CN219800344U

CN219800344U - Ophthalmic device

Info

Publication number: CN219800344U
Application number: CN202320603515.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金恩忠; 李方烃; 徐帅; 赵竹然; 石程
Original assignee: Peking University Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Peking University Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2023-03-24
Filing date: 2023-03-24
Publication date: 2023-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ophthalmic device, which comprises an eyeball model, wherein the eyeball model comprises a simulated cornea and a simulated eyeball, the simulated cornea is arranged in front of the simulated eyeball, and the simulated cornea is divided into a normal transparent state and a pathological change turbid state. The simulated cornea structure of the utility model can be replaced and is used for simulating cornea pathological changes with different degrees; the rear part of the eyeball is equivalent to a display screen structure, and can be used for simulating various fundus diseases after being connected with terminal equipment; the ophthalmic device disclosed by the utility model can be used for teaching and checking besides being used for daily simulated fundus examination training.

Description

Ophthalmic device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an ophthalmic device.

Background

Fundus examination is an indispensable part of ophthalmic examination, and is also an important window for understanding the condition of eye diseases and certain systemic diseases (such as central nervous system diseases, diabetes, hypertension, etc.). Thus, it is important for an ophthalmologist to grasp fundus examination skills. Direct ophthalmoscopes are the most classical, most commonly used and most convenient method of fundus examination in clinic, and are also one of the first skills that ophthalmic workers need to master. However, the teaching of the direct ophthalmoscope is difficult for beginners, and the teaching effect is often unsatisfactory due to the lack of a matched teaching aid and an assessment scheme. On the one hand, students often practice each other after learning the operation of direct ophthalmoscopes, which often requires the pupil of at least one eye of the subject to be dilated with a mydriatic drug, which in practice often brings about a number of inconveniences and potential risks. On the other hand, in the teaching assessment, the teacher can only evaluate through the operation specification details based on some structured scales, and this method lacks an evaluation criterion, and it is difficult to evaluate the skill level of the student accurately and objectively, and even in the case of the student memorizing the operation steps, it is impossible to ensure whether the student can check the fundus through the operation.

Patent document CN 112951057A discloses a simplified simulation platform for ophthalmic vitreoretinal surgery, which comprises a lower supporting half shell with an upward opening and an upper supporting half shell with a downward opening, wherein the upper supporting half shell is in threaded connection with the top of the lower supporting half shell, the top of the upper supporting half shell is provided with a through hole, the outer side wall of the upper supporting half shell at the through hole is fixed with an eye cornea shell with a downward opening, a hollow saccular shell is fixedly bonded on the inner wall of the upper supporting half shell at the through hole, and a crystalline lens is placed in the saccular shell.

Patent document CN201638451U discloses a human eyeball teaching instrument, which mainly comprises: the device is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps of simulating eyeball walls, simulating corneas, simulating irises, simulating lenses, simulating vitreous bodies, simulating anterior chambers and simulating optic nerves: the simulated eyeball wall is sequentially provided with a simulated sclera, a simulated choroid and a simulated retina from outside to inside; the simulated eyeball is sequentially provided with a simulated cornea, a simulated iris, a simulated crystalline lens and a simulated vitreous body from front to back; leaving a cavity between the simulated cornea and the simulated iris as a simulated anterior chamber; the simulated lens arranged behind the simulated iris is a transparent body of a biconvex lens; the simulated vitreous body is filled in a 4/5 cavity of the simulated eyeball; a simulated optic nerve with a concave structure connected with the simulated retina is arranged behind the simulated eyeball wall.

Cornea structures adopted in the prior art are not replaceable, and can not simulate the turbid conditions of different degrees of cornea, so that the real simulation and auxiliary training effects of fundus examination can not be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides an ophthalmic device.

The utility model provides an ophthalmic device, which comprises an eyeball model, wherein the eyeball model comprises a simulated cornea and a simulated eyeball, the simulated cornea is arranged in front of the simulated eyeball, and the simulated cornea is divided into a normal transparent state and a pathological change turbid state.

Further, the simulated cornea is detachably arranged in front of the simulated eyeball.

Further, the simulated cornea is arranged in front of the simulated eyeball in a magnetic attraction mode or a fixed slot clamping mode.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the simulated cornea is disposed in front of the simulated eyeball by means of magnetic attraction.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the simulated cornea is disposed in front of the simulated eyeball by means of a fastening slot.

Further, the simulated cornea can be used interchangeably.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the simulated cornea can be used in multiple (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) alternatives.

Further, the number of the simulated cornea which can be used alternatively is set according to the need, for example, 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10), preferably 1 to 5.

Further, the pathological turbidness of the simulated cornea may be set to different degrees of turbidness.

Further, the degree of turbidity is divided into 3 to 10 (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) gradients, preferably, 3 to 8 gradients, more preferably, 3 to 6 gradients, still more preferably, 4 to 5 gradients.

Further, the simulated cornea is made of transparent material, and the material is selected from one or more than two of glass, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), polystyrene (PS), polysulfone (PSF) and transparent nylon.

Further, the simulated eyeball comprises an eyeball front part and an eyeball rear part, wherein the eyeball front part is arranged in front of the eyeball rear part, and the eyeball front part is sequentially provided with a simulated limbus, a simulated iris, a simulated pupil and a simulated crystalline lens.

Further, the anterior eyeball refers to an annular width interval from the simulated limbus to 5-6 mm behind the simulated limbus.

Further, the simulated iris is arranged on the inner side of the simulated limbus.

Further, the simulated pupil is arranged at the center of the simulated iris, the simulated pupil is of a telescopic annular structure, and the simulated pupil is used for simulating the dynamic process of the expansion and contraction of the pupil.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the simulated pupil may simulate the dynamic process of dilation and constriction of the pupil by means of progressive dilation of the knob.

Further, the aperture size of the simulated pupil is divided into 3 to 10 (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) gradients, preferably into 3 to 8 gradients, more preferably into 3 to 6 gradients, and even more preferably into 4 to 5 gradients.

Further, the aperture size of the simulated pupil may be a gradient of 0.1 to 2mm (e.g., 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2 mm), preferably, the aperture size of the simulated pupil may be a gradient of 0.1 to 1.5mm, further preferably, the aperture size of the simulated pupil may be a gradient of 0.1 to 1mm, still further preferably, the aperture size of the simulated pupil may be a gradient of 1 mm.

Further, the simulated lens is a lens structure.

Further, the lens structure is a biconvex lens structure.

Further, the simulated lenses are classified into normal transparency and lesion cloudiness.

Further, the simulated lens can be used interchangeably.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the simulated lens can be used in multiple (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) alternatives.

Further, the number of the simulated lenses to be used alternatively is set as required, for example, 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10), preferably 1 to 5.

Further, the pathological haze of the simulated lens can be set to different haze levels.

Further, the simulated lens is made of transparent material, and the material is selected from one or more than two of glass, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), polystyrene (PS), polysulfone (PSF) and transparent nylon.

Further, the simulated lens is used to simulate various refractive states.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the simulated lens is used to simulate the refractive condition of a normal lens.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the simulated lens is used to simulate various refractive conditions common to clinics.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the simulated lens is used to simulate the refractive condition of a diseased lens (phakic haze).

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the anterior portion of the eyeball is fixedly connected to the posterior portion of the eyeball (integrally formed).

In one embodiment of the utility model, the anterior part of the eyeball is detachably arranged in front of the posterior part of the eyeball.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the front part of the eyeball is arranged in front of the rear part of the eyeball in a magnetic attraction way.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the front part of the eyeball is arranged in front of the rear part of the eyeball in a clamping manner through a fixing groove.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the anterior part of the eyeball is arranged in front of the posterior part of the eyeball by bonding.

Further, the rear part of the eyeball comprises a battery, a chip and a sensing display screen, and the battery, the chip and the sensing display screen are electrically connected.

Further, the rear part of the eyeball is a detachable structure.

Further, the retrobulbar refers to the interval range from 6mm posterior to the simulated limbus.

Further, the sensing display screen is used for displaying a fundus structure diagram.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the sensing display screen is used for displaying a fundus oculi structure map of the lesion.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the sensing display screen is used for displaying a stereoscopic view of different lesion eyeground.

Further, the fundus structure diagram is interacted with the battery, the chip and the sensing display screen through a terminal (such as a mobile phone, a computer and the like) and is displayed on the sensing display screen.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the sensing display screen is 2/3 of the area of the rear of the eyeball.

Further, the diseased eyeground includes optic nerve diseases, macula diseases, various retinal diseases (including local retinal vascular abnormalities, exudation, etc.), various choroidal lesions (occupation, etc.).

Further, the ophthalmic device further comprises a fixation device.

Further, the fixing device comprises a first fixing device and/or a second fixing device.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the fixing means comprise first fixing means.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the fixing means comprise second fixing means.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the fixing means comprise a first fixing means and a second fixing means.

Further, the ophthalmic device further comprises a slit lamp.

Further, the first fixing device is used for connecting the eyeball model and the slit lamp.

Further, the second fixing device is used for connecting with the eyeball model.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the eyeball model and the top of the slit lamp are both arranged on the first fixing device, and the eyeball model is arranged in front of the slit lamp.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the first fixing device is a fixing rod.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the first fixing device is provided with a magnetic attraction device.

In one embodiment of the utility model, a magnetic attraction device is arranged above the eyeball model.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the eyeball model and the top of the slit lamp are both arranged on the first fixing device in a magnetic attraction way.

Further, the second fixing device is a head model, the head model is provided with a rotary groove, an eyeball model is arranged in the rotary groove, and the eyeball model is arranged in the rotary groove in a clamping manner through the fixing groove.

Further, the number of the rotating grooves is two, and the positions of the rotating grooves in the head model correspond to the positions of eyes of the detected person.

Further, the surface of the rotary groove is provided with double tracks.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the dual rails are cross-shaped.

Further, a magnetic attraction device (such as a magnetic attraction pulley) matched with the double tracks is arranged at the rear part of the eyeball model and is used for enabling the eyeball model to rotate in an arc shape up and down and left and right in the rotary groove.

Further, the magnetic attraction device is selected from one of a magnetic attraction sheet, a magnetic attraction buckle and a magnetic attraction pulley.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the magnetic attraction device is a magnetic attraction sheet.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the magnetic attraction device is a magnetic attraction pulley.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the magnetic attraction device is a magnetic attraction buckle.

The simulated cornea structure of the utility model can be replaced and is used for simulating cornea pathological changes with different degrees; the rear part of the eyeball is equivalent to a display screen structure, and can be used for simulating various fundus diseases after being connected with terminal equipment; the ophthalmic device disclosed by the utility model can be used for teaching and checking besides being used for daily simulated fundus examination training.

The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, either fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an eyeball model according to the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a detailed view of fig. 1 a (wherein, the left view is a schematic diagram in a pupil-contracting state, and the right view is a schematic diagram in a pupil-enlarging state).

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the anterior portion of the eyeball.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the posterior portion of the eyeball.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the ophthalmic device when the model eye is disposed in front of the slit lamp.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the ophthalmic apparatus when the eyeball model is set in the head model.

Fig. 7 is a detailed view of the rear part of the model eye-1.

Fig. 8 is a detailed view of the rotary tub.

The marks in the figure: the device comprises an eyeball model-1, a simulated cornea-2, a simulated eyeball-3, an eyeball front part-4, an eyeball rear part-5, a simulated iris-6, a simulated pupil-7, a simulated lens-8, a battery-9, a chip-10, a sensing display screen-11, a slit lamp-12, a first fixing device-13, a second fixing device-14, a rotary groove-15, a double track-16 and a magnetic attraction pulley-17.

Detailed Description

In order that the technical content of the present utility model may be more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the embodiments is given only for better understanding of the content of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-4, an ophthalmic device comprising an eye model-1, the eye model comprising a simulated cornea-2 and a simulated eye-3, the simulated cornea-2 being disposed in front of the simulated eye-3, the simulated cornea-2 being divided into two types of normal transparency and lesion turbidity, the simulated cornea-2 being detachably disposed in front of the simulated eye-3, the simulated cornea-2 being disposed in front of the simulated eye-3 by magnetic attraction, the simulated cornea-2 being capable of multiple alternative uses, e.g., 4, 5, the lesion turbidity of the simulated cornea-2 being configured to different degrees of turbidity, the degree of turbidity being divided into 4 or 5 gradients, the simulated eyeball-3 comprises an eyeball front part-4 and an eyeball rear part-5, wherein the eyeball front part-4 is arranged in front of the eyeball rear part-5, the eyeball front part-4 is sequentially provided with a simulated limbus, a simulated iris-6, a simulated pupil-7 and a simulated crystalline lens-8, the simulated iris-6 is arranged at the inner side of the simulated limbus, the simulated pupil-7 is arranged at the center of the simulated iris-6, the simulated pupil-7 is of a telescopic annular structure, the simulated pupil-7 is used for simulating the dynamic process of pupil expansion and contraction, the simulated pupil-7 can simulate the dynamic process of pupil expansion and contraction in a mode of gradual expansion through a knob, the aperture size of the simulated pupil-7 is divided into 4 gradients or 5 gradients, the aperture size of the simulated pupil-7 can be 1mm as a gradient, the simulated lens-8 is of a biconvex lens structure, and the simulated lens-8 is divided into a normal transparent shape and a pathological change turbid shape. The simulated lens-8 can be replaced, for example, 4 or 5, the pathological change turbidity of the simulated lens-8 can be set to different turbidity degrees, the turbidity degrees can be divided into 4 or 5 gradients, the simulated lens-8 is used for simulating various refraction states, such as refraction states of a simulated normal lens and refraction states of a pathological change lens (lens turbidity), the front part-4 of the eyeball is fixedly connected in front of the rear part-5 of the eyeball, the rear part-5 of the eyeball comprises a battery-9, a chip-10 and a sensing display screen-11, and the battery-9, the chip-10 and the sensing display screen-11 are electrically connected. The eyeball rear part-5 is of a detachable structure. The sensing display screen-11 is used for displaying a fundus structure chart, the sensing display screen-11 is used for displaying three-dimensional structure charts of different pathological fundus, the fundus structure chart is interacted with the battery-9, the chip-10 and the sensing display screen-11 through a terminal (mobile phone), and is displayed on the sensing display screen-11, and the size of the sensing display screen-11 is 2/3 of the area of the rear part of an eyeball.

Example 2

The present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in the manner of connection between the anterior eyeball portion-4 and the posterior eyeball portion-5.

The anterior eyeball part-4 is detachably arranged in front of the posterior eyeball part-5 in the embodiment.

Example 3

This example differs from example 1 only in the manner in which the simulated cornea-2 and the simulated eyeball-3 are connected.

In this embodiment, the simulated cornea-2 is arranged in front of the simulated eyeball-3 in a clamping manner through a fixing groove.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 5, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the ophthalmic device further includes a fixing device and a slit lamp-11, the fixing device includes a first fixing device-13, the first fixing device-13 is a fixing rod, the first fixing device-13 is used for connecting the eyeball model-1 and the slit lamp-12, and the tops of the eyeball model-1 and the slit lamp-12 are both disposed on the first fixing device-13 through a magnetic attraction device.

Example 5

Referring to fig. 6-8, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that the ophthalmic device further comprises a fixation device comprising a second fixation device-14. The second fixing device-14 is used for connecting with the eyeball model-1. The second fixing device-14 is a head model, the head model is provided with a rotary groove-15, an eyeball model-1 is arranged in the rotary groove-15 in a clamping mode of the fixed groove, the number of the rotary grooves-16 is two, the positions of the rotary grooves-15 in the head model correspond to the positions of eyes of a detected person, the surface of the rotary groove-15 is provided with double tracks-16, the double tracks-16 are in a cross shape, and magnetic attraction pulleys-17 matched with the double tracks-16 are arranged at the rear part of the eyeball model-1 and used for arc-shaped rotation of the eyeball model-1 in the rotary groove-15.

Claims

1. The ophthalmic device is characterized by comprising an eyeball model, wherein the eyeball model comprises a simulated cornea and a simulated eyeball, the simulated cornea is detachably arranged in front of the simulated eyeball and is divided into a normal transparent state and a pathological change turbid state, the simulated eyeball comprises an eyeball front part and an eyeball rear part, the eyeball front part is arranged in front of the eyeball rear part, and the eyeball front part is sequentially provided with a simulated limbus, a simulated iris, a simulated pupil and a simulated lens.

2. The ophthalmic device of claim 1, wherein the simulated cornea is disposed in front of the simulated eyeball by means of magnetic attraction or a snap-fit of a fixation groove.

3. The ophthalmic device of claim 1 wherein said simulated cornea is capable of being replaced by 1 to 10 simulated corneas.

4. The ophthalmic device of claim 1 wherein the simulated cornea is provided with a lesion haze of 3-10 gradients.

5. The ophthalmic device of claim 1 wherein the posterior portion of the eye comprises a battery, a chip, and a sensor display, wherein the battery, the chip, and the sensor display are electrically connected, and wherein the fundus structure map is displayed on the sensor display via terminal interactions with the battery, the chip, and the sensor display.

6. The ophthalmic device of claim 1 further comprising a fixation device, wherein the fixation device comprises a first fixation device and/or a second fixation device.

7. The ophthalmic device of claim 1 further comprising a slit lamp, wherein the model eye and the top of the slit lamp are both disposed on the first fixture, and wherein the model eye is disposed in front of the slit lamp.

8. The ophthalmic device of claim 6, wherein the second fixture is a head model, the head model is provided with a rotating groove, an eyeball model is installed in the rotating groove, a double track is arranged on the surface of the rotating groove, and a magnetic attraction device matched with the double track is arranged at the rear part of the eyeball model.

9. The ophthalmic device of claim 8 wherein the model eye is disposed in the rotational groove by means of a fixed groove snap fit.

10. The ophthalmic device of claim 8, wherein the number of the rotating grooves is two, and the positions of the rotating grooves in the head model correspond to the positions of both eyes of the subject.