CN212726520U - Equalizing charge protection device - Google Patents
Equalizing charge protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212726520U CN212726520U CN202021578506.8U CN202021578506U CN212726520U CN 212726520 U CN212726520 U CN 212726520U CN 202021578506 U CN202021578506 U CN 202021578506U CN 212726520 U CN212726520 U CN 212726520U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
Abstract
The utility model discloses an equalizing charge protection device. The equalizing charge protection device comprises: the charging circuit comprises a series battery pack, a main charging circuit and a plurality of auxiliary charging circuits; the series battery pack is connected with the main charging circuit; the series battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series; one single battery is connected with one auxiliary charging circuit in parallel; the main charging circuit is used for providing main charging current for the series battery pack; the auxiliary charging circuit is used for providing auxiliary charging current for the auxiliary charging circuits which are correspondingly connected in parallel. The utility model discloses simple structure, charging efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a lithium iron phosphate battery charging technology field especially relates to an equalizing charge protection device.
Background
The power battery is a power source of the electric vehicle, and the voltage level can be reached only by connecting the single batteries in series due to the relatively high voltage level. The single battery is influenced by factors such as the limitation of the production process, self-discharge and the like, the voltage and the capacity of the battery are inconsistent, after the battery is circularly used for a period of time, the inconsistent phenomenon is more obvious, the battery has a barrel effect, the capacity of the battery pack is greatly reduced, the service life of the battery pack is seriously shortened, and the development of the electric automobile industry is severely restricted. The lithium iron phosphate battery has the characteristics of large specific capacity, long cycle life, large charge-discharge current multiplying power and the like, and is very suitable for being used as a power battery.
At present, lithium battery equalizing circuits of electric vehicles are mainly divided into two types: energy dissipative and energy non-dissipative. The energy dissipation type mainly consumes energy of the battery with higher voltage, so that the voltage is consistent with the voltage of the battery with low voltage, and the equalizing circuit in the mode has low efficiency and large heat emission; the energy non-dissipation type mainly adopts a mode of transferring or converting energy between a high-voltage battery and a low-voltage battery to enable the high voltage and the low voltage to be the same, a complex auxiliary control circuit is needed to control a switch, and the circuit structure is complex. Therefore, the lithium battery equalizing circuit of the current electric vehicle has the problems of low charging efficiency and complex structure.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, there is a need for an equalizing charge protection device with simple structure and high efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following scheme:
an equalizing charge protection device comprising: the charging circuit comprises a series battery pack, a main charging circuit and a plurality of auxiliary charging circuits; the series battery pack is connected with the main charging circuit; the series battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series; one single battery is connected with one auxiliary charging circuit in parallel; the main charging circuit is used for providing main charging current for the series battery pack; the auxiliary charging circuit is used for providing auxiliary charging current for the auxiliary charging circuits which are correspondingly connected in parallel.
Optionally, the equalizing charge protection device further includes a main control circuit; the main charging circuit and the auxiliary charging circuits are connected with the main control circuit.
Optionally, the equalizing charge protection device further includes: the device comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit and a temperature acquisition circuit; the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the temperature acquisition circuit are all connected with the main control circuit.
Optionally, the main charging circuit includes an MOS transistor, a zener diode, a schottky diode, a first triode, and a second triode; the source electrode of the MOS tube is connected with one end of the voltage stabilizing diode; the grid electrode of the MOS tube is connected with the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode; the drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with a first power supply through the Schottky diode; the base electrode of the first triode is connected with a control signal; the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the base electrode of the second triode; the collector of the second triode is connected with the grid of the MOS tube; the emitter of the second triode is grounded; and the collector of the first triode is connected with a second power supply.
Optionally, the auxiliary charging circuit includes a power management chip, a buck conversion circuit, a charging state indicating circuit, a compensation circuit, and an isolation circuit; the voltage reduction type conversion circuit, the charging state indicating circuit, the compensating circuit and the isolating circuit are all connected with the power management chip.
Optionally, the model of the main control circuit is STM32F407ZET 6.
Optionally, the model of the power management chip is CN 3705.
Optionally, the equalizing charge protection device further includes an LCD circuit; the LCD liquid crystal display circuit is connected with the main control circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model provides an including series battery group, main charging circuit and a plurality of equalizing charge protection device who assists the charging circuit, the parallelly connected one of a single battery assists the charging circuit, through setting up main charging circuit and a plurality of assistance charging circuit, main charging circuit provides main charging current for series battery group, assist the charging circuit and provide assistance charging current for corresponding parallelly connected assistance charging circuit, when charging for series battery group like this, give each single battery plus assistance charging current through balanced wire, thereby realize equalizing charge, simple structure not only, and the charging time has been shortened, and the charging efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an equalizing charge protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of an equalizing charge protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a main charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an auxiliary charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a usage of the equalizing charge protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
In the embodiment, a 32650 lithium iron phosphate battery is taken as a research material, and in order to improve the inconsistency problem of the battery pack, prolong the cycle life of the battery pack and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the battery pack, all single batteries are balanced to a consistency safety range through an efficient battery management circuit.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an equalizing charge protection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the equalizing charge protection device of the present embodiment includes: the charging circuit comprises a series battery pack, a main charging circuit and a plurality of auxiliary charging circuits; the series battery pack is connected with the main charging circuit; the series battery pack comprises a plurality of series-connected single cells (B1, B2, B3,. Bn is a single cell in the series battery pack); one single battery is connected with one auxiliary charging circuit in parallel; the main charging circuit is used for providing main charging current for the series battery pack; the auxiliary charging circuit is used for providing auxiliary charging current for the auxiliary charging circuits which are correspondingly connected in parallel.
Taking a lithium iron phosphate battery pack as an example, a control principle of the equalizing charge protection device is introduced.
When the series lithium iron phosphate battery pack is charged, auxiliary charging currents are applied to the single batteries through the balance wires, the charge states of the single batteries are detected in real time, according to the difference of the charge quantities of the batteries, large currents are applied to the batteries with low charge quantities, small currents are applied to the batteries with high charge quantities, or no currents are applied to the batteries with high charge quantities, so that different batteries can receive different currents, intelligent rate changing is achieved, and charging time is shortened.
Specifically, B1, B2, and B3 in fig. 10The auxiliary charging current of the auxiliary charging circuit of each single battery from left to right is I1＇，I2＇，I3＇,……InThe actual charging current of the respective unit cells from left to right is IB1，IB2，IB3……IBn. Therefore, the actually received charging current of each single battery is the sum of the main charging current and the auxiliary current, and the actual charging current of the nth battery is: i isBn＝I0+In＇，InThe magnitude of "may control the magnitude of the output current in accordance with the state of charge of each of the unit cells collected by the main charging circuit.
When the control circuit works, the acquisition unit in the main charging circuit can acquire the charge state of the single batteries in real time, and the auxiliary charging currents output in a control mode are different according to the different charges of the single batteries, so that the multiplying power of the charging current of each single battery is different according to the different charges of the single battery, and intelligent variable-multiplying-power equalizing charging is realized.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the equalizing charge protection device includes two groups of series-connected battery packs; and two groups of series battery packs are connected, and each group of series battery packs comprises n series-connected lithium iron phosphate batteries. The equalizing charge protection device also comprises a main control circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit and a temperature acquisition circuit; each group of series battery pack corresponds to one group of main control circuit, voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit and temperature acquisition circuit; the main charging circuit and the auxiliary charging circuits are connected with the main control circuit; the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the temperature acquisition circuit are all connected with the main control circuit. The equalizing charge protection device also comprises an LCD liquid crystal display circuit; the LCD liquid crystal display circuit is connected with the main control circuit. The two main control circuits are in signal connection through a CAN communication module. The model of the main control circuit is STM32F407ZET 6.
In this embodiment, the lithium iron phosphate battery is used as a power battery, and the overall control strategy is as follows:
after the system is powered on, each circuit is initialized, the voltage acquisition circuit acquires the voltage of each single battery and the total voltage of the series battery pack, the acquisition of each channel is continuously acquired for 20 times, the average value is obtained after extreme values are removed, the acquired voltage value is transmitted back to the main control circuit, judging whether the battery is healthy and undamaged, if so, disconnecting the circuit, if not, starting to detect the charge states of the battery pack and the single batteries, wherein the current of the main charging circuit is determined by the total voltage of the battery pack, and in order to ensure the full charging, the higher the total voltage of the battery pack is, the smaller the corresponding intelligent regulation of the current is, and whether the auxiliary charging circuit is started is judged according to the charge states of the batteries, when the voltage of a certain battery in the battery pack is detected to be lower than the average value of the battery pack, the auxiliary charging circuit is started to carry out equalization, and the size of the auxiliary charging current is intelligently adjusted according to the comparison between the single voltage and the average voltage. And charging limiting voltage protection circuits are arranged in the main charging circuit and the auxiliary charging circuit in the charging process, the limiting value of each single voltage is set to be 3.6V, namely, the charging is converted into constant voltage charging after the voltage value is reached, and the equalizing process is finished until the batteries in the battery pack detect that the current is reduced to zero and the voltage is 3.6V.
The system uses n lithium iron phosphate batteries connected in series as a group for balancing, data are sent and received through CAN-H, CAN-L through CAN communication, the cascade connection and expansion of the system are realized, at most 110 nodes are cascaded, 660 single batteries are connected in series to reach the service voltage of the electric automobile, and the charging data and the battery state data are displayed through an LCD liquid crystal display circuit.
As shown in fig. 3, the main charging circuit includes a MOS transistor Q19, a zener diode D14, a schottky diode D13, a first transistor Q20, and a second transistor Q21; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with one end of the voltage stabilizing diode D14; the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode D14; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with a first power supply VCC-IN through the Schottky diode D13; the base electrode of the first triode Q20 is connected with a control signal CHARGE; the emitter of the first triode Q20 is connected with the base of the second triode Q21; the collector of the second triode Q21 is connected with the gate of the MOS transistor Q19; the emitter of the second triode Q21 is grounded; and the collector electrode of the first triode Q20 is connected with a second power supply VCC-5V. The main charging circuit further comprises a main charging peripheral circuit, the main charging peripheral circuit comprises a resistor R43, a resistor R44, a resistor R46, a resistor R47, a resistor R48, a resistor R49 and a resistor R50, and the resistance values and the connection relations of the resistors are shown in FIG. 3.
The control principle of the main charging circuit is as follows: the main charging circuit adopts constant current charging, and mainly controls the MOS transistor Q19 to adjust the magnitude of charging current. The MOS tube IRF4905 with P channel is selected as the MOSQ19 tube, the on-resistance is small, and the on-current I isd74A (conditioned temperature 25 ℃, V)GSThe voltage is-10V), the switching speed is high, and the switching performance is good. The schottky diode D13 is added to the circuit to prevent reverse charging, i.e. when the battery voltage is higher than the input voltage, the input is prevented from becoming a load, the current flows backwards and the electric energy is consumed.
The switch of the MOS tube Q19 is determined by the high-low level of a CHARGE signal given by a singlechip in the main control circuit, and a resistor R44 and a lower resistor R48 are additionally arranged at the level input end, so that the stability of the signal is improved. When the single chip outputs a high level, that is, CHARGE is 1, the base of the first triode Q20 is conducted at a high level, the base of the second triode Q21 is at a high level, the second triode Q21 is conducted, and since the zener diode D14 is a 10V zener diode, the V of the MOS transistor Q19 is enabled to be a 10V diodeGSThe clamping position is-10V, the MOS tube Q19 is stably conducted, and the battery is charged; when CHARGE is equal to 0, the first transistor Q20 and the second transistor Q21 are turned off, the MOS transistor Q19 is turned off, and charging is stopped.
As shown in fig. 4, the auxiliary charging circuit includes a power management chip, a buck converter circuit, a charging state indicator circuit, a compensation circuit, and an isolation circuit; the voltage reduction type conversion circuit, the charging state indicating circuit, the compensating circuit and the isolating circuit are all connected with the power management chip. The model of the power management chip is CN 3705.
The auxiliary charging circuit is designed based on a CN3705 lithium battery power supply management chip, and a MOS tube Q1, an inductor L1, an electrolytic capacitor C2 and a Schottky diode D2 in the circuit form a Buck conversion circuit (a classical Buck circuit structure); the charging state indicating circuit comprises a light emitting diode D3 and a light emitting diode D4; the compensation circuit comprises a compensation capacitor C5, a compensation capacitor C6 and a compensation capacitor C7; the input front end is an isolation circuit which selects a DC/DC isolation circuit; the auxiliary charging peripheral circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor Rcs1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7 and a diode D1, so that normal work of the chip is guaranteed. The parameter values and connection relations of each device in the auxiliary charging peripheral circuit are shown in FIG. 4.
The equalizing charge protection device of the embodiment adds an auxiliary charging circuit to each single battery when implementing constant current charging to the series battery pack based on the lithium iron phosphate battery pack in the charging process, detects the state of charge (SOC) of each single battery in real time, and realizes the equalizing charge of intelligent variable rate compensation of the series battery pack by auxiliary charging currents of different types to the battery with lower voltage. The mode belongs to an energy non-dissipative balancing mode and has the advantages of simple circuit, easy realization of control process, convenient energy conversion and high efficiency.
In practical applications, referring to fig. 5, the equalizing charge protection device includes the following steps:
firstly, after the system is powered on, system initialization is carried out, including initialization of structures such as a system clock, interrupt, ADC, LCD, CAN bus and the like.
Detecting the state of each single battery, judging whether the battery pack is normal, if the battery is found to have the problems of open circuit or damage and the like, immediately closing a charging circuit, cutting off a power supply, displaying the battery on an LCD (liquid crystal display), if the battery is normal, carrying out constant current charging on the battery, and detecting the total voltage of the battery pack and the voltage of the single battery in real time.
And thirdly, adjusting the main charging current at the later stage of charging according to the total voltage of the battery pack and the program presetting, comparing the voltage of the single battery with the average voltage, starting an equalizing circuit when the voltage of the single battery is lower than the average voltage of the battery pack, intelligently controlling the PWM value of an output port according to the magnitude of the difference voltage value, adjusting the magnitude of the auxiliary charging current, and starting equalization.
And fourthly, detecting the state of the battery pack all the time in the equalizing process, judging the voltage state of each single battery, circulating the previous process, and when the voltages of the single batteries are detected to be consistent and the main charging current is also reduced to zero, considering that the equalizing process is finished and the charging is finished.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope. In summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An equalizing charge protection device, comprising: the charging circuit comprises a series battery pack, a main charging circuit and a plurality of auxiliary charging circuits; the series battery pack is connected with the main charging circuit; the series battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series; one single battery is connected with one auxiliary charging circuit in parallel; the main charging circuit is used for providing main charging current for the series battery pack; the auxiliary charging circuit is used for providing auxiliary charging current for the auxiliary charging circuits which are correspondingly connected in parallel.
2. The equalizing charge protection device according to claim 1, further comprising a master control circuit; the main charging circuit and the auxiliary charging circuits are connected with the main control circuit.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising: the device comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit and a temperature acquisition circuit; the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the temperature acquisition circuit are all connected with the main control circuit.
4. The equalizing charge protection device according to claim 1, wherein the main charging circuit comprises a MOS transistor, a zener diode, a schottky diode, a first transistor, and a second transistor; the source electrode of the MOS tube is connected with one end of the voltage stabilizing diode; the grid electrode of the MOS tube is connected with the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode; the drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with a first power supply through the Schottky diode; the base electrode of the first triode is connected with a control signal; the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the base electrode of the second triode; the collector of the second triode is connected with the grid of the MOS tube; the emitter of the second triode is grounded; and the collector of the first triode is connected with a second power supply.
5. The equalizing charge protection device of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary charging circuit comprises a power management chip, a buck converter circuit, a charge status indicator circuit, a compensation circuit and an isolation circuit; the voltage reduction type conversion circuit, the charging state indicating circuit, the compensating circuit and the isolating circuit are all connected with the power management chip.
6. The equalizing charge protection device according to claim 2, wherein the master control circuit is of the model STM32F407ZET 6.
7. The device according to claim 5, wherein the power management chip has a model number of CN 3705.
8. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising an LCD circuit; the LCD liquid crystal display circuit is connected with the main control circuit.
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| CN202021578506.8U CN212726520U (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Equalizing charge protection device |
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| CN202021578506.8U CN212726520U (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Equalizing charge protection device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113547945A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-26 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | Immittance network-based battery charging device with voltage-sharing function and method |
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2020
- 2020-08-03 CN CN202021578506.8U patent/CN212726520U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113547945A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-26 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | Immittance network-based battery charging device with voltage-sharing function and method |
| CN113547945B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2023-08-25 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | Battery charging device and method with voltage equalizing function based on immittance network |
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