medium water to the flue gas in the spray tower 12 is increased, the smoke plume regulating effect of the chimney is enhanced, and pollutants in the flue gas are reduced. And vice versa. When the atmospheric humidity increases, the diffusion of the smoke pollutants at the outlet of the chimney becomes worse, the smoke plume phenomenon is aggravated, meanwhile, the air humidity increases, the specific heat capacity increases, the cooling capacity of the second air supply heater 100 to the heat medium water increases, the temperature of the heat medium water outlet 100-4 of the second air supply heater decreases, the condensation cooling of the smoke is increased, the smoke plume regulating effect of the chimney is enhanced, and the pollutants in the smoke are reduced. And vice versa.
The number of the spray tower heating medium water outlets 12-4 can be one or more; the spray tower heating medium water inlet 12-3 may be one or more.
Optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 and the chimney 7;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 or the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3. The purpose is to provide flowing power for the heat medium water through a heat medium water circulating pump.
Fig. 2-1 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 2-1, the difference from fig. 2 is that in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a second flue heat exchanger 55 is further arranged on the flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger 22 and the desulfurizing tower 6; the second flue heat exchanger 55 is provided with a second flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 55-1, a second flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 55-2, a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet 55-3 and a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water outlet 55-4; the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 55-1 of the second flue heat exchanger; the flue gas outlet 5-2 of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower; the spray tower heating medium water inlet 12-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet 100-4; the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet 100-3; the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water outlet 55-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet 100-3;
The second flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
The working process is as follows:
the heat medium water from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 enters the heat medium water channel of the second flue heat exchanger 55 through the heat medium water inlet 55-3 of the second flue heat exchanger, the flue gas from the flue heat exchanger 22 enters the flue gas channel of the second flue heat exchanger 55 through the flue gas inlet 55-1 of the second flue heat exchanger, and the heat medium water in the heat medium water channel of the second flue heat exchanger 55 and the flue gas in the flue gas channel of the second flue heat exchanger 55 flow out after further heat exchange and temperature rise, and then enter the second air supply heater 100 for heating and air supply.
Compared with fig. 2, the embodiment can further recover the flue gas waste heat, increase the temperature of the heat medium water, increase the heat transferred to the air supply by the second air supply heater 100, further increase the air supply temperature entering the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger, and improve the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency. While also facilitating the prevention of low temperature corrosion of the flue heat exchanger 22. Other working processes and principles are the same as those of fig. 2, and are not repeated.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 3, on the basis of fig. 1, a spray tower 12 and an absorption heat pump 90 are also provided;
The spray tower 12 is provided with a spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1, a spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2, a spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3 and a spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4. The bottom of the spray tower is provided with a spray tower water receiving device 12-5. A spray tower water distribution device 12-6 for heating medium water is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1 and the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2. The spray tower water distribution device 12-6 is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3, and the spray tower water receiving device 12-5 is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4. And the heat medium water is scattered into the flue gas through the spray tower water distribution device 12-6, and the flue gas and the heat medium water are subjected to mixed heat exchange.
The absorption heat pump 90 includes an evaporator 91, an absorber 92, a generator (also referred to as a regenerator) 93, and a condenser 94; the evaporator 91 is provided with an evaporator low temperature heat source inlet 91-1, an evaporator low temperature heat source outlet 91-2, an evaporator refrigerant water inlet 91-3 and an evaporator refrigerant water vapor outlet 91-4; the absorber 92 is provided with an absorber cold water inlet 92-1, an absorber cold water outlet 92-2, an absorber refrigerant water vapor inlet 92-3, an absorber rich absorbent inlet 92-4, and an absorber lean absorbent outlet 92-5; the generator 93 is provided with a generator high temperature heat source inlet 93-1, a generator high temperature heat source outlet 93-2, a generator lean absorbent inlet 93-3, a generator rich absorbent outlet 93-4 and a generator refrigerant water vapor outlet 93-5; the condenser 94 is provided with a condenser cooling water inlet 94-1, a condenser cooling water outlet 94-2, a condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet 94-3, and a condenser refrigerant water outlet 94-4.
The evaporator refrigerant water inlet 91-3 communicates directly or indirectly with the condenser refrigerant water outlet 94-4; the evaporator refrigerant vapor outlet 91-4 communicates directly or indirectly with the absorber refrigerant vapor inlet 92-3; the absorber rich absorbent inlet 92-4 communicates directly or indirectly with the generator rich absorbent outlet 93-4; the absorber lean absorbent outlet 92-5 is in direct or indirect communication with the generator lean absorbent inlet 93-3; the generator refrigerant vapor outlet 93-5 communicates directly or indirectly with the condenser refrigerant vapor inlet 94-3. The absorber cold water outlet 92-2 communicates directly or indirectly with the condenser cold water inlet 94-1; the absorption heat pump 90 constitutes a first type of absorption heat pump, i.e. a heat-increasing type of absorption heat pump;
the spray tower 12 is connected in series with a flue gas channel between the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower and the chimney 7; the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 12-1 of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet 12-2 of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney 7;
the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the evaporator low temperature heat source inlet 91-1; the low-temperature heat source outlet 91-2 of the evaporator is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3;
The bypass economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1; the high-temperature heat source outlet 93-2 of the generator is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet 15-3 of the bypass economizer;
the working process is as follows:
the desulfurized saturated or nearly saturated flue gas enters the spray tower 12 through the spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1. The heat medium water from the low-temperature heat source outlet 91-2 of the evaporator is conveyed to the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 through the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3, the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 distributes the heat medium water into the flue gas, the flue gas and the heat medium water are subjected to mixed heat exchange in the spray tower 12, the saturated flue gas is further cooled, dehumidified and washed, and then the saturated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2 and the chimney 7.
The sensible heat of flue gas, the vaporization latent heat of water vapor condensation and the temperature after the reaction heat in the desulfurization process are absorbed by the heat medium water in the spray tower 12, and the heat medium water is directly or indirectly sent to the low-temperature heat source inlet 91-1 of the evaporator through the heat medium water outlet 12-4 of the spray tower after being collected by the water receiving device 12-5 of the spray tower.
The heat medium water from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 enters the heat exchange tube in the evaporator 91 through the low temperature heat source inlet 91-1 of the evaporator, the evaporator 91 is in a low pressure (such as vacuum) state, the principle that the boiling point of water is low in the low pressure state is utilized, the refrigerant water conveyed by the condenser 94 absorbs the heat of the heat medium water in the heat exchange tube and then evaporates and cools the heat medium water, and meanwhile, the refrigerant water vapor generated by evaporation enters the absorber 92. The cooled heat medium water flows out of the absorption heat pump 90 through the low-temperature heat source outlet 91-2 of the evaporator, returns to the heat medium water inlet 12-3 of the spray tower and enters the water distribution device 12-6 of the spray tower for recycling.
Cold water from a hot user enters the heat transfer tubes of the absorber 92 through the absorber cold water inlet 92-1, and in the absorber 92, the strong water absorption of the lithium bromide concentrated solution (or other absorbent solution) is utilized, the water vapor from the evaporator 91 is absorbed by the concentrated solution from the evaporator 93, and heat is released, the solution temperature is raised, and the solution temperature can be higher than the heat medium water temperature from the spray tower 12. When the solution contacts with the heat transfer pipe of the absorber 92, the cold water in the heat transfer pipe is heated to realize the heat transfer from the low-grade heat of the heat medium water of the spray tower to the cold water, the temperature of the cold water is increased, and the temperature of the cold water can be higher than the temperature of the heat medium water at the low-temperature heat source inlet 91-1 of the evaporator. And then flows out through the absorber cold water outlet 92-2 and then enters the condenser cooling water inlet 94-1, and meanwhile, the lithium bromide concentrated solution is changed into a dilute solution and then is conveyed to the generator 93.
The working medium water with higher temperature from the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer is used as a high-temperature driving heat source, enters the generator 93 through the generator high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1, the lithium bromide dilute solution in the generator 93 from the absorber 92 is heated and concentrated by the working medium water to be concentrated into a concentrated solution, then enters the absorber 92, the working medium water heats and concentrates the lithium bromide dilute solution and simultaneously generates refrigerant water vapor with higher temperature, and the refrigerant water vapor enters the condenser 94; after heat exchange and temperature reduction, the working medium water flows out of the absorption heat pump 90 through the high-temperature heat source outlet 93-2 of the generator and returns to the working medium water inlet 15-3 of the bypass economizer for recycling.
Cold water which is heated by the absorber 92 and is heated up from the absorber cold water outlet 92-2 is taken as cooling water, enters the condenser 94 through the condenser cooling water inlet 94-1, high-temperature refrigerant vapor from the generator 93 exchanges heat with the cooling water in the condenser 94 to release condensation latent heat and condense into refrigerant water, the cooling water absorbs heat and is heated up, and then flows out of the condenser 94 through the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 and is sent to a hot user for use; the refrigerant water after the condensation of the refrigerant water vapor enters the evaporator 91 to be evaporated, thus circulating.
The cold water from the hot user is heated by the absorber 92 and the condenser 94 in sequence, the heat of the cold water from the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 is equal to the sum of the heat input from the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4 through the evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet 91-1 and the heat input from the bypass economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 through the generator high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1, and the heating medium water low-temperature heat energy from the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4 is converted into heat energy with higher temperature. Thus forming a first type of absorption heat pump, namely a heat-increasing absorption heat pump. The cold water from the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 may be sent to a hot user, such as heating to the outside, etc.
According to the principle of the absorption heat pump, the high temperature drives the temperature of the heat source to rise within a certain range, so that the efficiency of the absorption heat pump can be improved. Therefore, the low-temperature heat energy of the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater can be equivalently converted into the high-temperature heat energy of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer, and the high-temperature working medium water of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer is used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90, so that the working efficiency of the absorption heat pump 90 can be improved, namely, the low-grade flue gas waste heat of the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 can be more recovered under the condition that the heat quantity of the flue gas waste heat of the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater is the same.
In general, the smoke temperature of the smoke outlet 2-2 of the air preheater is about 120 ℃, the smoke temperature of the smoke inlet 2-1 of the air preheater is about 300 ℃, and the temperature of working medium water (high-temperature driving heat source) from the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer can reach about 290 ℃ (can be adjusted according to the requirement of the absorption heat pump 90); the saturated flue gas temperature of the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is about 50 ℃, and the temperature of the heat medium water from the spray tower 12 is about 40 ℃ (low temperature heat source); the cold water temperature at the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 of the absorption heat pump 90 can reach about 80 c (output heat energy). That is, the low-grade flue gas waste heat which is difficult to recycle after the desulfurization is recycled by utilizing the mixed heat exchange of the spray tower heat medium water and the flue gas, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat of the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater is equivalently converted into high-temperature heat energy (which can be adjusted according to the requirement) of about 290 ℃ by utilizing the flue heat exchanger 22, the air preheater 2 and the bypass economizer 15 and is used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90, the low-temperature heat energy of the heat medium water which is difficult to utilize and is from the spray tower is converted into the middle-temperature heat energy which is available by utilizing the absorption heat pump and the high-temperature driving heat source, and the heat of the cold water of the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 is equal to the sum of the heat of the working medium water from the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer and the heat of the heat medium water from the heat medium water outlet 12-4 of the spray tower, so that the available heat is increased. Compared with the prior art that a high-temperature driving heat source with higher use value is adopted, all heat of the embodiment is from flue gas waste heat, the flue gas waste heat is recovered by the flue gas waste heat, the waste is treated by the waste, the waste is recovered by the waste, and the waste is turned into wealth, so that the flue gas waste heat recovery amount, the energy quality and the utilization efficiency are greatly improved, and the economical efficiency is greatly improved.
The heat medium water is cooled by the evaporator and then is sent to the spray tower 12 for mixed heat exchange of the flue gas. The pollutants in the flue gas such as residual desulfurization slurry, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, fine dust (such as PM 2.5), heavy metals and the like can be further removed through the washing of the large flow and full coverage of the heat medium water; the temperature and the humidity of the flue gas are reduced, and the condensable particles in the flue gas are reduced; the fine mist droplets formed by condensing the water vapor in the flue gas are used as condensation nuclei, and other fine particles can be condensed by condensation to form large particles, so that the removal efficiency is improved; the humidity of the smoke is reduced, the local atmospheric environment can be improved, the possibility of forming aerosol and haze is reduced, and the smoke plume phenomenon of the chimney is further weakened, so that the purpose of whitening the chimney is realized.
In addition, part of water in the saturated flue gas is condensed and separated out, so that the effect of water recovery can be achieved, the part of water is condensed water without chloride ions, after the condensed water is recovered to a system, process water supplementing can be reduced, when the process water contains the chloride ions, the intake of the chloride ions can be reduced, and the treatment cost and the discharge of waste water are reduced, so that further energy and water conservation and discharge reduction of flue gas pollutants and water pollution are realized.
Because the flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is desulfurized and dedusted to reach a higher emission standard, the condensed water of the flue gas in the spray tower 12 has higher water quality, and can be sent to the outside of the system for use, and the water balance of the desulfurizing tower 6 is not influenced. As the saturated flue gas temperature at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is lower, near-zero end difference heat exchange can be realized by adopting mixed heat exchange, and the recovery amount of flue gas waste heat is increased.
The emission of pollutants is fundamentally reduced while the recovery and utilization efficiency of the waste heat of the flue gas is improved, and the emission of carbon dioxide is included, so that the realization of a carbon neutralization target is facilitated.
Therefore, the embodiment realizes the high-efficiency recovery and the high-efficiency utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas, and simultaneously realizes the water conservation, the deep emission reduction of the flue gas, the near zero emission and the treatment of the flue gas plume.
The number of the spray tower heating medium water outlets 12-4 can be one or more; the spray tower heating medium water inlet 12-3 may be one or more.
Optionally, a spray tower demister (not shown in the figure) is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 and the chimney 7. The purpose is to further purify the flue gas entering the chimney through a spray tower demister.
Optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 or the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3. The purpose is to provide flowing power for the heat medium water through a heat medium water circulating pump.
Optionally, a high-temperature heat source water pump (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the high-temperature heat source channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1 or the generator high-temperature heat source outlet 93-2. The purpose is to provide flowing power for the high-temperature driving heat source through the high-temperature heat source water pump.
Optionally, the generator high temperature heat source outlet 93-2 is in direct or indirect communication with the bypass economizer working medium water inlet 15-3 through a cooler (not shown in the figures); optionally, the cooler is a generator of other absorption heat pumps or other air supply heaters;
optionally, a cold water pump (not shown) is connected in series to a cold water channel directly or indirectly connected to the condenser cold water outlet 93-2 or the absorber cold water inlet 92-1;
optionally, a cold water reheater (not shown) is connected in series to the cold water channel in direct or indirect communication with the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2.
Fig. 3-1 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 3-1, the bypass economizer 15 is different from fig. 3 in that the bypass economizer includes a first stage bypass heat exchange module 15a and a second stage bypass heat exchange module 15b connected in series one after the other; the first-stage bypass heat exchange module is provided with a bypass economizer flue gas inlet 15-1, a first-stage bypass heat exchange module flue gas outlet 15a-2, a first-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water inlet 15a-3 and a bypass economizer working medium water outlet 15-4; the second-stage bypass heat exchange module 15b is provided with a second-stage bypass heat exchange module smoke inlet 15b-1, a bypass economizer smoke outlet 15-2, a bypass economizer working medium water inlet 15-3 and a second-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water outlet 15b-4; the first-stage bypass heat exchange module flue gas outlet 15a-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second-stage bypass heat exchange module flue gas inlet 15b-1, and the second-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water outlet 15b-4 is simultaneously directly or indirectly communicated with the first-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water inlet 15a-3 and the generator high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1; the high-temperature heat source outlet 93-2 of the generator is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet 15-3 of the bypass economizer.
The working process is as follows:
the flue gas from the boiler flue gas outlet 1-3 passes through the first-stage bypass heat exchange module 15a and the second-stage bypass heat exchange module 15b in sequence, exchanges heat with working medium water, cools down and flows out of the bypass economizer flue gas outlet 15-2; the working medium water flows out through a working medium water outlet 15b-4 of the second-stage bypass heat exchange module after heat exchange and temperature rise of the second-stage bypass heat exchange module 15b and the flue gas, and then a part of the working medium water is sent to the first-stage bypass heat exchange module 15a to be subjected to further heat exchange and temperature rise of the flue gas with higher temperature, and then is sent to a heat user; part of the refrigerant is used as a high-temperature driving heat source, enters the generator 93 of the absorption heat pump 90 through the generator high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1, the dilute absorbent solution from the absorber 92 in the generator 93 is heated and concentrated by working medium water to be concentrated into concentrated absorbent solution, then enters the absorber, the dilute absorbent solution is heated and concentrated to generate refrigerant water vapor with higher temperature, and the refrigerant water vapor enters the condenser 94; the working medium water flows out of the absorption heat pump 90 after heat exchange and temperature reduction, and returns to the second-stage bypass heat exchange module 15b for recycling.
With respect to fig. 3, the working fluid water of the bypass economizer working fluid water outlet 15-4 of the present embodiment can be used for off-system users, such as for power generation.
Optionally, the working fluid water at the working fluid water outlet 15b-4 of the second-stage bypass heat exchange module is subjected to heat exchange and temperature rise with the flue gas at a higher temperature by passing through a bypass header (not shown in the figure) or by passing through the first bypass deaerator 30C for deaeration or/and passing through the first bypass feed pump 32C for boosting, and then is sent to the first-stage bypass heat exchange module 15 a. The function is that the proper working medium water temperature node in the working medium water heating flow, namely the working medium water outlet 15b-4 of the second-stage bypass heat exchange module, is deoxidized or/and pressurized to meet the system operation requirement.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 4, the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system is further provided with a first air supply heater 80; the first air supply heater 80 is provided with a first air supply heater air supply inlet 80-1, a first air supply heater air supply outlet 80-2, a first air supply heater cold water inlet 80-3 and a first air supply heater cold water outlet 80-4; the air supply channel of the first air supply heater 80 is connected in series with the air channel of the blower air supply inlet 8-1 or the blower air supply outlet 8-2 which is directly or indirectly communicated, and the air supply inlet 80-1 of the first air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; the first air supply heater air supply outlet 80-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3; the first supply air heater cold water inlet 80-3 communicates directly or indirectly with the condenser cold water outlet 94-2; the first supply air heater cold water outlet 80-4 communicates directly or indirectly with the absorber cold water inlet 92-1.
The working process is as follows:
the cold water from the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 is sent to the first air supply heater cold water inlet 80-3 to enter the first air supply heater 80 cold water channel, and after heating the air supply flowing through the first air supply heater 80 air supply channel, the air supply is sent back to the absorber cold water inlet 92-1 through the first air supply heater cold water outlet 80-4. The air supply enters the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2 in sequence under the drive of the blower 8, and enters the boiler 1 after being further heated. Other working processes are basically the same as those of fig. 3, and will not be described again.
Part of working medium water from the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer is used as a high-temperature driving heat source, the heat quantity is set as Qg, the heat quantity of a low-temperature heat source of low-temperature heat medium water from the spray tower 12 is absorbed through the first type absorption heat pump 90, and the heat quantity is set as Q d The medium temperature heat converted into the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 is set as Q Z According to the working principle of the first type of absorption heat pump, Q Z ＝Qg+Q d . This heat is transferred to the air supply through the first air supply heater 80 and then enters the air preheater 2, and when the smoke temperature at the smoke outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is kept unchanged and the secondary factors such as the air supply temperature rise at the air supply outlet 2-4 of the air preheater are ignored, the bypass smoke flow of the bypass economizer 15 can be increased, and the heat of this part of smoke is Q Z ＝Qg+Q d That is, the low-grade heat energy of the saturated flue gas which is difficult to be utilized after desulfurization from the spray tower 12 is converted into the high-temperature heat energy of the flue gas by the absorption heat pump 90, the spray tower 12, the first air supply heater 80, the air preheater 2, the bypass economizer 15 and utilizing the high-temperature driving heat source from the bypass economizer 5.
Optionally, a cold water pump (not shown) is provided on the cold water path through which the absorber cold water inlet 92-1 or the condenser cold water outlet 94-2 communicates directly or indirectly.
The first supply air heater 80 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 5, the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system is further provided with a second air supply heater 100; the second air supply heater 100 is provided with a second air supply heater air supply inlet 100-1, a second air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2, a second air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3 and a second air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4; the air supply channel of the second air supply heater 100 is connected in series with the air channel of the blower air supply inlet 8-1 or the blower air supply outlet 8-2 which is directly or indirectly communicated, and the air supply inlet 100-1 of the second air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; when the first air supply heater 80 is provided, the second air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the first air supply heater air supply inlet 80-1; when the first air supply heater 80 is not provided, the second air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3; the second air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4; the second air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3.
The working process is as follows:
the heat medium water from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly sent to the second air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3, enters the heat medium water channel of the second air supply heater 100, and the air supply (air) enters the air supply channel of the second air supply heater 100 through the second air supply heater air supply inlet 100-1 under the driving of the blower 8, the temperature of the heat medium water in the heat medium water channel of the second air supply heater 100 is reduced after the air supply of the air supply channel of the second air supply heater 100 is heated, and then flows out through the heat medium water outlet 100-4 of the second air supply heater, returns to the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3 for recycling. The air with increased temperature is sent to the hearth of the boiler 1 through the air preheater air supply outlet 2-4 after being further heated by the first air supply heater 80 (if any), the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2. When the flue temperature of the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is kept unchanged and the heat transferred to the air supply by the second air supply heater 100 is ignored and finally distributed into the heat and other secondary factors of the hearth of the boiler 1, the heat transferred to the air supply by the second air supply heater 100 is converted into the increase of the bypass flue gas flow of the bypass economizer 15, namely the heat of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer is increased, so that the low-grade heat energy of the desulfurized saturated flue gas is converted into the high-grade working medium water heat energy of the same heat by the spray tower 12, the second air supply heater 100, the air preheater 2, the flue heat exchanger 22 and the bypass economizer 15, and the utilization value and the utilization efficiency of the heat energy can be improved. The energy saving effect is better when the heat transferred to the air supply through the second air supply heater 100 is counted up and finally distributed into the furnace of the boiler 1.
Further, the heat energy is used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90 to be input into the generator 93 of the absorption heat pump, so that the low-temperature heat of the heat medium water from the spray tower 12 can be recovered more, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency and external heat supply of the absorption heat pump 90. Therefore, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat which is difficult to utilize after desulfurization can be recovered through mixed heat exchange of the spray tower and is converted into high-grade heat energy through the second air supply heater 100, the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2, so that the full recovery and the efficient utilization of the flue gas waste heat are realized, and the increase of the flue gas waste heat recovery amount and the improvement of the heat energy quality are realized. The low-grade flue gas waste heat after desulfurization is converted into heat of high-temperature hot water through the spray tower 12, the second air supply heater 100, the air preheater 2, the flue heat exchanger 22 and the bypass economizer 2 and is used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90, and then the heat of the low-temperature heat source of the heat medium water from the spray tower 12 is further absorbed through the absorption heat pump 90 and is converted into usable heat energy with higher temperature, so that the low-grade heat energy of the flue gas after desulfurization is driven and absorbed by the low-grade heat energy from the flue gas after desulfurization, and is converted into usable heat energy with higher temperature. In general, the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is about 50 ℃, the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater is about 120 ℃, the temperature of the air at the inlet of the second air heater 100 is about 15 ℃, the temperature of the heat medium water after mixed heat exchange between the spray tower 12 and the flue gas can be increased to about 40 ℃, the temperature of the air supply after being heated by the heat medium water at the second air supply heater 100 can be increased to about 35 ℃, and the temperature of the flue gas at the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater is about 300 ℃. Under the condition that the temperature of the air supply outlet 2-4 of the air preheater is increased (better if the income is counted) and the temperature of the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is kept unchanged and other secondary factors are ignored because the temperature increase of the air supply inlet 2-3 of the air preheater is not counted, the heat increase realized by the increased flue gas flow of the bypass economizer 15 is equal to the flue gas waste heat absorbed by the heat medium water from the spray tower 12, namely, the low-grade flue gas waste heat at the outlet 50 ℃ of the desulfurizing tower 6 passes through the spray tower 12, the air supply heater 80, the air preheater 2, the flue heat exchanger 22 and the bypass economizer 15 and can be converted into the high-grade flue gas heat at the temperature of about 300 ℃ of the flue gas inlet of the bypass economizer by the equal heat, thereby improving the heat quantity and quality of the working medium water outlet 22-4 of the bypass economizer, and further improving the recovery efficiency of the low-temperature heat of the heat medium water of the spray tower 12 by the absorption heat pump 90, thereby realizing the efficient recovery of the low-grade flue gas waste heat and the conversion to the high-grade heat energy, and improving the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency and utilization efficiency.
The second blast heater 100 has self-adapting and self-adjusting capabilities for stack plume abatement: when the ambient temperature is low, smoke plume phenomenon is aggravated, and the diffusion of smoke pollutants at the outlet of the chimney is worsened; meanwhile, the air temperature of the air supply inlet 100-1 of the second air supply heater is low, the cooling capacity of the second air supply heater 100 to the heat medium water is improved, the temperature of the heat medium water outlet 100-3 of the second air supply heater is reduced, the condensation cooling of the heat medium water to the flue gas in the spray tower 12 is increased, the smoke plume regulating effect of the chimney is enhanced, and pollutants in the flue gas are reduced. And vice versa. When the atmospheric humidity increases, the diffusion of the smoke pollutants at the outlet of the chimney becomes worse, the smoke plume phenomenon is aggravated, meanwhile, the air humidity increases, the specific heat capacity increases, the cooling capacity of the second air supply heater 100 to the heat medium water increases, the temperature of the heat medium water at the heat medium water outlet 100-4 of the second air supply heater decreases, the condensation cooling of the smoke is increased, the smoke plume regulating effect of the chimney is enhanced, and the pollutants in the smoke are reduced. And vice versa.
When the blower 8 is disposed on a blower path in direct or indirect communication with the flue gas heat exchanger blower inlet 22-3, the first blower heater 80 or the second blower heater 100 may be disposed on the blower path between the blower outlet 8-2 and the flue heat exchanger blower inlet 22-3; alternatively, the first blower heater 80 or the second blower heater 100 may be provided at the blower inlet 8-1. The former mode is characterized in that the temperature of the air supply is increased after the air supply is driven and pressurized by the air supply blower, and under the same condition, the heat transferred to the air supply by the heater is reduced, but the efficiency of the air supply blower is basically unchanged; the latter mode has the advantages that the inlet air temperature of the heater is low, and under the same conditions, the heater can transfer more heat to the air supply, but the power consumption of the air supply machine can be slightly increased; when the blower 8 is disposed on the directly or indirectly connected air supply channel of the air supply outlet 22-4 of the flue gas heat exchanger, the first air supply heater 80 or the second air supply heater 100 is disposed on the directly or indirectly connected air supply channel of the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue gas heat exchanger.
The second air supply heater 100 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
Fig. 5-1 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 5-1, the difference from fig. 5 is that in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a second flue heat exchanger 55 is further arranged on the flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger 22 and the desulfurizing tower 6; the second flue heat exchanger 55 is provided with a second flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 55-1, a second flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 55-2, a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet 55-3 and a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water outlet 55-4; the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 55-1 of the second flue heat exchanger; the flue gas outlet 5-2 of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower; the spray tower heating medium water inlet 12-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet 100-4; the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet 100-3; the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water outlet 55-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet 100-3;
The second flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
The working process is as follows:
the heat medium water from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 enters the heat medium water channel of the second flue heat exchanger 55 through the heat medium water inlet 55-3 of the second flue heat exchanger, the flue gas from the flue heat exchanger 22 enters the flue gas channel of the second flue heat exchanger 55 through the flue gas inlet 55-1 of the second flue heat exchanger, and the heat medium water in the heat medium water channel of the second flue heat exchanger 55 and the flue gas in the flue gas channel of the second flue heat exchanger 55 flow out after further heat exchange and temperature rise, and then enter the second air supply heater 100 for heating and air supply.
Compared with fig. 2, the embodiment can further recover the flue gas waste heat, increase the temperature of the heat medium water, increase the heat transferred to the air supply by the second air supply heater 100, further increase the air supply temperature entering the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger, and improve the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency. While also facilitating the prevention of low temperature corrosion of the flue heat exchanger 22. Other working processes and principles are the same as those of fig. 5, and are not repeated.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 6, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a third air supply heater 9 is further connected in series with an air duct directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet 8-1 or the air supply outlet 8-2 of the air supply device; a first flue heat exchanger 5 is arranged between the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower; the third air supply heater 9 is provided with a third air supply heater air supply inlet 9-1, a third air supply heater air supply outlet 9-2, a third air supply heater working medium water inlet 9-3 and a third air supply heater working medium water outlet 9-4; the third air supply heater air supply outlet 9-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3; preferably, when the second blast heater 100 is provided, the third blast heater blast inlet 9-1 communicates directly or indirectly with the second blast heater blast outlet 100-2; preferably, when the first supply air heater 80 is provided, the relative position between the third supply air heater 9 and the first supply air heater 80 is determined according to the respective hot side water medium temperature, and the heater with the high hot side medium temperature is installed at a position closer to the air preheater supply air inlet 2-3; the third air supply heater 9 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger; the first flue heat exchanger 5 is provided with a first flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 5-1, a first flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 5-1, a first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet 5-3 and a first flue heat exchanger working medium water outlet 5-4; the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 5-1 of the first flue heat exchanger; the flue gas outlet 5-2 of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower; the first flue heat exchanger 5 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger; the working medium water inlet 9-3 of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet 5-4 of the first flue heat exchanger; the third air supply heater working medium water outlet 9-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet 5-3; optionally, a dust collector 60 and/or an induced draft fan 61 are connected in series on the flue gas channel between the flue gas heat exchanger 22 and the first flue gas heat exchanger 5.
The working process is as follows:
the flue gas from the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger directly or indirectly enters the flue gas channel of the first flue heat exchanger 5 through the flue gas inlet 5-1 of the first flue heat exchanger, the working medium water from the working medium water outlet 9-4 of the third air supply heater enters the working medium water channel of the first flue heat exchanger 5 through the working medium water inlet 5-3 of the first flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas enters the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower through the flue gas outlet 5-2 of the first flue heat exchanger after heat exchange and cooling of the flue gas and the working medium water; the working medium water is heated by the flue gas flowing through the flue gas channel of the first flue heat exchanger 5, enters the working medium water channel of the third air supply heater 9 through the working medium water outlet 5-4 of the first flue heat exchanger and the working medium water inlet 9-3 of the third air supply heater, cools after heating the air supply flowing through the air supply channel of the air supply heater 9, flows out through the working medium water outlet 9-4 of the third air supply heater, returns to the working medium water inlet 5-3 of the first flue heat exchanger, and is recycled.
Under the drive of the blower 8, the air is heated by the third air supply heater 9 and then is sent to the flue heat exchanger 22, and then is further heated by the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2 and then enters the hearth of the boiler 1.
The first flue heat exchanger 5 is arranged to more fully recycle the flue gas waste heat, and the flue gas waste heat can be converted into high-temperature flue gas heat energy of the flue gas inlet 15-1 of the bypass economizer through the air preheater 2 and the bypass economizer 15, and further converted into high-temperature working medium water heat energy of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the bypass economizer through the bypass economizer 15. Meanwhile, the air supply temperature of the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger can be increased, and the risk of low-temperature corrosion is reduced;
Optionally, a dust remover 60 and/or an induced draft fan 61 are/is connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet 5-1 of the first flue heat exchanger;
optionally, a third working medium water circulating water pump (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet 9-4 of the third air supply heater or the working medium water inlet 9-3 of the air supply heater.
When the second air-supply heater 100 is provided, the third air-supply heater air-supply inlet 9-1 is directly or indirectly connected to the second air-supply heater air-supply outlet 100-2; when the first air supply heater 80 is arranged, the relative position between the third air supply heater 9 and the first air supply heater 80 is determined according to the respective hot side water medium temperature, and the heater with high hot side medium temperature is arranged at a position closer to the air supply inlet 2-3 of the air preheater; when the second flue heat exchanger 55 is arranged, the flue gas flows out of the first flue heat exchanger 5, then enters the second flue heat exchanger 55, exchanges heat with heat medium water to cool down, and then enters the desulfurizing tower 6.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a desulfurizing tower and a spray tower in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 7, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, the spray tower 12 is disposed above the desulfurizing tower 6, and the desulfurizing tower 6 and the spray tower 12 are connected through the liquid collecting device 12-7 to form a desulfurizing and spraying integrated structure. The desulfurization spraying integrated structure is internally provided with a slurry pool 6-3, a desulfurization tower flue gas inlet 6-5, a desulfurization tower spraying device 6-6, a desulfurization tower demister 6-7, a liquid collecting device 12-7, a spray tower water distributing device 12-6 and a spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2 from bottom to top.
The liquid collecting device 12-7 is a multifunctional integrated structure comprising the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower, the flue gas inlet 12-1 of the spraying tower and the water receiving device 12-5 of the spraying tower, the flue gas from the desulfurizing tower 6 can enter the spraying tower 12 through the liquid collecting device 12-7, and the heat medium water from the water distributing device 12-6 of the spraying tower falls into the liquid collecting device 12-7 to be collected, and is led out of the spraying tower 12 through the heat medium water outlet 12-4 of the spraying tower to be incapable of flowing into the desulfurizing tower 6.
The tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 (the spray tower body in the present embodiment) and the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device 12-7 (the desulfurizing tower body in the present embodiment) can be directly connected, and the liquid collecting device 12-7 is arranged in the combined part of the tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 and the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device 12-7 and is separated up and down by the liquid collecting device 12-7; the tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 can be connected with the liquid collecting device 12-7, and then the liquid collecting device 12-7 is connected with the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device.
The structure has the advantages of saving occupied space, reducing system resistance and having great advantages especially for the improvement of the existing unit. The liquid collecting device 12-7 can be a water receiving disc commonly used in single-tower double-circulation, a liquid collector commonly used in the chemical industry, a liquid collector and the like, so long as the functional requirements of the liquid collecting device are met.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a liquid collection device in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 8, the liquid collecting device 12-7 has a liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure with demisting function. The liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure comprises a liquid collecting chassis 12-8, a gas lift pipe 12-9 and a gas lift cap 12-10. The liquid collecting chassis 12-8 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 12-11, the vent holes 12-11 are correspondingly provided with the gas raising pipes 12-9, the top ends of the gas raising pipes 12-9 are provided with the gas raising caps 12-10, and gas raising channels 12-13 for flue gas circulation are arranged between the gas raising caps 12-10 or between the gas raising caps 12-10 and the top ends of the gas raising pipes 12-9 or on the pipe wall of the upper section of the gas raising pipes 12-9; the draft tube 12-9 is provided with guide vanes or swirlers 12-12 therein (fig. 8a, 8b are schematic structural views of an embodiment of the guide vanes); the liquid collecting chassis 12-8 is provided with a water blocking edge 12-4 or the liquid collecting chassis 12-8 is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the tower body of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure and takes the inner wall of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure as a water blocking edge 12-14, an upward opening space enclosed between the liquid collecting chassis 12-8 and the water blocking edge 12-14 is taken as a spray tower water receiving device 12-5, and the spray tower water receiving device 12-5 is communicated with the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4. The guide vane or the cyclone 12-12 is fixedly arranged in the gas lift pipe, and when the flue gas flows through the guide vane or the cyclone from bottom to top, the flue gas generates high-speed rotation taking the central line of the gas lift pipe as the center and moves in a spiral ascending manner under the guide effect.
The structure can purify the flue gas entering the spray tower 12, reduce the pollution of the flue gas to the heat medium water, and simultaneously reduce the height of the desulfurization and spray integrated structure.
The working principle is as follows: the flue gas with particles and fog drops from the desulfurizing tower 6 flows upwards into the gas lift pipe 12-9 in the liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure 12-7, the flue gas rotates at a high speed and ascends around the central line of the gas lift pipe 12-9 under the action of the guide vane or the cyclone 12-12 in the gas lift pipe 12-9, namely, the flue gas moves in a spiral ascending mode, the particles and the fog drops collide with each other and are condensed into large particles, the large particles and the fog drops as well as the heavy particles with a specific gravity are thrown to the pipe wall of the gas lift pipe 12-9 under the action of centrifugal force to be trapped, and then flow downwards under the action of gravity, so that the separation and removal of the particles, the fog drops and the flue gas are realized. The flue gas continues to flow upwards to the gas raising cap 12-10, flows into the spray tower 12 from the gas raising cap itself or the gas raising channel 12-13 arranged between the top end of the gas raising cap 12-10 and the gas raising pipe 12-9 or on the pipe wall of the upper section of the gas raising pipe 12-9, flows upwards to be mixed and heat exchanged with the heat medium water falling from the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 from top to bottom in countercurrent, and then the temperature, humidity and pollutants of the flue gas are further reduced, and flows out of the spray tower 12 through the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2. The heat medium water from the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 falls into the spray tower water receiving device 12-5 from top to bottom, and the heat medium water together with condensed water condensed and separated from the flue gas is led out of the spray tower 12 through the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4. The function of the gas-raising cap 12-10 is to enable the flue gas from the desulfurizing tower 6 to flow into the spraying tower 12, while the heat medium water from the water distribution device 12-6 of the spraying tower 12 cannot flow into the desulfurizing tower 6. The lift cap may take the shape of a cap, a shutter, or other commercially available lift cap forms, as long as the above-described function is achieved. The air lifting cap and the air lifting pipe can be of an integrated structure or a split structure. One of the gas risers may correspond to one of the gas caps, or two or more of the gas risers may share one of the gas caps.
It is possible to take the form of a structure in which the outer diameter of the gas-raising cap 12-10 is larger than the outer diameter of the gas-raising tube 12-9, that is, the vertical projection of the gas-raising cap 12-10 is completely covered and larger than the vertical projection of the gas-raising tube. Since the diameter of the gas-raising cap 12-10 is larger than the outer diameter of the gas-raising pipe 12-9, the heat medium water cannot flow into the gas-raising pipe 12-9, that is, cannot flow into the desulfurizing tower 6.
The distance of each of the risers 12-9 can be appropriately adjusted as needed to provide the desired volume of the heat medium water reservoir.
The liquid collecting device 12-7 can also adopt the structure shown in fig. 8-1, a demisting pipe 12-15 is connected below the gas raising pipe 12-9, and a guide vane or a cyclone is arranged in the demisting pipe. The working principle is basically the same as that of the prior art.
The liquid collecting device 12-7 can also adopt the structure shown in fig. 8-2, a demisting pipe 12-15 is arranged in the gas raising pipe 12-9, and guide vanes or swirlers are arranged in the demisting pipe. The working principle is basically the same as that of the prior art.
The riser pipe 12-9 and the demisting pipe 12-15 can be separated or integrated.
Optionally, the water blocking edge is connected with the tower body above the liquid collecting device (the tower body of the spray tower in the embodiment) or/and the tower body below the liquid collecting device (the tower body of the desulfurizing tower in the embodiment) to form an integrated structure. The tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 and the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device 12-7 can be directly connected, the liquid collecting device 12-7 is arranged in the combination part of the tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 and the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device 12-7, and is vertically separated through the liquid collecting device 12-7, the inner wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 can be used as a water blocking edge, and the liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure can also be provided with a water blocking edge on the liquid collecting chassis; the tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 can be connected with the water blocking edge of the liquid collecting device 12-7, and then the water blocking edge of the liquid collecting device 12-7 is connected with the tower wall of the tower body below the water blocking edge.
Fig. 8-3 are schematic structural views of another embodiment of a liquid collection device in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
Fig. 8-4 are schematic structural views of one embodiment of an air cap of a liquid collection device.
8-3 and 8-4, on the basis of FIG. 8, the lift cap 12-10 adopts a tower-type shutter structure with a small top and a large bottom, and flue gas from below the lift cap 12-10 can flow to above the lift cap 12-10 through the lift cap 12-10, but heat medium water from above the lift cap 12-10 cannot flow to below the lift cap 12-10 through the lift cap 12-10; in addition, the outer diameter of the riser cap and the outer diameter of the riser are smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the vent hole 12-11 on the liquid collecting chassis 12-8, so that the riser 12-9 and the riser cap 12-10 can be pulled out from the lower part of the liquid collecting chassis 12-8 for maintenance. The purpose is mainly to reduce the height of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a desulfurizing tower and a spray tower in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in FIG. 9, a filler layer 12-16 is disposed between the liquid collecting device 12-7 and the water distributing device 12-6. The advantages are that: when the flow rate of the heating medium is fixed, the residence time and the heat transfer area of the heating medium can be improved, and the heat exchange efficiency and the outlet water temperature can be improved.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. Equivalent alterations, modifications and combinations will be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this utility model.
Claims (15)
1. A boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system, comprising: the system comprises a boiler, a bypass economizer, an air preheater, a flue heat exchanger, a desulfurizing tower, a chimney, a blower, a steam turbine, a condenser, a condensate pump, a first low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a water supply pump and a high-pressure heater; wherein,
the boiler is provided with a fuel inlet, a boiler air supply inlet, a boiler flue gas outlet, a boiler working medium water inlet and a boiler steam outlet;
the bypass economizer is provided with a bypass economizer flue gas inlet, a bypass economizer flue gas outlet, a bypass economizer working medium water inlet and a bypass economizer working medium water outlet;
the air preheater is provided with an air preheater flue gas inlet, an air preheater flue gas outlet, an air preheater air supply inlet and an air preheater air supply outlet;
the flue heat exchanger is provided with a flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet and a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet;
The desulfurizing tower includes: a desulfurizing tower body and a slurry circulating pump; a slurry pond is arranged at the bottom of the desulfurizing tower body; the lower part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet, and the upper part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet; a desulfurizing tower spraying device is arranged between the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet, the desulfurizing tower spraying device is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry circulating pump, and the slurry circulating pump is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry pool; optionally, a desulfurizing tower demister is arranged between the desulfurizing tower spraying device and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet;
the blower is provided with a blower inlet and a blower outlet;
the steam turbine is provided with a steam turbine steam inlet, a steam turbine steam outlet, a steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet and a steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet;
the condenser is provided with a condenser steam inlet and a condenser working medium water outlet;
the condensate pump is provided with a condensate pump inlet and a condensate pump outlet;
the first low-pressure heater is provided with a first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet and a first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet;
The low-pressure heater is provided with a low-pressure heater working medium water inlet, a low-pressure heater working medium water outlet and a low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
the deaerator is provided with a deaerator working medium water inlet and a deaerator working medium water outlet;
the water feed pump is provided with a water feed pump inlet and a water feed pump outlet;
the high-pressure heater is provided with a high-pressure heater working medium water inlet, a high-pressure heater working medium water outlet and a high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
the boiler flue gas outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the air preheater flue gas inlet and the bypass economizer flue gas inlet at the same time;
the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; or the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas outlet of the bypass economizer are both directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
The air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air preheater; the air preheater air supply outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler air supply inlet;
the air feeder is arranged on an air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger or the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger; when the blower is arranged on the air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger, the air supply outlet of the blower is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; when the blower is arranged on the air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger, the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the blower, and the air supply outlet of the blower is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air preheater;
the boiler steam outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam inlet of the steam turbine; the steam outlet of the steam turbine is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam inlet of the condenser; the condenser working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condensate pump inlet; the condensate pump outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first low-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the low-pressure heater working medium water inlet; the low-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the deaerator working medium water inlet; the working medium water outlet of the deaerator is directly or indirectly communicated with the inlet of the water feeding pump; the water feed pump outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the high-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet; the low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet; the high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet; the bypass economizer working medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet or the water supply pump outlet; the bypass economizer working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet;
The low-pressure heater is one-stage or multi-stage low-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater is a one-stage or multi-stage high-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater is a one-stage or multi-stage low-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater is one-stage or multi-stage; the high-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage; the low-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage;
optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the flue heat exchanger or the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger;
optionally, the bypass economizer working medium water outlet is also communicated with a heat user;
optionally, a first desulfurizing tower is connected in series on the flue directly or indirectly communicated with the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet or the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet;
optionally, a bypass water feed pump or/and a bypass deaerator or/and a buffer water tank are arranged on a working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the bypass economizer;
optionally, the flue heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger or a tubular plate-type hybrid heat exchanger;
optionally, the air preheater and the flue heat exchanger are in an integrated structure.
2. The system for recycling flue gas waste heat of a boiler according to claim 1, wherein a spray tower is connected in series between the desulfurizing tower and the chimney; a second air supply heater is also arranged;
the spray tower is provided with a spray tower flue gas inlet, a spray tower flue gas outlet, a spray tower heat medium water inlet and a spray tower heat medium water outlet; a spray tower water receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower; a spray tower water distribution device for heating medium water is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet and the spray tower flue gas outlet; the spray tower water distribution device is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet, and the spray tower water receiving device is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet;
the second air supply heater is provided with a second air supply heater air supply inlet, a second air supply heater air supply outlet, a second air supply heater heating medium water inlet and a second air supply heater heating medium water outlet;
the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet, and the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet; or a second flue heat exchanger is arranged on the flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the desulfurizing tower, and the second flue heat exchanger is provided with a second flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a second flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet and a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet, the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water inlet, and the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet; the second flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
The air supply channel of the second air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the blower or the air supply outlet of the blower, and the air supply outlet of the second air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger;
optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device and the chimney;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump is arranged on a heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet or the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
optionally, a packing layer is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device.
3. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, further comprising a spray tower and an absorption heat pump;
the spray tower comprises a spray tower body; the spray tower body is provided with a spray tower smoke inlet, a spray tower smoke outlet, a spray tower heating medium water inlet and a spray tower heating medium water outlet; a spray tower water receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower body; a spray tower water distribution device for heating medium water is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet and the spray tower flue gas outlet; the spray tower water distribution device is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet, and the spray tower water receiving device is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet;
The absorption heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator and a condenser, wherein the evaporator is provided with an evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet, an evaporator low-temperature heat source outlet, an evaporator refrigerant water inlet and an evaporator refrigerant water vapor outlet; the absorber is provided with an absorber cold water inlet, an absorber cold water outlet, an absorber refrigerant water vapor inlet, an absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet and an absorber diluted absorbent solution outlet; the generator is provided with a generator high-temperature heat source inlet, a generator high-temperature heat source outlet, a generator dilute absorbent solution inlet, a generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet and a generator refrigerant water vapor outlet; the condenser is provided with a condenser cooling water inlet, a condenser cooling water outlet, a condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet and a condenser refrigerant water outlet;
the evaporator refrigerant water inlet is in direct or indirect communication with the condenser refrigerant water outlet; the evaporator refrigerant vapor outlet is in direct or indirect communication with the absorber refrigerant vapor inlet; the absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet; the absorber lean absorbent solution outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator lean absorbent solution inlet; the generator refrigerant water vapor outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet; the absorber cold water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water inlet; the absorption heat pump forms a heat-increasing type absorption heat pump;
The spray tower is connected in series on a flue gas channel between the desulfurizing tower and the chimney; the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet; the low-temperature heat source outlet of the evaporator is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
the bypass economizer working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet, and the generator high-temperature heat source outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the bypass economizer working medium water inlet; or the bypass economizer comprises a first-stage bypass heat exchange module and a second-stage bypass heat exchange module which are connected in series back and forth, wherein the first-stage bypass heat exchange module is provided with a bypass economizer flue gas inlet, a first-stage bypass heat exchange module flue gas outlet, a first-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water inlet and a bypass economizer working medium water outlet; the second-stage bypass heat exchange module is provided with a second-stage bypass heat exchange module smoke inlet, a bypass economizer smoke outlet, a bypass economizer working medium water inlet and a second-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water outlet, the first-stage bypass heat exchange module smoke outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second-stage bypass heat exchange module smoke inlet, the second-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water outlet is simultaneously directly or indirectly communicated with the first-stage bypass heat exchange module working medium water inlet and the generator high-temperature heat source inlet, and the generator high-temperature heat source outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the bypass economizer working medium water inlet; optionally, a bypass header or/and a first bypass deaerator or/and a first bypass water supply pump are connected in series on a branch working medium water channel between the working medium water outlet of the second-stage bypass heat exchange module and the working medium water inlet of the first-stage bypass heat exchange module;
Optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device and the chimney;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump is arranged on a heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet or the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
optionally, a high-temperature heat source water pump is arranged on the high-temperature heat source channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet or the generator high-temperature heat source outlet;
optionally, the high-temperature heat source outlet of the generator is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the bypass economizer through a cooler;
optionally, a cold water reheater is connected in series on a cold water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet or the absorber cold water outlet;
optionally, a cold water pump is connected in series on a cold water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet or the absorber cold water inlet;
optionally, a packing layer is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device.
4. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 3, further comprising a first air supply heater; the first air supply heater is provided with a first air supply heater air supply inlet, a first air supply heater air supply outlet, a first air supply heater cold water inlet and a first air supply heater cold water outlet; the air supply channel of the first air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air blower or the air supply outlet of the air blower; the air supply outlet of the first air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the first air supply heater cold water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet; the first air supply heater cold water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the absorber cold water inlet; optionally, a cold water pump is arranged on a cold water channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the cold water inlet of the absorber or the cold water outlet of the condenser.
5. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 3, further comprising a second air supply heater; the second air supply heater is provided with a second air supply heater air supply inlet, a second air supply heater air supply outlet, a second air supply heater heating medium water inlet and a second air supply heater heating medium water outlet; the air supply channel of the second air supply heater is connected in series with the air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air blower or the air supply outlet of the air blower; the air supply outlet of the second air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the second air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water outlet, and the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water inlet; or a second flue heat exchanger is arranged on the flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the desulfurizing tower, and the second flue heat exchanger is provided with a second flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a second flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet and a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet, the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water inlet, and the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet; the second flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
6. The system for recycling flue gas waste heat of a boiler according to claim 4, further comprising a second air supply heater; the second air supply heater is provided with a second air supply heater air supply inlet, a second air supply heater air supply outlet, a second air supply heater heating medium water inlet and a second air supply heater heating medium water outlet; the air supply channel of the second air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the blower or the air supply outlet of the blower, and the air supply outlet of the second air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the first air supply heater; the second air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water outlet, and the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water inlet;
or a second flue heat exchanger is arranged on the flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the desulfurizing tower, and the second flue heat exchanger is provided with a second flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a second flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water inlet and a second flue heat exchanger heat medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water outlet, the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water inlet, and the second flue heat exchanger heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater heating medium water inlet; the second flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
7. The system according to claim 1, wherein a third air heater is further connected in series to an air duct directly or indirectly connected to the air supply inlet or the air supply outlet of the blower; a first flue heat exchanger is arranged between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
the third air supply heater is provided with a third air supply heater air supply inlet, a third air supply heater air supply outlet, a third air supply heater working medium water inlet and a third air supply heater working medium water outlet; the air supply outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the third air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the first flue heat exchanger is provided with a first flue heat exchanger smoke inlet, a first flue heat exchanger smoke outlet, a first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet and a first flue heat exchanger working medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the first flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
The working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the first flue heat exchanger; and the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first flue heat exchanger.
8. The system according to claim 2, wherein a third air heater is further connected in series to an air duct directly or indirectly connected to the air supply inlet or the air supply outlet of the blower; a first flue heat exchanger is arranged between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the third air supply heater is provided with a third air supply heater air supply inlet, a third air supply heater air supply outlet, a third air supply heater working medium water inlet and a third air supply heater working medium water outlet; the air supply outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the third air supply heater air supply inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater air supply outlet; the third air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the first flue heat exchanger is provided with a first flue heat exchanger smoke inlet, a first flue heat exchanger smoke outlet, a first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet and a first flue heat exchanger working medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
When the second flue heat exchanger is not arranged, the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; when a second flue heat exchanger is arranged, the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
the first flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the first flue heat exchanger; optionally, a third working medium water circulating water pump is arranged on the working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater or the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater.
9. The system for recycling flue gas waste heat of boiler according to claim 3, wherein a third air supply heater is connected in series with an air duct directly or indirectly connected with the air supply inlet or the air supply outlet of the air supply device; a first flue heat exchanger is arranged between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the third air supply heater is provided with a third air supply heater air supply inlet, a third air supply heater air supply outlet, a third air supply heater working medium water inlet and a third air supply heater working medium water outlet; the air supply outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the third air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
The first flue heat exchanger is provided with a first flue heat exchanger smoke inlet, a first flue heat exchanger smoke outlet, a first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet and a first flue heat exchanger working medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the first flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the first flue heat exchanger; optionally, a third working medium water circulating water pump is arranged on the working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater or the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater.
10. The system according to claim 4, wherein a third air heater is further connected in series to an air duct directly or indirectly connected to the air supply inlet or the air supply outlet of the blower; a first flue heat exchanger is arranged between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
The third air supply heater is provided with a third air supply heater air supply inlet, a third air supply heater air supply outlet, a third air supply heater working medium water inlet and a third air supply heater working medium water outlet; the air supply outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the third air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the first flue heat exchanger is provided with a first flue heat exchanger smoke inlet, a first flue heat exchanger smoke outlet, a first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet and a first flue heat exchanger working medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the first flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
the relative position between the third air supply heater and the first air supply heater is determined according to the temperature of the hot side water medium, and the heater with high temperature of the hot side medium is arranged at a position closer to the air supply inlet of the air preheater;
Optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the first flue heat exchanger; optionally, a third working medium water circulating water pump is arranged on the working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater or the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater.
11. The system according to claim 5, wherein a third air heater is further connected in series to an air duct directly or indirectly connected to the air supply inlet or the air supply outlet of the blower; a first flue heat exchanger is arranged between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
the third air supply heater is provided with a third air supply heater air supply inlet, a third air supply heater air supply outlet, a third air supply heater working medium water inlet and a third air supply heater working medium water outlet; the air supply outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the third air supply heater air supply inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater air supply outlet; the third air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
The first flue heat exchanger is provided with a first flue heat exchanger smoke inlet, a first flue heat exchanger smoke outlet, a first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet and a first flue heat exchanger working medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
when the second flue heat exchanger is not arranged, the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; when a second flue heat exchanger is arranged, the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
the first flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the first flue heat exchanger; optionally, a third working medium water circulating water pump is arranged on the working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater or the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater.
12. The system according to claim 6, wherein a third air heater is further connected in series to an air duct directly or indirectly connected to the air supply inlet or the air supply outlet of the blower; a first flue heat exchanger is arranged between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
the third air supply heater is provided with a third air supply heater air supply inlet, a third air supply heater air supply outlet, a third air supply heater working medium water inlet and a third air supply heater working medium water outlet; the air supply outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the third air supply heater air supply inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air supply heater air supply outlet; the third air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the first flue heat exchanger is provided with a first flue heat exchanger smoke inlet, a first flue heat exchanger smoke outlet, a first flue heat exchanger working medium water inlet and a first flue heat exchanger working medium water outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
When the second flue heat exchanger is not arranged, the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; when a second flue heat exchanger is arranged, the flue gas outlet of the first flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the second flue heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the second flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
the first flue heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the first flue heat exchanger; the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first flue heat exchanger;
the relative position between the third air supply heater and the first air supply heater is determined according to the temperature of the hot side water medium, and the heater with high temperature of the hot side medium is arranged at a position closer to the air supply inlet of the air preheater;
optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue heat exchanger and the first flue heat exchanger; optionally, a third working medium water circulating water pump is arranged on the working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water outlet of the third air supply heater or the working medium water inlet of the third air supply heater.
13. The system according to any one of claims 2-6 and 8-12, wherein the spray tower is disposed above the desulfurizing tower, the desulfurizing tower and the spray tower are connected by a liquid collecting device to form a desulfurizing and spraying integrated structure, and the slurry pool, the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet, the desulfurizing tower spray device, the liquid collecting device, the spray tower water distributing device and the spray tower flue gas outlet are sequentially disposed inside the desulfurizing and spraying integrated structure from bottom to top; the liquid collecting device is of a multifunctional integrated structure comprising a flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower, a flue gas inlet of the spraying tower and a water receiving device of the spraying tower, flue gas from the desulfurizing tower can enter the spraying tower through the liquid collecting device, heat medium water from the spraying tower falls into the liquid collecting device to be collected, and is guided out of the liquid collecting device through the heat medium water outlet of the spraying tower to be incapable of flowing into the desulfurizing tower; optionally, a filler layer is arranged between the liquid collecting device and the spray tower water distribution device.
14. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 13, wherein the liquid collecting device is a liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure with demisting function, and the liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure comprises a liquid collecting chassis, a gas lifting pipe and a gas lifting cap; the liquid collecting chassis is provided with a plurality of vent holes, the vent holes are correspondingly provided with the gas lifting pipes, the top ends of the gas lifting pipes are provided with gas lifting caps, and gas lifting channels for the circulation of flue gas are arranged on the gas lifting caps or between the gas lifting caps and the top ends of the gas lifting pipes or on the pipe walls of the upper sections of the gas lifting pipes; a guide vane or a cyclone is arranged in the gas lift pipe, or/and a demisting pipe is connected below the gas lift pipe or arranged in the gas lift pipe, and the guide vane or the cyclone is arranged in the demisting pipe; the gas lifting pipe and the demisting pipe are of a split structure or an integrated structure; the liquid collecting chassis is provided with a water retaining edge or is in sealing combination with the inner wall of the tower body of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure and takes the inner wall of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure as the water retaining edge, an upward opening space enclosed between the liquid collecting chassis and the water retaining edge is used as a spray tower water receiving device, and the spray tower water receiving device is directly or indirectly communicated with a spray tower heating medium water outlet.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the lift cap is a tower-type louver structure, and the outer diameter of the lift cap and the outer diameter of the lift tube are both smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the vent hole on the liquid collection chassis, and the lift tube and the lift cap are both mounted in a detachable manner from the liquid collection chassis.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220169374 | 2022-01-21 | ||
| CN2022201693746 | 2022-01-21 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN220186863U true CN220186863U (en) | 2023-12-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221725726.8U Active CN220186863U (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-07-06 | Boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN220186863U (en) |
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- 2022-07-06 CN CN202221725726.8U patent/CN220186863U/en active Active
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