CN219713381U - Small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes - Google Patents

Small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219713381U
CN219713381U CN202320274470.1U CN202320274470U CN219713381U CN 219713381 U CN219713381 U CN 219713381U CN 202320274470 U CN202320274470 U CN 202320274470U CN 219713381 U CN219713381 U CN 219713381U
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feeding device
pyrolysis gasification
furnace body
pipe
isolator
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贾晓娜
高晓斌
郭法传
郭凯
张继忠
王建刚
赵磊
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Shandong Zibo Huanyu Bridge Template Co ltd
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Shandong Zibo Huanyu Bridge Template Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes, which comprises a household garbage pyrolysis gasification device and a control system, wherein the household garbage pyrolysis gasification device comprises a large-angle bin, a fragment feeding device, a large-block feeding device, an isolator and a furnace body, wherein the furnace body is internally provided with a burner, the isolator is connected to the furnace body, the large-block feeding device and the fragment feeding device are connected to the isolator, and the isolator is internally provided with a material distributing and discharging device; the utility model belongs to the field of secondary utilization of organic resources, in particular to a pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes, which can reduce the requirements on materials by utilizing the special hearth structure, is applicable to automatic adjustment of various materials by a closed-loop control system and core control, and ensures the combustion condition in a hearth. According to a preset program, the small pyrolysis and gasification treatment device can be ensured to run safely, continuously and automatically.

Description

Small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of secondary utilization of organic resources, and particularly relates to a small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes.
Background
With the development of society, the disposal of various organic solid wastes and how to utilize the heat value are one of the difficulties faced by human beings, and have strong timeliness and space property. The organic solid waste has the dual characteristics of garbage and resources, and different disposal concepts and modes at different times and places can respectively show the respective characteristics of the garbage and the resources. How to realize the harmless, reduction and recycling of the organic solid waste is the requirement of environmental protection and the comprehensive utilization of resources.
The organic solid waste refers to solid or liquid organic matters and substances which are produced by people in production activities and lose the original utilization value or are discarded or abandoned although not losing the utilization value, and comprises agricultural organic waste mainly comprising crop straw vines, livestock and poultry manure, aquatic waste and the like, industrial organic waste mainly comprising high-concentration organic wastewater, organic waste residues and the like, municipal organic waste mainly comprising three major types of landscaping waste, municipal sludge, slaughter plant animal contents, kitchen waste and the like.
Because of the variety and component difference of organic solid waste, the change along with the region and time is various, the existing pyrolysis gasification furnace on the market cannot adapt to the situation, and can reach a stable state for a long time under the condition of better consistency of raw materials, otherwise, various problems of combustion in a hearth can be caused, the use effect of the pyrolysis gasification furnace is greatly reduced, and problems are encountered during use and the difficulty is increased during popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes, the special hearth structure of the pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system can be used for reducing the requirements on materials, the particle size, uniformity, filling degree and the like of the materials, and the pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system can be applicable to various materials, and after the closed-loop control system is applied, the combustion characteristics and the smoke characteristics of different materials can be adjusted along with combustion conditions and parameters in the hearth, so that the utilization of various solid organic wastes is realized, and the pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system can be applicable to the automatic adjustment of various materials and ensures the combustion conditions in the hearth through the closed-loop control system and core control. According to a preset program, the small pyrolysis and gasification treatment device can be ensured to run safely, continuously and automatically.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: the household garbage pyrolysis gasification device comprises a large-angle bin, a fragment feeding device, a large-block feeding device, an isolator and a furnace body, wherein the combustor is arranged in the furnace body, the isolator is connected to the furnace body, the large-block feeding device and the fragment feeding device are connected to the isolator, a material distribution unloading device is arranged in the isolator, the large-angle bin is connected to the fragment feeding device, a gate valve is arranged at the joint of the material distribution unloading device and the fragment feeding device, the gate valve is arranged at the joint of the material distribution unloading device and the large-block feeding device, a lower air distribution pipe is connected to the furnace body in a connecting mode, an upper air distribution pipe is arranged on the isolator, an air inlet pipe is connected to the lower air distribution pipe, and an air outlet pipe is arranged on the furnace body.
Further, the closed loop control system comprises a primary fan, a secondary fan and a tertiary air fan, wherein the primary fan is connected with an air inlet air pipe, a flowmeter FT101 and a gate valve FC101 are arranged on the air inlet air pipe, a temperature transformer T105 is arranged on the air inlet air pipe, a temperature transformer T106 is arranged at a feed inlet of the broken piece feeding device and the large piece feeding device, a flowmeter FT102 and a gate valve FC102 are arranged on a lower air distribution pipe, an oxygen analyzer, the temperature transformer T102, a pressure transformer P102 and the gate valve FC104 are arranged on an air outlet pipe, a secondary connecting pipe is arranged on the secondary fan, the secondary connecting pipe is connected with the air outlet pipe, a flowmeter FT103 is arranged on the secondary connecting pipe, a secondary combustion chamber is connected with a waste heat utilization device, a temperature transformer T103 is arranged between the secondary combustion chamber and the waste heat utilization device, the waste heat utilization device is connected with the tertiary air fan, and the chimney is connected with the oxygen analyzer.
Further, a detection tube is connected to the air outlet tube, the detection tube is connected to the furnace body, and a temperature transformer T102 and a pressure transformer P101 are arranged on the detection tube.
Further, an ignition and combustion-supporting burner B is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber, and an ignition and combustion-supporting burner A is arranged in the furnace body.
Further, the fragment feeding device and the bulk feeding device are provided with combustible gas alarms.
Further, an ash chamber is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and an ash discharging valve is arranged on the ash chamber.
Further, a turnover grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body and above the ash chamber.
Further, an explosion-proof chamber is arranged on the ash chamber.
The beneficial effects obtained by the utility model by adopting the structure are as follows: the small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes can effectively treat garbage generated in life and construction and common organic wastes such as wood dust, grass slag, plastics, paint slag and the like for users to recycle, for example, generate electricity, heat and the like. The different material levels of the furnace body ensure the safe, continuous and automatic operation of the gasification furnace through continuous feedback and automatic control. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages of simple structure, strong gas-solid separation, controllable slag discharge, remarkable material layering, controllable air distribution, high safety and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present solution;
fig. 2 shows a pyrolysis gasification device for household garbage according to the scheme.
Wherein, 1, a large-angle bin, 2, a fragment feeding device, 3, a material distribution and discharge device, 4, a gate valve, 5, a large-block feeding device, 6, an upper gas distribution pipe, 7, an isolator, 8, a furnace body, 9, a lower gas distribution pipe, 10, a gas inlet air pipe, 11, an ash chamber, 12, an ash discharge valve, 13, a gas outlet pipe, 14, a turnover grate, 15 and an explosion-proof chamber, 16, primary fan, 17, secondary fan, 18, tertiary fan, 19, secondary connecting pipe, 20, secondary combustion chamber, 21, waste heat utilization equipment, 22, oxygen analyzer, 23, detecting pipe, 24, ignition and combustion-supporting burner B,25, ignition and combustion-supporting burner A,26, combustible gas alarm, 27 and chimney.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the utility model and together with the embodiments of the utility model, serve to explain the utility model.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the utility model; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the scheme comprises a household garbage pyrolysis gasification device and a closed-loop control system, wherein the household garbage pyrolysis gasification device comprises a large-angle feed bin 1, a fragment feeding device 2, a large-block feeding device 5, an isolator 7 and a furnace body 8, the isolator 7 is connected to the furnace body 8, the large-block feeding device 5 and the fragment feeding device 2 are connected to the isolator 7, the upper parts are respectively provided with different feeding devices so as to adapt to materials with different granularity or states, a cloth discharging device 3 is arranged in the isolator 7, the fragment feeding device 2 is connected with the large-angle feed bin 1, the joint of the cloth discharging device 3 and the fragment feeding device 2 is provided with a gate valve 4, the joint of the cloth discharging device 3 and the large-block feeding device 5 is provided with a gate valve 4, the isolator 7 can relatively effectively collect combustible gas, circularly isolate tar in the upward process, prevent flash explosion in the furnace body, improve the cleanliness and the thermal efficiency of equipment and prevent injury to personnel and equipment, the upper part of the furnace body 8 is connected with a cloth gas distribution system, the cloth gas distribution system comprises an upper gas distribution pipe 6, a lower gas distribution pipe 9 and a lower gas distribution pipe 10 are connected to the air inlet pipe 10 and an air inlet pipe 10 is arranged in the air inlet pipe 10 is connected to the air inlet pipe 10, the air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe 10 and the air inlet pipe 10 is completely, the air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe is completely and the air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe is completely and the top of the system is completely and the material-filled; the gas distribution system provides corresponding gas supplementing measures according to different material layers and different combustion states; the materials in the isolator 7 and the lower part of the furnace body 8 can be divided into materials from top to bottom, the materials can generate combustible gas and ash by the lower part high-temperature calcination cracking reaction, the combustible gas is discharged through an air outlet pipe 13 and supplied to settable environmental protection measures for secondary combustion or other treatment, and the ash is output through an ash chamber 11 and an ash discharge valve 12.
Further, the closed loop control system comprises a primary fan 16, a secondary fan 17 and a tertiary air fan 18, the primary fan 16 is connected with an air inlet air pipe 10, a flowmeter FT101 and a gate valve 4FC101 are arranged on the air inlet air pipe 10, a temperature transformer T105 is arranged on the air inlet air pipe 10, a temperature transformer T106 is arranged at a feed inlet of the fragment feeding device 2 and the bulk feeding device 5, a flowmeter FT102 and a gate valve 4FC102 are arranged on the lower air distribution pipe 9, an oxygen analyzer, a temperature transformer T102, a pressure transformer P102 and a gate valve 4FC104 are arranged on the air outlet pipe 13, a secondary connecting pipe 19 is arranged on the secondary air fan 17, the secondary connecting pipe 19 is connected with the air outlet pipe 13, a flowmeter FT103 is arranged on the secondary connecting pipe 19, the air outlet pipe is connected with a secondary combustion chamber 20, the secondary combustion chamber 20 is connected with a waste heat utilization device 21, the waste heat utilization device 21 adopts a heat exchanger, a waste heat boiler and the like, a temperature transformer T103 is arranged between the secondary combustion chamber 20 and the waste heat utilization device 21, the waste heat utilization device 21 is provided with the temperature transformer T102, the waste heat utilization device 21 is connected with the tertiary air fan 18, and the secondary air fan 18 is connected with the waste heat utilization device 28.
Further, a detection tube 23 is connected to the air outlet tube, the detection tube 23 is connected to the furnace body 8, and a temperature transformer T102 and a pressure transformer P101 are provided on the detection tube 23.
Further, the fragment feeding device 2 and the bulk feeding device 5 are provided with a combustible gas alarm 26.
Further, an ash chamber 11 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 8, and an ash discharging valve 12 is arranged on the ash chamber 11.
Further, a turnover grate 14 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 8 and above the ash chamber 11.
Further, an explosion-proof chamber 15 is arranged on the ash chamber 11, and the explosion-proof chamber 15 adopts elastic gravity self-sealing, and has the functions of furnace guiding, overhauling and the like.
Further, a heat-insulating wear-resistant layer is arranged in the furnace body 8, and the heat-insulating wear-resistant layer is made of a nano heat-insulating material and a hard corundum material, so that the damage of cracks and burning infiltration cracks generated in the temperature rising and falling process to the furnace body 8 can be effectively prevented, and the heat-insulating material has the effects of energy conservation and supporting structure.
Examples
The inclination angle of the large-angle bin 1 is larger than 70 degrees, and blocking and idle burning can be effectively prevented.
The broken piece feeding device 2 and the large block feeding device 5 can be changed into double-screw and gear shaping stirring mechanisms, and the advantage is that the risk of material foggy in a feeding pipeline is reduced.
The turnover grate 14 can be cast and machined, has simple and reliable process, and can adjust different slag breaking angles and ash falling speeds according to different slag conditions.
When the device is specifically used, materials are put in from the fragments feeding device 2 and the large-block feeding device 5, various modes such as a belt conveyor, a screw conveyor, a bucket elevator, a tipping bucket machine or manual work can be utilized to put the materials in the fragments feeding device 2 and the large-block feeding device 5, the block materials are put in from the large-block feeding device 5, the crushed materials are put in from the fragments feeding device 2, the materials with the granularity smaller than 50-80mm are put in from the fragments feeding device 2, and the materials with the maximum size smaller than 700-1000mm are put in from the large-block feeding device 5. According to the materials put in, the corresponding executing structures are opened respectively, and the executing mechanisms adopt electric or hydraulic pressure to push the materials into the isolator 7. And opening the corresponding actuating mechanism of the material distributing and discharging device 3 to level the material; the materials put into the furnace body 8 are respectively dried, pyrolyzed, reduced and oxidized from top to bottom, organic matters in the materials are converted into organic fuel gas, the organic matters enter the next link through a flue gas discharge port, and inorganic matters and other matters in the materials are converted into slag for road construction and the like.
The closed-loop control system comprises the following procedures:
1. closed loop control flow:
A. when the value of the temperature transmitter T106 at the feeding port exceeds 200 ℃, the control system prompts the feeding requirement. According to the types of materials, the crushed block feeding device 2 and the large block feeding device 5 are selected. Materials with the granularity less than 50-80mm are fed from the fragment feeding device 2, and materials with the maximum size less than 700-1000mm are fed from the bulk feeding device 5. As the actuator corresponding to the material loading and unloading device 3 pushes the material into the furnace, the temperature of T106 will decrease. The height of the material is monitored through two travel switches arranged at the tail end of the material distribution and discharging device 3, and the material height is respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the feeding height. And stopping feeding when the feeding height reaches the designated height.
B. After the feeding is finished, the frequency of the three fans is automatically adjusted along with the change of the pressure and the temperature of the hearth and the monitoring of the oxygen content of the organic fuel gas, and the burner is automatically started and stopped and the starting time is controlled.
2. Pressure control:
by controlling the frequency of the tertiary air blower 18, the pressure of the pressure transmitter provided on the furnace is adjusted to a specific value (+ -50 Pa.)
3. Oxygen content control:
the frequency of the primary air blower 16 is adjusted by the oxygen analyzer 22 arranged at the furnace gas outlet (the oxygen content takes 2% as a critical point, the frequency of the blower is adjusted), and the frequency of the secondary air distribution is adjusted by the oxygen analyzer 22 at the chimney outlet (the oxygen content takes 6% as a critical point, the frequency of the blower is adjusted).
4. And (3) temperature control:
the frequency of the primary fan 16 is increased according to the value of the oxygen analyzer 22 at the gas outlet of the hearth through the measured value of the temperature sensor in the hearth, wherein the temperature is lower than 850 ℃; the combustion is turned on by the measurement of the temperature sensor of the secondary combustion chamber 20 at a temperature below 850 ℃.
Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
The utility model and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to the embodiments of the utility model as shown in the drawings. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. A small-size pyrolysis gasification closed loop processing system for multiple organic solid waste, its characterized in that: including domestic waste pyrolysis gasification equipment and closed-loop control system, domestic waste pyrolysis gasification equipment includes wide-angle feed bin, fragment feeding device, large tracts of land feeding device, isolator and furnace body, be equipped with the combustor in the furnace body, the isolator is connected on the furnace body, large tracts of land feeding device and fragment feeding device connect on the isolator, be equipped with cloth discharge apparatus in the isolator, the large-angle feed bin is connected on the fragment feeding device, cloth discharge apparatus and fragment feeding device junction are equipped with the gate valve, cloth discharge apparatus and large tracts of land feeding device junction are equipped with the gate valve, the furnace body internal connection is equipped with down the cloth trachea, be equipped with the cloth trachea on the isolator, connect the tuber pipe that admits air on the isolator, down cloth trachea is connected on the tuber pipe that admits air, be equipped with the outlet duct on the furnace body.
2. The small pyrolysis gasification closed loop treatment system for multiple organic solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein: the closed loop control system comprises a primary fan, a secondary fan and a tertiary air fan, wherein the primary fan is connected with an air inlet air pipe, a flowmeter FT101 and a gate valve FC101 are arranged on the air inlet air pipe, a temperature transformer T105 is arranged on the air inlet air pipe, a temperature transformer T106 is arranged at a feed inlet of the fragment feeding device and the large-block feeding device, a flowmeter FT102 and a gate valve FC102 are arranged on a lower air distribution pipe, an oxygen analyzer, a temperature transformer T102, a pressure transformer P102 and a gate valve FC104 are arranged on an air outlet pipe, a secondary connecting pipe is arranged on the secondary fan, the secondary connecting pipe is connected with the air outlet pipe, a flowmeter FT103 is arranged on the secondary connecting pipe, a secondary combustion chamber is connected with a waste heat utilization device, a temperature transformer T103 is arranged between the secondary combustion chamber and the waste heat utilization device, a temperature transformer T104 is arranged on the waste heat utilization device, the waste heat utilization device is connected with the tertiary air fan, and the tertiary air fan is connected with a chimney, and the chimney is connected with the oxygen analyzer.
3. A compact pyrolysis gasification closed loop processing system for multiple organic solid waste as in claim 2 wherein: the gas outlet pipe is connected with a detection pipe, the detection pipe is connected with the furnace body, and the detection pipe is provided with a temperature transformer T102 and a pressure transformer P101.
4. A compact pyrolysis gasification closed loop processing system for multiple organic solid waste according to claim 3 wherein: an ignition and combustion-supporting burner B is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber, and an ignition and combustion-supporting burner A is arranged in the furnace body.
5. The small pyrolysis gasification closed loop treatment system for multiple organic solid wastes according to claim 4, wherein: and the fragment feeding device and the bulk feeding device are provided with a combustible gas alarm.
6. The small pyrolysis gasification closed loop processing system for multiple organic solid wastes according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom of the furnace body is provided with an ash chamber, and the ash chamber is provided with an ash discharging valve.
7. The small pyrolysis gasification closed loop processing system for multiple organic solid wastes according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the furnace body and the upper part of the ash chamber are provided with turnover fire grates.
8. The small pyrolysis gasification closed loop processing system for multiple organic solid wastes according to claim 7, wherein: an explosion-proof chamber is arranged on the ash chamber.
CN202320274470.1U 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes Active CN219713381U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320274470.1U CN219713381U (en) 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320274470.1U CN219713381U (en) 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Small pyrolysis gasification closed-loop treatment system for various organic solid wastes

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CN219713381U true CN219713381U (en) 2023-09-19

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