CN220167976U - Single-head tunnel ventilation shaft structure - Google Patents
Single-head tunnel ventilation shaft structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN220167976U CN220167976U CN202321619480.0U CN202321619480U CN220167976U CN 220167976 U CN220167976 U CN 220167976U CN 202321619480 U CN202321619480 U CN 202321619480U CN 220167976 U CN220167976 U CN 220167976U
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- ventilation shaft
- tunnel
- ventilation
- head
- shaft
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model relates to a ventilation shaft structure of a single-head tunnel. Single-head tunnels in railway freight stations are increasingly increased, and ventilation measures of the single-head tunnels have the problems that a blower is required to be placed on the section of the tunnel to be locally enlarged, and the operation cost is high. The utility model relates to an inclined ventilation shaft communicated with a single-head tunnel, one end of the ventilation shaft is connected with the single-head tunnel, and the other end of the ventilation shaft is led to the ground; the vent shaft is provided with vent shaft door in the export on ground, and the both sides of vent shaft door are provided with the retaining wall, and the bottom is provided with waterproof platform. The ventilation shaft is designed for the single-head tunnel, the underground excavation composite lining is adopted, the primary support is an anchor spraying support, the secondary lining is a reinforced concrete structure, the tunnel portal is a concrete structure, the ventilation problem of the single-head tunnel can be effectively and economically solved in a natural ventilation mode, a fan is not required to be arranged in the tunnel, the operation cost is reduced, a large amount of maintenance and power supply work of ventilation equipment during the operation of the tunnel is reduced, and the ventilation shaft structure is economical, applicable and easy to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, in particular to a single-head tunnel ventilation shaft structure.
Background
With the continuous promotion of the 'revolution iron' project in China, more bulk commodities are transported by green and environment-friendly railways. But with the high-speed development of the economy in China in recent years, the available overground space in a railway station is very limited, so that investors and designers can change the gaze to the underground space which is easier to develop. The tunnels in the rail yards are generally arranged for loading lines, and the maximum length is not more than 1.5km, so that the tunnels have great advantages in saving national land and facilitating the later management of owners if underground space can be fully utilized. If the tunnel on the loading line does not need to pass through mountain according to actual needs, a single-head tunnel appears under the condition, and the single-head tunnel can meet the safety of related staff through natural wind under the condition of being shorter than 200m, and the ventilation problem needs to be considered once the tunnel is too long.
The ventilation problem of the single-head tunnel becomes an important consideration factor for the design of the single-head tunnel because no piston wind is formed in the tunnel, and the ventilation mode of the single-head tunnel is reasonably selected, so that the operation cost of the tunnel is directly related. At present, a common ventilation mode is mechanical ventilation, but the mode needs to locally enlarge the section of a tunnel to place a fan, and meanwhile, related electric power and fan equipment are needed to be matched, so that the maintenance and power supply costs during operation are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a ventilation shaft structure of a single-head tunnel, which aims to solve the problems that a fan is placed on a local expansion tunnel section and the operation cost is high in the conventional ventilation measure of the single-head tunnel.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a ventilation shaft structure of a single-head tunnel is an inclined ventilation shaft communicated with the single-head tunnel, one end of the ventilation shaft is connected into the single-head tunnel, and the other end of the ventilation shaft is led to the ground;
the vent shaft is provided with vent shaft door in the export on ground, the both sides of vent shaft door are provided with the retaining wall, and the bottom is provided with waterproof platform.
Further, the ventilation shaft is obliquely connected to the upper side of the single-head tunnel.
Further, the ventilation shaft includes ventilation shaft primary support net spouting layer and ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining, the rock soil outside the ventilation shaft primary support net spouting layer is internally provided with a ventilation shaft primary support anchor rod.
Further, longitudinal ribs and circumferential ribs are arranged in the reinforced concrete secondary lining of the ventilation shaft;
the longitudinal ribs are distributed along the length direction of the ventilation shaft;
and the circumferential ribs are circumferentially distributed in the reinforced concrete secondary lining of the ventilation shaft.
Further, two layers of circumferential ribs are arranged in the reinforced concrete secondary lining of the ventilation shaft, and correspondingly, two layers of longitudinal ribs are arranged close to the circumferential ribs.
Further, S-shaped ribs are connected between the two layers of longitudinal ribs.
Further, the bottom surface of ventilation shaft is the plane, one side of plane is provided with ventilation shaft cat ladder.
Further, the ventilation shaft cat ladder is U-shaped steel, and the bottom of U-shaped steel is pre-buried in the ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the ventilation shaft is designed for the single-head tunnel, the ventilation shaft of the single-head tunnel adopts the two liners of the underground excavation cast-in-situ construction, the ventilation shaft portal adopts the concrete structure, the ventilation shaft lining adopts the reinforced concrete structure, the ventilation problem of the single-head tunnel can be effectively and economically solved through a natural ventilation mode, a fan is not required to be arranged in the tunnel, the construction cost is reduced, a large amount of maintenance and power supply work of ventilation equipment during the operation of the tunnel is reduced, and the reinforced concrete structure has good durability, is economical and applicable and is easy to popularize.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other embodiments of the drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the present utility model.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view I-I of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the section I-II of FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is a large view of the ventilation shaft ladder.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining reinforcement.
Fig. 6 is a structural view of a shaft tunnel door.
The marks in the figure are as follows:
1-single-head tunnel, 2-ventilation shaft primary support anchor rod, 3-ventilation shaft primary support net spray layer, 4-ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining, 5-ventilation shaft tunnel door, 6-ventilation shaft cat ladder, 7-retaining wall, 8-annular rib, 9-ventilation shaft, 10-longitudinal rib, 11-S rib and 12-waterproof platform.
Detailed Description
In order that the utility model may be readily understood, a more complete description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the utility model. This utility model may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "configured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, configured, or detachably connected, configured, or integrally connected or configured, for example. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The utility model provides a ventilation shaft structure of a single-head tunnel, which designs a more reasonable ventilation structure for the single-head tunnel and avoids the arrangement of a fan.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the structure is an inclined ventilation shaft 9 communicated with the single-head tunnel 1, one end of the ventilation shaft 9 is connected into the single-head tunnel 1, and the other end of the ventilation shaft is led to the ground. The ventilation shaft 9 is obliquely connected to the upper side of the single-head tunnel 1, and is exposed on the ground, so that the exhaust of the polluted gas in the tunnel is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 3, the ventilation shaft 9 is constructed by on-site underground excavation, and has a reinforced concrete structure, comprising a ventilation shaft primary support net spray layer 3 and a ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining 4, and a ventilation shaft primary support anchor rod 2 is arranged in the rock soil outside the ventilation shaft primary support net spray layer 3. As shown in fig. 5, the reinforced concrete secondary lining 4 of the ventilation shaft is internally provided with longitudinal ribs 10 and circumferential ribs 8, the longitudinal ribs 10 are distributed along the length direction of the ventilation shaft 9, and the circumferential ribs 8 are distributed in the reinforced concrete secondary lining 4 of the ventilation shaft in a circumferential manner. The annular ribs 8 are arranged in two layers in the reinforced concrete secondary lining 4 of the ventilation shaft, the corresponding longitudinal ribs 10 are arranged in two layers close to the annular ribs 8, and S ribs 11 are connected between the two layers of longitudinal ribs 10.
As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the ventilation shaft 9 is provided with a ventilation shaft portal 5 at the outlet of the ground, the stability of the ground surface stratum is ensured at the intersection of the ventilation shaft 9 and the ground, and the ventilation shaft portal is formed by casting concrete on site. Retaining walls 7 are arranged on two sides of the ventilation shaft portal 5 and are used for supporting and blocking rock and soil on two sides. The bottom of the shaft tunnel portal 5 is provided with a waterproof table 12 for blocking a large amount of ground water from flowing into the shaft 9.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the bottom surface of the ventilation shaft 9 is a plane, and a ventilation shaft ladder stand 6 is arranged on one side of the plane, so that personnel overhaul is facilitated. The ventilation shaft cat ladder 6 is U-shaped steel, and is made of steel bars after corrosion protection treatment, and the bottom of the U-shaped steel is embedded in the ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining 4.
The construction process of the utility model is as follows:
after the construction of the single-head tunnel 1 is completed, the ventilation shaft 9 is excavated at a preset position, as full-section excavation is adopted when the size of the ventilation shaft 9 is small, after the excavation is completed, a ventilation shaft primary support anchor rod 2 is arranged, a hanging net sprays C25 concrete to form a ventilation shaft primary support net spray layer 3, the ventilation shaft 9 primary support suggestion is set to be a cycle according to 0.5 m-1.0 m, after 20 cycles are constructed, a ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining 4 is constructed, the primary construction length suggestion is set to be considered according to 10m, and when the ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining 4 is constructed, a ventilation shaft crawling ladder 6 is synchronously pre-buried, so that workers pass during maintenance, and the reciprocating cycle excavation is carried out until the whole ventilation shaft 9 excavation is completed. And then the ventilation shaft cavity door 5 is constructed, and the ventilation shaft cavity door 5 adopts a plain concrete structure so as to ensure the stress safety of the cavity opening.
The construction of the utility model ensures that the single-head tunnel and the ground form effective air convection, solves the ventilation problem of the single-head tunnel under the influence of the piston wind effect, does not need to arrange a fan, reduces the construction cost, avoids the later maintenance and overhaul work, has no energy consumption, and is worth popularizing in the field of ventilation of the single-head tunnel.
The foregoing description of the utility model has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be limiting. Several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may also be made by a person skilled in the art to which the utility model pertains, based on the idea of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. A single-head tunnel ventilation shaft structure, its characterized in that:
the structure is an inclined ventilation shaft (9) communicated with the single-head tunnel (1), one end of the ventilation shaft (9) is connected into the single-head tunnel (1), and the other end of the ventilation shaft is led to the ground;
the air shaft (9) is provided with an air shaft door (5) at an outlet of the ground, retaining walls (7) are arranged on two sides of the air shaft door (5), and a waterproof table (12) is arranged at the bottom.
2. The one-headed tunnel ventilation shaft structure of claim 1, wherein:
the ventilation shaft (9) is obliquely connected to the upper side of the single-head tunnel (1).
3. A one-headed tunnel ventilation shaft structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the ventilation shaft (9) comprises a ventilation shaft primary support net spraying layer (3) and a ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining (4), and a ventilation shaft primary support anchor rod (2) is arranged in rock soil outside the ventilation shaft primary support net spraying layer (3).
4. A one-headed tunnel ventilation shaft structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that:
longitudinal ribs (10) and circumferential ribs (8) are arranged in the reinforced concrete secondary lining (4) of the ventilation shaft;
the longitudinal ribs (10) are distributed along the length direction of the ventilation shaft (9);
the circumferential ribs (8) are circumferentially distributed in the reinforced concrete secondary lining (4) of the ventilation shaft.
5. The one-headed tunnel ventilation shaft structure of claim 4, wherein:
the annular ribs (8) are arranged in the reinforced concrete secondary lining (4) of the ventilation shaft, and the longitudinal ribs (10) are correspondingly arranged in two layers close to the annular ribs (8).
6. The one-headed tunnel ventilation shaft structure of claim 5, wherein:
s-shaped ribs (11) are connected between the two layers of the longitudinal ribs (10).
7. The one-headed tunnel ventilation shaft structure of claim 6, wherein:
the bottom surface of ventilation shaft (9) is the plane, one side of plane is provided with ventilation shaft cat ladder (6).
8. The one-headed tunnel ventilation shaft structure of claim 7, wherein:
the ventilation shaft cat ladder (6) is U-shaped steel, and the bottom of U-shaped steel is pre-buried in ventilation shaft reinforced concrete secondary lining (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321619480.0U CN220167976U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Single-head tunnel ventilation shaft structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321619480.0U CN220167976U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Single-head tunnel ventilation shaft structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220167976U true CN220167976U (en) | 2023-12-12 |
Family
ID=89067176
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321619480.0U Active CN220167976U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Single-head tunnel ventilation shaft structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220167976U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-06-26 CN CN202321619480.0U patent/CN220167976U/en active Active
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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