Reciprocating fire grate furnace for domestic garbage burning electricity generation
Technical field
The utility model belongs to waste incineration and generating electricity equipment technical field, in particular to a kind of to send out for consumer waste incineration
The reciprocating fire grate furnace of electricity, suitable for burning the rubbish that moisture content is high, calorific value is low.
Background technique
Mechanical grate incinerator is developing history longest, the most widely used type of furnace, accounts for the whole world waste incineration total market size
75% or more, the sharpest edges of such type of furnace are technology maturation, and stable, wide adaptability, most house refuses are not
It needs any pretreatment that can directly burn into furnace, is relatively suitble to the feature that Chinese small and medium-sized cities msw water content is high, calorific value is low, it is main
To be applied to large scale rubbish to focus on, burn away the refuse power generation (or heat supply).
Since last century the eighties Importing Foreign Advanced Technology and equipment, the application of China's grate furnace technology starts general
And.There are many fire grate form of mechanical grate incinerator, it is main include rock type, step reciprocating formula arranged side by side, reserve motion formula, staged,
Crawler type, drum-type grate.It is the characteristics of for domestic waste, most of to use step reciprocating formula (forwards/backstepping) fire grate.
According to forms of motion of the rubbish on fire grate, fire grate can be divided into pusher type and two kinds of inverse-push.Its activity template of pusher type fire grate
The direction of motion is consistent with the direction that rubbish advances in furnace, and the activity template of inverse-push fire grate, the direction of motion and rubbish downlink
It is contrary.
External waste incinerator drainage technique main feature: (1) it Martin, Mitsubishi backstepping reciprocating fire grate: is sent into from bottom empty
Gas is simultaneously blown out from the gap between fire grate, and reverse push extends the rubbish residence time;Fire grate segment point activity and fixed grate, according to spy
Fixed angle tilt is simultaneously arranged successively, and when rubbish is downwardly gravitating mobile, lower layer is by opposite thrust, so that part rubbish
It moves back up, so that stirring is abundant;
(2) Hitachi's shipbuilding, Feng Luoer forwards reciprocating fire grate furnace: it is suitable for drying garbage;Effective rubbish of loosening;Grate area
It is sufficient;Shear knife is configured to be crushed bulk rubbish;Air temperature of high temperature;The Secondary Air of heating;The furnace wall of firebrick structure;
(3) the super reciprocating fire grate of JFE Engineering Co., Ltd: fire grate segment side is finished, and fire grate does not have gap, furnace
The grey quantity of slag fallen on row is reduced to a minimum;High crushing fire grate;Intermediate bulkhead generates secondary back full combustion, reduces
NOx and dioxin;Using low latitude gas than combustion technology, discharge amount of exhaust gas is reduced;
(4) the reciprocating forwards fire grate of Takuma K. K. SN: air distribution is carried out using multi-wind-chamber, and spray is set in fire grate
Mouth, fire grate gap is small, and inside is provided with scale, moves back and forth and digs, stirs rubbish, using embedded disassembly and assembly structure, point dry,
It burns, burn three sections;
(5) Ebara Corporation HPCC type fire grate: gap is minimum between fire grate segment, fire grate integral level arrangement, furnace
Screening forwards tilts 20 ° upwards, is divided into 4 sections to burning segment from dry, independently drives, can be controlled respectively according to the variation of rubbish
Fltting speed processed;
(6) Germany BABCOCK Ba Kaoke company's roller bottom fire grate, is made of multiple fire grate rollers.Made often by driving device
A fire grate roller rotation, wherein the rotation direction of adjacent fire grate roller is identical.These fire grate rollers are tilted along one
Plane axial each other arrange in parallel and at a certain distance.Always there is a combustion things cabin between these fire grate rollers, by
The comburant of fire grate roller transmission rolls in the cabin.The combustion things cabin is closed in lower section by hard stripper, the stripper quilt
It is fixed on the stripper bracket being located at below fire grate roller.The distance of stripper always with respect to one fire grate roller very little is used
To form a removing gap.The effect of the stripper is that the adhesion object that will be likely to form on fire grate roller strips down.
Defect existing for prior art waste incineration and generating electricity technology: it when moisture content is high, calorific value is low in rubbish composition, deposits
In rubbish, just conglomeration is agglomerated in refuse pit, and agitation, which is broken up, in grate furnace is easy knot when being not thorough, dry and burning
Unity block can not be adjusted according to the characteristic of rubbish well, and clinker ignition loss is unable to reach national standard.
Break up the agitation of reciprocating fire grate furnace thoroughly, how to improve the treatment effeciency of burning, how to reduce feeding port
Height, become urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is above-mentioned technical problem to be solved, and is provided a kind of for the past of domestic garbage burning electricity generation
Compound grate furnace, agitation are broken up thoroughly, and the height of feeding port is reduced, and improve burning disposal efficiency.
For the reciprocating fire grate furnace of domestic garbage burning electricity generation, including garbage feeding bucket, fixed frame, in fixed frame
It is provided with grate incinerator, high-temperature flue gas interface is provided at the top of grate incinerator, high-temperature flue gas interface connects dual firing chamber, two combustions
In the burner hearth of waste heat boiler, the steam pipework of waste heat boiler is connected to steam generating equipment for room, and the high temperature of waste heat boiler heating steams
Steam flow generates electricity to steam generating equipment, it is characterised in that: the bottom of the garbage feeding bucket passes sequentially through front wall, pusher
Device, dryer section, burning zone, burning segment, finally connect with ash hopper, after being provided between the top and fixed frame of ash hopper
Wall, wherein dryer section uses inverse-push fire grate, and burning zone and burning segment are all made of pusher type fire grate;Dryer section, is burnt burning zone
Ash bucket is provided with below the fire grate of section, the lower section of ash bucket is connect by flap valve with scrapper conveyor, the end of scrapper conveyor and ash discharge
Bucket connection;
The entrance two sides of high-temperature flue gas interface are provided with face arch and rear arch, and face arch and rear arch are the wind-guiding gear of L-type structure
Plate, the L-type structure long side wind-guiding of face arch is towards front wall;The L-type structure long side of rear arch is connect with rear wall.
The dryer section, burning zone, burning segment collectively constitute the fire grate structure that one section of backstepping adds two sections of forwards.
It is provided at the top of the garbage feeding bucket and is dispersed with stirring device, be dispersed with stirring device and driven by the decelerating motor of side
It is dynamic, the top of device is dispersed with stirring as the composite structure of the rectangle framework of open-topped cylinder and bottom opening, cylinder bottom plate
It is provided centrally with rotary shaft, one end that rotary shaft is located at below cylinder bottom plate is provided with driven wheel, and driven wheel passes through belt and subtracts
The driving wheel of speed motor output shaft connects;
One end that rotary shaft is located above cylinder bottom plate is disposed with two groups of paddles upwards, and two groups of paddles are at right angle
Arranged crosswise.
The rectangle framework for being dispersed with stirring device is located at the tangential direction of cylinder.
The lower part of the disperser is open-topped cylindrical door, and cylindrical door is connect with cylinder, cylindrical
The side of door towards decelerating motor is provided with opening;Bearing block A is provided between the rotary shaft and cylinder bottom plate.
The utility model is structurally reasonable, pre-dispersed processing is carried out to rubbish by the preposition device that is dispersed with stirring, by one
Section backstepping adds two sections of pusher type fire grates, and grate area is larger, reduces the height of feeding port, and rubbish agitation is broken up thoroughly, can be very
It is adjusted according to the characteristic of rubbish well, clinker ignition loss has reached national standard, improves the treatment effeciency of burning, reduces
Cost is burned, with good economic efficiency and social benefit is promoted and applied.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the grate incinerator structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is that the utility model is dispersed with stirring device structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the utility model is dispersed with stirring device paddle structural schematic diagram.
In figure: 1. discharging platforms;2. refuse pit;3. garbage crane and grab bucket;4. garbage feeding bucket;5. fire grate burns
Furnace;6. garbage leaching liquid pond;19. being dispersed with stirring device;20. face arch;21. front wall;22. pusher;23. scrapper conveyor;24. ash bucket;
25. ash hopper;Wall after 26.;27. fixed frame;28. rear arch;29. high-temperature flue gas interface;51. dryer section;52. burning zone;53.
Burning segment;191. cylinder;192. cylindrical doors;193. paddle.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, but not as limitations of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, being used for the reciprocating fire grate furnace of domestic garbage burning electricity generation, including garbage feeding bucket 4, fixed frame
27, grate incinerator 5 is provided in fixed frame 27, and the top of grate incinerator 5 is provided with high-temperature flue gas interface 29, high temperature cigarette
Gas interface 29 meets dual firing chamber, and dual firing chamber provides the fuel of waste heat boiler, the steam pipe of waste heat boiler in the burner hearth of waste heat boiler
Road is connected to steam generating equipment, and the high-temperature steam of waste heat boiler heating flows to steam generating equipment and generates electricity, the rubbish
The bottom of feed hopper 4 passes sequentially through front wall 21, pusher 22, dryer section 51, burning zone 52, burning segment 53, finally and ash hopper
25 connections, are provided with rear wall 26 between the top and fixed frame 27 of ash hopper 25, and wherein dryer section 51 uses inverse-push fire grate,
Burning zone 52 and burning segment 53 are all made of pusher type fire grate;Dryer section 51, burning zone 52, burning segment 53 fire grate below be respectively provided with
There is the lower section of ash bucket 24, ash bucket 24 to connect by flap valve with scrapper conveyor 23, the end of scrapper conveyor 23 is connect with ash hopper 25;
The entrance two sides of high-temperature flue gas interface 29 are provided with face arch 20 and rear arch 28, and face arch 20 and rear arch 28 are L-type knot
The wind-guiding baffle of structure, the L-type structure long side wind-guiding of face arch 20 is towards front wall 21;The L-type structure long side of rear arch 28 and rear wall 26 connect
It connects;
The dryer section 51, burning zone 52, burning segment 53 collectively constitute the fire grate structure that one section of backstepping adds two sections of forwards;
It is dispersed with stirring device 19 as shown in Figure 1, being provided at the top of the garbage feeding bucket 4, is dispersed with stirring device 19 by one
The decelerating motor of side drives;
As shown in figure 3, the top for being dispersed with stirring device 19 is the rectangle framework of open-topped cylinder 191 and bottom opening
Composite structure, 191 bottom plate of cylinder is provided centrally with rotary shaft, and one end that rotary shaft is located at below 191 bottom plate of cylinder is provided with
Driven wheel, driven wheel are connected by belt and the driving wheel of geared motor output shaft;
As shown in figure 4, one end that rotary shaft is located above 191 bottom plate of cylinder is disposed with two groups of paddles 193 upwards,
Two groups of paddles 193 are arranged at crossing at right angle;
The rectangle framework for being dispersed with stirring device 19 is located at the tangential direction of cylinder 191;
The lower part of the disperser 19 is open-topped cylindrical door 192, cylindrical door 192 and cylinder 191
Connection, the side of cylindrical door 192 towards decelerating motor is provided with opening;Between 191 bottom plate of rotary shaft and cylinder
It is provided with bearing block A;Bearing block B is provided between in the middle part of rotary shaft and cylinder (191), the fixed link of bearing block B is located at two groups
Between paddle 193.
When it is implemented, working principle of the utility model is: as shown in Figure 1, being provided with rubbish below 1 side of discharging platform
Storage hole 2, house refuse is transported in refuse pit 2, and rubbish is stacked in refuse pit 2 using subregion, and the side of refuse pit 2 is set
It is equipped with garbage leaching liquid pond 6, garbage crane and grab bucket 3 are installed, 2 side of refuse pit, which is provided with, to push away above refuse pit 2
The garbage feeding bucket 4 of material machine, garbage feeding bucket 4 are connected to the feeding inlet of grate incinerator 5, garbage crane and grab bucket 3 for rubbish
Grab to be sent to and be dispersed with stirring device 19, be dispersed with stirring device 19 to rubbish carry out it is preliminary be dispersed with stirring, the rubbish after being dispersed with stirring passes through
Garbage feeding bucket 4 falls, and pusher 22 carries out pusher movement, and high-temperature flue gas passes through face arch 20, falls to from 4 mouthfuls of garbage feeding bucket
Rubbish carry out preliminarily dried, the rubbish of preliminarily dried enters grate furnace and burns, one section of inverse-push fire grate of dryer section 51,
There is height between every section in the pusher type fire grate twice of burning zone 52 and burning segment 53, dryer section 51, burning zone 52 and burning segment 53
Spend drop, easy to knot groups are not agglomerated when breaing up thorough, dry and burning to the agitation of rubbish, can well according to the characteristic of rubbish into
Row is adjusted, and clinker ignition loss has reached national standard, improved the treatment effeciency of burning, reduces burning cost;The combustion of grate furnace
First air needed for burning derives from the foul smell that refuse pit 2 generates, and air preheater is using burning 850 DEG C of flue gases of outlet of still as heat
Foul smell is heated to 220 DEG C as First air by heat exchange by source;It is discharged after burning at lime-ash.Generation is burned in grate furnace
High-temperature flue gas is all sent to waste heat boiler, and waste heat boiler recycles the heat of high-temperature flue gas, generates medium pressure steam, passes through steam
Generating equipment generates electricity.During maintenance, foul gas is sent to dedicated odor treating device, purifies rear discharge up to standard.
The utility model should take following technology in use: (1) house refuse pilling up time in pond is no less than
3d;(2) appropriate to increase dry or burning segment fire grate length;(3) flue-gas temperature controlled in burner hearth and second-time burning room is not low
In 850 DEG C, residence time of the flue gas in burner hearth and second-time burning room is not less than 2s, rationally controls air quantity, the temperature of combustion air
Degree and injection phase;(4) the CO concentration controlled in flue gas is lower than 60mg/m3, O2Concentration is no less than 6%;(5) rubbish on fire grate
Thickness of feed layer is maintained at 400~800mm range;(6) air temperature is improved, house refuse is kept to be fully warmed-up drying;(7) it fires
It burns room lower part and does not set water-cooling wall, using the good refractory material of performance;(8) consumer waste leachate water concentrate after otherwise processed, not to
Spray is returned in combustion chamber;(9) advanced, perfect and reliable a full set of automatic control system is set in municipal solid waste incinerator, makes to burn
It is smoothly executed with purification process.
Embodiment one, technical solution provided by the utility model is: a kind of one section of inverse-push adds two sections of pusher type fire grates
Reciprocating fire grate furnace, including feed system, fire grate and deslagging device, wherein the fire grate is divided into from high to low: dry
Section 51, burning zone 52 and burning segment 53, there are height fall between every section, the fire grate ontology of dryer section is inverse-push, burning zone
Fire grate ontology with burning segment is pusher type.
Reciprocating fire grate furnace further includes electrohydraulic control system, and the electrohydraulic control system includes being separately positioned on dryer section 51
Inverse-push fire grate below cylinder drive, the oil cylinder below the pusher type fire grate of burning zone 52 and burning segment 53 drives dress
It sets, the cylinder drive of feed system, the cylinder drive of deslagging device side.By dryer section 51, burning zone 52 and combustion
Cinder section 53 forms grate furnace primary zone, is equipped in the top of primary zone's burning segment 53 and falls grey return, this falls
Grey return is connected to the burning segment 53 of primary zone, by big flue dust in the flue gas of secondary combustion chamber trapping by falling
Ash pipe returns to primary zone and is further burnt, and forms interior circulation.Further, the dryer section 51,52 and of burning zone
What the height fall between every section of burning segment 53 can form drop falls step, the rubbish for the conglomeration that can make to burn fall be crushed into
The burning of one step.
The inverse-push fire grate of dryer section 51 is single-row design, and using an oil cylinder driving, the bed surface of inverse-push fire grate is in
26 ° are in tilted layout and are configured in an interleaved manner by fixed grate film and movable furnace grate plate, the movable furnace grate plate of inverse-push fire grate
Range is 230mm, and the top of the fire grate segment of inverse-push fire grate is equipped with exhaust vent, which is connected in transverse direction with bolt
It connects, one end is fixed, whole to expand to the other side;The left side of fire grate is equipped with the mechanical compensation dress that can be expanded with heat and contract with cold for preventing from leaking out
It sets, guarantees that fire grate segment is close to side friction block always under heating status, prevent improper air leakage phenomena.
The pusher type fire grate of burning zone 52 and burning segment 53 is single-row arrangement, respectively using an oil cylinder driving, burning zone
52 are located at below the outlet of the end fire grate segment of the inverse-push fire grate of dryer section 51, and burning segment 53 is located at the pusher type of burning zone 52
Below the outlet of the end fire grate segment of fire grate, pusher type fire grate is in tilted layout and in 12 ° by fixed grate film and movable furnace grate plate
It configures in an interleaved manner, the range of the moving grate of pusher type fire grate is 260mm.
Reciprocating fire grate furnace further includes fire grate automatic control system, air compartment and puts grey channel;It air compartment and puts grey channel and includes
1 independent backstepping air compartment below backstepping fire grate ontology and 5 independent forwards below forwards fire grate ontology
Air compartment, and each air compartment is equipped with fan-shaped air door, is controlled by being located at the fan-shaped regulating device of air door on the outside of air compartment.
The beneficial effect of the present embodiment is that one section of inverse-push adds two sections of pusher type fire grate structures to make the combustion conditions of rubbish more
Stablize, adjusts more flexibly, meanwhile, the air distribution of burning is easier to arrange and adjust;It is dry to can solve tradition machinery grate furnace
Insufficient, the problem of conglomeration agglomeration is easy when being not thorough and dry and burning, is broken up in agitation, while can reduce feeding garbage
The height of mouth can effectively improve waste incineration efficiency, reduce and burn cost, suitable for burning the rubbish that moisture content is high, calorific value is low
Rubbish.
Embodiment two, the burning zone 52 pusher type fire grate intermediate row fire grate segment using being driven by electrohydraulic control system
The bi-directional configuration with backstepping and forwards function fire grate segment, the flexible correspondence of electrohydraulic control system acts on the inverse of fire grate segment
It pushes away and forwards prevents rubbish from accumulating in forwards section, pass through on the rubbish of burning zone 52 for adjusting rubbish in the layer height of burning zone 52
It crosses one section of height fall and falls into and continue to burn on the bed surface of pusher type fire grate, so that putrid organic matter be made to become because of burning
Inorganic matter, the non-combustible composition of generation fall into deslagging device and release outside furnace with the ash after burning.
Above-described embodiment is merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and not to the limit of embodiment
It is fixed.For those of ordinary skill in the art, it can also make on the basis of the above description other various forms of
Variation changes, and there is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments, and thus amplifies out obvious
Variation changes among still in the protection scope of the utility model.