CN219934019U - Boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system - Google Patents
Boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219934019U CN219934019U CN202220560307.7U CN202220560307U CN219934019U CN 219934019 U CN219934019 U CN 219934019U CN 202220560307 U CN202220560307 U CN 202220560307U CN 219934019 U CN219934019 U CN 219934019U
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
A boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system includes: the system comprises a boiler, a low-temperature economizer, an air preheater, a flue heat exchanger, a desulfurizing tower, a chimney, a blower, a steam turbine, a condenser, a condensate pump, a first low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a water supply pump and a high-pressure heater. The system can realize the efficient recovery and the efficient utilization of the flue gas waste heat.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system.
Background
In a conventional boiler system, fuel is combusted by a boiler to form flue gas which is discharged out of a hearth, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney after passing through an air preheater, a dust remover, an induced draft fan and a desulfurizing tower in sequence. The temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater is higher, so that a great amount of heat energy is wasted. The existing flue gas waste heat recovery technology has the following problems: 1. the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the air preheater is low, the heat energy quality is low, the recovery efficiency is low, and the recovered heat energy utilization value and the utilization efficiency are low due to the low heat energy quality of the conventional flue gas waste heat recovery technology; 2. in the prior art, the gas-water heat exchanger is utilized to recycle the low-temperature flue gas waste heat, so that the gas-water heat exchanger is often leaked due to low-temperature corrosion, a large amount of heat medium water is leaked and the problem is enlarged, and the reliability of equipment is lower; 3. in the prior art, the gas-gas heat exchanger is used for recovering the waste heat of the flue gas, but the space arrangement is difficult due to the large volume of the gas-gas heat exchanger.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system.
The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system includes: the system comprises a boiler, a low-temperature economizer, an air preheater, a flue heat exchanger, a desulfurizing tower, a chimney, a blower, a steam turbine, a condenser, a condensate pump, a first low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a water supply pump and a high-pressure heater; wherein,,
the boiler is provided with a fuel inlet, a boiler air supply inlet, a boiler flue gas outlet, a boiler working medium water inlet, a boiler steam outlet and a boiler working medium water inlet;
the low-temperature economizer is provided with a low-temperature economizer smoke inlet, a low-temperature economizer smoke outlet, a low-temperature economizer working medium water inlet and a low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet;
the air preheater is provided with an air preheater flue gas inlet, an air preheater flue gas outlet, an air preheater air supply inlet and an air preheater air supply outlet;
the flue heat exchanger is provided with a flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet and a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet; the flue heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger and is a gas-gas heat exchanger;
The desulfurizing tower includes: a desulfurizing tower body and a slurry circulating pump; a slurry pond is arranged at the bottom of the desulfurizing tower body; the lower part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet, and the upper part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet; a desulfurizing tower spraying device is arranged between the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet, the desulfurizing tower spraying device is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry circulating pump, and the slurry circulating pump is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry pool; optionally, a desulfurizing tower demister is arranged between the desulfurizing tower spraying device and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet;
the blower is provided with a blower inlet and a blower outlet;
the steam turbine is provided with a steam turbine steam inlet, a steam turbine steam outlet, a steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet and a steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet;
the condenser is provided with a condenser steam inlet and a condenser working medium water outlet;
the condensate pump is provided with a condensate pump inlet and a condensate pump outlet;
the first low-pressure heater is provided with a first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet and a first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet;
The low-pressure heater is provided with a low-pressure heater working medium water inlet, a low-pressure heater working medium water outlet and a low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
the deaerator is provided with a deaerator working medium water inlet and a deaerator working medium water outlet;
the water feed pump is provided with a water feed pump inlet and a water feed pump outlet;
the high-pressure heater is provided with a high-pressure heater working medium water inlet, a high-pressure heater working medium water outlet and a high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
the boiler flue gas outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the air preheater flue gas inlet; the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature economizer; the low-temperature economizer flue gas outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air preheater; the air preheater air supply outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler air supply inlet;
The air feeder is arranged on an air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger or the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger; when the blower is arranged on the air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger, the air supply outlet of the blower is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; when the blower is arranged on the air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger, the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the blower, and the air supply outlet of the blower is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air preheater;
the boiler steam outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam inlet of the steam turbine; the steam outlet of the steam turbine is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam inlet of the condenser; the condenser working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condensate pump inlet; the condensate pump outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first low-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the low-pressure heater working medium water inlet and the low-temperature economizer working medium water inlet at the same time; the low-pressure heater working medium water outlet and the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet are directly or indirectly communicated with the deaerator working medium water inlet; the working medium water outlet of the deaerator is directly or indirectly communicated with the inlet of the water feeding pump; the water feed pump outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the high-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet; the low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet; the high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet;
The low-pressure heater is one-stage or multi-stage low-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater is a one-stage or multi-stage high-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater is one-stage or multi-stage; the high-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage; the low-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage.
Optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
optionally, the working medium water outlet of the low-temperature economizer is also communicated with a heat user;
optionally, a first desulfurizing tower is connected in series on the flue directly or indirectly communicated with the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet or the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet;
optionally, a bypass water pump or/and a buffer water tank are arranged on a working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the low-temperature economizer;
optionally, the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet is communicated with the deaerator working medium water inlet through a second low-pressure heater;
optionally, the flue heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger or a tube-type plate-type hybrid heat exchanger.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a spray tower is connected in series between the desulfurizing tower and the chimney; an air supply heater is also arranged;
The spray tower is provided with a spray tower flue gas inlet, a spray tower flue gas outlet, a spray tower heat medium water inlet and a spray tower heat medium water outlet; a spray tower water receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower; a spray tower water distribution device is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet and the spray tower flue gas outlet; the spray tower water distribution device is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet, and the spray tower water receiving device is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet;
the air supply heater is provided with an air supply heater air supply inlet, an air supply heater air supply outlet, an air supply heater heating medium water inlet and an air supply heater heating medium water outlet;
the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney; the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply heater heating medium water outlet, and the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply heater heating medium water inlet; the air supply channel of the air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air supply device or the air supply outlet of the air supply device, and the air supply outlet of the air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger;
Optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device and the chimney;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump is arranged on a heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet or the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
optionally, a packing layer is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a spray tower and an absorption heat pump are further arranged;
the spray tower comprises a spray tower body; the spray tower body is provided with a spray tower smoke inlet, a spray tower smoke outlet, a spray tower heating medium water inlet and a spray tower heating medium water outlet; a spray tower water receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower body; a spray tower water distribution device is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet and the spray tower flue gas outlet; the spray tower water distribution device is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet, and the spray tower water receiving device is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet; optionally, the spray tower water distribution device is a water distribution tank or a water distribution pipe or a spray device;
The absorption heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator and a condenser, wherein the evaporator is provided with an evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet, an evaporator low-temperature heat source outlet, an evaporator refrigerant water inlet and an evaporator refrigerant water vapor outlet; the absorber is provided with an absorber cold water inlet, an absorber cold water outlet, an absorber refrigerant water vapor inlet, an absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet and an absorber diluted absorbent solution outlet; the generator is provided with a generator high-temperature heat source inlet, a generator high-temperature heat source outlet, a generator dilute absorbent solution inlet, a generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet and a generator refrigerant water vapor outlet; the condenser is provided with a condenser cooling water inlet, a condenser cooling water outlet, a condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet and a condenser refrigerant water outlet;
the evaporator refrigerant water inlet is in direct or indirect communication with the condenser refrigerant water outlet; the evaporator refrigerant vapor outlet is in direct or indirect communication with the absorber refrigerant vapor inlet; the absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet; the absorber lean absorbent solution outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator lean absorbent solution inlet; the generator refrigerant water vapor outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet; the absorber cold water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water inlet; the absorption heat pump forms a heat-increasing type absorption heat pump;
The spray tower is connected in series on a flue gas channel between the desulfurizing tower and the chimney; the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet; the low-temperature heat source outlet of the evaporator is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet, and the generator high-temperature heat source outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the low-temperature economizer working medium water inlet;
optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device and the chimney;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump or/and a heat medium water tank are arranged on a heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet or the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
optionally, a high-temperature heat source water pump is arranged on the high-temperature heat source channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet or the generator high-temperature heat source outlet;
Optionally, the high-temperature heat source outlet of the generator is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the low-temperature economizer through a cooler;
optionally, a cold water reheater is connected in series on a cold water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet or the absorber cold water outlet;
optionally, a cold water pump is connected in series on a cold water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet or the absorber cold water inlet;
optionally, a packing layer is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a first air supply heater is further arranged; the first air supply heater is provided with a first air supply heater air supply inlet, a first air supply heater air supply outlet, a first air supply heater cold water inlet and a first air supply heater cold water outlet; the air supply channel of the first air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air blower or the air supply outlet of the air blower; the air supply outlet of the first air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the first air supply heater cold water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet; the first air supply heater cold water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the absorber cold water inlet; optionally, a cold water pump is arranged on a cold water channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the cold water inlet of the absorber or the cold water outlet of the condenser.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, an air supply heater is further arranged; the air supply heater is provided with an air supply heater air supply inlet, an air supply heater air supply outlet, an air supply heater heating medium water inlet and an air supply heater heating medium water outlet; the air supply channel of the air supply heater is connected in series with the air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air supply device or the air supply outlet of the air supply device; the air supply outlet of the air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; preferably, when the first air supply heater is provided, the air supply outlet of the air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the first air supply heater;
the air supply heater heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water outlet, and the air supply heater heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water inlet; the air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, the spray tower is arranged above the desulfurization tower, the desulfurization tower and the spray tower are connected through a liquid collecting device to form a desulfurization spray integrated structure, and the slurry pool, the flue gas inlet of the desulfurization tower, the spray device of the desulfurization tower, the liquid collecting device, the water distributing device of the spray tower and the flue gas outlet of the spray tower are sequentially arranged inside the desulfurization spray integrated structure from bottom to top; the liquid collecting device is of a multifunctional integrated structure comprising a flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower, a flue gas inlet of the spraying tower and a water receiving device of the spraying tower, flue gas from the desulfurizing tower can enter the spraying tower through the liquid collecting device, heat medium water from the spraying tower falls into the liquid collecting device to be collected, and is guided out of the liquid collecting device through the heat medium water outlet of the spraying tower to be incapable of flowing into the desulfurizing tower; optionally, a filler layer is arranged between the liquid collecting device and the spray tower water distribution device.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, the liquid collecting device is a liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure with demisting function, and the liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure comprises a liquid collecting chassis, a gas lifting pipe and a gas lifting cap; the liquid collecting chassis is provided with a plurality of vent holes, the vent holes are correspondingly provided with the gas lifting pipes, the top ends of the gas lifting pipes are provided with gas lifting caps, and gas lifting channels for the circulation of flue gas are arranged on the gas lifting caps or between the gas lifting caps and the top ends of the gas lifting pipes or on the pipe walls of the upper sections of the gas lifting pipes; a guide vane or a cyclone is arranged in the gas lift pipe, or/and a demisting pipe is connected below the gas lift pipe or arranged in the gas lift pipe, and the guide vane or the cyclone is arranged in the demisting pipe; the gas lifting pipe and the demisting pipe are of a split structure or an integrated structure; the liquid collecting chassis is provided with a water retaining edge or is in sealing combination with the inner wall of the tower body of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure and takes the inner wall of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure as the water retaining edge, an upward opening space enclosed between the liquid collecting chassis and the water retaining edge is used as a spray tower water receiving device, and the spray tower water receiving device is directly or indirectly communicated with a spray tower heating medium water outlet.
Preferably, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, the flue heat exchanger comprises a flue heat exchanger shell; a rotatable flue heat exchanger core body is arranged in the flue heat exchanger shell; the core body of the flue heat exchanger comprises a core body front end plate, a core body rear end plate and a plurality of core body heat exchange tubes; the core front end plate is provided with a plurality of core front end plate through holes, and the core rear end plate is correspondingly provided with a core rear end plate through hole; two ends of each core heat exchange tube are respectively connected with the core front end plate through hole and the corresponding core rear end plate through hole; the center line of the front end plate of the core body and the center line of the rear end plate of the core body are taken as a center line, and the core body of the flue heat exchanger can rotate by taking the center line as the core body axis of the flue heat exchanger; a plurality of inner flow passages of the core heat exchange tubes form a core air supply passage; the flow channel formed by the core front end plate, the core rear end plate, the outer surfaces of the plurality of core heat exchange tubes and the flue heat exchanger shell is a core smoke channel of the flue heat exchanger;
a flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet is formed in one side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell at the core flue gas channel, and a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet is formed in the opposite side surface of the one side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell at the core flue gas channel;
A flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows is arranged between the core front end plate and the front end part of the flue heat exchanger shell; a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet is formed in the flue heat exchanger shell at the air box of the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet; a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box is arranged between the rear end part of the flue heat exchanger shell and the core rear end plate, a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet is arranged on the flue heat exchanger shell at the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box, the core air supply channel sequentially passes through the core front end plate, the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet air box and the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet and is directly or indirectly communicated, and the core air supply channel sequentially passes through the core rear end plate, the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box and the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet and is directly or indirectly communicated;
optionally, a flue heat exchanger core driving device is also arranged;
optionally, an inner fin is arranged on the inner wall of the core heat exchange tube;
optionally, an outer fin is disposed on an outer wall of the core heat exchange tube.
The blowers described herein are various blowers that supply oxygen required for combustion to the supply air in a boiler, such as blowers and/or primary blowers in a power plant. The boiler refers to a device that burns fuel to emit heat and generates flue gas.
The steam turbine is generally used for driving a generator to generate electricity, and has the advantages of improving the working efficiency, improving the working capacity and reducing the energy consumption, namely reducing the electricity generation coal consumption and the power supply coal consumption.
The spray tower water distribution device is a water distribution tank, a water distribution pipe, a spray device or the like, and can distribute the heat medium water into the flue gas. The spray tower water receiving device can be a tower pool positioned at the lower part of the spray tower or other structural forms, so long as the heat medium water flowing out from the water distribution device can be collected.
The absorption heat pump is a circulating system which utilizes high-grade energy to drive and realize heat transfer from low temperature to high temperature. The heat energy is used for driving operation, lithium bromide solution or other solution with strong water absorbability such as ammonia water and the like can be used as an absorbent, water or aqueous solution is used as a refrigerant, heat is extracted from a low-grade heat source, medium-temperature and high-temperature hot water or steam meeting the requirements of processes or heating is prepared, waste heat recycling is realized, and heat energy is conveyed from low temperature to high temperature.
The absorption heat pump optionally further comprises heat exchanger suction devices, canned pumps (solution pump and refrigerant pump), etc. The air extractor extracts noncondensable gases such as air in the unit and keeps the unit in a high vacuum state all the time.
The specific structure of other conventional components related to the absorption heat pump belongs to the conventional technology, and is not described herein.
The surface type heat exchanger refers to a heat exchanger, wherein cold side medium and hot side medium are not in direct contact, but indirectly exchange heat through wall surfaces such as heat exchange tube walls or heat exchange plate walls, such as a tube type heat exchanger, a plate type heat exchanger, a heat tube type heat tube hybrid heat exchanger and the like, and the heat exchange process of the heat tube type heat exchanger is that the hot side medium transfers heat to an intermediate medium in a heat tube through a heat tube hot section tube wall, and the intermediate medium transfers heat to the cold side medium through the heat tube cold section tube wall.
Communication as described herein, including direct communication and indirect communication;
herein, optionally, means that it may be selected, e.g., with or without, being provided, in some way or not.
The sequential arrangement, sequential communication, etc. of the various devices or components described herein relate to sequential expressions, and do not exclude the case where other devices or components are disposed between two devices or components that are sequentially adjacent.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 1-1 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 6-1 is a schematic view of a cross section in the direction A-A of a flue heat exchanger in the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the boiler of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 6-2 is a vertical cross-sectional view through the axis of the flue heat exchanger in the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 6-3 is a schematic view of a section in the B-B direction of a flue heat exchanger in the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the boiler of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present utility model;
FIGS. 6-4 are schematic perspective views of one embodiment of a core of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIGS. 6-5 are schematic perspective views of one embodiment of a front end plate of a core of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIGS. 6-6 are schematic perspective views of one embodiment of a back end plate of a core of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIGS. 6-7 are schematic structural views of one embodiment of a core heat exchange tube in a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a liquid collection device in the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
FIGS. 8a and 8b are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a guide vane;
FIG. 8-1 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a liquid collection device;
FIG. 8-2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a liquid collection device;
8-3 are schematic structural views of another embodiment of a liquid collection device in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model;
8-4 are schematic structural views of one embodiment of an air lift cap of a liquid collection device;
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a desulfurizing tower and a spray tower in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1, a boiler;
1-1 boiler fuel inlet;
1-2 a boiler air supply inlet;
1-3 boiler flue gas outlets;
1-4 boiler steam outlets;
1-5 boiler working medium water inlets;
15 a low-temperature economizer;
15-1 a flue gas inlet of the low-temperature economizer;
15-2 a flue gas outlet of the low-temperature economizer;
15-3 working medium water inlet of low-temperature economizer;
15-4 working medium water outlet of low-temperature economizer;
2 an air preheater;
2-1 an air preheater flue gas inlet;
2-2 an air preheater flue gas outlet;
2-3 air supply inlet of air preheater;
2-4 air supply outlets of the air preheater;
22 flue heat exchanger;
a flue gas inlet of a 22-1 flue heat exchanger;
a flue gas outlet of the 22-2 flue heat exchanger;
22-3 air supply inlet of flue heat exchanger;
22-4 flue heat exchanger air supply outlet;
22-0 flue heat exchanger shell;
22-5 flue heat exchanger cores;
22-3-1 core front end plate;
22-4-1 core back end plate;
22-5-1 core heat exchange tubes;
22-3-1-1 core front end plate through holes;
22-4-1-1 core back end plate through holes;
22-5-2 core air supply channels;
22-5-3 core smoke channels;
22-3-2 flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows;
22-4-2 flue heat exchanger air supply outlet bellows;
6 a desulfurizing tower;
6-1 of a desulfurizing tower body;
6-2 slurry circulation pump;
6-3 slurry tanks;
6-4 flue gas outlets of the desulfurizing tower;
6-5 flue gas inlets of the desulfurizing tower;
6-6, a desulfurizing tower spraying device;
7, a chimney;
8, an air blower;
8-1 blower inlet;
8-2 and an air supply outlet of the blower;
12 a spray tower;
12-1 a flue gas inlet of a spray tower;
12-2 a flue gas outlet of the spray tower;
12-3 a spray tower heating medium water inlet;
12-4 a spray tower heating medium water outlet;
12-5 a spray tower water receiving device;
12-6 spraying tower water distribution device;
12-7 liquid collecting devices;
12-8 of a liquid collecting chassis;
12-9 liters of air pipes;
12-10 liters of air cap;
12-11 vent holes;
12-12 swirlers;
12-13 liter gas channels;
12-14 water blocking edges;
12-15 demisting pipes;
12-16 filler layers;
25 steam turbines;
25-1 steam inlet of steam turbine;
25-2 steam turbine steam outlets;
25-5 high-pressure steam extraction outlet of steam turbine;
25-3 a first low pressure extraction outlet of the steam turbine;
25-4 low-pressure steam extraction outlet of steam turbine;
27, a condenser;
27-1 condenser steam inlet;
27-2 working medium water outlets of the condenser;
26, a condensate pump;
26-1 condensate pump inlet;
26-2 condensate pump outlet;
29 low pressure heater;
29-1 working medium water inlet of low-pressure heater;
29-2 working medium water outlet of low-pressure heater;
29-3 a low pressure heater extraction inlet;
a 30 deaerator;
30-1 working medium water inlet of deaerator;
30-2 working medium water outlet of deaerator;
32 a water feed pump;
32-1 feed pump inlet;
32-2 a feed pump outlet;
31 high pressure heater;
31-1 working medium water inlet of high-pressure heater;
31-2 working medium water outlet of high-pressure heater;
31-3 a high pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
28 a first low pressure heater;
28-1 a first low pressure heater working fluid water inlet;
28-2 a first low pressure heater working fluid water outlet;
28-3 first low pressure heater steam extraction inlet
90-absorption heat pump;
91-an evaporator;
91-1 low temperature heat source inlet of evaporator;
91-2 low temperature heat source outlet of evaporator;
91-3 evaporator refrigerant water inlet;
91-4 evaporator refrigerant vapor outlet;
92-absorber;
92-1 absorber cold water inlet;
a 92-2 absorber cold water outlet;
92-3 absorber refrigerant vapor inlet;
92-4 absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet;
92-5 absorber lean absorbent solution outlet;
93-generator;
93-1 generator high temperature heat source inlet;
93-2 generator high temperature heat source outlet;
93-3 generator lean absorbent solution inlet;
93-4 generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet;
93-5 generator refrigerant vapor outlet;
94-a condenser;
94-1 condenser cooling water inlet;
94-2 condenser cooling water outlet
94-3 condenser refrigerant vapor inlet;
94-4 condenser refrigerant water outlet;
80 a first supply air heater;
80-1 a first supply air heater supply air inlet;
80-2 a first supply air heater supply air outlet;
80-3 a first air supply heater heating medium water inlet;
80-4 a first air supply heater heating medium water outlet;
100 air supply heaters;
100-1 air supply inlet of air supply heater;
100-2 air supply outlets of air supply heaters;
100-3 a cold water inlet of an air supply heater;
100-4 cold water outlets of the air supply heater;
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system includes: a boiler 1, a low-temperature economizer 15, an air preheater 2, a flue heat exchanger 22, a desulfurizing tower 6, a chimney 7, a blower 8, a steam turbine 25, a condenser 27, a condensate pump 26, a first low-pressure heater 28, a low-pressure heater 29, a deaerator 30, a feed pump 32, and a high-pressure heater 31; wherein,,
The boiler 1 is provided with a fuel inlet 1-1, a boiler air supply inlet 1-2, a boiler flue gas outlet 1-3, a boiler steam outlet 1-4 and a boiler working medium water inlet 1-5;
the low-temperature economizer 15 is provided with a low-temperature economizer flue gas inlet 15-1, a low-temperature economizer flue gas outlet 15-2, a low-temperature economizer working medium water inlet 15-3 and a low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4;
the air preheater 2 is provided with an air preheater flue gas inlet 2-1, an air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2, an air preheater air supply inlet 2-3 and an air preheater air supply outlet 2-4;
the flue heat exchanger 22 is provided with a flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1, a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 22-2, a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3 and a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet 22-4; the flue heat exchanger 22 is a gas-gas heat exchanger;
the desulfurizing tower 6 includes: a desulfurizing tower body 6-1 and a slurry circulating pump 6-2; the bottom of the desulfurizing tower body 6-1 is provided with a slurry pool 6-3; the lower part of the desulfurizing tower body 6-1 is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet 6-5, and the upper part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4; a desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 is arranged between the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet 6-5 and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4, the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry circulating pump 6-2, and the slurry circulating pump 6-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry pool 6-3; optionally, a desulfurizing tower demister 6-7 is arranged between the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4;
The blower 8 is provided with a blower inlet 8-1 and a blower outlet 8-2;
the steam turbine 25 is provided with a steam turbine steam inlet 25-1, a steam turbine steam outlet 25-2, a steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet 25-5, a steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet 25-4 and a steam turbine first low-pressure steam extraction outlet 25-3;
the condenser 27 is provided with a condenser steam inlet 27-1 and a condenser working medium water outlet 27-2;
the condensate pump 26 is provided with a condensate pump inlet 26-1 and a condensate pump outlet 26-2;
the first low-pressure heater 28 is provided with a first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 28-1, a first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 28-2 and a first low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet 28-3; the low-pressure heater 29 is provided with a low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 29-1, a low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 29-2 and a low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet 29-3;
the deaerator 30 is provided with a deaerator working medium water inlet 30-1 and a deaerator working medium water outlet 30-2;
the feed pump 32 is provided with a feed pump inlet 32-1 and a feed pump outlet 32-2;
the high-pressure heater 31 is provided with a high-pressure heater working medium water inlet 31-1, a high-pressure heater working medium water outlet 31-2 and a high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet 31-3;
The boiler flue gas outlet 1-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the air preheater flue gas inlet 2-1; the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the low-temperature economizer flue gas inlet 15-1; the low-temperature economizer flue gas outlet 15-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1; the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower; the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney 7;
the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air inlet 2-3 of the air preheater; the air preheater air supply outlet 2-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler air supply inlet 1-2;
the air feeder 8 is arranged on an air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger or the air supply outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger; in this embodiment, the blower 8 is disposed on a blower channel directly or indirectly connected to the blower inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger, and the blower outlet 8-2 is directly or indirectly connected to the blower inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger;
The boiler steam outlet 1-4 communicates directly or indirectly with the turbine steam inlet 25-1; the steam turbine steam outlet 25-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser steam inlet 27-1; the condenser working medium water outlet 27-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the condensate pump inlet 26-1; the condensate pump outlet 26-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the first low pressure heater working fluid water inlet 28-1; the first low-pressure heater working fluid water outlet 28-2 is simultaneously communicated with the low-pressure heater working fluid water inlet 29-1 and the low-temperature economizer working fluid water inlet 15-3 directly or indirectly; the low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 29-2 and the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 are directly or indirectly communicated with the deaerator working medium water inlet 30-1; the deaerator working medium water outlet 30-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the water feed pump inlet 32-1; the water feed pump outlet 32-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet 31-1 of the high-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater working medium water outlet 31-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet 1-5; the first low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet 28-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the first low-pressure steam extraction outlet 25-3 of the steam turbine (in practical application, the first low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet 28-3 may also be directly or indirectly communicated with other heat sources); the low-pressure heater extraction inlet 29-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the turbine low-pressure extraction outlet 25-4; the high-pressure heater extraction inlet 31-3 is in direct or indirect communication with the turbine high-pressure extraction outlet 25-5.
The gas-gas heat exchanger exchanges heat with the low-temperature gas (air supply in the embodiment) through the pipe wall or the plate wall of the heat exchanger by the high-temperature gas (flue gas in the embodiment).
The working process is as follows:
fuel is sent into a hearth of the boiler 1 through a boiler fuel inlet 1-1, an air blower 8 sends air into the hearth of the boiler 1 through an air supply channel of a flue heat exchanger 22, an air supply channel of an air preheater 2 and the boiler air supply inlet 1-2, the fuel burns to release heat, and flue gas generated by combustion flows out of the boiler 1 through a boiler flue gas outlet 1-3; then the flue gas is sent into the air preheater 2 through the flue gas inlet 2-1 of the air preheater, the air supplied by the blower is heated, and the flue gas and the air supplied are subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction and then flow out of the air preheater 2 through the flue gas outlet 2-2 of the air preheater; then enters a flue gas channel of the low-temperature economizer 15 through a flue gas inlet 15-1 of the low-temperature economizer, exchanges heat with working medium water in a working medium water channel of the low-temperature economizer 15, and flows out of the low-temperature economizer 15 through a flue gas outlet 15-2 of the low-temperature economizer; the flue gas from the flue gas outlet 15-2 of the low-temperature economizer directly or indirectly through other equipment (such as a dust remover or/and a draught fan) enters the flue gas channel of the flue heat exchanger 22 through the flue gas inlet 22-1 of the flue heat exchanger to heat the air supply flowing through the air supply channel of the flue heat exchanger; the flue gas flows out of the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger after being cooled, and then directly flows into the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower or indirectly flows into the desulfurizing tower 6 through other equipment (such as a dust remover or/and a draught fan);
The flue gas enters the desulfurizing tower 6 from the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet 6-5 and flows through the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6, the optional desulfurizing tower demister 6-7 and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4 from bottom to top, the desulfurizing slurry in the slurry tank 6-3 enters the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 under the driving of the slurry circulating pump 6-2, the desulfurizing tower spraying device 6-6 sprays the desulfurizing slurry into the flue gas from top to bottom, the flue gas and the desulfurizing slurry exchange heat and transfer mass in a countercurrent manner, the flue gas is optionally defogged through the desulfurizing tower demister 6-7 in a saturated state or a nearly saturated state after being exchanged and desulfurized, flows out of the desulfurizing tower 6 through the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4 and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 7.
The air supply enters a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3 through an air supply outlet 8-2 under the drive of an air supply blower 8 and flows through a flue heat exchanger air supply channel, the air supply and the flue gas absorb the flue gas waste heat through heat exchange to rise in temperature, then flows out of the flue heat exchanger 22 through a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet 22-4, then enters an air preheater 2 through an air preheater air supply inlet 2-3, is further heated and raised in temperature by the flue gas from a boiler flue gas outlet 1-3, flows out of the air preheater 2 through an air preheater air supply outlet 2-4, and then enters a boiler hearth through a boiler air supply inlet 1-2;
The high-temperature steam generated by the combustion of the boiler 1 is subjected to work in a steam turbine 25, the pressure and the temperature are reduced, the high-temperature steam is discharged into the condenser 27 through a steam turbine steam outlet 25-2 and a condenser working medium water inlet 27-1, the high-temperature steam is cooled by the condenser 27 and condensed into working medium water (condensed water) which flows out of the condenser 27 through a condenser working medium water outlet 27-2, the working medium water enters a first low-pressure heater 28 through a first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 28-1 under the driving of a condensed water pump 26, the working medium water is heated and flows out of the first low-pressure heater 28 and then is split, a part of working medium water is sent into the low-pressure heater 29 through a low-pressure heater working medium water inlet 29-1, the working medium water is heated and heated in the low-pressure heater 29 by using the extraction steam from a steam turbine low-pressure extraction outlet 25-4, and the working medium water after the temperature rise flows out of the low-pressure heater 29 through the low-pressure heater working medium water outlet 29-2; part of working medium water is directly or indirectly sent to a working medium water inlet 15-3 of the low-temperature economizer (such as a heater, a water pump, a buffer water tank and the like) through other equipment, enters the low-temperature economizer 15, absorbs waste heat of flue gas through heat exchange to raise the temperature of the working medium water and the flue gas, and flows out of the low-temperature economizer 15 through a working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer; working medium water from the working medium water outlet 29-2 of the low-pressure heater and the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer respectively is sent to the deaerator 30 for deaeration, and the deaerated working medium water is sent to the working medium water inlet 31-1 of the high-pressure heater to enter the high-pressure heater 31 under the driving of the water feed pump 32; the working medium water is heated in the high-pressure heater 31 by utilizing the extraction steam from the high-pressure extraction steam outlet 25-5 of the steam turbine, the working medium water after the temperature rise flows out of the high-pressure heater 31 through the working medium water outlet 31-2 of the high-pressure heater, and then all or part of the working medium water is sent into the boiler 1 through the working medium water inlet 1-5 of the boiler; the fuel from the boiler fuel inlet 1-1 and the air from the boiler air inlet 1-2 generate combustion reaction to release heat, heat the working medium water from the boiler working medium water inlet 1-5 and generate high-temperature steam, and the high-temperature steam is sent to the steam turbine 26 through the boiler steam outlet 1-4 to continuously do work, and the cycle is performed.
The flue gas from the boiler flue gas outlet 1-3 is heated and supplied by the air preheater 2, then is supplied to the low-temperature economizer 15 to heat working medium water, and then is supplied to the flue heat exchanger 22 to heat and supply air.
The air supply which is heated by the flue heat exchanger 2 and has the temperature increased is sent to the hearth of the boiler 1 after being further heated by the air preheater 2, so that the combustion efficiency of the boiler 1 can be further improved, and the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered and sent to the hearth of the boiler 1, thereby equivalently saving the fuel consumption and realizing the efficient utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas. Because the air preheater 2 has higher heat exchange efficiency, and the flow rate and heat capacity of the flue gas flowing through the air preheater 2 are far greater than those of the air supplied through the air preheater 2, the temperature difference (end difference) between the flue gas temperature of the flue gas inlet 2-1 of the air preheater and the air supply temperature of the air supply outlet 2-4 of the air preheater is small. In general, the increase of the air supply temperature of the air inlet 2-3 of the air preheater results in less increase of the air supply temperature of the air outlet 2-4 of the air preheater, that is, less heat is finally sent to the boiler furnace through the increase of the air supply temperature of the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger, most of the heat is converted into heat energy of flue gas of the flue gas outlet of the air preheater, and as the flue gas amount is unchanged, the heat energy is converted into heat equivalent flue gas temperature increase, the flue gas temperature of the flue gas inlet 15-1 of the low-temperature economizer is increased, and the working medium water temperature of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer can also be increased. Therefore, part of the low-temperature flue gas waste heat from the low-temperature economizer flue gas outlet 15-2 can be sent into the hearth of the boiler 1 for high-efficiency utilization through the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2, and the other part of the low-temperature flue gas waste heat is converted into the working medium water high-temperature heat energy of the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 with higher temperature, so that the utilization value and the utilization efficiency are greatly improved.
The flue gas from the boiler flue gas outlet 1-3 passes through the air preheater 2, the low-temperature economizer 15 and the flue heat exchanger 22 in sequence to recycle the flue gas waste heat, and firstly, the recycled flue gas waste heat is sent into the boiler hearth to realize high-efficiency utilization, the rest flue gas waste heat is used for heating working medium water at the side of the steam turbine, and the low-temperature flue gas waste heat which is difficult to directly utilize at the outlet of the low-temperature economizer 15 is used for heating and supplying air to be converted into high-grade heat energy, so that the high-efficiency recycling and high-efficiency utilization of the flue gas waste heat are realized.
Due to the air supply temperature rise of the air supply inlet 2-3 of the air preheater and the smoke temperature rise of the smoke outlet 2-2 of the air preheater, the problems of low-temperature corrosion and the like of the cold end of the air preheater can be effectively solved, and the old and difficult problems of deposition blockage of ammonium bisulfate and the like of the air preheater 2 can be effectively solved: at present, most boiler units are provided with a denitration system, when the boiler load is low and the flue gas temperature is low, the efficiency of the denitration system is reduced, the ammonia spraying amount is required to be increased, and excessive ammonia gas reacts with sulfide in the flue gas to generate ammonium bisulfate. As the temperature of the flue gas in the air preheater gradually decreases, ammonium bisulfate changes from a gaseous state to a nasal mucus state in the air preheater 2 to adhere to dust, and when the temperature decreases below the solidification point temperature of the ammonium bisulfate, the ammonium bisulfate is deposited on heat exchange elements of the air preheater 2, thereby causing corrosion and blockage of the air preheater 2 and seriously affecting the operation of the air preheater. The system improves the air supply temperature of the air supply inlet 2-3 of the air preheater, and the smoke temperature of the smoke outlet 2-2 of the air preheater, namely the comprehensive temperature of the tail section (smoke outflow section) of the air preheater, so that the problems of corrosion and blockage of the air preheater 2 caused by ammonium bisulfate can be effectively avoided. The method can be used for improving the flexibility of the thermal power plant, reducing the lowest stable load of the unit and improving the peak shaving capacity.
The working medium water from the first low-pressure heater 28 is heated by using the flue gas waste heat in the low-temperature economizer 15, so that steam extraction of a steam turbine for heating the working medium water in the conventional technology can be saved. The part of the extracted steam can return to the steam turbine to do work and generate electricity, and can also be extracted to supply heat to the outside. Therefore, the power generation coal consumption is reduced, the power generation capacity, the heat supply capacity and the thermoelectric ratio of the steam turbine are improved, the lowest steam inlet flow of the low-pressure cylinder can be reduced, and the peak regulation capacity and the flexibility of the unit are improved. In addition, the low-grade flue gas waste heat is converted into high-grade flue gas heat of the flue gas inlet 15-1 of the low-temperature economizer, so that the steam extraction of a high-stage steam turbine with higher temperature can be saved, and the working capacity of the steam with the same heat but high temperature in the steam turbine is high according to the steam turbine principle, so that the heat utilization efficiency is high, and the energy saving efficiency is greatly improved.
The boiler is also provided with an economizer, and the boiler working medium water inlets 1-5 may be working medium water inlets (not shown in the figure) of said economizer.
The low-pressure heater 29 is a one-stage or multi-stage low-pressure heater (one stage is shown in the figure); the high-pressure heater 31 is a one-stage or multi-stage high-pressure heater (one stage is shown in the figure); the first low pressure heater 28 is a one-stage or multi-stage first low pressure heater (one stage is shown); the high-pressure steam extraction outlet 25-5 of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage (one stage is shown in the figure); the low pressure extraction outlet 25-4 of the turbine is one or more stages (one stage is shown).
In general, the steam turbine is used for driving the generator to generate electricity, so that the efficiency or the working capacity of the steam turbine is improved, and the electricity generation coal consumption or the electricity supply coal consumption can be reduced.
The utility model adopts the gas-gas heat exchanger, which has the following advantages: 1. the flue gas exchanges heat with the air supply through the pipe wall or the plate wall of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange temperature difference is large so as to improve the efficiency; 2. when the pipe wall or the plate wall of the heat exchanger leaks, leakage between the flue gas side and the air supply side has little influence on the system operation, and no problem expansion is caused.
Optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan (not shown in the figure) is connected in series on the flue gas channel between the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet 6-5 of the desulfurizing tower. The flue heat exchanger may be connected in series at any position of the flue gas channel between the air preheater and the desulfurizing tower. The dust remover can remove part of dust in the flue gas; the induced draft fan is used for sucking the flue gas in the boiler furnace and sending the flue gas to a chimney.
Optionally, the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 is also in communication with a hot user (not shown in the figures).
Optionally, a first desulfurizing tower (not shown in the figure) is connected in series on a flue which is directly or indirectly communicated with the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-5 or the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet 6-4;
Optionally, the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 is in communication with the deaerator working medium water inlet 30-1 through a second low-pressure heater (not shown in the figures);
optionally, a bypass water pump or/and a buffer water tank (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet 15-3 of the low-temperature economizer. Wherein the bypass water pump is used for driving working medium water into the low-temperature economizer 15; the buffer water tank provides buffer capacity for the bypass water pump, so that the operation safety of the bypass water pump is ensured;
optionally, the flue heat exchanger 22 is a tube heat exchanger or a plate-tube hybrid heat exchanger.
Fig. 1-1 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 1-1, the difference from fig. 1 is that the blower 8 is disposed on a blower channel in which the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly connected, the air outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly connected to the air inlet 8-1 of the blower, and the air outlet 8-2 of the blower is directly or indirectly connected to the air inlet 2-3 of the air preheater.
The working process is as follows:
the air supply enters the air supply channel of the flue heat exchanger 22 through the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue heat exchanger under the drive of the air blower 8, the air supply and the flue gas absorb the waste heat of the flue gas through heat exchange to rise in temperature, then flow out of the flue heat exchanger 22 through the air supply outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger, then enter the air preheater 2 through the air supply channel of the air blower and the air supply inlet 2-3 of the air preheater, are heated and warmed up further by the flue gas from the flue gas outlet 1-3 of the boiler, then flow out of the air preheater 2 through the air supply outlet 2-4 of the air preheater, and then enter the boiler hearth through the air supply inlet 1-2 of the boiler. Other working principles are the same as those of fig. 1, and will not be described again.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of fig. 1, a spray tower 12 is connected in series between the desulfurizing tower 6 and the chimney 7; an air supply heater 100 is arranged on an air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet 8-1 of the air supply machine;
the spray tower 12 is provided with a spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1, a spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2, a spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3 and a spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4. The bottom of the spray tower is provided with a spray tower water receiving device 12-5. A spray tower water distribution device 12-6 is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1 and the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2. The spray tower water distribution device 12-6 is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3, and the spray tower water receiving device 12-5 is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4;
the air supply heater 100 is provided with an air supply heater air supply inlet 100-1, an air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2, an air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3 and an air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4;
the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 12-1 of the spraying tower; the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney 7; the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply heater heating medium water inlet 100-3; the air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3;
The air supply channel of the air supply heater 100 is connected in series with the air channel directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet 8-1 or the air supply outlet 8-2 of the air supply device; the air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2 communicates directly or indirectly with the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3. The air supply channel of the air supply heater 100 of this embodiment is connected in series with the air channel directly or indirectly connected to the air supply inlet 8-1 of the blower.
The working process is as follows:
the desulfurized saturated or nearly saturated flue gas enters the spray tower 12 through the spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1. The heat medium water from the air supply heater 100 is conveyed to the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 through the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3, the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 distributes the heat medium water into the flue gas, the flue gas and the heat medium water are subjected to mixed heat exchange in the spray tower 12, the saturated flue gas is further cooled, dehumidified and washed, and then the saturated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2 and the chimney 7.
The heat medium water from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly sent to the air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3, enters the heat medium water channel of the air supply heater 100, and the air supply (air) enters the air supply channel of the air supply heater 100 through the air supply heater air supply inlet 100-1 under the drive of the air supply blower 8, and the temperature of the heat medium water in the air supply heater 100 heat the air supply channel of the air supply heater 100 is reduced after the air supply, and then flows out through the air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4, returns to the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3 for recycling. The air with the increased temperature flows out through the air supply outlet 100-2 of the air supply heater and then is sent to the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2 in sequence, and is sent to the hearth of the boiler 1 after further heating.
A part of heat transferred to the air supply through the air supply heater 100 enters a hearth of the boiler 1 to realize high-efficiency utilization, and the other part of heat is converted into the heat of the air at the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2, namely the flue gas at the low-temperature economizer flue gas inlet 15-1, and the heat is converted into the rise of the flue gas temperature due to the fact that the flue gas flow of the air preheater flue gas outlet 2-2 is unchanged, so that the temperature and/or the heat of working medium water at the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 are raised, and the low-grade heat energy of the desulfurized saturated flue gas is partially sent to the hearth of the boiler 1 to be efficiently utilized through the spray tower 12, the air supply heater 100 and the air preheater 2, and the other part of heat energy is converted into high-grade water heat energy of the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4, so that the utilization value and the utilization efficiency of heat energy are greatly improved.
The flue gas from the boiler flue gas outlet 1-3 sequentially passes through the air preheater 2, the low-temperature economizer 15, the flue heat exchanger 22 and the spray tower 12 in a cascade manner to recycle the flue gas waste heat, and firstly, the recycled flue gas waste heat is fed into a boiler hearth to realize the most efficient utilization, the rest flue gas waste heat is used for heating working medium water at the side of a steam turbine, and the low-grade flue gas waste heat which is difficult to directly utilize at the low-temperature economizer flue gas outlet 15-2 and the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is used for progressively heating and supplying air to be converted into high-grade heat energy, so that the efficient recovery and the efficient utilization of the flue gas waste heat are realized.
The pollutants in the flue gas such as residual desulfurization slurry, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, fine dust (such as PM 2.5), heavy metals and the like can be further removed through the washing of the large flow and full coverage of the heat medium water; the temperature and the humidity of the flue gas are reduced, and the condensable particles in the flue gas are reduced; the fine mist droplets formed by condensing the water vapor in the flue gas are used as condensation nuclei, and other fine particles can be condensed by condensation to form large particles, so that the removal efficiency is improved; the humidity of the smoke is reduced, the local atmospheric environment can be improved, the possibility of forming aerosol and haze is reduced, and the smoke plume phenomenon of the chimney is further weakened, so that the purpose of whitening the chimney is realized.
In addition, part of water in the saturated flue gas is condensed and separated out, so that the effect of water recovery can be achieved, the part of water is condensed water without chloride ions, after the condensed water is recovered to a system, process water supplementing can be reduced, when the process water contains the chloride ions, the intake of the chloride ions can be reduced, and the treatment cost and the discharge of waste water are reduced, so that further energy and water conservation and discharge reduction of flue gas pollutants and water pollution are realized.
Because the flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is desulfurized and dedusted to reach a higher emission standard, the condensed water of the flue gas in the spray tower 12 has higher water quality, and can be sent to the outside of the system for use, and the water balance of the desulfurizing tower 6 is not influenced. As the saturated flue gas temperature at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is lower, near-zero end difference heat exchange can be realized by adopting mixed heat exchange, and the recovery amount of flue gas waste heat is increased.
The blast heater 100 has self-adapting, self-adjusting capability for stack plume abatement: when the ambient temperature is low, smoke plume phenomenon is aggravated, and the diffusion of smoke pollutants at the outlet of the chimney is worsened; meanwhile, the air temperature of the air supply inlet 100-1 of the air supply heater is low, the cooling capacity of the air supply heater 100 to the heat medium water is improved, the temperature of the air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-3 is reduced, the condensation cooling of the heat medium water to the smoke in the spray tower 12 is increased, the smoke plume regulating effect of the chimney is enhanced, and pollutants in the smoke are reduced. And vice versa. When the atmospheric humidity increases, the diffusion of the smoke pollutants at the outlet of the chimney becomes worse, the smoke plume phenomenon is aggravated, meanwhile, the air humidity increases, the specific heat capacity increases, the cooling capacity of the air supply heater 100 to the heat medium water increases, the temperature of the air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4 decreases, the condensation cooling of the smoke is increased, the smoke plume regulating effect of the chimney is enhanced, and the pollutants in the smoke are reduced. And vice versa.
The number of the spray tower heating medium water outlets 12-4 can be one or more; the spray tower heating medium water inlet 12-3 may be one or more.
The air supply channel of the air supply heater 100 may be connected in series to an air duct directly or indirectly connected to the air supply outlet of the blower, and the air supply inlet 100-1 of the air supply heater may be directly or indirectly connected to the air supply outlet 8-2 of the blower. The advantage of this approach is that it has little impact on the output and efficiency of the blower 8, but the increased air temperature at the blower outlet 8-2 due to the blower pressurization reduces the amount of heat transferred to the air by the air heater 100.
Optionally, a spray tower demister (not shown in the figure) is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 and the chimney 7;
optionally, a packing layer (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device. The packing layer can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat medium water and the flue gas, and can realize countercurrent heat exchange of the heat medium water and the flue gas, and improve the water outlet temperature and the heat energy quality of the heat medium water;
optionally, a heat medium water circulation pump and/or a heat medium water tank (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 or the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3. The heat medium water circulating pump is used for providing flowing power for the heat medium water, and the heat medium water tank is used for ensuring the operation safety of the heat medium water pump.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 3, on the basis of fig. 1, a spray tower 12 and an absorption heat pump 90 are also provided;
the spray tower 12 is provided with a spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1, a spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2, a spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3 and a spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4. The bottom of the spray tower is provided with a spray tower water receiving device 12-5. A spray tower water distribution device 12-6 is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1 and the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2. The spray tower water distribution device 12-6 is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3, and the spray tower water receiving device 12-5 is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4. And the heat medium water is scattered into the flue gas through the spray tower water distribution device 12-6, and the flue gas and the heat medium water are subjected to mixed heat exchange.
The absorption heat pump 90 includes an evaporator 91, an absorber 92, a generator (also referred to as a regenerator) 93, and a condenser 94; the evaporator 91 is provided with an evaporator low temperature heat source inlet 91-1, an evaporator low temperature heat source outlet 91-2, an evaporator refrigerant water inlet 91-3 and an evaporator refrigerant water vapor outlet 91-4; the absorber 92 is provided with an absorber cold water inlet 92-1, an absorber cold water outlet 92-2, an absorber refrigerant water vapor inlet 92-3, an absorber rich absorbent inlet 92-4, and an absorber lean absorbent outlet 92-5; the generator 93 is provided with a generator high temperature heat source inlet 93-1, a generator high temperature heat source outlet 93-2, a generator lean absorbent inlet 93-3, a generator rich absorbent outlet 93-4 and a generator refrigerant water vapor outlet 93-5; the condenser 94 is provided with a condenser cooling water inlet 94-1, a condenser cooling water outlet 94-2, a condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet 94-3, and a condenser refrigerant water outlet 94-4.
The evaporator refrigerant water inlet 91-3 communicates directly or indirectly with the condenser refrigerant water outlet 94-4; the evaporator refrigerant vapor outlet 91-4 communicates directly or indirectly with the absorber refrigerant vapor inlet 92-3; the absorber rich absorbent inlet 92-4 communicates directly or indirectly with the generator rich absorbent outlet 93-4; the absorber lean absorbent outlet 92-5 is in direct or indirect communication with the generator lean absorbent inlet 93-3; the generator refrigerant vapor outlet 93-5 communicates directly or indirectly with the condenser refrigerant vapor inlet 94-3. The absorber cold water outlet 92-2 communicates directly or indirectly with the condenser cold water inlet 94-1; the absorption heat pump 90 constitutes a first type of absorption heat pump, i.e. a heat-increasing type of absorption heat pump;
The spray tower 12 is connected in series with a flue gas channel between the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower and the chimney 7; the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet 12-1 of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet 12-2 of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney 7;
the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the evaporator low temperature heat source inlet 91-1; the low-temperature heat source outlet 91-2 of the evaporator is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3;
the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer is directly or indirectly communicated with the high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1 of the generator; the high-temperature heat source outlet 93-2 of the generator is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet 15-3 of the low-temperature economizer;
the working process is as follows:
the desulfurized saturated or nearly saturated flue gas enters the spray tower 12 through the spray tower flue gas inlet 12-1. The heat medium water from the low-temperature heat source outlet 91-2 of the evaporator is conveyed to the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 through the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3, the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 distributes the heat medium water into the flue gas, the flue gas and the heat medium water are subjected to mixed heat exchange in the spray tower 12, the saturated flue gas is further cooled, dehumidified and washed, and then the saturated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2 and the chimney 7.
The sensible heat of flue gas, the vaporization latent heat of water vapor condensation and the temperature after the reaction heat in the desulfurization process are absorbed by the heat medium water in the spray tower 12, and the heat medium water is directly or indirectly sent to the low-temperature heat source inlet 91-1 of the evaporator through the heat medium water outlet 12-4 of the spray tower after being collected by the water receiving device 12-5 of the spray tower.
The heat medium water from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 enters the heat exchange tube in the evaporator 91 through the low temperature heat source inlet 91-1 of the evaporator, the evaporator 91 is in a low pressure (such as vacuum) state, the principle that the boiling point of water is low in the low pressure state is utilized, the refrigerant water conveyed by the condenser 94 absorbs the heat of the heat medium water in the heat exchange tube and then evaporates and cools the heat medium water, and meanwhile, the refrigerant water vapor generated by evaporation enters the absorber 92. The cooled heat medium water flows out of the absorption heat pump 90 through the low-temperature heat source outlet 91-2 of the evaporator, returns to the heat medium water inlet 12-3 of the spray tower and enters the water distribution device 12-6 of the spray tower for recycling.
Cold water from a hot user enters the heat transfer tubes of the absorber 92 through the absorber cold water inlet 92-1, and in the absorber 92, the strong water absorption of the lithium bromide concentrated solution (or other absorbent solution) is utilized, the water vapor from the evaporator 91 is absorbed by the concentrated solution from the evaporator 93, and heat is released, the solution temperature is raised, and the solution temperature can be higher than the heat medium water temperature from the spray tower 12. When the solution contacts with the heat transfer pipe of the absorber 92, the cold water in the heat transfer pipe is heated to realize the heat transfer from the low-grade heat of the heat medium water of the spray tower to the cold water, the temperature of the cold water is increased, and the temperature of the cold water can be higher than the temperature of the heat medium water at the low-temperature heat source inlet 91-1 of the evaporator. And then flows out through the absorber cold water outlet 92-2 and then enters the condenser cooling water inlet 94-1, and meanwhile, the lithium bromide concentrated solution is changed into a dilute solution and then is conveyed to the generator 93.
The working medium water with higher temperature from the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer is used as a high-temperature driving heat source, enters the generator 93 through the high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1 of the generator, the lithium bromide dilute solution from the absorber 92 in the generator 93 is heated and concentrated by the working medium water to be concentrated into a concentrated solution, then enters the absorber 92, the working medium water heats and concentrates the lithium bromide dilute solution and simultaneously generates refrigerant water vapor with higher temperature, and the refrigerant water vapor enters the condenser 94; after heat exchange and temperature reduction, the working medium water flows out of the absorption heat pump 90 through the high-temperature heat source outlet 93-2 of the generator and returns to the working medium water inlet 15-3 of the low-temperature economizer for recycling.
Cold water which is heated by the absorber 92 and is heated up from the absorber cold water outlet 92-2 is taken as cooling water, enters the condenser 94 through the condenser cooling water inlet 94-1, high-temperature refrigerant vapor from the generator 93 exchanges heat with the cooling water in the condenser 94 to release condensation latent heat and condense into refrigerant water, the cooling water absorbs heat and is heated up, and then flows out of the condenser 94 through the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 and is sent to a hot user for use; the refrigerant water after the condensation of the refrigerant water vapor enters the evaporator 91 to be evaporated, thus circulating.
The cold water from the hot user is heated by the absorber 92 and the condenser 94 in sequence, the heat of the cold water from the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 is equal to the sum of the heat input from the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4 through the evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet 91-1 and the heat input from the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 through the generator high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1, and the heating medium water low-temperature heat energy from the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4 is converted into heat energy with higher temperature. Thus forming a first type of absorption heat pump, namely a heat-increasing absorption heat pump. The cold water from the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 may be sent to a hot user, such as heating to the outside, etc.
According to the principle of the absorption heat pump, the high temperature drives the temperature of the heat source to rise within a certain range, so that the efficiency of the absorption heat pump can be improved. Therefore, the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2 can equally convert the low-temperature heat energy of the flue gas of the low-temperature economizer flue gas outlet 15-2 into the high-temperature heat energy of the working medium water of the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4, and further, the high-temperature working medium water of the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4 is used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90, so that the working efficiency of the absorption heat pump 90 can be improved, namely, the flue heat exchanger 22 can be utilized to recover the low-grade flue gas waste heat of the low-temperature economizer flue gas outlet 15-2, and can be converted into more quantity and higher-grade heat energy of the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet 15-4, and further, the high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90 is utilized to recover the low-grade flue gas waste heat of the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6.
In general, the saturated flue gas temperature of the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower is about 50 ℃, and the temperature of the heating medium water from the spray tower 12 is about 40 ℃ (low-temperature heat source); the cold water temperature at the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 of the absorption heat pump 90 can reach about 80 c (output heat energy). That is, the waste heat of the low-grade flue gas which is difficult to recycle after the heat exchange and the desulfurization of the spray tower heat medium water and the flue gas is utilized, the air supply heater 100, the air preheater 2 and the low-temperature economizer 15 are utilized to convert high-temperature heat energy (which can be adjusted according to the requirement) and serve as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90, the low-temperature heat energy of the heat medium water which is difficult to utilize and comes from the spray tower is converted into usable medium-temperature heat energy by utilizing the absorption heat pump and the high-temperature driving heat source, and the heat of cold water at the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 is equal to the sum of the heat of the working medium water coming from the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer and the heat of the heat medium water coming from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4, so that the increase of the usable heat is realized. Compared with the prior art that a high-temperature driving heat source with higher use value is adopted, all heat of the embodiment is from flue gas waste heat, the flue gas waste heat is recovered by the flue gas waste heat, the waste is treated by the waste, the waste is recovered by the waste, and the waste is turned into wealth, so that the flue gas waste heat recovery amount, the energy quality and the utilization efficiency are greatly improved, and the economical efficiency is greatly improved.
The heat medium water is cooled by the evaporator and then is sent to the spray tower 12 for mixed heat exchange of the flue gas. The pollutants in the flue gas such as residual desulfurization slurry, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, fine dust (such as PM 2.5), heavy metals and the like can be further removed through the washing of the large flow and full coverage of the heat medium water; the temperature and the humidity of the flue gas are reduced, and the condensable particles in the flue gas are reduced; the fine mist droplets formed by condensing the water vapor in the flue gas are used as condensation nuclei, and other fine particles can be condensed by condensation to form large particles, so that the removal efficiency is improved; the humidity of the smoke is reduced, the local atmospheric environment can be improved, the possibility of forming aerosol and haze is reduced, and the smoke plume phenomenon of the chimney is further weakened, so that the purpose of whitening the chimney is realized.
In addition, part of water in the saturated flue gas is condensed and separated out, so that the effect of water recovery can be achieved, the part of water is condensed water without chloride ions, after the condensed water is recovered to a system, process water supplementing can be reduced, when the process water contains the chloride ions, the intake of the chloride ions can be reduced, and the treatment cost and the discharge of waste water are reduced, so that further energy and water conservation and discharge reduction of flue gas pollutants and water pollution are realized.
Because the flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is desulfurized and dedusted to reach a higher emission standard, the condensed water of the flue gas in the spray tower 12 has higher water quality, and can be sent to the outside of the system for use, and the water balance of the desulfurizing tower 6 is not influenced. As the saturated flue gas temperature at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is lower, near-zero end difference heat exchange can be realized by adopting mixed heat exchange, and the recovery amount of flue gas waste heat is increased.
The emission of pollutants is fundamentally reduced while the recovery and utilization efficiency of the waste heat of the flue gas is improved, and the emission of carbon dioxide is included, so that the realization of a carbon neutralization target is facilitated.
Therefore, the embodiment realizes the high-efficiency recovery and the high-efficiency utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas, and simultaneously realizes the water conservation, the deep emission reduction of the flue gas, the near zero emission and the treatment of the flue gas plume.
The number of the spray tower heating medium water outlets 12-4 can be one or more; the spray tower heating medium water inlet 12-3 may be one or more.
Optionally, a spray tower demister (not shown in the figure) is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 and the chimney 7. The purpose is to further purify the flue gas entering the chimney through a spray tower demister.
Optionally, a heat medium water circulation pump and/or a heat medium water tank (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 or the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3. The heat medium water circulating pump provides flowing power for the heat medium water, and the heat medium water tank provides a heat medium water buffer space, so that the operation safety of the heat medium water pump is ensured.
Optionally, a high-temperature heat source water pump (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the high-temperature heat source channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet 93-1 or the generator high-temperature heat source outlet 93-2. The purpose is to provide flowing power for the high-temperature driving heat source through the high-temperature heat source water pump.
Optionally, the generator high temperature heat source outlet 93-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the low temperature economizer working medium water inlet 15-3 through a cooler (not shown in the figure); optionally, the cooler is a generator of other absorption heat pumps or other air supply heaters;
optionally, a cold water pump (not shown) is connected in series to a cold water channel directly or indirectly connected to the condenser cold water outlet 93-2 or the absorber cold water inlet 92-1;
optionally, a packing layer (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device. The packing layer can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat medium water and the flue gas, and can realize the countercurrent heat exchange of the heat medium water and the flue gas, and improve the water outlet temperature and the heat energy quality of the heat medium water;
optionally, a cold water reheater (not shown) is connected in series to the cold water channel in direct or indirect communication with the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 4, on the basis of fig. 3, the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system is further provided with a first air supply heater 80; the first air supply heater 80 is provided with a first air supply heater air supply inlet 80-1, a first air supply heater air supply outlet 80-2, a first air supply heater cold water inlet 80-3 and a first air supply heater cold water outlet 80-4; the air supply channel of the first air supply heater 80 is connected in series with the air channel of the blower air supply inlet 8-1 or the blower air supply outlet 8-2 which is directly or indirectly communicated, and the air supply inlet 80-1 of the first air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; the first air supply heater air supply outlet 80-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3; the first supply air heater cold water inlet 80-3 communicates directly or indirectly with the condenser cold water outlet 94-2; the first supply air heater cold water outlet 80-4 communicates directly or indirectly with the absorber cold water inlet 92-1.
The working process is as follows:
the cold water from the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 is sent to the first air supply heater cold water inlet 80-3 to enter the first air supply heater 80 cold water channel, and after heating the air supply flowing through the first air supply heater 80 air supply channel, the air supply is sent back to the absorber cold water inlet 92-1 through the first air supply heater cold water outlet 80-4. The air supply enters the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2 in sequence under the drive of the blower 8, and enters the boiler 1 after being further heated. Other working processes are basically the same as those of fig. 3, and will not be described again.
Part of working medium water from the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer is used as a high-temperature driving heat source, the heat quantity is set as Qg, the heat quantity of the low-temperature heat source of low-temperature working medium water from the spray tower 12 is absorbed through the first type absorption heat pump 90, and the heat quantity is set as Q d The medium temperature heat converted into the condenser cooling water outlet 94-2 is set as Q Z According to the working principle of the first type of absorption heat pump, Q Z ＝Qg+Q d 。Q Z The heat is transferred to the air supply through the first air supply heater 80, then enters the air preheater 2 through the flue heat exchanger 22, and when the smoke temperature of the smoke outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is kept unchanged, part of the heat is sent to the boiler hearth to realize high-efficiency utilization, and the other part of the heat is converted into the smoke temperature of the smoke outlet 2-2 of the air preheater, namely the smoke inlet 15-1 of the low-temperature economizer, and the total heat is Q Z ＝Qg+Q d That is, by the absorption heat pump 90, the spray tower 12, the first air supply heater 80 and the air preheater 2 and utilizing the high-temperature driving heat source from the low-temperature economizer 15, part of low-grade heat energy of saturated flue gas which is difficult to utilize after desulfurization from the spray tower 12 is sent into a boiler furnace for high-efficiency utilization, and the other part of low-grade heat energy is converted into working medium water high-temperature heat energy of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer.
Optionally, a cold water pump (not shown) is provided on the cold water path through which the absorber cold water inlet 92-1 or the condenser cold water outlet 94-2 communicates directly or indirectly.
The first supply air heater 80 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 5, on the basis of fig. 3, the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system is further provided with an air supply heater 100; the air supply heater 100 is provided with an air supply heater air supply inlet 100-1, an air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2, an air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3 and an air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4; the air supply channel of the air supply heater 100 is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet 8-1 or the air supply outlet 8-2 of the air supply machine, and the air supply inlet 100-1 of the air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; when the first air supply heater 80 is provided, the air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2 communicates directly or indirectly with the first air supply heater air supply inlet 80-1; when the first air supply heater 80 is not provided, the air supply heater air supply outlet 100-2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3; the air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3 is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4; the air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4 is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3. The first blast heater 80 is not provided in this embodiment.
The working process is as follows:
the heat medium water from the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4 is directly or indirectly sent to the air supply heater heat medium water inlet 100-3, enters the heat medium water channel of the air supply heater 100, and the air supply (air) enters the air supply channel of the air supply heater 100 through the air supply heater air supply inlet 100-1 under the drive of the air supply blower 8, and the temperature of the heat medium water in the air supply heater 100 heat the air supply channel of the air supply heater 100 is reduced after the air supply, and then flows out through the air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4, returns to the spray tower heat medium water inlet 12-3 for recycling. The air with increased temperature is sent to the hearth of the boiler 1 through the air preheater air supply outlet 2-4 after being further heated by the first air supply heater 80 (if any), the flue heat exchanger 22 and the air preheater 2. When the smoke temperature of the smoke outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is kept unchanged, a part of heat transferred to the air supply through the air supply heater 100 enters a hearth of the boiler 1 to realize high-efficiency utilization, and the other part of heat is converted into the rise of the smoke temperature of the smoke inlet 15-1 of the low-temperature economizer, namely, the water heat and the quality of the working medium water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer are improved, and the utilization value and the utilization efficiency of heat energy can be improved.
Further, the heat energy carried by part of the working fluid water at the working fluid water outlet 15-4 of the low-temperature economizer is used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90 to be input into the generator 93 of the absorption heat pump, so that the low-temperature heat energy of the heating fluid water from the spray tower 12 can be recovered more, and the efficiency and external heat supply of the absorption heat pump 90 can be improved. Therefore, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat which is difficult to utilize after desulfurization can be recovered through mixed heat exchange of the spray tower and is converted into high-grade heat energy through the air supply heater 100 and the air preheater 2, so that the full recovery and the efficient utilization of the flue gas waste heat are realized, and the increase of the flue gas waste heat recovery amount and the improvement of the heat energy quality are realized. The spray tower 12, the air supply heater 100, the air preheater 2 and the low-temperature economizer 2 are used for conveying a part of the desulfurized low-grade flue gas waste heat into a boiler furnace to realize high-efficiency utilization, and the part of the desulfurized low-grade flue gas waste heat is converted into heat of high-temperature hot water and used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 90, so that the heat of the low-temperature heat source of the heat medium water from the spray tower 12 is further absorbed by the absorption heat pump 90 and is converted into usable heat energy with higher temperature, and the low-grade heat energy of the desulfurized flue gas is driven and absorbed by the low-grade heat energy from the desulfurized flue gas and is converted into usable heat energy with higher temperature. In general, the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 is about 50 ℃, the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater is about 120 ℃, the temperature of the air at the inlet of the air supply heater 100 is about 15 ℃, the temperature of the hot medium water can be increased to about 40 ℃ after the heat exchange between the spray tower 12 and the flue gas, and the temperature of the air supply can be increased to about 35 ℃ after the hot medium water is heated by the air supply heater 100. That is, the low-grade flue gas waste heat at about 50 ℃ at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower 6 can be partially sent into a boiler hearth to be efficiently utilized through the spray tower 12, the air supply heater 100, the air preheater 2 and the low-temperature economizer 15, and partially converted into high-grade flue gas heat at the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature economizer, so that the heat and quality of working medium water at the working medium water outlet 22-4 of the low-temperature economizer are improved, the recovery efficiency of the low-temperature heat of heat medium water of the spray tower 12 is further improved through the absorption heat pump 90, and the high-efficiency recovery of the low-grade flue gas waste heat and the conversion to high-grade heat energy are realized, and the recovery efficiency and the utilization efficiency of the flue gas waste heat are improved.
The blast heater 100 has self-adapting, self-adjusting capability for stack plume abatement: when the ambient temperature is low, smoke plume phenomenon is aggravated, and the diffusion of smoke pollutants at the outlet of the chimney is worsened; meanwhile, the air temperature of the air supply inlet 100-1 of the air supply heater is low, the cooling capacity of the air supply heater 100 to the heat medium water is improved, the temperature of the air supply heater heat medium water outlet 100-4 is reduced, the condensation cooling of the heat medium water to the smoke in the spray tower 12 is increased, the smoke plume regulating effect of the chimney is enhanced, and pollutants in the smoke are reduced. And vice versa. When the atmospheric humidity increases, the diffusion of the smoke pollutants at the outlet of the chimney becomes worse, the smoke plume phenomenon is aggravated, meanwhile, the air humidity increases, the specific heat capacity increases, the cooling capacity of the air supply heater 100 to the heat medium water increases, the temperature of the heat medium water at the heat medium water outlet 100-4 of the air supply heater decreases, the condensation cooling of the smoke is increased, the smoke plume regulating effect of the chimney is enhanced, and the pollutants in the smoke are reduced. And vice versa.
When the blower 8 is disposed on a blower path in direct or indirect communication with the flue gas heat exchanger blower inlet 22-3, the first blower heater 80 or the blower heater 100 may be disposed on the blower path between the blower outlet 8-2 and the flue heat exchanger blower inlet 22-3; alternatively, the first blower heater 80 or the blower heater 100 may be provided at the blower inlet 8-1. The former mode is characterized in that the temperature of the air supply is increased after the air supply is driven and pressurized by the air supply blower, and under the same condition, the heat transferred to the air supply by the heater is reduced, but the efficiency of the air supply blower is basically unchanged; the latter mode has the advantages that the inlet air temperature of the heater is low, and under the same conditions, the heater can transfer more heat to the air supply, but the power consumption of the air supply machine can be slightly increased; when the blower 8 is disposed on the air supply channel directly or indirectly connected to the air supply outlet 22-4 of the flue gas heat exchanger, the first air supply heater 80 or the air supply heater 100 is disposed on the air supply channel directly or indirectly connected to the air supply inlet 22-3 of the flue gas heat exchanger.
The air supply heater 100 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the flue heat exchanger 22 in the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
FIG. 6-1 is a schematic view of a cross section of a flue heat exchanger in the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the boiler of FIG. 1 in the direction A-A of the present utility model.
Fig. 6-2 is a vertical cross-sectional view through the axis of the flue heat exchanger in the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of fig. 1 according to the present utility model.
Fig. 6-3 are schematic cross-sectional views of the flue heat exchanger of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of fig. 1 in the direction B-B of the present utility model.
Fig. 6-4 are schematic perspective views of an embodiment of a core of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
Fig. 6-5 are schematic perspective views of an embodiment of a front end plate of a core of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the present utility model.
Fig. 6-6 are schematic perspective views of an embodiment of a core rear end plate of a flue heat exchanger in a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 6, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5, and 6-6, the flue heat exchanger 22 includes a flue heat exchanger housing 22-0; a rotatable flue heat exchanger core 22-5 is arranged in the flue heat exchanger shell 22-0; the flue heat exchanger core 22-5 includes a core front end plate 22-3-1 (which may be circular or oval), a core rear end plate 22-4-1 (which may be circular or oval), and a plurality of core heat exchange tubes 22-5-1; the core front end plate 22-3-1 is provided with a plurality of core front end plate through holes 22-3-1-1 (penetrating through the core front end plate), the core rear end plate 22-4-1 is correspondingly provided with core rear end plate through holes 22-4-1-1 (penetrating through the core rear end plate) (the number of the core rear end plate through holes 22-4-1-1 is equal to that of the core front end plate through holes 22-3-1-1), and the core rear end plate through holes 22-4-1-1 are basically symmetrical and can have a certain error in practical application); two ends of each core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 are respectively connected with the core front end plate through hole 22-3-1-1 and the corresponding core rear end plate through hole 22-4-1-1 (including that one end of the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 penetrates into or passes through or is in butt joint with the core front end plate through hole 22-3-1-1, and the other end of the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 penetrates into or passes through or is in butt joint with the core rear end plate through hole 22-4-1-1, and the following is the same); the center line of the front end plate of the core body and the center line of the rear end plate of the core body is taken as a center line, and the core body 22-5 of the flue heat exchanger can rotate by taking the center line as the core body axis of the flue heat exchanger; the inner flow passage of the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 forms a core air supply passage 22-5-2; the flow passages formed among the core front end plate 22-3-1, the core rear end plate 22-4-1, the outer surfaces of the plurality of core heat exchange tubes 22-5-1 and the flue heat exchanger shell are core flue gas passages 22-5-3.
A flue gas inlet 22-1 of the flue heat exchanger is arranged on one side surface of the flue gas heat exchanger shell 22-0 at the position of the core gas channel 22-5-3, and a flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger is arranged on the other side surface of the flue gas heat exchanger shell 22-0 at the position of the core gas channel 22-5-3 (namely, the side surface of the flue gas heat exchanger shell 22-1);
a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows 22-3-2 is arranged between the core front end plate 22-3-1 and the front end part of the flue heat exchanger shell 22-0; a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3 is arranged on the flue heat exchanger shell 22-0 at the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows 22-3-2; a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet bellows 22-4-2 is arranged between the core back end plate 22-4-1 and the back end part of the flue heat exchanger shell 22-0; the flue heat exchanger shell 22-0 at the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet bellows 22-4-2 is provided with a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet 22-4; the core air supply channel 22-5-2 sequentially passes through the core front end plate 22-3-1 and the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows 22-3-2 to be directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3; the core air supply channel 22-5-2 sequentially passes through the core rear end plate 22-4-1 and the air box 22-4-2 at the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger and is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply outlet 22-4 of the flue heat exchanger;
The working process is as follows:
the flue gas with higher temperature enters the core flue gas channel 22-5-3 of the flue heat exchanger through the flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1, the lower-temperature air supply passes through the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet 22-3 and the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows 22-3-2 in sequence, then passes through the core front end plate 22-3-1 and enters the core air supply channel 22-5-2, the flue gas outside the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 transfers heat to the air supply in the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1, and the flue gas flows out of the core flue gas channel 22-5-3 after heat exchange and temperature reduction and flows out of the flue heat exchanger 22 through the flue gas outlet 22-2 of the flue heat exchanger; after the air supply heat exchange and the temperature rise, the air flows out of the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1, namely the core air supply channel 22-5-2, and flows out of the flue heat exchanger 22 through the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box 22-4-2 and the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet 22-4 in sequence;
the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 with higher tube wall temperature for absorbing the heat of the flue gas in the high-temperature region of the flue gas rotates to the region with lower temperature of the flue gas along with the rotation of the core 22-5 of the flue heat exchanger and continuously exchanges heat with the air supply flowing in the tube to cool; meanwhile, the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 with lower tube wall temperature in the low temperature region of the flue gas is rotated to a region with higher flue gas temperature along with the rotation of the core 22-5 of the flue heat exchanger to exchange heat with the flue gas; and sequentially rotating and repeating the steps.
The adoption of the flue heat exchanger core body rotation heat exchange mode has the following advantages: 1. the service life of the heat exchanger is mainly determined by the heat exchange tube with the shortest service life in the heat exchanger. When the flue gas contains more dust, part of heat exchange tubes or part of heat exchange tubes are often severely worn by washing and abrasion for the conventional static heat exchanger core, so that the heat exchange tubes are worn and leaked, and the service life of the whole heat exchanger is reduced. According to the utility model, through the rotation of the core 22-5 of the flue heat exchanger, the scouring time and the scouring strength of the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 can be dispersed, so that the service life of the heat exchanger can be greatly prolonged; 2. the service life of the heat exchanger mainly determines the heat exchange tube with the shortest service life in the heat exchanger. When the flue gas temperature is lower, for the conventional static heat exchanger core body, the flue gas at the rear section of the flue gas channel can be lower than the acid dew point, and the heat exchange tube at the rear section of the flue gas channel can be in an acid corrosion environment for a long time, so that the service life of the heat exchanger is greatly shortened, and the service life of the whole heat exchanger is shortened. According to the utility model, through the rotation of the core 22-5 of the flue heat exchanger, the heat exchange tubes 22-5-1 of the core are continuously arranged at the exchange positions of the high-temperature section, the medium-temperature section and the low-temperature section in the flue gas channel 22-5-3, the time of the heat exchange tubes in the low-temperature corrosion environment is dispersed, and the time of each heat exchange tube in the low-temperature corrosion environment is very short, so that the service life of the heat exchanger can be greatly prolonged; 3. when the flue gas contains more dust, long-term dust accumulation, solidification and accumulation growth of part of the heat exchange tube tend to occur for the conventional static heat exchanger core, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is reduced, the flue resistance is increased, and even the flue is blocked, thereby influencing the normal operation. According to the utility model, through the continuous rotation of the flue heat exchanger core 22-5, the positions of the heat exchange pipes in the flue gas channel flow field are continuously changed, the positions and angles of the heat exchange pipes in the flue gas channel flow field are also continuously changed, dust attached to the heat exchange pipes at a certain position or angle can be purged in the flue gas flowing process after the positions and angles are changed. Therefore, the utility model can greatly reduce the dust accumulation and solidification of the heat exchange tube and the influence on the flue; 4. when the conventional technology is used for exchanging heat between flue gas and air, the heat of the flue gas is generally absorbed by utilizing the heat medium water through the flue gas/heat medium water heat exchanger, and then the heat of the flue gas absorbed by the heat medium water is released to the air supply through the air/heat medium water heat exchanger, when the heat exchanger leaks, the influence on a system is greatly influenced, even equipment is stopped, the reliability is low, the requirement is high, the system is complex, and the heat exchange end difference is large. The utility model adopts the direct heat exchange of the flue gas and the air, has high efficiency, small end difference, small irreversible loss and simple system, and can not cause great influence on the system when the general leakage of the flue gas side and the air side occurs, thereby having high reliability.
A certain gap 2-6 is kept between the flue heat exchanger core 22-5 and the side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell 22-0, so that the flue gas between the flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet 22-1, the flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet 22-2 and the core flue gas channel 22-5-3, the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet air box 22-3-2, the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box 22-4-2 and the core air supply channel 22-5-2 can be reduced while the flue heat exchanger core 22-5 can rotate normally. If the gap is too small, the core 22-5 of the flue heat exchanger and the shell 22-0 of the flue heat exchanger are blocked and cannot normally rotate; if the gap is too large, excessive leakage of the medium (typically the air supply) on the side where the pressure is high to the side where the pressure is low (typically the flue gas) is caused.
Optionally, a flue heat exchanger core driving device is also arranged;
optionally, inner fins are arranged on the inner pipe wall of the core heat exchange pipe 22-5-1;
optionally, a turbolator is arranged in the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 to increase disturbance of air supply in the core heat exchange tube 22-5-1 and improve heat exchange efficiency.
Fig. 6-7 are schematic structural views of one embodiment of the core heat exchange tube in the flue heat exchanger in the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model. The inner fins are arranged on the inner pipe wall of the core heat exchange pipe, so that the heat exchange area of the heat exchange pipe can be increased, and the volume of the flue heat exchanger is reduced.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a desulfurizing tower and a spray tower in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 7, in the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, the spray tower 12 is disposed above the desulfurizing tower 6, and the desulfurizing tower 6 and the spray tower 12 are connected through the liquid collecting device 12-7 to form a desulfurizing and spraying integrated structure. The desulfurization spraying integrated structure is internally provided with a slurry pool 6-3, a desulfurization tower flue gas inlet 6-5, a desulfurization tower spraying device 6-6, a desulfurization tower demister 6-7, a liquid collecting device 12-7, a spray tower water distributing device 12-6 and a spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2 from bottom to top.
The liquid collecting device 12-7 is a multifunctional integrated structure comprising the flue gas outlet 6-4 of the desulfurizing tower, the flue gas inlet 12-1 of the spraying tower and the water receiving device 12-5 of the spraying tower, the flue gas from the desulfurizing tower 6 can enter the spraying tower 12 through the liquid collecting device 12-7, and the heat medium water from the water distributing device 12-6 of the spraying tower falls into the liquid collecting device 12-7 to be collected, and is led out of the spraying tower 12 through the heat medium water outlet 12-4 of the spraying tower to be incapable of flowing into the desulfurizing tower 6.
The tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 (the spray tower body in the present embodiment) and the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device 12-7 (the desulfurizing tower body in the present embodiment) can be directly connected, and the liquid collecting device 12-7 is arranged in the combined part of the tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 and the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device 12-7 and is separated up and down by the liquid collecting device 12-7; the tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 can be connected with the liquid collecting device 12-7, and then the liquid collecting device 12-7 is connected with the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device.
The structure has the advantages of saving occupied space, reducing system resistance and having great advantages especially for the improvement of the existing unit. The liquid collecting device 12-7 can be a water receiving disc commonly used in single-tower double-circulation, a liquid collector commonly used in the chemical industry, a liquid collector and the like, so long as the functional requirements of the liquid collecting device are met.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a liquid collection device in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 8, the liquid collecting device 12-7 has a liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure with demisting function. The liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure comprises a liquid collecting chassis 12-8, a gas lift pipe 12-9 and a gas lift cap 12-10. The liquid collecting chassis 12-8 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 12-11, the vent holes 12-11 are correspondingly provided with the gas raising pipes 12-9, the top ends of the gas raising pipes 12-9 are provided with the gas raising caps 12-10, and gas raising channels 12-13 for flue gas circulation are arranged between the gas raising caps 12-10 or between the gas raising caps 12-10 and the top ends of the gas raising pipes 12-9 or on the pipe wall of the upper section of the gas raising pipes 12-9; the draft tube 12-9 is provided with guide vanes or swirlers 12-12 therein (fig. 8a, 8b are schematic structural views of an embodiment of the guide vanes); the liquid collecting chassis 12-8 is provided with a water blocking edge 12-14 or the liquid collecting chassis 12-8 is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the tower body of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure, the inner wall of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure is used as the water blocking edge 12-14, an upward opening space enclosed between the liquid collecting chassis 12-8 and the water blocking edge 12-14 is used as a spray tower water receiving device 12-5, and the spray tower water receiving device 12-5 is communicated with the spray tower heating medium water outlet 12-4. The guide vane or the cyclone 12-12 is fixedly arranged in the gas lift pipe, and when the flue gas flows through the guide vane or the cyclone from bottom to top, the flue gas generates high-speed rotation taking the central line of the gas lift pipe as the center and moves in a spiral ascending manner under the guide effect.
The structure can purify the flue gas entering the spray tower 12, reduce the pollution of the flue gas to the heat medium water, and simultaneously reduce the height of the desulfurization and spray integrated structure.
The working principle is as follows: the flue gas with particles and fog drops from the desulfurizing tower 6 flows upwards into the gas lift pipe 12-9 in the liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure 12-7, the flue gas rotates at a high speed and ascends around the central line of the gas lift pipe 12-9 under the action of the guide vane or the cyclone 12-12 in the gas lift pipe 12-9, namely, the flue gas moves in a spiral ascending mode, the particles and the fog drops collide with each other and are condensed into large particles, the large particles and the fog drops as well as the heavy particles with a specific gravity are thrown to the pipe wall of the gas lift pipe 12-9 under the action of centrifugal force to be trapped, and then flow downwards under the action of gravity, so that the separation and removal of the particles, the fog drops and the flue gas are realized. The flue gas continues to flow upwards to the gas raising cap 12-10, flows into the spray tower 12 from the gas raising cap itself or the gas raising channel 12-13 arranged between the top end of the gas raising cap 12-10 and the gas raising pipe 12-9 or on the pipe wall of the upper section of the gas raising pipe 12-9, flows upwards to be mixed and heat exchanged with the heat medium water falling from the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 from top to bottom in countercurrent, and then the temperature, humidity and pollutants of the flue gas are further reduced, and flows out of the spray tower 12 through the spray tower flue gas outlet 12-2. The heat medium water from the spray tower water distribution device 12-6 falls into the spray tower water receiving device 12-5 from top to bottom, and the heat medium water together with condensed water condensed and separated from the flue gas is led out of the spray tower 12 through the spray tower heat medium water outlet 12-4. The function of the gas-raising cap 12-10 is to enable the flue gas from the desulfurizing tower 6 to flow into the spraying tower 12, while the heat medium water from the water distribution device 12-6 of the spraying tower 12 cannot flow into the desulfurizing tower 6. The lift cap may take the shape of a cap, a shutter, or other commercially available lift cap forms, as long as the above-described function is achieved. The air lifting cap and the air lifting pipe can be of an integrated structure or a split structure. One of the gas risers may correspond to one of the gas caps, or two or more of the gas risers may share one of the gas caps.
It is possible to take the form of a structure in which the outer diameter of the gas-raising cap 12-10 is larger than the outer diameter of the gas-raising tube 12-9, that is, the vertical projection of the gas-raising cap 12-10 is completely covered and larger than the vertical projection of the gas-raising tube. Since the diameter of the gas-raising cap 12-10 is larger than the outer diameter of the gas-raising pipe 12-9, the heat medium water cannot flow into the gas-raising pipe 12-9, that is, cannot flow into the desulfurizing tower 6.
The distance of each of the risers 12-9 can be appropriately adjusted as needed to provide the desired volume of the heat medium water reservoir.
The liquid collecting device 12-7 can also adopt the structure shown in fig. 8-1, a demisting pipe 12-15 is connected below the gas raising pipe 12-9, and a guide vane or a cyclone is arranged in the demisting pipe. The working principle is basically the same as that of the prior art.
The liquid collecting device 12-7 can also adopt the structure shown in fig. 8-2, a demisting pipe 12-15 is arranged in the gas raising pipe 12-9, and guide vanes or swirlers are arranged in the demisting pipe. The working principle is basically the same as that of the prior art.
The riser pipe 12-9 and the demisting pipe 12-15 can be separated or integrated.
Optionally, the water blocking edge is connected with the tower body above the liquid collecting device (the tower body of the spray tower in the embodiment) or/and the tower body below the liquid collecting device (the tower body of the desulfurizing tower in the embodiment) to form an integrated structure. The tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 and the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device 12-7 can be directly connected, the liquid collecting device 12-7 is arranged in the combination part of the tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 and the tower wall of the tower body below the liquid collecting device 12-7, and is vertically separated through the liquid collecting device 12-7, the inner wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 can be used as a water blocking edge, and the liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure can also be provided with a water blocking edge on the liquid collecting chassis; the tower wall of the tower body above the liquid collecting device 12-7 can be connected with the water blocking edge of the liquid collecting device 12-7, and then the water blocking edge of the liquid collecting device 12-7 is connected with the tower wall of the tower body below the water blocking edge.
Fig. 8-3 are schematic structural views of another embodiment of a liquid collection device in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
Fig. 8-4 are schematic structural views of one embodiment of an air cap of a liquid collection device.
8-3 and 8-4, on the basis of FIG. 8, the lift cap 12-10 adopts a tower-type shutter structure with a small top and a large bottom, and flue gas from below the lift cap 12-10 can flow to above the lift cap 12-10 through the lift cap 12-10, but heat medium water from above the lift cap 12-10 cannot flow to below the lift cap 12-10 through the lift cap 12-10; in addition, the outer diameter of the riser cap and the outer diameter of the riser are smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the vent hole 12-11 on the liquid collecting chassis 12-8, so that the riser 12-9 and the riser cap 12-10 can be pulled out from the lower part of the liquid collecting chassis 12-8 for maintenance. The purpose is mainly to reduce the height of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a desulfurizing tower and a spray tower in some embodiments of the boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present utility model.
As shown in FIG. 9, a filler layer 12-16 is disposed between the liquid collecting device 12-7 and the water distributing device 12-6. The advantages are that: when the flow rate of the heating medium is fixed, the residence time and the heat transfer area of the heating medium can be improved, and the heat exchange efficiency and the outlet water temperature can be improved.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. Equivalent alterations, modifications and combinations will be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this utility model.
Claims (11)
1. A boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system, comprising: the system comprises a boiler, a low-temperature economizer, an air preheater, a flue heat exchanger, a desulfurizing tower, a chimney, a blower, a steam turbine, a condenser, a condensate pump, a first low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a water supply pump and a high-pressure heater; wherein,,
the boiler is provided with a fuel inlet, a boiler air supply inlet, a boiler flue gas outlet, a boiler working medium water inlet, a boiler steam outlet and a boiler working medium water inlet;
the low-temperature economizer is provided with a low-temperature economizer smoke inlet, a low-temperature economizer smoke outlet, a low-temperature economizer working medium water inlet and a low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet;
the air preheater is provided with an air preheater flue gas inlet, an air preheater flue gas outlet, an air preheater air supply inlet and an air preheater air supply outlet;
The flue heat exchanger is provided with a flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet, a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet, a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet and a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet; the flue heat exchanger is an air-air heat exchanger;
the desulfurizing tower includes: a desulfurizing tower body and a slurry circulating pump; a slurry pond is arranged at the bottom of the desulfurizing tower body; the lower part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet, and the upper part of the desulfurizing tower body is provided with a desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet; a desulfurizing tower spraying device is arranged between the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet, the desulfurizing tower spraying device is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry circulating pump, and the slurry circulating pump is directly or indirectly communicated with the slurry pool; optionally, a desulfurizing tower demister is arranged between the desulfurizing tower spraying device and the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet;
the blower is provided with a blower inlet and a blower outlet;
the steam turbine is provided with a steam turbine steam inlet, a steam turbine steam outlet, a steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet and a steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet;
the condenser is provided with a condenser steam inlet and a condenser working medium water outlet;
The condensate pump is provided with a condensate pump inlet and a condensate pump outlet;
the first low-pressure heater is provided with a first low-pressure heater working medium water inlet and a first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet;
the low-pressure heater is provided with a low-pressure heater working medium water inlet, a low-pressure heater working medium water outlet and a low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
the deaerator is provided with a deaerator working medium water inlet and a deaerator working medium water outlet;
the water feed pump is provided with a water feed pump inlet and a water feed pump outlet;
the high-pressure heater is provided with a high-pressure heater working medium water inlet, a high-pressure heater working medium water outlet and a high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet;
the boiler flue gas outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the air preheater flue gas inlet; the air preheater flue gas outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the low-temperature economizer flue gas inlet; the low-temperature economizer flue gas outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower; the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the atmosphere; the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air preheater; the air preheater air supply outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler air supply inlet;
The air feeder is arranged on an air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger or the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger; when the blower is arranged on the air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger, the air supply outlet of the blower is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; when the blower is arranged on the air supply channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger, the air supply outlet of the flue heat exchanger is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the blower, and the air supply outlet of the blower is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air preheater;
the boiler steam outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam inlet of the steam turbine; the steam outlet of the steam turbine is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam inlet of the condenser; the condenser working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condensate pump inlet; the condensate pump outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the first low-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the low-pressure heater working medium water inlet and the low-temperature economizer working medium water inlet at the same time; the low-pressure heater working medium water outlet and the low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet are directly or indirectly communicated with the deaerator working medium water inlet; the working medium water outlet of the deaerator is directly or indirectly communicated with the inlet of the water feeding pump; the water feed pump outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the high-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the boiler working medium water inlet; the low-pressure heater steam extraction inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam turbine low-pressure steam extraction outlet; the high-pressure heater steam extraction inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the steam turbine high-pressure steam extraction outlet;
The low-pressure heater is one-stage or multi-stage low-pressure heater; the high-pressure heater is a one-stage or multi-stage high-pressure heater; the first low-pressure heater is one-stage or multi-stage; the high-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage; the low-pressure steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine is one-stage or multi-stage;
optionally, a dust remover or/and an induced draft fan are connected in series on a flue gas channel between the flue gas outlet of the flue heat exchanger and the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower;
optionally, the working medium water outlet of the low-temperature economizer is also communicated with a heat user;
optionally, a first desulfurizing tower is connected in series on the flue directly or indirectly communicated with the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet or the desulfurizing tower flue gas outlet;
optionally, a bypass water pump or/and a buffer water tank are arranged on a working medium water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the low-temperature economizer;
optionally, a second low-pressure heater is connected in series on a working medium water channel between the working medium water outlet of the low-temperature economizer and the working medium water inlet of the deaerator.
2. The system for recycling flue gas waste heat of a boiler according to claim 1, wherein a spray tower is connected in series between the desulfurizing tower and the chimney; an air supply heater is also arranged;
The spray tower is provided with a spray tower flue gas inlet, a spray tower flue gas outlet, a spray tower heat medium water inlet and a spray tower heat medium water outlet; a spray tower water receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower; a spray tower water distribution device is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet and the spray tower flue gas outlet; the spray tower water distribution device is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet, and the spray tower water receiving device is communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet;
the air supply heater is provided with an air supply heater air supply inlet, an air supply heater air supply outlet, an air supply heater heating medium water inlet and an air supply heater heating medium water outlet;
the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the spray tower heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply heater heating medium water outlet, and the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply heater heating medium water inlet;
the air supply channel of the air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air supply device or the air supply outlet of the air supply device, and the air supply outlet of the air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger;
Optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device and the chimney;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump is arranged on a heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet or the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
optionally, a packing layer is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device.
3. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, further comprising a spray tower and an absorption heat pump;
the spray tower comprises a spray tower body; the spray tower body is provided with a spray tower smoke inlet, a spray tower smoke outlet, a spray tower heating medium water inlet and a spray tower heating medium water outlet; a spray tower water receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower body; a spray tower water distribution device is arranged between the spray tower flue gas inlet and the spray tower flue gas outlet; the spray tower water distribution device is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet, and the spray tower water receiving device is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet;
the absorption heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator and a condenser, wherein the evaporator is provided with an evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet, an evaporator low-temperature heat source outlet, an evaporator refrigerant water inlet and an evaporator refrigerant water vapor outlet; the absorber is provided with an absorber cold water inlet, an absorber cold water outlet, an absorber refrigerant water vapor inlet, an absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet and an absorber diluted absorbent solution outlet; the generator is provided with a generator high-temperature heat source inlet, a generator high-temperature heat source outlet, a generator dilute absorbent solution inlet, a generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet and a generator refrigerant water vapor outlet; the condenser is provided with a condenser cooling water inlet, a condenser cooling water outlet, a condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet and a condenser refrigerant water outlet;
The evaporator refrigerant water inlet is in direct or indirect communication with the condenser refrigerant water outlet; the evaporator refrigerant vapor outlet is in direct or indirect communication with the absorber refrigerant vapor inlet; the absorber concentrated absorbent solution inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator concentrated absorbent solution outlet; the absorber lean absorbent solution outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator lean absorbent solution inlet; the generator refrigerant water vapor outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser refrigerant water vapor inlet; the absorber cold water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water inlet; the absorption heat pump forms a heat-increasing type absorption heat pump;
the spray tower is connected in series on a flue gas channel between the desulfurizing tower and the chimney; the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the flue gas inlet of the spraying tower, and the flue gas outlet of the spraying tower is directly or indirectly communicated with the chimney;
the spray tower heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the evaporator low-temperature heat source inlet; the low-temperature heat source outlet of the evaporator is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
The low-temperature economizer working medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet, and the generator high-temperature heat source outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the low-temperature economizer working medium water inlet;
optionally, a spray tower demister is arranged on a flue gas channel between the spray tower water distribution device and the chimney;
optionally, a heat medium water circulating pump or/and a heat medium water tank are arranged on a heat medium water pipeline which is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heat medium water outlet or the spray tower heat medium water inlet;
optionally, a high-temperature heat source water pump is arranged on the high-temperature heat source channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the generator high-temperature heat source inlet or the generator high-temperature heat source outlet;
optionally, the high-temperature heat source outlet of the generator is directly or indirectly communicated with the working medium water inlet of the low-temperature economizer through a cooler;
optionally, a cold water reheater is connected in series on a cold water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet or the absorber cold water outlet;
optionally, a cold water pump is connected in series on a cold water channel directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet or the absorber cold water inlet;
optionally, a packing layer is arranged between the spray tower water receiving device and the spray tower water distribution device.
4. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 3, further comprising a first air supply heater; the first air supply heater is provided with a first air supply heater air supply inlet, a first air supply heater air supply outlet, a first air supply heater cold water inlet and a first air supply heater cold water outlet; the air supply channel of the first air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air blower or the air supply outlet of the air blower; the air supply outlet of the first air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the first air supply heater cold water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the condenser cooling water outlet; the first air supply heater cold water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the absorber cold water inlet; optionally, a cold water pump is arranged on a cold water channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the cold water inlet of the absorber or the cold water outlet of the condenser.
5. The system for recycling flue gas waste heat of a boiler according to claim 3, further comprising an air supply heater; the air supply heater is provided with an air supply heater air supply inlet, an air supply heater air supply outlet, an air supply heater heating medium water inlet and an air supply heater heating medium water outlet; the air supply channel of the air supply heater is connected in series with the air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air supply device or the air supply outlet of the air supply device; the air supply outlet of the air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the flue heat exchanger; the air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
The air supply heater heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water outlet, and the air supply heater heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water inlet.
6. The system for recycling flue gas waste heat of a boiler according to claim 4, further comprising an air supply heater; the air supply heater is provided with an air supply heater air supply inlet, an air supply heater air supply outlet, an air supply heater heating medium water inlet and an air supply heater heating medium water outlet; the air supply channel of the air supply heater is connected in series with an air channel which is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the air supply device or the air supply outlet of the air supply device, and the air supply outlet of the air supply heater is directly or indirectly communicated with the air supply inlet of the first air supply heater; the air supply heater is a dividing wall type heat exchanger;
the air supply heater heating medium water inlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water outlet, and the air supply heater heating medium water outlet is directly or indirectly communicated with the spray tower heating medium water inlet.
7. The system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the spray tower is disposed above the desulfurizing tower, the desulfurizing tower and the spray tower are connected by a liquid collecting device to form a desulfurizing and spraying integrated structure, and the slurry pool, the desulfurizing tower flue gas inlet, the desulfurizing tower spray device, the liquid collecting device, the spray tower water distributing device and the spray tower flue gas outlet are disposed inside the desulfurizing and spraying integrated structure in this order from bottom to top; the liquid collecting device is of a multifunctional integrated structure comprising a flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower, a flue gas inlet of the spraying tower and a water receiving device of the spraying tower, flue gas from the desulfurizing tower can enter the spraying tower through the liquid collecting device, heat medium water from the spraying tower falls into the liquid collecting device to be collected, and is guided out of the liquid collecting device through the heat medium water outlet of the spraying tower to be incapable of flowing into the desulfurizing tower; optionally, a filler layer is arranged between the liquid collecting device and the spray tower water distribution device.
8. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 7, wherein the liquid collecting device is a liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure with a demisting function, and the liquid collecting and demisting integrated structure comprises a liquid collecting chassis, a gas lifting pipe and a gas lifting cap; the liquid collecting chassis is provided with a plurality of vent holes, the vent holes are correspondingly provided with the gas lifting pipes, the top ends of the gas lifting pipes are provided with gas lifting caps, and gas lifting channels for the circulation of flue gas are arranged on the gas lifting caps or between the gas lifting caps and the top ends of the gas lifting pipes or on the pipe walls of the upper sections of the gas lifting pipes; a guide vane or a cyclone is arranged in the gas lift pipe, or/and a demisting pipe is connected below the gas lift pipe or arranged in the gas lift pipe, and the guide vane or the cyclone is arranged in the demisting pipe; the gas lifting pipe and the demisting pipe are of a split structure or an integrated structure; the liquid collecting chassis is provided with a water retaining edge or is in sealing combination with the inner wall of the tower body of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure and takes the inner wall of the desulfurization spraying integrated structure as the water retaining edge, an upward opening space enclosed between the liquid collecting chassis and the water retaining edge is used as a spray tower water receiving device, and the spray tower water receiving device is directly or indirectly communicated with a spray tower heating medium water outlet.
9. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the flue heat exchanger includes a flue heat exchanger housing; a rotatable flue heat exchanger core body is arranged in the flue heat exchanger shell; the core body of the flue heat exchanger comprises a core body front end plate, a core body rear end plate and a plurality of core body heat exchange tubes; the core front end plate is provided with a plurality of core front end plate through holes, and the core rear end plate is correspondingly provided with a core rear end plate through hole; two ends of each core heat exchange tube are respectively connected with the core front end plate through hole and the corresponding core rear end plate through hole; the center line of the front end plate of the core body and the center line of the rear end plate of the core body are taken as a center line, and the core body of the flue heat exchanger can rotate by taking the center line as the core body axis of the flue heat exchanger; a plurality of inner flow passages of the core heat exchange tubes form a core air supply passage; the flow channel formed by the core front end plate, the core rear end plate, the outer surfaces of the plurality of core heat exchange tubes and the flue heat exchanger shell is a core smoke channel of the flue heat exchanger;
a flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet is formed in one side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell at the core flue gas channel, and a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet is formed in the opposite side surface of the one side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell at the core flue gas channel;
A flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows is arranged between the core front end plate and the front end part of the flue heat exchanger shell; a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet is formed in the flue heat exchanger shell at the air box of the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet; a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box is arranged between the rear end part of the flue heat exchanger shell and the core rear end plate, a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet is arranged on the flue heat exchanger shell at the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box, the core air supply channel sequentially passes through the core front end plate, the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet air box and the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet and is directly or indirectly communicated, and the core air supply channel sequentially passes through the core rear end plate, the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box and the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet and is directly or indirectly communicated;
optionally, a flue heat exchanger core driving device is also arranged;
optionally, an inner fin is arranged on the inner wall of the core heat exchange tube;
optionally, an outer fin is disposed on an outer wall of the core heat exchange tube.
10. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of claim 7, wherein the flue heat exchanger comprises a flue heat exchanger housing; a rotatable flue heat exchanger core body is arranged in the flue heat exchanger shell; the core body of the flue heat exchanger comprises a core body front end plate, a core body rear end plate and a plurality of core body heat exchange tubes; the core front end plate is provided with a plurality of core front end plate through holes, and the core rear end plate is correspondingly provided with a core rear end plate through hole; two ends of each core heat exchange tube are respectively connected with the core front end plate through hole and the corresponding core rear end plate through hole; the center line of the front end plate of the core body and the center line of the rear end plate of the core body are taken as a center line, and the core body of the flue heat exchanger can rotate by taking the center line as the core body axis of the flue heat exchanger; a plurality of inner flow passages of the core heat exchange tubes form a core air supply passage; the flow channel formed by the core front end plate, the core rear end plate, the outer surfaces of the plurality of core heat exchange tubes and the flue heat exchanger shell is a core smoke channel of the flue heat exchanger;
A flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet is formed in one side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell at the core flue gas channel, and a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet is formed in the opposite side surface of the one side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell at the core flue gas channel;
a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows is arranged between the core front end plate and the front end part of the flue heat exchanger shell; a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet is formed in the flue heat exchanger shell at the air box of the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet; a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box is arranged between the rear end part of the flue heat exchanger shell and the core rear end plate, a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet is arranged on the flue heat exchanger shell at the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box, the core air supply channel sequentially passes through the core front end plate, the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet air box and the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet and is directly or indirectly communicated, and the core air supply channel sequentially passes through the core rear end plate, the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box and the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet and is directly or indirectly communicated;
optionally, a flue heat exchanger core driving device is also arranged;
Optionally, an inner fin is arranged on the inner wall of the core heat exchange tube;
optionally, an outer fin is disposed on an outer wall of the core heat exchange tube.
11. The boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system of claim 8, wherein the flue heat exchanger comprises a flue heat exchanger housing; a rotatable flue heat exchanger core body is arranged in the flue heat exchanger shell; the core body of the flue heat exchanger comprises a core body front end plate, a core body rear end plate and a plurality of core body heat exchange tubes; the core front end plate is provided with a plurality of core front end plate through holes, and the core rear end plate is correspondingly provided with a core rear end plate through hole; two ends of each core heat exchange tube are respectively connected with the core front end plate through hole and the corresponding core rear end plate through hole; the center line of the front end plate of the core body and the center line of the rear end plate of the core body are taken as a center line, and the core body of the flue heat exchanger can rotate by taking the center line as the core body axis of the flue heat exchanger; a plurality of inner flow passages of the core heat exchange tubes form a core air supply passage; the flow channel formed by the core front end plate, the core rear end plate, the outer surfaces of the plurality of core heat exchange tubes and the flue heat exchanger shell is a core smoke channel of the flue heat exchanger;
A flue heat exchanger flue gas inlet is formed in one side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell at the core flue gas channel, and a flue heat exchanger flue gas outlet is formed in the opposite side surface of the one side surface of the flue heat exchanger shell at the core flue gas channel;
a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet bellows is arranged between the core front end plate and the front end part of the flue heat exchanger shell; a flue heat exchanger air supply inlet is formed in the flue heat exchanger shell at the air box of the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet; a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box is arranged between the rear end part of the flue heat exchanger shell and the core rear end plate, a flue heat exchanger air supply outlet is arranged on the flue heat exchanger shell at the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box, the core air supply channel sequentially passes through the core front end plate, the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet air box and the flue heat exchanger air supply inlet and is directly or indirectly communicated, and the core air supply channel sequentially passes through the core rear end plate, the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet air box and the flue heat exchanger air supply outlet and is directly or indirectly communicated;
optionally, a flue heat exchanger core driving device is also arranged;
Optionally, an inner fin is arranged on the inner wall of the core heat exchange tube;
optionally, an outer fin is disposed on an outer wall of the core heat exchange tube.
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| CN202220560307.7U CN219934019U (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system |
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| CN202220560307.7U CN219934019U (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Boiler flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes system |
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