RU2793386C1 - Device for fixation of the cadaveric eyeball - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical devices.

SUBSTANCE: device for fixing the cadaveric eyeball consists of a plastic panel, a holder with a container for the cadaveric eye, a plastic bowl, assembled together, while the plastic panel is made of polymethyl methacrylate. On the upper part of the panel there is a through hole of the "keyhole" type. There are metal handles on the front surface of the panel on both sides. At the lower edge of the panel in the middle there is a rectangular through hole oriented with its long side along the lower part of the panel. On the rear surface of the panel at four corners there are plastic fasteners, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the supporting elements of the ophthalmic equipment. The distance between the mounts is equal to the distance between the front racks of the ophthalmic equipment. The container for the cadaveric eye of an animal is made in the form of a stepped cylinder. The opposite sides of the transition part along its entire height are made flat congruently to the narrow part of the hole on the panel. The body of the container for the cadaver eye is made hollow; a slot is made on one of the sides of the body. A thread is made in the lower part of the body of the container for the cadaver eye. The fixing cap is made of metal, the fixing nut is made of plastic.

EFFECT: use of the invention will make it possible to reliably fix the cadaveric eyeball of an animal in a vertical position on the facial setting of a slit lamp increasing the efficiency of professional training due to unlimited time and the number of approaches to the manipulations.

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Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medical equipment, namely to devices for fixing the cadaveric eye of an animal on a face setting of ophthalmic equipment.

Currently, due to the continuous development and improvement of medical science, the professional requirements for doctors are increasing. In this regard, it is especially difficult for young doctors and specialists who are just starting to master new areas. The training of ophthalmologists is extremely important. After all, with the help of the organ of vision, a person perceives up to 90% of information. And how correctly the diagnosis and treatment is carried out depends on the health of the patient's eyes. In this connection, the question of the quality of training of specialists comes to the fore.

The situation of joint training for doctors has its negative sides, and sometimes it is simply impossible. For such cases in medicine, various devices, models and models for practicing practical skills are especially common. Recently, medical teaching virtual simulation technologies have been rapidly developing, which are expensive and, as a result, inaccessible.

Biomicroscopy of the eye is the most common method for diagnosing diseases of the organ of vision and its adnexa. The method is non-contact, painless, informative, does not require special preparation of the patient, and is widespread everywhere. Therefore, possession of it is extremely important for any ophthalmologist. The study is carried out on a slit lamp, which requires certain skills to work.

Treatment of eye diseases with the help of laser radiation is carried out quite often for many diseases: glaucoma, secondary cataract, destruction of the vitreous body, vascular diseases in the fundus, refractive pathology, etc. The performance of these operations requires highly qualified surgeons. Beginners need to work out the skill of working with a laser device, learn how to properly treat and evaluate its results.

A device for fixing the cadaveric eye of an animal in an ophthalmic surgical simulator is known (RF patent for utility model No. 189170). The utility model relates to a device for fixing the cadaveric eye of an animal in an ophthalmosurgical simulator and is a support element made of a material whose elastic modulus is 0.36-0.40 MPa, on its upper surface there is a cup-shaped recess for fixing the cadaveric eye of an animal, and on the lower The surface has a channel for installing the lighting element. The technical result is to ensure optimal elasticity of the device for fixing the cadaveric eye of an animal.

The closest analogue of the proposed device is a device for fixing the cadaveric eye of an animal in an ophthalmic surgical simulator (RF patent for utility model No. 146981). The device is intended for training ophthalmologists in surgical manipulations on the eyeball. It is made in the form of a vacuum head, consisting of a base and a support element, while the support element has a cup-shaped extension for fixing the cadaveric eye of the animal, and the base has a channel for installing a diode lighting element made in the form of a red diode light bulb to create a red reflex from the fundus. The use of the proposed device allows you to securely fix the cadaveric eyeball while maintaining intraocular anatomical relationships, effectively regulate the level of intraocular pressure depending on the tasks, improve the visualization of intraocular structures through the use of an illuminating element and modeling a red reflex from the fundus, reduce the number of eyes used during testing manual skills of ophthalmic surgeons, improve learning efficiency.

The main disadvantage of this device is the impossibility of attaching it to ophthalmic equipment for the purpose of teaching doctors, for example, the skills of eye biomicroscopy using a slit lamp, practicing the stages of laser operations on the anterior and posterior segments of the eye.

The objective of the proposed device is the possibility of stable fixation of the cadaveric eye of an animal in a vertical position in order to teach practical skills in biomicroscopy and laser surgery.

The technical result of the invention is the reliability of fixing the cadaveric eyeball of an animal in a vertical position on the facial setting of the slit lamp, increasing the efficiency of vocational training due to unlimited time and the number of approaches to the manipulations.

The technical result is achieved by attaching the proposed device in a vertical position to the elements of ophthalmic equipment (facial installation of a slit lamp, laser equipment). For this, the proposed device is used, which consists of three parts: a plastic panel, a holder with a container for the cadaver eye, and a plastic bowl.

The present invention is illustrated in Fig. 1-4.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device in the assembled state, front view.

In FIG. 2 shows a general view of the device in the assembled state, side view.

In FIG. 3 shows a container for a cadaver eye.

In FIG. 4 shows a general view of the holder of the cadaveric eye of an animal in assembled form.

Position 1 denotes a plastic panel, 2 - a through hole in a plastic panel, 3 - metal handles of a plastic panel, 4 - a rectangular through hole in a plastic panel, 5 - fastening of a plastic panel, 6 - base of the cadaver eye container, 7 - transitional part of the container for cadaver eye, 8 - body of the container for the cadaver eye, 9 - thread on the body 8, 10 - slot on the body 8, 11 - fixing cover, 12 - fixing nut, 13 - plastic bowl. The plastic panel 1 is made of polymethyl methacrylate and has dimensions of 15×27×0.5 cm. On the upper part of the panel 1 there is a through hole 2, which looks like a "keyhole", its dimensions are the diameter of the round part 4 cm, the width and height of the narrow part 2 cm. On the front surface of the panel 1 on the right and left sides there are metal handles 3 for easy manipulation with the panel. At the bottom edge of panel 1 in the middle there is a through hole 4 of a rectangular shape, oriented with its long side along the bottom of panel 1. Its dimensions are: height - 1.5 cm, length - 7 cm. On the back surface of the plastic panel 1 there are plastic fasteners at four corners 5, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the supporting elements of the ophthalmic equipment (not shown in the drawing), the distance between the right and left mounts is equal to the distance between the racks of the facial unit of the ophthalmic equipment (not shown in the drawing).

The container for the cadaveric eye of an animal is made in the form of a stepped cylinder: the diameter of the round base 6 is 0.5 mm less than the diameter of the round part of the through hole 2; the diameter of the transition part 7 is 2.5 cm, the height is 10 mm, the opposite sides of the transition part along its entire height are made flat, congruent to the narrow part of the hole 2, the body 8 of the container for the cadaver eye is made hollow, has an outer diameter of 2.5 cm, thickness the walls is 1 mm, on one side there is a slot 10, which starts from the upper edge of the body, has a width of 1 mm and a length of 12 mm; A thread 9 is made in the lower part of the body 8 of the container for the cadaver eye. The fixing nut 12 is made of plastic. Removable plastic bowl 13 has the shape of a parallelepiped, its dimensions are: width 5 cm, length 7 cm, height 1.5 cm.

The proposed device is brought into operation by the following actions: the cadaver eye of the animal is placed inside the body 8 of the container for the cadaver eye. A fixing cover 11 is installed on top of the container. This design is additionally fastened with a fixing nut 12 by screwing its thread onto the thread 9 of the container for the cadaver eye. The base 6 of the holder for the cadaveric eye of the animal is inserted into the round part of the through hole 2 on the upper part of the panel 1, then it is shifted into the narrow part of the same hole by the flat sides of the transition part 7 of the container until it stops. The removable bowl 13 is placed in the through hole 4 on the bottom of the panel 1. The bowl 13 is designed for flowing liquid (saline solution, viscoelastic - for irrigating the cornea and restoring its properties) during operation. The device prepared in this way is installed on the chinrest of ophthalmic equipment (not shown in the drawing) in a vertical position and fixed to the racks of the facial installation (not shown in the drawing) by pressing the metal handles 3 of the plastic panel 1 until a characteristic click.

The practical application of the proposed device is illustrated by the following examples:

Example 1. The device for fixing the cadaveric eyeball was brought into working condition, fixed on the facial setting of the slit lamp. The purpose of the lesson is to master the skills of biomicroscopy by medical residents. Several holders with cadaveric eyes of animals were prepared, on which various clinical situations were simulated (corneal opacity, corneal edema, foreign body in the anterior chamber, lens opacity, healthy eye). The students were demonstrated methods of illumination in the study of the anterior segment of the eye. After that, each of them independently began to master the research methods. When the cornea dried up, it was moistened by irrigating it with saline from a syringe. A change was made depending on the studied pathology. The learning process took place within 45-50 minutes. During the whole time, a stable position of the proposed device was noted, several available removable holders with cadaver eyes of animals made it possible to demonstrate several clinical situations and analyze them.

Example 2. Among the cadaveric eyes of animals, an eye with a minimum pupil size was selected and fixed in a holder for a cadaveric eye. Then the holder was placed in a plastic panel and fixed to the front setup of the laser equipment. An ophthalmologist (cadet), who is taking a course in laser surgery for glaucoma, worked out the knowledge gained in theoretical classes - viscoelastic was applied to the cornea of the cadaver eye and a special contact lens was installed. The laser equipment was adjusted, after which the cadet simulated laser treatment of glaucoma (iridectomy, descementogoniopuncture). The correctness of the manipulations was evaluated by the teacher-curator. During the whole time, a stable position of the proposed device and the cadaver eye was noted, a quick change of the cadaver eyes of animals was performed by replacing removable holders for each student.

Example 3. Among the cadaver eyes of animals, an eye with a maximally dilated pupil was selected, which was placed in a container for the eye and fixed in it with a fixing cap and nut. Then the proposed device is fixed to the front installation of the laser equipment. An ophthalmologist, who is studying on a course in laser surgery for the pathology of the fundus, worked out the knowledge gained in theoretical classes, for which purpose a viscoelastic was applied to the cornea of the cadaveric eye, a diagnostic-surgical lens was installed, laser coagulation was applied along the vessels until a characteristic blanching of the tissues appeared. The correctness of the manipulations was evaluated by the teacher-curator. During the whole time, a stable position of the proposed device and the cadaver eye was noted, the holders with cadaver eyes were changed as needed.

Claims (1)

A device for fixing the cadaveric eyeball, characterized in that it consists of a plastic panel, a holder with a container for the cadaveric eye, a plastic bowl, assembled together, while the plastic panel is made of polymethyl methacrylate and has dimensions of 15 × 27 × 0.5 cm, on the upper part of the panel has a through hole of the “keyhole” type, the diameter of the round part of which is 4 cm, the width and height of the narrow part is 2 cm, there are metal handles on the front surface of the panel on both sides, a rectangular through hole is made in the middle of the lower edge of the panel , oriented with its long side along the bottom of the panel, 1.5 × 7 cm in size, on the rear surface of the panel at four corners there are plastic fasteners, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the supporting elements of the ophthalmic equipment, the distance between the fasteners is equal to the distance between the racks of the facial unit of the ophthalmic equipment; the container for the cadaveric eye of the animal is made in the form of a stepped cylinder, the diameter of the round base of which is 0.5 mm less than the diameter of the round part of the through hole of the panel; the diameter of the transitional part is 2.5 cm, the height is 10 mm, the opposite sides of the transitional part along its entire height are made flat congruent to the narrow part of the hole on the panel, the body of the container for the cadaver eye is made hollow, has an outer diameter of 2.5 cm, wall thickness is 1 mm, on one side of the case there is a slot 12 mm long and 1 mm wide, starting from the upper edge of the case; in the lower part of the body of the container for the cadaver eye, a thread is made, the fixing cap is made of metal with a diameter of 1.5 cm, the fixing nut is made of plastic, the removable plastic bowl has dimensions: width 5 cm, length 7 cm, height 1.5 cm.

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