CN202333889U - Intelligent balancing device for power battery of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Intelligent balancing device for power battery of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN202333889U CN202333889U CN2011204752837U CN201120475283U CN202333889U CN 202333889 U CN202333889 U CN 202333889U CN 2011204752837 U CN2011204752837 U CN 2011204752837U CN 201120475283 U CN201120475283 U CN 201120475283U CN 202333889 U CN202333889 U CN 202333889U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an intelligent balancing device for a power battery of an electric vehicle. A sampling module is connected with a battery pack, and is used for acquiring the voltage, the temperature and other information on each single battery in the battery pack; according to a sampling value acquired by the sampling module, an intelligent control module judges whether the state of the charge of each single battery is in a specific balance range during charging or discharging of the battery pack, and controls a driving module to charge a single battery with low voltage or discharge a single battery with high voltage; the driving module is used for isolating and amplifying a control single output by the intelligent control module; and a balancing module achieves an energy exchange between the battery pack and each single battery, and each single battery corresponds to one balancing unit. The intelligent balancing device provided by the utility model can achieve active and lossless balance for the power battery of an electric automobile, is large in balancing current, high in efficiency and small in loss, can quickly and effectively enable the battery pack consisting of single batteries in an imbalanced state to be in a balanced state, the practical utilization capacity of the battery pack is improved, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to initiatively balanced field of electric automobile power battery group, is specially a kind of electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device.
Background technology
It is all very high that power lithium-ion battery is compared its energy quality density, energy bulk density and power density than conventional batteries, so it is used more and more widely.In the electric automobile power battery field, lithium ion battery is considered to the current electrokinetic cell that application prospect is arranged most with its excellent performance.The monomer voltage of current power lithium-ion battery is that 3.2V, capacity are tens of ampere-hours to ampere-hours up to a hundred.In practical application, lithium battery generally wants serial or parallel connection to use, to provide with many energy and bigger power.Because lithium ion battery parameter such as its capacity and internal resistance in manufacture process has inconsistency, in use this inconsistency can be more and more obvious.In the battery set charge/discharge process, when the overtension of any cell, can cause the charging of whole Battery pack is stopped, the discharge that in discharge process, when the brownout of any cell, can cause putting in order Battery pack stops.This shows that if the cell in the battery pack is unbalanced the use capacity of so whole Battery pack can reduce greatly.If can not get improving the life-span of battery pack, also can shorten greatly this state.
The utility model content
To the problem that exists in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of technical scheme of electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device is made up of sampling module, intelligent control module, driver module, balance module, it is characterized in that:
Sampling module links to each other with battery pack, gathers the information of voltage, temperature, connection status and the battery pack current of each cell in the battery pack;
Intelligent control module is made up of microcontroller, input circuit and output circuit, and input circuit connects acquisition module, gives microcontroller with the transfer of data that collects, and output circuit links to each other with driver module, and the control signal of microcontroller is transferred to driver module;
Driver module is connected between intelligent control module and the balance module, and the control signal of intelligent control module output is isolated and amplified;
Balance module links to each other with battery pack; Balanced unit by several same is formed; The corresponding balanced unit of each cell, each balanced unit is formed by an electronic transformer T, two power switch pipe VT, two fly-wheel diode VD and protective circuit.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device; It is characterized in that described balanced unit is divided into transformer former limit circuit and transformer secondary circuit; Connect and constitute the former limit of transformer circuit with a power switch pipe, a cell in the former limit of electronic transformer; The electronic transformer secondary is connected with another power switch pipe, battery pack and is constituted the transformer secondary circuit; Equal fly-wheel diode of reverse parallel connection on each power switch pipe, this fly-wheel diode can be replaced by diode in the body of MOSFET.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device; The ground that it is characterized in that the power switch pipe of the former limit of described each transformer circuit links to each other with the negative pole of cell; The ground of power switch pipe that is the former limit of each transformer circuit is all independent; The former limit of the transformer of each balanced unit circuit all connects a signal isolation circuit and a signal power amplifying circuit, and isolation method adopts photoelectricity to isolate or electromagnetic isolation.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device is characterized in that the former limit of the transformer circuit of described each balanced unit all connects a power isolation module.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device; The transformer secondary circuit that it is characterized in that described each balanced unit all is connected in parallel; One end of circuit is connected with the positive pole of battery pack; The other end is connected with the negative pole of battery pack, and promptly the ground of the power switch pipe of the transformer secondary circuit of each balanced unit all is the negative pole of battery pack.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device; The power switch pipe that it is characterized in that described transformer secondary circuit adopts non-isolation method to drive; The ground of battery pack directly links to each other with the ground of intelligent control module, and the control signal of intelligent control module directly links to each other with power switch pipe through signal amplification circuit.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device; The power switch pipe that it is characterized in that described transformer secondary circuit adopts isolation method to drive; The ground of battery pack is not connected with the ground of intelligent control module; The control signal of intelligent control module links to each other with power switch pipe through the Signal Spacing amplifying circuit, and isolation method adopts photoelectricity to isolate or electromagnetic isolation.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device is characterized in that described Signal Spacing amplifying circuit connects the common source isolation module of a transformer secondary drive circuit.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device; It is characterized in that the former limit of the transformer circuit in each balanced unit all is provided with protective circuit; Protective circuit comprises overvoltage crowbar, current foldback circuit and thermal-shutdown circuit; Wherein overvoltage crowbar is parallelly connected with power switch pipe, and current foldback circuit is connected with power switch pipe.
Described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device; It is characterized in that the transformer secondary circuit in each balanced unit all is provided with protective circuit; Protective circuit comprises overvoltage crowbar, current foldback circuit and thermal-shutdown circuit; Wherein overvoltage crowbar is parallelly connected with power switch pipe, and current foldback circuit is connected with power switch pipe.
The utility model can carry out the active non-dissipative equalizing to the electric automobile power battery group; Euqalizing current is big, efficient is high, loss is little; Can fast and effeciently make the unbalanced battery pack of cell state reach the state of comparison balance; Improve the actual use capacity of whole Battery pack, prolonged the useful life of battery pack.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an intelligent equalization device block diagram;
Fig. 2 is a balanced unit in the balance module;
Fig. 3 is transformer former limit circuit and a drive circuit thereof in each balanced unit;
Fig. 4 is transformer secondary circuit and a drive circuit scheme one thereof in each balanced unit;
Fig. 5 is transformer secondary circuit and a drive circuit scheme two thereof in each balanced unit;
Among the figure: 1-acquisition module, 2-intelligent control module, 3-driver module, 4-balance module; The 5-balanced unit, the former limit of 6-transformer circuit, 7-transformer secondary circuit; The former limit of 8-transformer driver module, the non-isolation drive module of 9-transformer secondary, 10-transformer secondary isolation drive module.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description the utility model is further specified:
As shown in Figure 1, electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device is made up of sampling module 1, intelligent control module 2, driver module 3, balance module 4,
Charger is batteries charging or battery pack powering load.
Wherein, Driver module 3 is divided into the former limit of transformer driver module 8 and transformer secondary driver module; The former limit of transformer driver module 8 is made up of signal isolation circuit and signal power amplifying circuit; The corresponding power switch pipe of each signal isolation circuit and signal power amplifying circuit, only when driving power was not enough, the former limit of the transformer of each balanced unit circuit all connected a power isolation module again; Transformer secondary driver module is divided into two kinds; Form the non-isolation drive module 9 of transformer secondary by signal amplification circuit when adopting non-isolation method; The corresponding power switch pipe of each signal amplification circuit; Form transformer secondary isolation drive module 10 by the Signal Spacing amplifying circuit when adopting isolation method; The corresponding power switch pipe of each Signal Spacing amplifying circuit; When the after-applied driving power to the power switch pipe of transformer secondary circuit of control signal process Signal Spacing amplifying circuit of intelligent control module is not enough, connect the common source isolation module of a transformer secondary drive circuit again, the common source isolation module of this transformer secondary drive circuit is that a plurality of power switch pipes of transformer secondary are shared.
As shown in Figure 2; The core that exchanges between cell and battery pack as energy with electronic transformer; Electromagnetic isolation effect according to electronic transformer; Can balanced unit be divided into the former limit of transformer circuit 6 and transformer secondary circuit 7, connect and constitute the former limit of transformer circuit 6 with a power switch pipe, a cell in the former limit of electronic transformer, and the electronic transformer secondary is connected with another power switch pipe, battery pack and constituted transformer secondary circuit 7; Equal fly-wheel diode of reverse parallel connection on each power switch pipe, this fly-wheel diode also can be replaced by diode in the body of MOSFET.
Particularly, according to shown in Figure 1, cell quantity is N, for display circuit principle directly perceived with the in the battery pack
n(
) be mapped to the circuit left side individual cell mirror image, as shown in Figure 2, the
nIndividual balanced unit is made up of the protective circuit of electronic transformer T (n), power switch pipe VT (2n-1), fly-wheel diode VD (2n-1), power switch pipe VT (2n), fly-wheel diode VD (2n) and power switch pipe.The former limit of electronic transformer T (n) winding, VT (2n-1) and cell cell (n) form series loop, and VD (2n-1) is parallelly connected with VT (2n-1), and the circuit that links to each other with the former limit of transformer winding is called the former limit of transformer circuit; Electronic transformer T (n) secondary winding, VT (2n) and battery pack are formed series loop, and VD (2n) is parallelly connected with VT (2n), and the circuit that links to each other with transformer secondary winding is called the transformer secondary circuit.Parallelly connected with battery pack again after each balanced unit series connection.
As shown in Figure 3; The ground of the power switch pipe of the former limit of each transformer circuit 6 links to each other with the negative pole of cell; The ground of power switch pipe that is the former limit of each transformer circuit is all independent, and the former limit of the transformer of each balanced unit circuit all connects a signal isolation circuit and signal power amplifying circuit, and isolation method adopts photoelectricity isolation or electromagnetic isolation; If driving power must add insulating power supply inadequately, this moment, the former limit of the transformer circuit of each balanced unit all connected a power isolation module.
The transformer secondary circuit 7 of each balanced unit all is connected in parallel, and an end of circuit is connected with the positive pole of battery pack, and the other end is connected with the negative pole of battery pack, and promptly the ground of the power switch pipe of the transformer secondary circuit of each balanced unit all is the negative pole of battery pack.At this moment, the driving of the power switch pipe of transformer secondary circuit has dual mode:
1) adopt non-isolation method: the ground of battery pack directly links to each other with the ground of intelligent control module, and the control signal of intelligent control module directly is applied on the power switch of transformer secondary circuit (as shown in Figure 4) through signal amplification circuit;
2) adopt isolation method: the ground of battery pack is not connected with the ground of intelligent control module; The control signal of intelligent control module is after-applied to the power switch pipe of transformer secondary circuit through the Signal Spacing amplifying circuit; Isolation method adopts photoelectricity to isolate or electromagnetic isolation; When driving power is not enough, need to connect the common source isolation module (as shown in Figure 5) of a transformer secondary drive circuit.
Because power switch pipe is connected in the inductive circuit; Therefore transformer former limit circuit and the transformer secondary circuit in each balanced unit all will be provided with protective circuit; Protective circuit comprises overvoltage crowbar, current foldback circuit and thermal-shutdown circuit; Wherein overvoltage crowbar is parallelly connected with power switch pipe, and current foldback circuit is connected with power switch pipe.
The characteristics of balance module are as the core of carrying out energy exchange between cell and the battery pack with electronic transformer.When the power switch pipe of the former limit of the transformer of balanced unit circuit was driven, just to the cell discharge of series connection with it, the energy of emitting fed back to whole battery group; When the power switch pipe of the transformer secondary circuit of balanced unit is driven, the cell charging of the former limit of the transformer circuit that transformer just connects balanced unit therewith, rechargeable energy derives from battery pack.This balance module can fill (benefit) electricity or discharge to a plurality of cells simultaneously, and balanced efficient is high; Duty ratio through control PWM can be controlled the size of euqalizing current, and control flexibly.
Concrete balanced principle is as shown in Figure 2, when the
nDuring the overtension of individual cell; After the sampling of process sampling module and the calculating of intelligent control module; Electronic transformer T (n) the former limit power switch VT (2n-1) of the balanced unit that just cell therewith is connected applies the PWM drive signal; VT (2n-1) is open-minded when the PWM drive signal of VT (2n-1) is high level; Cell, the former limit of transformer winding, VT (2n-1) form series circuit, and this moment, cell charged to transformer, and the chemical energy of battery is converted into magnetic field energy and is stored in the transformer; When the PWM drive signal of VT (2n-1) be stored in during for low level magnetic field energy in the transformer through the circuit formed by transformer secondary winding, battery pack, VD (2n) to batteries charging.Balanced unit is worked according to the cyclic variation of PWM again and again, and the energy of this cell just is transferred in the whole battery group like this, and the state-of-charge of whole Battery pack tends to balance.
When
nDuring the brownout of individual cell; After the sampling of process sampling module and the calculating of control module; Electronic transformer T (n) the secondary power switch VT (2n) of the balanced unit that just cell therewith is connected applies the PWM drive signal, and VT (2n) is open-minded when the PWM drive signal of VT (2n) is high level, and battery pack, transformer secondary winding, VT (2n) form series circuit; This moment, battery pack was charged to transformer, and the chemical energy of battery pack is converted into magnetic field energy and is stored in the transformer; When the PWM drive signal of VT (2n) was low level, the magnetic field energy that is stored in the transformer charged to cell through the circuit of being made up of the former limit of transformer winding, cell, VD (2n-1).Balanced unit is worked according to the cyclic variation of PWM again and again, and the energy of this battery pack just is transferred in the low cell of state-of-charge like this, and the state-of-charge of whole Battery pack tends to balance.
The turn ratio of the former limit winding of electronic transformer and secondary winding is 1:N in each balanced unit, and N is a cell number in the battery pack.Suppose that the former limit of transformer winding to the average discharge current of cell does
I 1 , then transformer secondary winding to the charging current of battery pack does
I 1 / N; In like manner, suppose that the former limit of transformer winding to the mean charging current of cell does
I 2 , then transformer secondary winding to the discharging current of battery pack does
I 2 / N.Hence one can see that, and the cell with the former limit of transformer windings in series in each balance module can have very big charging current
I 1 And discharging current
I 2 , balancing speed is fast.Separate between each balanced unit, can carry out charge balancing or equalization discharge to a plurality of batteries simultaneously, balanced efficient is high.
When only consideration realized equilibrium through cell is discharged, the power switch pipe VT (2n) of transformer secondary circuit can save, and only keeps VD (2n).
When only consideration realized equilibrium through cell is charged, the power switch pipe VT (2n-1) of the former limit of transformer circuit can save, and only keeps VD (2n-1).
Can control the size of euqalizing current through the duty ratio of control pwm signal.When duty ratio increased, balanced average current increased, and average current balanced when duty ratio reduces reduces.The duty ratio of equalizing circuit can not be higher than 0.5.
Because power switch pipe is connected in the inductive circuit, need add protective circuit, wherein voltage protection circuit need be parallelly connected with power switch pipe, and current foldback circuit need be connected with power switch pipe.Also need add overheating protection circuit, protective circuit can be taked various ways.
Claims (10)
1. electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device is made up of sampling module, intelligent control module, driver module, balance module, it is characterized in that:
Sampling module links to each other with battery pack, gathers the information of voltage, temperature, connection status and the battery pack current of each cell in the battery pack;
Intelligent control module is made up of microcontroller, input circuit and output circuit, and input circuit connects acquisition module, gives microcontroller with the transfer of data that collects, and output circuit links to each other with driver module, and the control signal of microcontroller is transferred to driver module;
Driver module is connected between intelligent control module and the balance module, and the control signal of intelligent control module output is isolated and amplified;
Balance module links to each other with battery pack; Balanced unit by several same is formed; The corresponding balanced unit of each cell, each balanced unit is formed by an electronic transformer T, two power switch pipe VT, two fly-wheel diode VD and protective circuit.
2. electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described balanced unit is divided into transformer former limit circuit and transformer secondary circuit; Connect and constitute the former limit of transformer circuit with a power switch pipe, a cell in the former limit of electronic transformer; The electronic transformer secondary is connected with another power switch pipe, battery pack and is constituted the transformer secondary circuit; Equal fly-wheel diode of reverse parallel connection on each power switch pipe, this fly-wheel diode can be replaced by diode in the body of MOSFET.
3. electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device according to claim 2; The ground that it is characterized in that the power switch pipe of the former limit of described each transformer circuit links to each other with the negative pole of cell; The ground of power switch pipe that is the former limit of each transformer circuit is all independent; The former limit of the transformer of each balanced unit circuit all connects a signal isolation circuit and a signal power amplifying circuit, and isolation method adopts photoelectricity to isolate or electromagnetic isolation.
4. electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device according to claim 3 is characterized in that the former limit of the transformer circuit of described each balanced unit all connects a power isolation module.
5. electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device according to claim 2; The transformer secondary circuit that it is characterized in that described each balanced unit all is connected in parallel; One end of circuit is connected with the positive pole of battery pack; The other end is connected with the negative pole of battery pack, and promptly the ground of the power switch pipe of the transformer secondary circuit of each balanced unit all is the negative pole of battery pack.
6. electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device according to claim 5; The power switch pipe that it is characterized in that described transformer secondary circuit adopts non-isolation method to drive; The ground of battery pack directly links to each other with the ground of intelligent control module, and the control signal of intelligent control module directly links to each other with power switch pipe through signal amplification circuit.
7. electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device according to claim 5; The power switch pipe that it is characterized in that described transformer secondary circuit adopts isolation method to drive; The ground of battery pack is not connected with the ground of intelligent control module; The control signal of intelligent control module links to each other with power switch pipe through the Signal Spacing amplifying circuit, and isolation method adopts photoelectricity to isolate or electromagnetic isolation.
8. electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization device according to claim 7 is characterized in that described Signal Spacing amplifying circuit connects the common source isolation module of a transformer secondary drive circuit.
9. according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization devices; It is characterized in that the former limit of the transformer circuit in each balanced unit all is provided with protective circuit; Protective circuit comprises overvoltage crowbar, current foldback circuit and thermal-shutdown circuit; Wherein overvoltage crowbar is parallelly connected with power switch pipe, and current foldback circuit is connected with power switch pipe.
10. according to claim 2 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 described electric automobile power battery intelligent equalization devices; It is characterized in that the transformer secondary circuit in each balanced unit all is provided with protective circuit; Protective circuit comprises overvoltage crowbar, current foldback circuit and thermal-shutdown circuit; Wherein overvoltage crowbar is parallelly connected with power switch pipe, and current foldback circuit is connected with power switch pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204752837U CN202333889U (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2011-11-25 | Intelligent balancing device for power battery of electric vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204752837U CN202333889U (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2011-11-25 | Intelligent balancing device for power battery of electric vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202333889U true CN202333889U (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204752837U Expired - Lifetime CN202333889U (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2011-11-25 | Intelligent balancing device for power battery of electric vehicle |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103545870A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-29 | 蔡富生 | Balanced circuit for balancing battery unit |
| CN105142963A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-09 | 艾里逊变速箱公司 | System and method for balancing states of charge of energy storage modules in hybrid vehicles |
-
2011
- 2011-11-25 CN CN2011204752837U patent/CN202333889U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103545870A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-29 | 蔡富生 | Balanced circuit for balancing battery unit |
| CN103545870B (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2017-05-31 | 蔡富生 | The balancing circuitry of balancing cells |
| CN105142963A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-09 | 艾里逊变速箱公司 | System and method for balancing states of charge of energy storage modules in hybrid vehicles |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: Xihu District Xiyuan nine 310030 Hangzhou Road, Zhejiang province No. 6 Building 7 layer five layer Patentee after: Hangzhou Fute Polytron Technologies Inc Address before: Hangzhou City, Zhejiang province Gongshu District 310011 Xiang Fu Zhen Kong Jia Dai Cun 160, No. 161 Building 1 Room 201 Patentee before: Hangzhou Fute Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20120711 |