CN104242395A - Active equalization circuit and equalization method of series batteries of single transformer - Google Patents
Active equalization circuit and equalization method of series batteries of single transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104242395A CN104242395A CN201410489655.XA CN201410489655A CN104242395A CN 104242395 A CN104242395 A CN 104242395A CN 201410489655 A CN201410489655 A CN 201410489655A CN 104242395 A CN104242395 A CN 104242395A
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Abstract
The invention provides an active equalization circuit and equalization method of series batteries of a single transformer. The active equalization circuit comprises a digital control unit, a power conversion unit, a battery pack unit and a measuring unit. The negative electrode of the battery pack unit is grounded, the battery pack unit comprises a plurality of single batteries, the two ends of each single battery are connected with the measuring unit, and the input in-phase end of the transformer is connected with the battery pack unit. The digital control unit is connected with the grids of MOSFETs. Through ingenious cooperation of the two MOSFETs, the low-loss equalization technology is achieved, and the service life is prolonged. By using the single transformer, equalization of the series batteries is achieved, the design of the circuit is practical, series connection and cascade connection of the battery packs can be supported, and the extendibility is very good. The active equalization circuit and equalization method of the series batteries of the single transformer are suitable for application and popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of series-connected cell active equalization circuit, particularly a kind of single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit and equalization methods thereof.
Background technology
Monomer lithium-ion-power cell voltage is general lower, use that electric automobile is normally connected.Due to each monomer lithium ion battery because manufacturing process causes initial capacity, voltage, internal resistance etc. incomplete same, cause the overcharge and the overdischarge phenomenon that in use cause monomer lithium ion battery, individual monomers lithium ion battery premature aging, inefficacy can be caused time serious, the capacitance of dynamical lithium-ion battery packs declines, short service life, in order to reduce the impact of disequilibrium on power battery pack, in charging process, equalizing circuit will be used.
Traditional battery pack balancing mode mainly can be divided into two large classes, is energy ezpenditure type and non-energy consumption-type respectively.Energy ezpenditure type balanced way is a controlled shunt resistance in parallel on every cell usually.When cell voltage meets or exceeds deboost, conducting shunt resistance loop, makes the charging current flowing through cell reduce, thus within making the voltage of cell maintain limits value.Because the electric energy flowing through resistance finally obtains release with the form of heat energy, be therefore called energy ezpenditure type balanced way.The advantages such as energy ezpenditure type equalizing system is simple with its structure, control is convenient, operation stability is strong, are widely applied in low capacity in early days, the battery pack system of low-voltage.
But along with the development of battery technology, for the battery pack system of current Large Copacity, voltage levels, the energy consumption of this method is too large, is obviously worthless.Non-energy consumption-type equalizing system, general needs electric pressure converter, when master controller detects that certain monomer voltage is higher, feeds back to the monomer of low voltage by converter by the energy of higher for voltage monomer, in balancing procedure, energy is re-used, thus reaches the equilibrium of voltage and energy.
Corresponding with passive equilibrium, active equalization need by charging process, and under free position, can carry out Balance route to battery pack, be low energy consumption theoretically, high efficiency balanced way.But from the As-Is analysis of current active equalization technical research, active equalization scheme due to the components and parts that relate to too much, practical structures is complicated, and the problems such as the safe operation stability of system are still a lot, most of equalization scheme is also in theoretical research stage, does not obtain practical application.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of structure simple, stable and only use the single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit of a transformer and equalization methods thereof.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit, comprise digital control unit, power conversion unit, battery assembly module and measuring unit, state battery assembly module minus earth, described battery assembly module comprises several cells, cell two ends are all connected with measuring unit, described power conversion unit comprises a transformer, multiple detection resistance and MOSFET, described MOSFET is connected with detection resistance, described MOSFET comprises input MOSFET and output mos FET, wherein input MOSFET to be connected with transformer input inversion end, output mos FET and transformer export in-phase end and are connected, described transformer input in-phase end is connected with battery assembly module, described digital control unit is connected with MOSFET grid.
As preferably, described digital control unit comprises single-chip microcomputer (MCU).
As preferably, the PWM drive circuit of described single-chip microcomputer (MCU) is connected with MSDFET grid.
As preferably, the other end ground connection of the described detection resistance be connected with input MOSFET.
An equalization methods for series-connected cell active equalization circuit described above, comprises the following steps:
1) by measuring unit measure be discharge condition time, by the energy storage conversion of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion, by the synchronism output rectification of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion circuit, compensate electric discharge by boosting mode uneven.
3) the electricity difference measured by measuring unit and compensation cycle, adjustment duty ratio, thus have adjusted offset current and time.
2) by measuring unit measure be charged state time, by the energy storage conversion of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion, by the synchronism output rectification of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion circuit, carry out charging imbalance compensation to not enough battery charging by step-down mode.
4) the electricity difference measured by measuring unit and compensation cycle, adjustment duty ratio, thus have adjusted offset current and time.
Can be found out by above technical scheme, the present invention uses that components and parts are few, structure is extremely simple, the stability of a system is strong, suitablely applies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that circuit of the present invention relates to figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.
A kind of single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit as shown in Figure 1, comprise digital control unit 1, power conversion unit 2, battery assembly module 3 and measuring unit 4, state battery assembly module 3 minus earth, described battery assembly module 3 comprises several cells, cell two ends are all connected with measuring unit 4, described power conversion unit 2 comprises a transformer, multiple detection resistance and MOSFET, described MOSFET is connected with detection resistance, described MOSFET comprises input MOSFET and output mos FET, wherein input MOSFET to be connected with transformer input inversion end, output mos FET and transformer export in-phase end and are connected, described transformer input in-phase end is connected with battery assembly module 3, described digital control unit 1 is connected with MOSFET grid.
As preferably, described digital control unit 1 comprises single-chip microcomputer (MCU).
As preferably, the PWM drive circuit of described single-chip microcomputer (MCU) is connected with MSDFET grid.
As preferably, the other end ground connection of the described detection resistance be connected with input MOSFET.
An equalization methods for series-connected cell active equalization circuit described above, comprises the following steps:
1) by measuring unit 4 measure be discharge condition time, by the energy storage conversion of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion, by the synchronism output rectification of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion circuit, compensate electric discharge by boosting mode uneven.
3) the electricity difference measured by measuring unit 4 and compensation cycle, adjustment duty ratio, thus have adjusted offset current and time.
2) by measuring unit 4 measure be charged state time, by the energy storage conversion of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion, by the synchronism output rectification of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion circuit, carry out charging imbalance compensation to not enough battery charging by step-down mode.
4) the electricity difference measured by measuring unit 4 and compensation cycle, adjustment duty ratio, thus have adjusted offset current and time.
Concrete example is as follows:
A) row such as 3 string battery pack are example: cell voltage about 12V, it is rechargeable that measuring unit 4 is tested to battery direction, power conversion unit 2 is charge balancing pattern, in such a mode, single-chip microcomputer (MCU) connects the grid of PWM1 signal controlling input MOSFET (Q1), by PWM ripple, the duty ratio of control inputs MOSFET (Q1), thus make circuit working at step-down synchronous mode, MOSFET(Q1) transformer T1 stored energy in switch opening times, MOSFET(Q1) MCU control MOSFET(Q2 in opening time, Q3 ...) etc. closedown, each road output loop no current is exported, Deng MOSFET(Q1) in the shut-in time, transformer T1 voltage reversal is raised, the energy of transformer imports output winding into, according to cell voltage and the input and output electric current of the A/D digital sample of single-chip microcomputer (MCU), control maximum output current, maximum input current, according to the worst error voltage of average voltage, any determine to group charging, single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET(Q2 or Q3 ...) etc. open, or simultaneously give every Battery pack transferring energy, thus charge to battery, determine that road complete charge to the charge condition according to battery.
B) measuring unit 4 is tested to battery direction is discharge mode, and power conversion unit 2 is equalization discharge pattern, in such a mode, according to cell voltage and the input and output electric current of A/D digital sample, controls maximum output current, maximum input current, according to the worst error voltage of average voltage, determine to discharge to that Battery pack, discharge time is how many, single-chip microcomputer (MCU) selects Rang Na mono-road battery to do equalization discharge according to testing result, first via battery is such as selected to do equalization discharge, at this moment single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control inputs MOSFET (Q2), single-chip microcomputer (MCU) sends PWM (PWM2) ripple, the duty ratio of control inputs MOSFET (Q2), thus make circuit working at boosting pressure synchronous mode, transformer T1 stored energy in MOSFET (Q2) switch opening times, in MOSFET (Q2) opening time, single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET (Q1) is closed, output loop no current is exported, when MOSFET (Q2) is in the shut-in time, transformer (T1) voltage reversal is raised, the energy of transformer imports output winding into, single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET (Q1) is opened, charge to battery, other roads are the same to be described.
C) under charge mode, certain battery does not need charge compensate, MOSFET can be disconnected make circuit enter into asynchronous rectification mode thus the charging voltage on this road is reduced, thus reduce charging current, even cut-off current, thus the problem preventing over-charging of battery.
D) under discharge mode, with the switching mode of the switch controlled step-up transformer on a certain road, the method for circulation equalization discharge is used to complete equalization discharge.
The present invention achieves low-loss balancing technique by the ingenious cooperation of two MOSFET, increases the service life, and realizes multi-section serial battery equilibrium by using single transformer; Make circuit design practical, can support that multiple battery pack is connected and cascade, extensibility is fabulous, suitable to be applied.
Above the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is described in detail, apply specific case herein to set forth the principle of the embodiment of the present invention and execution mode, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to the principle helping to understand the embodiment of the present invention; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, embodiment and range of application all will change, and in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit, it is characterized in that: comprise digital control unit, power conversion unit, battery assembly module and measuring unit, state battery assembly module minus earth, described battery assembly module comprises several cells, cell two ends are all connected with measuring unit, described power conversion unit comprises a transformer, multiple detection resistance and MOSFET, described MOSFET is connected with detection resistance, described MOSFET comprises input MOSFET and output mos FET, wherein input MOSFET to be connected with transformer input inversion end, output mos FET and transformer export in-phase end and are connected, described transformer input in-phase end is connected with battery assembly module, described digital control unit is connected with MOSFET grid.
2. single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described digital control unit comprises single-chip microcomputer (MCU).
3. single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the PWM drive circuit of described single-chip microcomputer (MCU) is connected with MSDFET grid.
4. single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the other end ground connection of the described detection resistance be connected with input MOSFET.
5., as an equalization methods for the single phase transformer series-connected cell active equalization circuit in claim 1-4 as described in any, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) by measuring unit measure be discharge condition time, by the energy storage conversion of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion, by the synchronism output rectification of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion circuit, compensate electric discharge by boosting mode uneven;
2) the electricity difference measured by measuring unit and compensation cycle, adjustment duty ratio, thus have adjusted offset current and time;
3) by measuring unit measure be charged state time, by the energy storage conversion of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion, by the synchronism output rectification of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control MOSFET power conversion circuit, carry out charging imbalance compensation to not enough battery charging by step-down mode;
4) the electricity difference measured by measuring unit and compensation cycle, adjustment duty ratio, thus have adjusted offset current and time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410489655.XA CN104242395A (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2014-09-23 | Active equalization circuit and equalization method of series batteries of single transformer |
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| CN201410489655.XA CN104242395A (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2014-09-23 | Active equalization circuit and equalization method of series batteries of single transformer |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105226775A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-06 | 中山大学 | The nondissipative equalization method of lithium ion battery of electric automobile group |
| CN111641237A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-08 | 苏州市朗世润电子有限公司 | Autonomous equalization circuit for battery pack |
| CN112768793A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-05-07 | 青岛瑰宝电子科技有限公司 | Active equalization compensation method, device and system for battery pack and electronic equipment |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105226775A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-06 | 中山大学 | The nondissipative equalization method of lithium ion battery of electric automobile group |
| CN111641237A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-08 | 苏州市朗世润电子有限公司 | Autonomous equalization circuit for battery pack |
| CN112768793A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-05-07 | 青岛瑰宝电子科技有限公司 | Active equalization compensation method, device and system for battery pack and electronic equipment |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |