CN220009534U - Active equalization circuit of power battery and automobile - Google Patents
Active equalization circuit of power battery and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN220009534U CN220009534U CN202321061284.6U CN202321061284U CN220009534U CN 220009534 U CN220009534 U CN 220009534U CN 202321061284 U CN202321061284 U CN 202321061284U CN 220009534 U CN220009534 U CN 220009534U
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- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an active equalization circuit of a power battery, which comprises a first AFE module for collecting the voltage of a battery cell of the power battery and a second AFE module for collecting the voltage of the battery cell of a storage battery; the flyback DC/DC module is used for voltage conversion during charge and discharge; the main switch module is used for matching and selecting the charging and discharging of the power battery core and the storage battery core and switching the charging and discharging; and the MCU main control module is connected with the flyback DC/DC module, is respectively connected with the first AFE module, the second AFE module and the main switch module, reads the voltage values of the power battery cell and the battery cell, and is connected with the flyback DC/DC module by controlling the main switch module to match any battery cell of the power battery with any battery cell of the battery cell. The second aspect of the utility model provides an automobile with the power battery active equalization circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of battery charging and discharging, in particular to a power battery active equalization circuit and an automobile.
Background
With the development of new energy industry, the battery system is widely applied in the fields of automobiles and energy storage. With the development and rapid popularization of electric automobiles, the service life of the power battery is of great concern. The power battery pack is used as a source spring of a new energy vehicle power source, and the management technology of the power battery pack becomes more and more important. The power battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series, and the voltage of each single battery is different in actual use due to the differences of the manufacturing process and the performance in use. Especially after long-term heavy-current charge and discharge, the difference is amplified infinitely, so that the capacities among the monomers are seriously mismatched, and part of the monomers are overdriven and overdriven. The long-time unbalance seriously affects the capacity and the service life of the battery pack, so that the battery cell voltage deviation is kept in an expected range by utilizing a power battery BMS balancing technology, the whole usability and the controllability are realized, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged. At present, there are two main equalization modes: active equalization and passive equalization. Passive equalization is generally ensured by a battery management system in a form of resistor consumption, in this way, current is small, equalization speed is low, and power is wasted in a form of heat energy. The active equalization is to transfer the electric energy of the single battery with higher voltage to the single battery with lower voltage, thereby realizing real-time equalization during charging and discharging. The potential of each battery is developed, each battery is guaranteed to be filled or discharged simultaneously, and the service life of the system is prolonged. Which is superior to passive equalization in energy utilization and equalization efficiency.
CN 108539813a discloses an active equalization method for lithium ion power battery, where a voltage acquisition module acquires the voltage of each single battery in N series single batteries or acquires the voltage power transmission battery management system of each group in parallel battery group, and the battery management system makes the low or high voltage single battery and the low or high voltage battery group enter the active equalization circuit through an equalization decision control gating circuit, and makes the low or high voltage single battery access the single battery charger and the high power resistor for charging or discharging through a change-over switch, and makes the low or high voltage battery access the single battery charger and the high power resistor for charging or discharging. The structure is simple, the cost is low, and the control is easy; the circuit utilizes an external single battery charger and a high-power resistor as well as a module battery charger and a high-power resistor to carry out balanced management on single batteries in the battery pack and between the battery packs, so that the balanced efficient management between the single batteries and between the battery packs is realized; the battery pack can be balanced quickly and can be used for maintenance. However, this method has a certain disadvantage in that it is also consumed in the form of heat energy by a high-power resistor when discharge is required. The discharge current varies with the variation of the cell voltage, uncontrollable and energy wasteful. In addition, the external connection is needed, professional personnel are needed to operate, and the operation is troublesome.
The technical solution disclosed in the above patent document is not lost as a beneficial attempt in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an active equalization circuit of a power battery, so that the power battery can be charged and discharged between any battery core of the power battery and any battery core of a storage battery, and the purpose of active equalization of the power battery is achieved.
A first aspect of the present utility model provides a power cell active equalization circuit, comprising:
the first AFE module is used for collecting the voltage of the battery cell of the power battery;
the second AFE module is used for collecting battery cell voltage;
the flyback DC/DC module is used for carrying out voltage conversion during charging and discharging;
the main switch module is used for matching and selecting the charge and discharge of the battery core of the power battery and switching the charge and discharge of the battery core;
and the MCU main control module. The main switch module is connected with the flyback DC/DC module, and the MCU main control module is respectively connected with the first AFE module, the second AFE module and the main switch module. The MCU main control module reads the battery cell voltage and the battery cell voltage, and is connected with the flyback DC/DC module by controlling the main switch module to match any battery cell of the power battery with any battery cell of the battery. Therefore, the problems that the battery is unbalanced in use, the charging and discharging capacities of the whole battery pack are hindered, and the service life of the battery is also influenced are solved. The battery cell can be charged and discharged mutually between any battery cell of the power battery and any battery cell of the storage battery, and the purpose of active equalization of the power battery is achieved.
Further, the flyback DC/DC module comprises a MOS tube driving chip U1, a MOS tube M1, a transformer T1, a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a resistor R2, wherein a control output end of the MOS tube driving chip U1 is connected with a grid electrode of the MOS tube M1, a source electrode of the MOS tube M1 is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and a sampling end of the MOS tube driving chip U1, the other end of the resistor R2 is used as an input negative end of the flyback DC/DC module and grounded, a drain electrode of the MOS tube M1 is connected with one end of a primary winding of the transformer T1, the other end of the primary winding of the transformer T1 is used as an input positive end of the flyback DC/DC module, one end of a secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected with an anode of the diode D1, the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is used as an output negative end of the flyback DC/DC module and grounded, and a cathode of the diode D1 is used as an output positive end of the flyback DC/DC module and grounded through the capacitor C1. The power battery cell or the vehicle battery cell can be charged and discharged by only using one flyback DC/DC module, so that the hardware cost can be saved.
Further, the main switch module includes a first switch matrix K1, a second switch matrix K2, and a third switch matrix K3.
The first switch matrix K1 includes n+1 primary-side controllable switches, i.e., primary-side controllable switches S 1 、S 2 、...、S N+1 The n+1 primary side controllable switches are respectively connected with the MCU main control module; wherein N represents the number of power battery cells connected in series.
The second switch matrix K2 comprises M+1 secondary side controllable switches, namely secondary side controllable switch A 1 、A 2 、...、A M+1 The M+1 secondary side controllable switches are respectively connected with the MCU main control module; wherein M represents the number of battery cells connected in series.
The third switch matrix K3 comprises a main controllable switch B respectively connected with the MCU main control module 1 Main controllable switch B 2 Main controllable switch B 3 Main controllable switch B 4 Main controllable switch B 5 Main controllable switch B 6 Main controllable switch B 7 Main controllable switch B 8 Main controllable switch B 9 Main controllable switch B 10 Main controllable switch B 11 Main controllable switch B 12 Main controllable switch B 13 Main controllable switch B 14 Main controllable switch B 15 And a main controllable switch B 16 。
Further, the ith primary side controllable switch S i One end of the (i) is connected with the negative electrode of the i-number power battery cell, and the (i+1) -th primary side controllable switch S i+1 One end of the odd-number primary side controllable switch is connected with the positive electrode of the i-number power battery cell, and the other end of the odd-number primary side controllable switch is connected with the main controllable switch B 1 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 2 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 15 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 16 The other end of the even number of primary side controllable switches is connected with the main controllable switch B 3 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 4 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 13 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 14 Is a member of the group; wherein i takes all integers from 1 to N in turn.
Jth secondary side controllable switch A j One end of the (j) th secondary side controllable switch A is connected with the negative electrode of the j-th storage battery cell j+1 One end of the secondary side controllable switch is connected with the positive electrode of the j-number battery cell, and the other end of the secondary side controllable switch is connected with the main controllable switch B 5 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 6 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 11 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 12 The other end of the even number of primary side controllable switches is connected with the main controllable switch B 7 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 8 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 9 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 10 Is a member of the group; wherein j takes all integers from 1 to M in turn.
Main controllable switch B 1 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 4 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 9 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 11 Is connected with the other end of flyback DC-Input positive terminal of DC module, main controllable switch B 2 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 3 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 10 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 12 The other end of the voltage transformer is connected with the input negative end of the flyback DC/DC module.
Main controllable switch B 5 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 8 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 14 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 15 The other end of the switch is connected with the output positive end of the flyback DC/DC module, and the main controllable switch B 6 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 7 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 13 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 16 The other end of the voltage regulator is connected with the output negative end of the flyback DC/DC module.
Further, the power battery further comprises a first connector J1 and a second connector J2, wherein the first connector J1 is used for connecting the first switch matrix K1 and the N power battery cells, and the second connector J2 is used for connecting the second switch matrix K2 and the M battery cells.
Further, the power supply module is connected with the first AFE module, the second AFE module, the flyback DC/DC module, the main switch module and the MCU main control module respectively for supplying power.
Further, the power module, the first AFE module, the second AFE module, the flyback DC/DC module, the MCU main control module and the main switch module are integrated in the BMS. Thus, hardware costs can be saved.
Further, the flyback DC/DC converter further comprises a resistor R1 and a current sampling amplifying circuit, wherein the resistor R1 is connected between the output positive end of the flyback DC/DC module and the second switch matrix K2, the input end of the current sampling amplifying circuit is connected with the resistor R1, and the output end of the current sampling amplifying circuit is connected with the MCU main control module. The MCU main control module monitors the output current of the flyback DC/DC module.
Further, the primary side controllable switch, the secondary side controllable switch and the main controllable switch all adopt relays.
A second aspect of the utility model provides an automobile comprising a power cell active equalization circuit as described above.
The utility model has the following advantages:
(1) The power battery cell voltage and the battery cell voltage are respectively acquired through the first AFE module and the second AFE module, the power battery cell voltage and the battery cell voltage are read through the MCU main control module, the main switch module is controlled to be matched with any battery cell of the power battery and any battery cell of the battery to be connected with the flyback DC/DC module, and charging or discharging between the power battery cell and the battery cell is achieved. Therefore, the problems that the use of the power battery is unbalanced, the charge and discharge capacity of the whole battery pack is hindered, and the service life of the power battery is also influenced are solved. The battery cell can be charged and discharged with the battery cell, and the purpose of active equalization of the power battery is achieved.
(2) Only one flyback DC/DC module is adopted to complete active equalization of the power battery by matching with the first switch matrix K1, the second switch matrix K2 and the third switch matrix K3, so that the hardware cost is saved.
(3) The active equalization circuit is integrated on the BMS as a system, so that the whole system structure is simpler, and the hardware cost is saved.
(4) The maximum output current of the flyback DC/DC module is limited by utilizing the MOS tube driving chip U1, the MOS tube M1 and the resistor R2 in a matched mode, the current limiting resistor is not used, the equalization efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
(5) The resistor R1, the current sampling amplifying circuit and the MCU main control module are matched, so that the current (namely the balanced current) output by the flyback DC/DC module is detected in real time, and the whole balanced process can be monitored, so that the method is safer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an active equalization circuit of a power battery in this embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of connection between the main switch module and the flyback DC/DC module in the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the flyback DC/DC module in the present embodiment.
Wherein: the system comprises a 1-first AFE module, a 2-second AFE module, a 3-flyback DC/DC module, a 4-MCU main control module and a 5-power module.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a power battery active equalization circuit includes: the first AFE module 1 is used for collecting the voltage of the battery cell of the power battery; the second AFE module 2 is used for collecting battery cell voltage; the flyback DC/DC module 3 is used for carrying out voltage conversion during charge and discharge; the main switch module is used for matching and selecting the charge and discharge of the battery core of the power battery and switching the charge and discharge of the battery core; and an MCU master control module 4. The main switch module is connected with the flyback DC/DC module 3, the MCU main control module 4 is respectively connected with the first AFE module 1, the second AFE module 2 and the main switch module, the MCU main control module 4 reads the battery cell voltage and the battery cell voltage, and the flyback DC/DC module 3 is accessed by controlling the main switch module to match any battery cell of the power battery with any battery cell of the battery cell, so that the purpose that the power battery can be charged and discharged with each other between any battery cell of the power battery and any battery cell (the voltage is 12V, namely, the 12V battery cell) is achieved, and the purpose of active equalization of the power battery is further achieved.
In an embodiment, the first AFE module 1, the second AFE module 2 and the MCU master control module 4 are respectively connected in a communication manner through a daisy chain.
In an embodiment, the battery pack further includes a first connector J1 and a second connector J2, wherein the first connector J1 is used for connecting the first switch matrix K1 and the N power battery cells, and the second connector J2 is used for connecting the second switch matrix K2 and the M battery cells.
In an embodiment, the flyback DC/DC module further comprises a resistor R1 and a current sampling amplifying circuit, wherein the resistor R1 is connected between the output positive end of the flyback DC/DC module 3 and the second switch matrix K2, the input end of the current sampling amplifying circuit is connected with the resistor R1, and the output end of the current sampling amplifying circuit is connected with the MCU main control module 4. The MCU main control module 4 monitors the output current of the flyback DC/DC module 3, can detect the current (balanced current) of the output end of the transformer T1 in real time, and can further control the whole balanced process, so that the method is safer.
In this embodiment, the power module 5 is also included. In one embodiment, the power module 5 includes a main power chip MPQ9840. The power supply module 5 is respectively connected with the first AFE module 1, the second AFE module 2, the flyback DC/DC module 3, the main switch module and the MCU main control module 4 for supplying power. The power module 5, the first AFE module 1, the second AFE module 2, the flyback DC/DC module 3, the MCU main control module 4 and the main switch module are all integrated in the BMS. Because active equalization is integrated on the BMS as a system, the whole system structure is simpler, and the hardware cost can be saved.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the main switch module includes a first switch matrix K1, a second switch matrix K2, and a third switch matrix K3. The first switch matrix K1 comprises n+1 primary-side controllable switches, i.e. primary-side controllable switches S 1 、S 2 、...、S N+1 The n+1 primary side controllable switches are respectively connected with the MCU main control module 4; wherein N represents the number of power battery cells connected in series. The second switch matrix K2 comprises M+1 secondary side controllable switches, namely secondary side controllable switch A 1 、A 2 、...、A M+1 The M+1 secondary side controllable switches are respectively connected with the MCU main control module 4; wherein M represents the number of battery cells connected in series. The third switch matrix K3 comprises a main controllable switch B respectively connected with the MCU main control module 4 1 Main controllable switch B 2 Main controllable switch B 3 Main controllable switch B 4 Main controllable switch B 5 Main controllable switch B 6 Main controllable switch B 7 Main controllable switch B 8 Main controllable switch B 9 Main controllable switch B 10 Main controllable switch B 11 Main controllable switch B 12 Main controllable switch B 13 Main controllable switch B 14 Main controllable switch B 15 And a main controllable switch B 16 。
Wherein, the ith primary side controllable switch S i One end of the (i) is connected with the negative electrode of the i-number power battery cell, and the (i+1) -th primary side controllable switch S i+1 One end of the odd-number primary side controllable switch is connected with the positive electrode of the i-number power battery cell, and the other end of the odd-number primary side controllable switch is connected with the main controllable switch B 1 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 2 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 15 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 16 The other end of the even number of primary side controllable switches is connected with the main controllable switch B 3 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 4 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 13 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 14 Is a member of the group; wherein i takes all integers from 1 to N in turn. Jth secondary side controllable switch A j One end of the (j) th secondary side controllable switch A is connected with the negative electrode of the j-th storage battery cell j+1 One end of the secondary side controllable switch is connected with the positive electrode of the j-number battery cell, and the other end of the secondary side controllable switch is connected with the main controllable switch B 5 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 6 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 11 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 12 The other end of the even number of primary side controllable switches is connected with the main controllable switch B 7 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 8 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 9 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 10 Is a member of the group; wherein j takes all integers from 1 to M in turn.
Main controllable switch B 1 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 4 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 9 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 11 The other end of the switch is connected with the input positive end of the flyback DC/DC module 3, and a main controllable switch B 2 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 3 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 10 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 12 The other end of the voltage transformer is connected with the input negative end of the flyback DC/DC module 3; main controllable switch B 5 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 8 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 14 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 15 The other end of the switch is connected with the output positive end of the flyback DC/DC module 3, and a main controllable switch B 6 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 7 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 13 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 16 The other end of the voltage regulator is connected with the negative output end of the flyback DC/DC module 3.
In one embodiment, the primary side controllable switch, the secondary side controllable switch and the primary controllable switch are all relays.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the flyback DC/DC module 3 includes a MOS transistor driving chip U1, a MOS transistor M1, a transformer T1, a diode D1, a capacitor C1, and a resistor R2. The control output end of the MOS tube driving chip U1 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube M1, the source electrode of the MOS tube M1 is connected with one end of a resistor R2 and the sampling end of the MOS tube driving chip U1, the other end of the resistor R2 is used as the input negative end of the flyback DC/DC module 3 and is grounded, the drain electrode of the MOS tube M1 is connected with one end of a primary winding of the transformer T1, the other end of the primary winding of the transformer T1 is used as the input positive end of the flyback DC/DC module 3, one end of a secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D1, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is used as the output negative end of the flyback DC/DC module 3 and is grounded through a capacitor C1. In this embodiment, only one flyback DC/DC module 3 is used to complete charging and discharging of the power battery cell or the battery cell of the vehicle, so that the hardware cost can be saved. In addition, by utilizing the cooperation of the MOS tube driving chip U1, the MOS tube M1 and the resistor R2, the maximum output 2A current of the output end of the flyback DC/DC module is limited in a mode of adjusting the duty ratio of the MOS tube M1, and the current limiting resistor is not used, so that the equalization efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
The method for carrying out active equalization on the power battery by adopting the active equalization circuit of the power battery comprises the following steps:
the MCU main control module 4 reads the voltage value of the battery cell and the voltage of the battery cell of the power battery through the first AFE module 1 and the second AFE module 2 at intervals of T. After reading, the MCU main control module 4 calculates the average value Vrag of the cell voltages of the power cells and the difference between the cell voltage of each power cell and Vrag, compares the difference with a set reference voltage Vref, screens out the power cells with the difference outside the [ -Vref, vref ] interval, and charges and discharges. If the difference value is within the range of [ -Vref, vref ], the corresponding power battery cell does not need to be charged or discharged.
And (3) discharging the power battery:
firstly, the MCU main control module 4 sequentially selects power battery cells with voltage more than Vrag than Vref as the power battery cells needing to be discharged.
And secondly, the MCU main control module 4 screens out the battery cell with the minimum voltage in the 12V battery cell as the battery cell needing to be charged.
Then, the MCU master control module 4 controls the first, second and third switch matrices K1, K2 and K3. For example, a first electric core of the power battery (i.e., a No. 1 power battery electric core) needs to be discharged, and a first electric core of the 12V battery (i.e., a No. 1 battery electric core) needs to be charged, then the MCU main control module 4 controls the primary side controllable switch S1, the primary side controllable switch S2, the primary side controllable switch B2 and the primary side controllable switch B4 to be closed, the first electric core of the power battery is connected to an input end of the flyback DC/DC module 3 (at this time, current flows out from an anode of the first electric core of the power battery and sequentially passes through the primary side controllable switch S2, the primary side controllable switch B4, the flyback DC/DC module 3, the primary side controllable switch B2 and the primary side controllable switch S1, and a cathode of the first electric core of the power battery flows back to the MCU main control module 4 controls the primary side controllable switch B8, the primary side controllable switch B6, the secondary side controllable switch A2 and the secondary side controllable switch A1 to be closed, and the first electric core of the 12V battery is connected to an output end of the flyback DC/DC module 3 (at this time, the first electric core of the flyback DC/DC module is sequentially flows out from the primary side controllable switch B2, the negative side controllable switch a 12, and the negative side controllable switch B2 of the first electric core of the power battery is sequentially flowed back to the primary side controllable switch B2).
Finally, the MCU main control module 4 reads the battery cell voltage of the primary power battery at intervals T, judges whether the discharging is completed (if the difference between the discharged battery cell voltage and Vrag is within the range of [ -Vref, vref ] and indicates that the discharging is completed), and finishes the discharging if the discharging is completed. If the discharging is not finished and the cell voltage of the 12V battery is the maximum, the cell charging with the minimum voltage is screened again until the balancing is finished.
The power battery charging process comprises the following steps:
firstly, the MCU main control module 4 sequentially selects power battery cells with voltage more than Vrag smaller than Vref as power battery cells needing to be charged.
And secondly, the MCU main control module 4 screens out the battery cell with the largest voltage in the 12V battery cell as the battery cell needing to be discharged.
Then, the MCU master control module 4 controls the first switch matrix K1, the second switch matrix K2, and the third switch matrix K3. For example, a first cell of the 12V battery (i.e., a No. 1 battery cell) needs to be discharged, and the first cell of the power battery (i.e., a No. 1 power battery cell) needs to be charged, then the MCU main control module 4 controls the secondary controllable switch A2, the secondary controllable switch A1, the primary controllable switch B12, and the primary controllable switch B9 to be closed, the first cell of the 12V battery is connected to the input end of the flyback DC/DC module 3 (at this time, current flows out from the positive electrode of the first cell of the 12V battery, sequentially passes through the secondary controllable switch A2, the primary controllable switch B9, the flyback DC/DC module 3, the primary controllable switch B12, and the secondary controllable switch A1, and flows back to the negative electrode of the first cell of the 12V battery), and the MCU main control module 4 controls the primary controllable switch S1, the primary controllable switch S2, the primary controllable switch B14, and the primary controllable switch B16 to be closed, and the first cell of the power battery is connected to the output end of the flyback DC/DC module 3 (at this time, the first cell of the primary controllable switch B14 and the negative electrode of the power battery flows out from the positive electrode of the primary controllable switch S2, and the negative electrode of the primary controllable switch B).
Finally, the MCU main control module 4 reads the battery cell voltage of the power battery once at intervals T, judges whether the charging is completed (if the difference between the charged battery cell voltage and Vrag is within the range of [ -Vref, vref ] to indicate that the charging is completed), and finishes the charging if the charging is completed. If the charging is not finished and the cell voltage discharged by the 12V storage battery is the minimum value, the cell charging with the maximum voltage is screened again until the equalization is finished.
The embodiment also provides an automobile, which comprises the active equalization circuit of the power battery.
Claims (10)
1. An active equalization circuit for a power battery, comprising:
a first AFE module (1) for acquiring the voltage of a battery cell of the power battery;
the second AFE module (2) is used for collecting battery cell voltage;
the flyback DC/DC module (3) is used for carrying out voltage conversion during charging and discharging;
the main switch module is used for matching and selecting the charge and discharge of the battery core of the power battery and switching the charge and discharge of the battery core;
and the MCU main control module (4) is connected with the flyback DC/DC module (3), the MCU main control module (4) is respectively connected with the first AFE module (1), the second AFE module (2) and the main switch module, the MCU main control module (4) reads the voltage of the battery cell and the voltage of the battery cell, and the flyback DC/DC module (3) is accessed by controlling the main switch module to match any battery cell of the power battery with any battery cell of the battery cell, so that the charging or discharging between the battery cell of the power battery and the battery cell is realized.
2. The active equalization circuit of a power battery according to claim 1, wherein the flyback DC/DC module (3) comprises a MOS transistor driving chip U1, a MOS transistor M1, a transformer T1, a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a resistor R2, a control output end of the MOS transistor driving chip U1 is connected to a gate of the MOS transistor M1, a source electrode of the MOS transistor M1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and a sampling end of the MOS transistor driving chip U1, the other end of the resistor R2 is used as an input negative end of the flyback DC/DC module (3) and grounded, a drain electrode of the MOS transistor M1 is connected to one end of a primary winding of the transformer T1, the other end of the primary winding of the transformer T1 is used as an input positive end of the flyback DC/DC module (3), a secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected to one end of the diode D1, the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is used as an output negative end of the flyback DC/DC module (3) and grounded, and a negative electrode of the diode D1 is used as an output positive end of the flyback DC/DC module (3) and grounded through the capacitor C1.
3. The active equalization circuit of a power battery as set forth in claim 2, wherein the main switch module comprises a first switch matrix K1, a second switch matrix K2 and a third switch matrix K3,
the first switch matrix K1 includes n+1 primary-side controllable switches, i.e., primary-side controllable switches S 1 、S 2 、...、S N+1 The n+1 primary side controllable switches are respectively connected with the MCU main control module (4); wherein N represents the number of power battery cells connected in series;
the second switch matrix K2 comprises M+1 secondary side controllable switches, namely secondary side controllable switchesSwitch A 1 、A 2 、...、A M+1 The M+1 secondary side controllable switches are respectively connected with the MCU main control module (4); wherein M represents the number of battery cells connected in series;
the third switch matrix K3 comprises a main controllable switch B which is respectively connected with the MCU main control module (4) 1 Main controllable switch B 2 Main controllable switch B 3 Main controllable switch B 4 Main controllable switch B 5 Main controllable switch B 6 Main controllable switch B 7 Main controllable switch B 8 Main controllable switch B 9 Main controllable switch B 10 Main controllable switch B 11 Main controllable switch B 12 Main controllable switch B 13 Main controllable switch B 14 Main controllable switch B 15 And a main controllable switch B 16 。
4. The power cell active equalization circuit of claim 3, wherein,
ith primary side controllable switch S i One end of the (i) is connected with the negative electrode of the i-number power battery cell, and the (i+1) -th primary side controllable switch S i+1 One end of the odd-number primary side controllable switch is connected with the positive electrode of the i-number power battery cell, and the other end of the odd-number primary side controllable switch is connected with the main controllable switch B 1 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 2 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 15 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 16 The other end of the even number of primary side controllable switches is connected with the main controllable switch B 3 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 4 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 13 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 14 Is a member of the group; wherein i sequentially takes all integers from 1 to N;
jth secondary side controllable switch A j One end of the (j) th secondary side controllable switch A is connected with the negative electrode of the j-th storage battery cell j+1 One end of the secondary side controllable switch is connected with the positive electrode of the j-number battery cell, and the other end of the secondary side controllable switch is connected with the main controllable switch B 5 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 6 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 11 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 12 Is the even numberThe other end of each primary side controllable switch is connected with a main controllable switch B 7 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 8 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 9 One end of (a) a main controllable switch B 10 Is a member of the group; wherein j sequentially takes all integers from 1 to M;
main controllable switch B 1 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 4 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 9 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 11 The other end of the switch is connected with the input positive end of the flyback DC/DC module (3), and the main controllable switch B 2 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 3 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 10 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 12 The other end of the power supply is connected with the input negative end of the flyback DC/DC module (3);
main controllable switch B 5 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 8 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 14 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 15 The other end of the switch is connected with the output positive end of the flyback DC/DC module (3), and the main controllable switch B 6 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 7 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 13 And (B) the other end of the main controllable switch 16 The other end of the power supply is connected with the output negative end of the flyback DC/DC module (3).
5. The active equalization circuit of claim 4, further comprising a first connector J1 and a second connector J2, the first connector J1 being configured to connect the first switch matrix K1 and the N power battery cells, the second connector J2 being configured to connect the second switch matrix K2 and the M battery cells.
6. The power battery active equalization circuit of any of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a power module (5), wherein the power module (5) is connected to the first AFE module (1), the second AFE module (2), the flyback DC/DC module (3), the main switch module and the MCU master control module (4) for supplying power, respectively.
7. The power battery active equalization circuit of claim 6, wherein the power module (5), the first AFE module (1), the second AFE module (2), the flyback DC/DC module (3), the MCU master control module (4) and the main switch module are all integrated in a BMS.
8. The power battery active equalization circuit according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising a resistor R1 and a current sampling amplification circuit, wherein the resistor R1 is connected between the output positive terminal of the flyback DC/DC module (3) and the second switch matrix K2, and the input terminal of the current sampling amplification circuit is connected with the resistor R1 and the output terminal is connected with the MCU main control module (4).
9. The power cell active equalization circuit of any of claims 3-5, wherein the primary side controllable switch, the secondary side controllable switch, and the primary controllable switch are all relays.
10. An automobile comprising the power cell active equalization circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202321061284.6U CN220009534U (en) | 2023-05-06 | 2023-05-06 | Active equalization circuit of power battery and automobile |
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| CN202321061284.6U CN220009534U (en) | 2023-05-06 | 2023-05-06 | Active equalization circuit of power battery and automobile |
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