CN219659467U

CN219659467U - Solar panel charging and discharging device and charging and discharging system

Info

Publication number: CN219659467U
Application number: CN202320875081.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐朗轩; 宋美丽
Original assignee: Zhejiang Uniview Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Uniview Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-04-13
Filing date: 2023-04-13
Publication date: 2023-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-13

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a solar panel charging and discharging device and a charging and discharging system. The solar panel charge and discharge device comprises: the power supply module, the battery module and the switch control module; the power supply module comprises n solar panels, the battery module comprises n batteries, the positive electrode of the solar panels is connected with the positive electrode of the batteries, the negative electrode of the solar panels is connected with the negative electrode of the batteries, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar panels are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the load; wherein n is a positive integer; the switch control module comprises n-1 switch control units, the switch control units are connected between the positive poles of the two adjacent solar panels, and the switch control units are used for controlling the charge and discharge quantity of the two adjacent solar panels, wherein n-1 is a positive integer. The utility model can realize the control of a plurality of solar panels to supply power to the battery at the same time, and can meet the requirement of charging a plurality of different input sources at the same time.

Description

Solar panel charging and discharging device and charging and discharging system

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of solar energy application, in particular to a solar panel charging and discharging device and a charging and discharging system.

Background

As new energy technologies are becoming more mature, at present, solar charging technologies are also gradually applied to outdoor monitoring products. Because solar panels are quite various in types and different solar panels are large in specification difference, when the equipment adopts the solar panels to supply power, the solar panels with proper specifications can be selected. If two or more solar panels are to be expanded for charging, the problem of charging single cells simultaneously by multiple input sources needs to be solved.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional solar panel for charging a battery, and referring to fig. 1, solar panels 1 and 2 may not be the same manufacturer, but may have different specifications, and may also be the same manufacturer, but have different specifications. When two different input sources are simultaneously connected into the device to charge a single storage battery, the storage battery is mainly charged by the input source with high potential according to the basic principle of a circuit, and the low-potential input source is equivalent to an invalid input source. Assuming that the solar panels 1 and 2 in fig. 1 have a difference in specifications, if the output voltage of the solar panel 2 is lower than the output voltage of the solar panel 1 by a certain value due to the presence of the diode, the solar panel 2 cannot operate, which is equivalent to charging only one solar energy, and cannot play a role in charging two solar energy simultaneously. To prevent current flow back, a diode is typically added to the circuit.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of charging a battery by using another conventional solar panel, referring to fig. 2, if expansion is required, the two solar panels are ensured to have consistent specifications, and the same angle as the installation direction is not too different, as shown in fig. 2, it is assumed that the two solar panels have consistent specifications, the solar panel 1 faces east, the solar panel 2 faces west, and at this time, the two solar panels cannot work simultaneously due to inconsistent output of the two solar panels caused by different illumination angles.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an existing energy collection system of a marine energy driven vehicle, referring to fig. 3, in order to solve the problem of expanding the energy of a solar panel and charging equipment at the same time under different conditions, patent cn202011022799. X discloses an intelligent energy distribution system of a marine energy driven vehicle, and the method is to supply power to corresponding storage batteries after passing through an intelligent energy distributor. The intelligent energy distributor is internally provided with a voltage stabilizing system, and the corresponding storage battery is charged after the voltage of different input voltages is stabilized. However, the method has the defect that aiming at different input sources, the storage battery is charged at the same time, and the storage battery needs to pass through a voltage stabilizing module and an intelligent energy distribution system, so that the cost is greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a solar panel charging and discharging device and a charging and discharging system, which are used for controlling a plurality of solar panels to supply power to a battery at the same time and can meet the requirement of charging of a plurality of different input sources at the same time.

According to an aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a solar panel charge and discharge apparatus, comprising: the power supply module, the battery module and the switch control module;

the power supply module comprises n solar panels, the battery module comprises n batteries, the positive electrode of the solar panels is connected with the positive electrode of the batteries, the negative electrode of the solar panels is connected with the negative electrode of the batteries, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar panels are respectively connected with a first end and a second end of a load; wherein n is a positive integer;

the switch control module comprises n-1 switch control units, the switch control units are connected between the anodes of two adjacent solar panels, and the switch control units are used for controlling the charge and discharge quantity of the two adjacent solar panels, wherein n-1 is a positive integer.

Optionally, the switch control unit includes a switch subunit;

the first pole of the switch subunit is connected with the positive pole of the first solar panel of the two adjacent solar panels, the second pole of the switch subunit is connected with the positive pole of the second solar panel of the two adjacent solar panels, and the control end of the switch subunit is connected between the positive poles of the two adjacent solar panels.

Optionally, the switch control unit includes a first protection subunit and a second protection subunit;

the first protection subunit is connected between the anodes of two adjacent solar panels and is connected with the control end of the switch subunit, the first end of the second protection subunit is connected with the second pole of the switch subunit, and the second end of the second protection subunit is grounded.

Optionally, the switch control unit includes a third protection subunit, a pull-down subunit, and a fourth protection subunit;

the first end of the third protection subunit is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel, the second end of the third protection subunit is connected with the first end of the pull-down subunit and the first end of the fourth protection subunit, the second end of the pull-down subunit is grounded, and the second end of the fourth protection subunit is connected with the control end of the switch subunit.

Optionally, the first protection subunit includes a first capacitor, and the second protection subunit includes a second capacitor;

the first capacitor is connected between the anodes of two adjacent solar panels and is connected with the control end of the switch subunit, the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the second pole of the switch subunit, and the second end of the second capacitor is grounded.

Optionally, the third protection subunit includes a first resistor, the pull-down subunit includes a second resistor, and the fourth protection subunit includes a third resistor;

the first end of the first resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor, the second end of the second resistor is grounded, and the second end of the third resistor is connected with the control end of the switch subunit.

Optionally, the solar panel charging and discharging device further comprises a first protection module, wherein the first protection module comprises n first protection units, and the first protection units are connected between the positive electrode of the solar panel and the positive electrode of the battery; wherein n is a positive integer.

Optionally, the solar panel charging and discharging device further comprises a second protection module, wherein the second protection module comprises n-1 second protection units, and the second protection units are connected between the anode of the solar panel and the first protection units; wherein n-1 is a positive integer.

Optionally, the solar panel charging and discharging device further comprises a third protection module, wherein the third protection module comprises n third protection units, a first end of each third protection unit is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, and a second end of each third protection unit is connected with the load; wherein n is a positive integer.

According to another aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a solar panel charging and discharging system including any one of the solar panel charging and discharging devices described in the above aspect and a load.

In order to solve the problem that the expansion solar panels can charge equipment at the same time under different conditions, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model provides a low-cost and high-efficiency charging and discharging device capable of expanding solar panels with different specifications. In summary, the embodiment of the utility model solves the problem that the battery can only be charged by using a stable single input source and can not be charged simultaneously by a plurality of different input sources due to the problems of the battery characteristics and the voltage characteristics.

It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the utility model or to delineate the scope of the utility model. Other features of the present utility model will become apparent from the description that follows.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar panel charging a battery in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art solar panel charging a battery;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an energy harvesting system of a prior art marine-energy-driven vehicle;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar panel charging and discharging device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a solar panel charging and discharging device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a charge and discharge circuit of a dual solar panel according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a simplified dual solar panel charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a simplified dual solar panel charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging device of a solar panel according to another embodiment of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present utility model, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present utility model and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the utility model described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar panel charging and discharging device according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a solar panel charging and discharging device, including: a power supply module 10, a battery module 20, and a switch control module 30; the power supply module 10 comprises n solar panels 11, the battery module 20 comprises n batteries 21, the positive electrode of the solar panel 11 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery 21, the negative electrode of the solar panel 11 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery 21, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar panel 11 are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the load 40; wherein n is a positive integer; the switch control module 30 includes n-1 switch control units 31, the switch control units 31 are connected between the positive poles of the adjacent two solar panels 11, and the switch control units 31 are used for controlling the charge and discharge numbers of the adjacent two solar panels 11, wherein n-1 is a positive integer.

Specifically, single solar panel mode: when the solar panel 1 is connected, the switch control unit 31 is turned on and the solar panel 2 is turned off, and at this time, it is necessary to determine the magnitudes of the output voltage U1 of the solar panel 1, the voltage V1 of the battery 1, and the voltage V2 of the battery 2.

When U1< V1 and U1< V2, the charging condition cannot be satisfied, the solar panel 1 cannot operate, and at this time, the high-voltage battery preferentially supplies power to the rear load 40.

When V1< U1< V2, the solar panel 1 charges the battery pack 1, and the battery 2 supplies power to the rear load 40. Conversely, when V2< U1< V1, the solar panel 1 charges the battery 2, and the battery 1 supplies power to the rear load 40.

When U1> V1 and U1> V2, the solar panel 1 is not only required to supply power to the rear load 40, but also charges the battery 1 and the battery 2, and the charging is slow.

When u1=v1=v2, the solar panel 1 and the battery 1 supply power to the subsequent load 40 at the same time, and the voltages of the three are always consistent, which is preferable.

Dual solar panel mode: when the solar panel 2 is connected, after the output voltage U2 of the solar panel 2 meets a certain value, the switch control unit 31 is cut off, the solar panel 1 and the battery 1 form an independent charge-discharge system 1, and the solar panel 2 and the battery 2 form the charge-discharge system 2.

When U2> U1> V1, and U2> V2, the solar panel 2 alone supplies power to the subsequent stage load 40 at this time, and simultaneously charges the battery 2. The solar panel 1 alone charges the battery 1 without participating in the power supply of the rear load 40. Conversely, when U1> U2> V2, and U1> V1, the solar panel 1 alone supplies power to the subsequent stage load 40 at this time, and simultaneously charges the battery 1. The solar panel 2 alone charges the battery 2 without participating in the power supply of the rear load 40.

When U2> V1> U1, the solar panel 2 alone supplies power to the subsequent stage load 40 at this time, and simultaneously charges the battery 2, the charge-discharge system 1 does not operate. On the contrary, when U1> V2> U2, the solar panel 1 alone supplies power to the rear load 40 and simultaneously charges the battery 1, and the charge and discharge system 2 does not operate.

When u1=u2 > max (V1, V2), the solar panel 1 and the solar panel 2 simultaneously supply power to the subsequent load 40 at this time, and charge the battery 1, the battery 2, respectively.

When V1> V2> U2 and V1> U1, the battery 1 alone supplies power to the rear load 40, and neither solar panel 1 nor solar panel 2 is charged. On the contrary, when V2> V1> U1 and V2> U2, the battery 2 alone supplies power to the rear load 40, and neither solar panel 1 nor solar panel 2 is charged.

When u1=v1 > max (V2, U2), the solar panel 1 supplies power to the subsequent load 40 simultaneously with the battery 1, and U1 and V1 remain identical. Two conditions exist in the charge and discharge system 2, but the two conditions do not participate in the power supply of the rear-stage load 40, and when V2 is less than U2, the charge and discharge system 2 is charged; when V2> U2, the charge-discharge system 2 is not charged.

Conversely, when u2=v2 > max (V1, U1), the solar panel 2 supplies power to the subsequent load 40 simultaneously with the battery 2, and U2 and V2 remain identical. Two conditions exist in the charge and discharge system 1, but the two conditions do not participate in the power supply of the rear-stage load 40, and when V1 is less than U1, the charge and discharge system 1 is charged; when V1> U1, the charge-discharge system 1 is not charged.

When v1=v2 > max (U1, U2), the battery 1 and the battery 2 supply power to the subsequent load 40 at the same time, and the voltage is kept uniform, and both solar panels 1 and 2 do not operate.

Similarly, when three solar panels are expanded, three batteries are needed, and at this time, one more switch control unit 31 is needed, and when the solar panel 2 is connected, and the solar panel 3 is not expanded, the solar panel 1 and the battery pack 1 form a charging and discharging system independently, and the solar panel 2, the battery pack 2 and the battery pack 3 form a charging and discharging system. When the solar panels 3 are expanded, the three solar panels respectively form an independent charge and discharge system with the corresponding batteries. The implementation of the multi-solar panel and multi-battery pack is consistent with the above, with the addition of the switch control unit 31 and the battery on the previous basis.

Controlling the plurality of solar panels 11 to simultaneously supply power to the battery 21 is achieved by controlling the on and off of the switch control unit 31. When the solar panels 11 with the same parameters are expanded, the solar panels can be used no matter the installation direction and the installation angle, and the efficiency is improved. On the basis, three, four and more different input sources can be expanded to charge simultaneously.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of still another solar panel charging and discharging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and referring to fig. 5, optionally, the switch control unit 31 includes a switch subunit 310; the first pole S of the switching sub-unit 310 is connected to the positive pole + of a first one 11 of the two adjacent solar panels 11, the second pole D of the switching sub-unit 310 is connected to the positive pole + of a second one 11 of the two adjacent solar panels 11, and the control terminal G of the switching sub-unit 310 is connected between the positive poles + of the two adjacent solar panels 11.

Specifically, the switch subunit may be a P-type MOS transistor, the first pole of the switch subunit 310 may be a source of the MOS transistor, the second pole of the switch subunit 310 may be a drain of the MOS transistor, and the control of the plurality of solar panels to supply power to the battery simultaneously is achieved by controlling the on and off of the P-type MOS transistor.

With continued reference to fig. 5, the switch control unit 31 optionally includes a first protection subunit 311 and a second protection subunit 312; the first protection subunit 311 is connected between the positive electrodes+ of the two adjacent solar panels 11 and connected to the control terminal G of the switch subunit 310, the first terminal of the second protection subunit 311 is connected to the second terminal D of the switch subunit 310, and the second terminal of the second protection subunit 311 is grounded.

With continued reference to fig. 5, the switch control unit 31 optionally includes a third protection subunit 313, a pull-down subunit 314, and a fourth protection subunit 315; the first end of the third protection subunit 313 is connected to the positive electrode+ of the solar panel 11, the second end of the third protection subunit 313 is connected to the first end of the pull-down subunit 314 and the first end of the fourth protection subunit 315, the second end of the pull-down subunit 314 is grounded GND, and the second end of the fourth protection subunit 315 is connected to the control end G of the switch subunit 310.

Specifically, the third protection subunit 313 and the fourth protection subunit 315 play a role of discharging, and are used for protecting the MOS transistor, and the pull-down subunit 314 is grounded and is used for pulling down.

With continued reference to fig. 5, optionally, the first protection subunit 311 includes a first capacitor C1, and the second protection subunit 312 includes a second capacitor C2; the first capacitor C1 is connected between the positive electrodes+ of the two adjacent solar panels 11 and connected to the control terminal G of the switch subunit 310, the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second terminal of the switch subunit 310, and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

Specifically, the first capacitor C1 is mainly used for protecting the MOS transistor, and the second capacitor C2 is grounded, so that a protection effect is mainly achieved, and damage to devices at a later stage caused by excessive instantaneous surge voltage or current is prevented.

With continued reference to fig. 5, optionally, the third protection subunit 313 includes a first resistor R1, the pull-down subunit 314 includes a second resistor R2, and the fourth protection subunit 315 includes a third resistor R3; the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the solar panel 11, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and the first end of the third resistor R3, the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded GND, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the control end G of the switch subunit 310.

Specifically, the first resistor R1 and the third resistor R3 play a role in discharging, and are used for protecting the MOS transistor, and the second resistor R2 is grounded and is used for pulling down.

With continued reference to fig. 5, optionally, the solar panel charging and discharging device further includes a first protection module 50, where the first protection module 50 includes n first protection units 51, and the first protection units 51 are connected between the positive electrode of the solar panel 11 and the positive electrode of the battery 21; wherein n is a positive integer.

Specifically, the first protection unit 51 may be a reverse charge preventing diode, which prevents the solar panel 11 from being reversely fed with the current of the battery 21 when not discharging, so that not only energy is consumed, but also the solar panel 11 is heated or even damaged.

With continued reference to fig. 5, optionally, the solar panel charging and discharging device further includes a second protection module 60, where the second protection module 60 includes n-1 second protection units 61, and the second protection units 61 are connected between the positive electrode+ of the solar panel 11 and the first protection units 51; wherein n-1 is a positive integer.

Specifically, the second protection unit 61 may be a reverse flow preventing diode, and in order to prevent the reverse flow of current, a reverse flow preventing diode is generally added to the circuit.

With continued reference to fig. 5, optionally, the solar panel charging and discharging device further includes a third protection module 70, where the third protection module 70 includes n third protection units 71, a first end of the third protection unit 71 is connected to the positive electrode+ of the battery 21, and a second end of the third protection unit 71 is connected to the load 40; wherein n is a positive integer.

Specifically, the third protection unit 71 may be a diode, which prevents the high-voltage battery from discharging to the low-voltage battery, and may prevent the occurrence of a load condition between the batteries due to the unequal voltages of the two batteries.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge circuit of a dual solar panel according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and referring to fig. 6, taking expanding the dual solar panel as an example, a dual-battery scheme is adopted first to solve the problem of single input of a single battery, so as to facilitate expanding the solar panel.

Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of charge and discharge of a simplified dual solar panel according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and referring to fig. 7, a single solar panel mode operation principle specifically includes: when the solar panel 1 is connected, the MOS tube is turned on, the solar panel 2 is turned off, and the simplified circuit is shown in fig. 7, and at this time, the output voltage U1 of the solar panel 1, the voltage V1 of the battery 1 and the voltage V2 of the battery 2 need to be determined.

When V1< U1< V2, the solar panel 1 charges the battery 1, and the battery 2 supplies power to the rear load 40. Conversely, when V2< U1< V1, the solar panel 1 charges the battery 2, and the battery 1 supplies power to the rear load 40.

When u1=v1=v2, the solar panel 1 supplies power to the subsequent load 40 simultaneously with the batteries 1 and 2, and the voltages of the three are always kept consistent, which is preferable.

Fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a simplified dual solar panel according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and referring to fig. 8, the dual solar panel mode operation principle specifically includes: when the solar panel 2 is connected, after the output voltage U2 of the solar panel 2 meets a certain value, the MOS tube is cut off, the solar panel 1 and the battery 1 form a single charging and discharging system 1, the solar panel 2 and the battery 2 form a charging and discharging system 2, and a simplified circuit is shown in fig. 8:

Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of another solar panel charging and discharging device according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and referring to fig. 9, similarly, when three solar panels are expanded, three batteries are needed, and at this time, one PMOS switch circuit is needed to be added, and when solar panel 2 is connected, solar panel 3 is not expanded, solar panel 1 and battery 1 form a charging and discharging system separately, and solar panel 2, battery 2 and battery 3 form a charging and discharging system. When the solar panels 3 are expanded, the three solar panels respectively form an independent charge and discharge system with the corresponding batteries.

With continued reference to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a multi-solar panel multi-battery scheme, the implementation scheme is consistent with the scheme, and a MOS transistor switch circuit and a battery are added on the basis of the prior scheme.

It should be noted that the foregoing is a main content of the present utility model, and actually relates to some charging ICs and protection devices, and the foregoing schematic diagram is simplified.

The embodiment of the utility model also provides a solar panel charging and discharging system, which comprises the solar panel charging and discharging device and the load provided by any embodiment of the utility model.

Because the solar panel charging and discharging system comprises the solar panel charging and discharging device provided by any embodiment of the utility model, the solar panel charging and discharging system has the same beneficial effects as the solar panel charging and discharging device, and the description thereof is omitted.

The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A solar panel charge-discharge device, comprising: the power supply module, the battery module and the switch control module;

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the switch control unit comprises a switch subunit;

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the switch control unit comprises a first protection subunit and a second protection subunit;

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the switch control unit comprises a third protection subunit, a pull-down subunit, and a fourth protection subunit;

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first protection subunit comprises a first capacitance and the second protection subunit comprises a second capacitance;

6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the third protection subunit comprises a first resistor, the pull-down subunit comprises a second resistor, and the fourth protection subunit comprises a third resistor;

7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a first protection module comprising n first protection units connected between the positive electrode of the solar panel and the positive electrode of the battery; wherein n is a positive integer.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a second protection module comprising n-1 second protection units connected between the anode of the solar panel and the first protection unit; wherein n-1 is a positive integer.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third protection module comprising n third protection units, a first end of the third protection units being connected to a positive pole of the battery, a second end of the third protection units being connected to the load; wherein n is a positive integer.

10. A solar panel charge and discharge system, comprising: the solar panel charge-discharge device of any one of claims 1 to 9 and a load.