CN108105777B - Small-size continuous type domestic waste incineration disposal system - Google Patents
Small-size continuous type domestic waste incineration disposal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108105777B CN108105777B CN201810056142.8A CN201810056142A CN108105777B CN 108105777 B CN108105777 B CN 108105777B CN 201810056142 A CN201810056142 A CN 201810056142A CN 108105777 B CN108105777 B CN 108105777B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
- F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/20—Dewatering by mechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
- F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
- F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/40—Intercepting solids by cyclones
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small continuous household garbage incineration treatment system, which comprises an incineration pretreatment system, an incineration system, an air supply system, a black smoke treatment system and a waste gas treatment system, wherein the incineration pretreatment system is connected with the incineration system; the incineration pretreatment system comprises a garbage can, a garbage self-loading and unloading device, a household garbage crusher, a screw extrusion feeding device and a drum-type garbage drying device; the incinerator comprises a feeding system, an incineration system, an air supply system, a black smoke treatment system and a waste gas treatment system; the black smoke treatment system comprises a black smoke suction outlet and an interlayer sleeve; the waste gas treatment system comprises a dry method device, a semi-dry method device and a dust removal device; the invention comprehensively considers the systematicness of crushing and dehydrating the garbage, improves the air tightness of the incinerator, promotes the full incineration of the garbage, more fully utilizes the deacidification agent, effectively removes pollutants such as acid gas, organic pollutants, particulate matters and the like, reduces the generation of secondary pollutants, and achieves the purposes of reducing cost, high efficiency and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage treatment, in particular to a small continuous household garbage incineration treatment system.
Background
In recent years, the economy of small towns in China is rapidly developed, a large amount of domestic garbage is generated in the production and consumption processes, if the domestic garbage is not properly disposed, certain land is occupied, land resources are wasted, odor is emitted, and various bacteria are bred; the environmental sanitation infrastructure of the small towns is relatively lagged, and the problems of dirt, disorder and bad garbage are obvious when the household garbage is stacked everywhere, so that the reasonable treatment and disposal of the household garbage of the small towns are imperative.
Some small-size domestic waste incineration pretreatment devices exist in the market at present, but none of the devices is relatively general, and all have some defects or shortcomings, such as: the crushing machinery is too expensive, the flow is too long, the dehydration energy consumption is too large, and the like.
Mechanical grate furnaces are also more applied to small-sized continuous household garbage incineration processes, but the existing mechanical grate furnaces in the current market have some defects, namely, a feeding system is imperfect, and an air-tight device is not simple and effective enough; secondly, too much toxic gas is generated in the incineration process, and the internal incineration structure should be optimized as much as possible; thirdly, the black smoke is not utilized and is taken as a pollutant to be sent into a smoke treatment system for treatment, so that resources are wasted and the smoke treatment cost is increased; fourthly, the garbage leachate is mostly destroyed by directly spraying into an incinerator, and the influence on the garbage incineration process is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small-sized continuous domestic garbage incineration treatment system which is low in cost, high in efficiency and environment-friendly, and aims to solve the problems and the defects.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a small-sized continuous household garbage incineration disposal system comprises:
the incineration pretreatment system comprises a garbage can, a garbage self-loading and unloading device, a household garbage crusher, a screw extrusion feeding device and a drum-type garbage drying device;
the system comprises an incineration system, an air supply system, a black smoke treatment system and a waste gas treatment system;
the incineration system comprises an incinerator body, a first combustion chamber, a fire grate, an igniter, a first ash discharge port, a second combustion chamber, a fixed rod fixedly arranged between the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber, a double-flue partition plate arranged on the fixed rod, an infiltration input pipe extending into the combustion chamber, a liquid slow flow mechanism arranged on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate, a second combustion chamber flue gas discharge port arranged on the wall of the second combustion chamber, a secondary combustion air inlet and a secondary combustion fuel injection device, wherein the first combustion chamber, the fire grate, the igniter, the first ash discharge port and the second combustion chamber are arranged in the incinerator body; one end of the fixed rod is communicated with the percolation input pipe, the other end of the fixed pipe is communicated with a percolation liquid collecting and dispersing port arranged on the double-flue partition plate through a percolation liquid guide pipe, the liquid slow flow mechanism is arranged below the percolation liquid collecting and dispersing port and comprises at least one convex rod or groove arranged on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate, and the convex rod or groove enables the flow path of the percolation liquid on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate to be increased;
the air supply system comprises an air-air heat exchanger, the air-air heat exchanger comprises an exchanger body, a cold channel and a hot channel, the cold channel and the hot channel are arranged in the exchanger body, and the hot channel comprises a first air inlet and a fourth air outlet; the cold channel comprises a second air inlet, a first air outlet, a second air outlet and a third air outlet, and the first air outlet, the second air outlet and the third air outlet are communicated with the second air inlet; the fourth air outlet, the first air outlet, the second air outlet and the third air outlet are all provided with air quantity regulating valves; the first air inlet is communicated with a second combustion chamber flue gas outlet pipe, and the fourth air outlet is communicated with an inlet of a waste gas treatment system; the upper part of the second air inlet is communicated with outside fresh air, the first air outlet is communicated with the oxygen-enriched combustion section of the incinerator, the second air outlet is communicated with the oxygen-deficient combustion section of the incinerator, and the third air outlet is communicated with a hot air inlet arranged on the garbage drying barrel;
black cigarette processing system inhales export and intermediate layer sleeve pipe including setting up the black cigarette on two combustion chambers upper portions, the intermediate layer sleeve pipe includes that outer sleeve pipe and cover arrange the capillary in outer sleeve pipe in, outer sleeve pipe includes straight sleeve pipe, sets up at the outer entry of straight sleeve pipe one side and sets up the outer export at straight sleeve pipe end, the capillary includes capillary entry and capillary export, places outer exit in the capillary export is parallel and, and the nozzle is constituteed with outer export to the capillary export, outer entry and black cigarette inhale export intercommunication, capillary entry and pressure source intercommunication, nozzle and postcombustion air inlet intercommunication.
Further, the household garbage crusher comprises a charging hopper, and the screw extrusion feeding device comprises a feeding hopper, an extrusion screw, a spiral pipe, a feeding and discharging port and a driving device; the garbage can is arranged at the lower part of the garbage self-loading and unloading device, the upper end of the garbage self-loading and unloading device is close to the inlet of the charging hopper, the outlet of the charging hopper is communicated with the inlet of the feeding hopper of the screw extrusion feeding device, the feeding and discharging port is embedded at one end of the drum-type garbage drying device and is communicated with the garbage feeding port before drying, and the garbage discharging port after drying is communicated with the inlet of the incinerator; a forward shoveling plate is arranged in the drum-type garbage drying device, a hot air inlet and an odor discharge port are arranged on the garbage drying drum, the hot air inlet is communicated with hot air, the odor discharge port is communicated with an inlet of a straight pipe of the interlayer casing pipe to serve as a pressure source, and a third fan is arranged at the hot air inlet of the drying drum; the lower end of a spiral pipe of the screw extrusion feeding device is provided with a small hole, the lower end of the spiral pipe is provided with a small hole, an arc-shaped groove is sleeved outside the small hole, and the lower end of the arc-shaped groove is provided with a garbage extrusion dehydration liquid outlet.
Furthermore, the liquid slow flow mechanism is formed by welding three convex rods on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate, wherein the inclined Z-shaped diversion trenches are cut off end to end.
Furthermore, the incineration treatment system also comprises a waste heat utilization system, the waste heat utilization system comprises a gas-gas heat exchanger and a gas-liquid heat exchanger, and the gas-liquid heat exchanger comprises a third gas inlet, a fourth gas inlet, a fifth gas outlet and a sixth gas outlet; the fourth gas outlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is communicated with the third gas inlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger, the fourth gas inlet is communicated with an external water channel, the fifth gas outlet is a water outlet, the fifth gas outlet is externally connected with a cooling water tower, water returns to the fourth gas inlet after being cooled, the recycling of cooling water is realized, and the sixth gas outlet is communicated with the first fan inlet.
The waste gas treatment system comprises a dry method device and a semi-dry method device, a first fan is installed on the left side of the dry method device, the dry method device comprises a waste ash pool and a screw ash inlet device, the semi-dry method device comprises a semi-dry method deacidification tower, an air outlet of the first fan is communicated with an inlet of the semi-dry method deacidification tower, an outlet of the screw ash inlet device is installed on a communicating pipeline between the first fan and the semi-dry method deacidification tower and communicated with the pipeline, a second ash discharge port communicated with the pipeline is further arranged between the pipelines, and ash falling out of the screw ash inlet device is sent to the semi-dry method deacidification tower through the first fan.
Furthermore, the waste gas treatment system also comprises a dust removal device, wherein the dust removal device comprises a cyclone dust collector, a bag type dust collector, a second fan and a chimney; the outlet of the semidry deacidification tower is communicated with the inlet of a cyclone dust collector, the outlet of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with the inlet of a bag type dust collector, the outlet of the bag type dust collector is communicated with the air inlet of a second fan, the air outlet of the second fan is communicated with the inlet of a chimney, and the outlet of the chimney is communicated with the outside air; and waste ash discharge ports are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the semi-dry deacidification tower, the cyclone dust collector and the bag type dust collector, the ash discharge ports are provided with valves, the outlets of the ash discharge ports are communicated with the inlet of a waste ash pool, and the outlet of the second ash discharge port is communicated with the outside.
Furthermore, two leaching layers are designed in the semi-dry deacidification tower, the first leaching layer is provided with at least one spray head with a spraying angle of 120 degrees, and the second leaching layer is provided with at least one spray head with a spraying angle of 90 degrees.
Furthermore, the number of the spray heads with the spray angles of 120 degrees arranged on the first leaching layer is three, and the number of the spray heads with the spray angles of 90 degrees arranged on the second leaching layer is one.
The invention relates to a small continuous household garbage incineration treatment system, which has the following advantages compared with the existing incineration treatment system:
1. the main unit equipment of the system can adopt the existing equipment on the market, so that the manufacturing cost is low, and the installation and the operation are simple;
2. the screw extrusion feeding device is used for preliminary dehydration, so that the load of the drum-type garbage drying device is reduced, and the operation energy consumption is reduced;
3. the garbage leachate is treated by using the double-flue partition plate, so that the leachate is treated, and the functions of protecting the partition plate and adjusting the temperature of the incinerator are achieved;
4. a black smoke treatment system and an interlayer sleeve are designed, so that black smoke can be sucked out without extra power and sent to a secondary combustion chamber for treatment;
5. the double-flue design can reduce the generated nitrogen oxides in the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator, thereby reducing the flue gas treatment cost;
6. the screw rod ash feeding system is arranged, waste ash is fully utilized, primary treatment is carried out on flue gas, the use efficiency of a calcium hydroxide medicament is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.
Through optimizing msw incineration pretreatment system, incinerator inner structure and flue gas processing system, the systematicness of broken and dehydration of comprehensive consideration rubbish improves the gas tightness of burning furnace, promotes rubbish fully to burn, reduces the secondary pollutant and produces, and the pollutant such as acid gas, organic pollutant and particulate matter is got rid of effectively to more make full use of calcium hydrate medicament, reaches rubbish and does not fall to the ground, the foul smell does not spread, waste liquid is not arranged outward and waste heat does not waste the purpose such as.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a dual flue baffle of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sandwich sleeve of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1-4, the present invention is a small continuous household garbage incineration system, which comprises an incineration pretreatment system, an incineration system, an air supply system, a black smoke treatment system and a waste gas treatment system; the garbage self-loading and unloading device 2 adopts an automatic lifting loading device similar to a bucket-hanging garbage truck; the household garbage crusher 3 comprises a charging hopper 31, the drum type garbage drying device 4 comprises a garbage feeding port before drying, an odor discharging port 41, a hot air inlet 42 of a drying drum and a garbage discharging port 43 after drying, and a forward shoveling plate is arranged in the drum type garbage drying device 4, so that materials are continuously shoveled and sprinkled in the rotation process of the drum body and fully contacted with hot air, the drying efficiency is improved, and the materials move forwards. Generally, the burned flue gas is not directly used, because the flue gas is too high in temperature, some garbage can be decomposed, the flue gas is not treated, toxic substances are contained, a hot air source can be generated after heat exchange between air and the burned flue gas, a third fan 421 is installed at a hot air inlet 42 of the drying cylinder, and a fresh air source can be extracted through the third fan 421; rubbish is from the upper end of loading and unloading device 2 and the inlet of charging hopper 31 are close together, and the charging hopper 31 export communicates with screw extrusion material feeding unit 18's feeder hopper 181 entry, and pay-off discharge gate 182 is embedded in 4 one ends of cylinder rubbish drying device and communicates with the rubbish pan feeding mouth before the drying, and screw extrusion material feeding unit 18's spiral pipe lower extreme is equipped with the aperture for the liquid waste discharge, the aperture overcoat has the shell, is used for collecting the waste liquid, the shell lower extreme is provided with rubbish extrusion dehydration leakage fluid dram 184.
The incinerator also comprises a hydraulic pushing door device 17, a hydraulic feeding propulsion device 16, a garbage feeding stacking pool 15 and a feeding closed door 24, wherein a sliding chute and a sliding block are arranged at the upper end of the feeding closed door 24, the hydraulic pushing door device 17 is hinged with the contact point of the sliding block, the hydraulic pushing door device 17 is arranged on the left side of the hydraulic feeding propulsion device 16, the hydraulic pushing door device 17 comprises a pushing door rod 25, the pushing door rod 25 penetrates through the hydraulic feeding propulsion device 16 and the garbage feeding stacking pool 15, and the garbage feeding stacking pool 15 is made of corrosion-resistant materials with certain strength; the hydraulic feeding propulsion device 16 is provided with a column-shaped piston, the hydraulic feeding propulsion device 16 is arranged on the left side of the garbage feeding stacking pool 15, the shape of an inlet of the garbage feeding stacking pool 15 is matched and communicated with a discharge port 43 of a garbage pretreatment system, the feeding sealing door 24 is made of high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, the feeding sealing door 24 is a hanging type inclined leaning door and is hinged and fixed with a contact point of an inlet of an incinerator, and an outlet of the garbage feeding stacking pool 15 is communicated with the inlet of the incinerator and is separated from the inlet of the incinerator through the feeding sealing door 24. Garbage enters the garbage stacking pool 15 after being pretreated, then the garbage is pushed into the front section of a combustion chamber 51 of the incinerator by the hydraulic feeding pushing device 16, when feeding, the feeding closed door 24 is opened by the hydraulic pushing door device 17 along with the hydraulic feeding pushing device 16, because the feeding closed door 24 is heavier, if the hydraulic pushing door device 17 is not arranged, the garbage can be compressed in the feeding process, after feeding, the hydraulic pushing door device 17 contracts to enable the feeding closed door 24 to be closed, then the hydraulic feeding pushing device 16 returns to the original position, so that the incinerator keeps better sealing, and the shape of an inlet of the garbage feeding stacking pool 15 is matched and communicated with a discharge port 43 of a garbage pretreatment system. The liquid flow slowing mechanism 21 is arranged below the percolate collecting and dispersing port 20, the liquid flow slowing mechanism 21 comprises at least one convex rod or groove arranged on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate 23, and the convex rod or groove enables the flow path of percolate on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate 23 to be increased so as to be beneficial to full evaporation and destruction. The black smoke treatment system comprises a black smoke suction outlet 58 and an interlayer sleeve 59; the air supply system comprises an air-to-air heat exchanger 6 and associated piping, said air-to-air heat exchanger 6 comprising a first air inlet 61, a second air inlet 62, a first air outlet 63, a second air outlet 64, a third air outlet 65 and a fourth air outlet 66, said second air inlet 62 being sourced from a third air blower 421.
The invention also comprises a waste heat utilization system which comprises a gas-gas heat exchanger 6 and a gas-liquid heat exchanger 7; the fifth air outlet 73 is a water outlet, the fifth air outlet 73 is externally connected with a cooling water tower, and water returns to the fourth air inlet 72 after being cooled, so that the cyclic utilization of cooling water is realized; the waste gas treatment system comprises a dry method device, a semi-dry method device and a dust removal device; a first fan 13 is arranged on the left side of the dry device, the dry device comprises a waste ash pool 14 and a screw ash feeder 141, dry lime powder is filled in the screw ash feeder 141, the semi-dry device comprises a semi-dry deacidification tower 8, and a second ash discharge port 26 is arranged between pipelines communicated with the first fan 13 and the semi-dry deacidification tower 8; the ash feeding amount can be adjusted by utilizing the rotating speed of the screw, under the general condition, the alkalinity of waste ash is stronger, calcium hydroxide does not completely react with acid substances, and therefore the waste ash can be reused, the surface containing calcium hydroxide particles can be exposed after the waste ash is extruded and rubbed by the screw ash feeding system, and the waste ash can react with acid gases in flue gas, and in addition, the surface area of the waste ash is larger, so that the waste ash has certain adsorption capacity, and a certain amount of soot particles, dioxin-type solids, heavy metals and the like can be adsorbed. Most of the waste ash mixed with the flue gas falls into an ash discharge port at the front end of the air inlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower, and then is discharged out of the flue gas treatment system and transported away. Two leaching layers are designed in the semi-dry deacidification tower 8, the first leaching layer is provided with at least one spray head 81 with a spray angle of 120 degrees, and the second leaching layer is provided with at least one spray head 82 with a spray angle of 90 degrees; the dust removal device comprises a cyclone dust collector 9, a bag type dust collector 10, a second fan 12 and a chimney 11; an outlet of the semidry deacidification tower 8 is communicated with an inlet of a cyclone dust collector 9, an outlet of the cyclone dust collector 9 is communicated with an inlet of a bag type dust collector 10, an outlet of the bag type dust collector 10 is communicated with an air inlet of a second fan 12, an air outlet of the second fan 12 is communicated with an inlet of a chimney 11, and an outlet of the chimney 11 is communicated with outside air; the bottoms of the semi-dry deacidification tower 8, the cyclone dust collector 9 and the bag type dust collector 10 are respectively provided with a waste ash discharge port, the ash discharge ports are provided with valves, the outlets of the ash discharge ports are communicated with the inlet of a waste ash pond 26, and the outlet of the waste ash pond 26 is communicated with the outside;
as shown in fig. 1-4, comprises a pre-incineration treatment system, an incineration system, an air supply system, a black smoke treatment system and an exhaust gas treatment system; the black smoke treatment system comprises a black smoke suction outlet 58 and an interlayer sleeve 59 which are arranged at the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 52, wherein the interlayer sleeve 59 comprises an outer layer sleeve and a capillary tube sleeved in the outer layer sleeve, the outer layer sleeve comprises a straight sleeve, an outer layer inlet 591 arranged at one side of the straight sleeve and an outer layer outlet arranged at the tail end of the straight sleeve, the capillary tube comprises a capillary tube inlet 592 and a capillary tube outlet, the capillary tube outlet is parallel and arranged in the outer layer outlet, the capillary tube outlet and the outer layer outlet form a nozzle 593, the outer layer inlet 591 is communicated with the black smoke suction outlet 58, the capillary tube inlet 592 is communicated with a pressure source, and the nozzle 593 is communicated with the secondary combustion air inlet 56. In order to treat a small amount of garbage percolate, the liquid outlet 184 is communicated with the fixed rod 19, the communicating pipeline is provided with a pressure water pump 27, the hollow fixed rod in the double-flue partition plate is used for conveying the percolate, the percolate is pumped into the upper surface of the partition plate, the liquid slow-flow mechanism 21 is formed by welding three or four or five convex rods on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate 23 to form an inclined Z-shaped diversion trench which is cut off end to end, so that the liquid flows from high to low, then the moisture is evaporated in the incinerator and then the liquid is incinerated, and the waste liquid is favorably and sufficiently and quickly destroyed. The design can not only dispose the garbage percolate, but also ensure that the temperature of the partition plate is not too high so as to prevent the partition plate from being burnt, and can also control the temperature of the incinerator. If the temperature of the incinerator is too high, a large amount of liquid can be pumped in for timely cooling so as to avoid burning the fireproof bricks of the incinerator; if the temperature is too low, less liquid or no liquid can be pumped in, so that the energy output of the incinerator is reduced, and the incineration temperature is quickly increased.
The household garbage is primarily sorted and then is loaded into the garbage can 1, the garbage is lifted up and down through the garbage self-loading and unloading device 2, the garbage is unloaded and poured into the charging hopper 31 of the garbage crusher 3, the crushing speed of the garbage is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the garbage crusher 3, the crushed garbage falls into the feeding hopper 181, the driving device 183 drives the screw extrusion feeding device 18 to primarily dehydrate the garbage and then is fed into the roller type garbage drying device 4 through the feeding and discharging port 182, the dried garbage is discharged from the discharging port 43 to the incinerator body 5 to be incinerated, the feeding system controls the amount of the garbage entering the incinerator, the garbage can sequentially pass through the drying section, the incinerating section and the burning and cinder section on the grate 511 of the first combustion chamber, the final ash slag can be discharged from the first ash discharging port 54, the generated smoke can enter the second combustion chamber 52 through the double-flue clamping plate 23 to perform oxidation-reduction reaction, reducing the generation of pollutants, ensuring that the smoke is kept for more than 2s at 850 ℃ by arranging a secondary gas supply device in the secondary combustion chamber 52, sucking a small amount of black smoke back into the secondary combustion chamber 52 through an interlayer sleeve 59 for secondary combustion, leading the generated smoke to pass through a gas-gas heat exchanger 6 to preheat fresh air fed into an incinerator, then passing through a gas-liquid heat exchanger 7, rapidly cooling the smoke to the temperature required by a smoke treatment system at the moment, fully utilizing the waste heat, then entering the smoke treatment system, leading garbage incineration smoke containing a large amount of ash, acidic gas and other toxic gases to be pumped into a semi-dry deacidification tower by a first fan 13 after being cooled, and utilizing waste ash discharged from the bottoms of the semi-dry deacidification tower 8, a cyclone dust collector 9 and a bag type dust collector 10 secondarily by a dry method device arranged between an air outlet of the first fan 13 and an air inlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower 8, most of the waste ash mixed with the flue gas falls into a second ash discharge port 26 at the front end of an air inlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower 8 and is discharged out of a flue gas treatment system and transported away, the flue gas is primarily treated by contacting with the waste ash and then enters the semi-dry deacidification tower 8, the flue gas is leached by lime milk to remove acid gas, partial dioxin solids and ash, most of toxic gases are removed from the flue gas treated by the semi-dry deacidification tower 8, only more ash is left, and then the flue gas passes through the cyclone dust collector 9 and the bag type dust collector 10 in sequence to remove the acid gas, organic pollutants and particulate matters, and finally the flue gas reaches the standard and is discharged through a chimney.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a small-size continuous type domestic waste incineration disposal system which characterized in that: comprises that
A pre-incineration treatment system, which comprises a garbage can (1), a garbage self-loading and unloading device (2), a household garbage crusher (3), a screw extrusion feeding device (18) and a drum-type garbage drying device (4);
the system comprises an incineration system, an air supply system, a black smoke treatment system and a waste gas treatment system;
the incineration system comprises an incinerator body (5), a first combustion chamber (51), a fire grate (511), an igniter (53), a first ash discharge port (54), a second combustion chamber (52) arranged in the incinerator body (5), a fixed rod (19) fixedly arranged between the first combustion chamber (51) and the second combustion chamber (52), a double-flue partition plate (23) arranged on the fixed rod (19), an infiltration input pipe extending into the combustion chamber, a liquid slow-flow mechanism (21) arranged on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate (23), a second combustion chamber flue gas discharge port (55) arranged on the wall of the second combustion chamber (52), a secondary combustion air inlet (56) and a secondary combustion fuel injection device (57); one end of the fixed rod (19) is communicated with the infiltration input pipe, the other end of the fixed rod (19) is communicated with an infiltration liquid collecting and scattering port (20) arranged on the double-flue partition plate (23) through an infiltration liquid guide pipe (22), the liquid slow flow mechanism (21) is arranged below the infiltration liquid collecting and scattering port (20), the liquid slow flow mechanism (21) comprises at least one convex rod or groove arranged on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate (23), and the convex rod or groove enables the flow path of the infiltration liquid on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate (23) to be increased;
the air supply system comprises an air-air heat exchanger (6), wherein the air-air heat exchanger (6) comprises an exchanger body, a cold channel and a hot channel, the cold channel and the hot channel are arranged in the exchanger body, and the hot channel comprises a first air inlet (61) and a fourth air outlet (66); the cold channel comprises a second air inlet (62), a first air outlet (63), a second air outlet (64) and a third air outlet (65), and the first air outlet (63), the second air outlet (64) and the third air outlet (65) are communicated with the second air inlet (62); the fourth air outlet (66), the first air outlet (63), the second air outlet (64) and the third air outlet (65) are all provided with air quantity regulating valves; the first air inlet (61) is communicated with a second combustion chamber flue gas outlet (55) through a pipe, and the fourth air outlet (66) is communicated with an inlet of a waste gas treatment system; the upper part of the second air inlet (62) is communicated with outside fresh air, the first air outlet (63) is communicated with an oxygen-enriched combustion section (512) of the incinerator, the second air outlet (64) is communicated with an oxygen-deficient combustion section (513) of the incinerator, and the third air outlet (65) is communicated with a hot air inlet (42) arranged on the garbage drying barrel;
the black smoke treatment system comprises a black smoke suction outlet (58) and an interlayer sleeve (59) which are arranged at the upper part of a secondary combustion chamber (52), wherein the interlayer sleeve (59) comprises an outer sleeve and a capillary tube sleeved in the outer sleeve, the outer sleeve comprises a straight sleeve, an outer inlet (591) arranged on one side of the straight sleeve and an outer outlet arranged at the tail end of the straight sleeve, the capillary tube comprises a capillary tube inlet (592) and a capillary tube outlet, the capillary tube outlet is parallel to and arranged in the outer outlet, the capillary tube outlet and the outer outlet form a nozzle (593), the outer inlet (591) is communicated with the black smoke suction outlet (58), the capillary tube inlet (592) is communicated with a pressure source, and the nozzle (593) is communicated with a secondary combustion air inlet (56);
the household garbage crusher (3) comprises a charging hopper (31), and the screw extrusion feeding device (18) comprises a feeding hopper (181), an extrusion screw, a spiral pipe, a feeding and discharging port (182) and a driving device (183); the garbage can (1) is installed at the lower part of the garbage self-loading and unloading device (2), the upper end of the garbage self-loading and unloading device (2) is close to the inlet of the charging hopper (31), the outlet of the charging hopper (31) is communicated with the inlet of a feeding hopper (181) of the screw extrusion feeding device (18), the feeding and discharging port (182) is embedded into one end of the drum-type garbage drying device (4) and is communicated with a garbage feeding port before drying, and the dried garbage discharging port (43) is communicated with the inlet of the incinerator; a forward shoveling plate is installed in the drum-type garbage drying device (4), a hot air inlet (42) and an odor discharge port (41) are formed in the garbage drying cylinder, the hot air inlet (42) is communicated with hot air, the odor discharge port (41) is communicated with an inlet (591) of a straight sleeve of the interlayer sleeve (59) to serve as a pressure source, and a third fan (421) is installed at the hot air inlet (42) of the drying cylinder; the lower end of a spiral pipe of the screw extrusion feeding device (18) is provided with a small hole, the lower end of the spiral pipe is provided with a small hole, an arc-shaped groove (185) is sleeved outside the small hole, and the lower end of the arc-shaped groove (185) is provided with a garbage extrusion dehydration liquid outlet (184);
the liquid slow flow mechanism (21) is formed by welding three convex rods on the upper surface of the double-flue partition plate (23) to form an inclined Z-shaped diversion trench which is disconnected from the head to the tail;
the incineration treatment system further comprises a waste heat utilization system, the waste heat utilization system comprises a gas-gas heat exchanger (6) and a gas-liquid heat exchanger (7), and the gas-liquid heat exchanger (7) comprises a third gas inlet (71), a fourth gas inlet (72), a fifth gas outlet (73) and a sixth gas outlet (74); a fourth air outlet (66) of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (6) is communicated with a third air inlet (71) of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (7), the fourth air inlet (72) is communicated with an external water channel and a cooling water tower channel, a fifth air outlet (73) is a water outlet, the fifth air outlet (73) is externally connected with the cooling water tower, water is cooled and then returns to the fourth air inlet (72), the recycling of cooling water is realized, and a sixth air outlet (74) is communicated with an inlet of the first fan (13);
the waste gas treatment system comprises a dry method device and a semi-dry method device, wherein a first fan (13) is installed on the left side of the dry method device, the dry method device comprises a waste ash pool (14) and a screw ash inlet device (141), the semi-dry method device comprises a semi-dry method deacidification tower (8), an air outlet of the first fan (13) is communicated with an inlet of the semi-dry method deacidification tower (8), an outlet of the screw ash inlet device (141) is installed on a communication pipeline between the first fan (13) and the semi-dry method deacidification tower (8) and communicated with the pipeline, a second ash discharge port (26) communicated with the pipeline is further arranged between the pipelines, and ash dropped out from the screw ash inlet device (141) is conveyed into the semi-dry method deacidification tower (8) through the first fan (13);
the waste gas treatment system also comprises a dust removal device, wherein the dust removal device comprises a cyclone dust collector (9), a bag type dust collector (10), a second fan (12) and a chimney (11); an outlet of the semi-dry deacidification tower (8) is communicated with an inlet of a cyclone dust collector (9), an outlet of the cyclone dust collector (9) is communicated with an inlet of a bag type dust collector (10), an outlet of the bag type dust collector (10) is communicated with an air inlet of a second fan (12), an air outlet of the second fan (12) is communicated with an inlet of a chimney (11), and an outlet of the chimney (11) is communicated with outside air; the bottoms of the semidry deacidification tower (8), the cyclone dust collector (9) and the bag type dust collector (10) are respectively provided with a waste ash discharge port, the ash discharge ports are provided with valves, the outlets of the ash discharge ports are communicated with the inlet of a waste ash pond (14), and the outlet of the second ash discharge port (26) is communicated with the outside;
two leaching layers are designed in the semi-dry deacidification tower (8), the first leaching layer is provided with at least one spray head (81) with a spraying angle of 120 degrees, and the second leaching layer is provided with at least one spray head (82) with a spraying angle of 90 degrees;
the number of the spray heads (81) with the spray angles of 120 degrees arranged on the first leaching layer is three, and the number of the spray heads (82) with the spray angles of 90 degrees arranged on the second leaching layer is one.
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| CN201810056142.8A CN108105777B (en) | 2018-01-20 | 2018-01-20 | Small-size continuous type domestic waste incineration disposal system |
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| CN110236440B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-10-08 | 北京金茂绿建科技有限公司 | Incineration type closestool |
| CN110715305B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-06-15 | 浙江大维高新技术股份有限公司 | Incinerator capable of achieving green emission and waste heat utilization |
| CN116498973B (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-22 | 浙江百能科技有限公司 | PTA byproduct solid and liquid waste mixed incineration treatment system |
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Effective date of registration: 20210422 Address after: 100040 room 609, great wall building, block a, 22 Shijingshan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing Applicant after: BEIJING ZHONGLI XINDA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510032 A3146, west side of Zhong Cun New Town Road, 105 National Road, Zhong Cun street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong. Applicant before: GUANGZHOU BE WORLD ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE Co.,Ltd. |
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Address after: 100040 room 609, great wall building, block a, 22 Shijingshan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing Applicant after: Beijing zhonglixinda Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100040 room 609, great wall building, block a, 22 Shijingshan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing Applicant before: BEIJING ZHONGLI XINDA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. |
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