CN201854030U - Protection circuit for preventing misoperation and solar power generation system applying protection circuit - Google Patents
Protection circuit for preventing misoperation and solar power generation system applying protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN201854030U CN201854030U CN 201020511618 CN201020511618U CN201854030U CN 201854030 U CN201854030 U CN 201854030U CN 201020511618 CN201020511618 CN 201020511618 CN 201020511618 U CN201020511618 U CN 201020511618U CN 201854030 U CN201854030 U CN 201854030U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a protection circuit for preventing misoperation, which is connected among a storage battery, a load circuit and a solar-cell panel and comprises a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) tube protection circuit, a first short circuit detection circuit, a second short circuit detection circuit, a first signal module and a second signal module, wherein when the storage battery is connected in a reversed way, the MOS tube protection circuit is used for turning off the load circuit; the first short circuit detection circuit is used for detecting first sampling current of the conduction impedance of a first MOS tube when the load circuit is connected; the second short circuit detection circuit is used for detecting second sampling current of the conduction impedance of a third MOS tube when a charging circuit is connected; the first signal module is used for controlling a first switching circuit to be connected or disconnected with the load circuit according to the first sampling current obtained by the first short circuit detection circuit; and the second signal module is used for controlling a second switching circuit to be connected or disconnected with the charging circuit according to the second sampling current obtained by the second short circuit detection circuit. The utility model also designs a solar power generation system applying the protection circuit. Therefore, the protection circuit and the solar power generation system can be adopted to prevent misoperation of constructors, so that the fool style installation of a solar controller can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to protective circuit, more particularly, relates to a kind of solar power system that is used for the fool proof protective circuit of controller for solar and uses this protective circuit.
Background technology
Solar energy is distributed in all over the world, is one of energy that cleans most, and solar power generation always is a focus of energy research for this reason.Low-carbon (LC), the environmental protection campaign of recent years to advocate headed by the countries such as the U.S., solar power generation is more rapider than development in the past.
Solar power generation is made up of four parts: solar panel, storage battery and charging-discharging controller and load.And the function of charging-discharging controller has: (1) is charged to the electric weight of the solar panel charging modes according to storage battery in the storage battery; (2) electric weight of management of battery; (3) protection solar power system.
Solar charging/discharging controling appliance on the market is just like following characteristics are arranged: kind is various, and the application of middle low power is in the majority, especially is applied in above the road lamp system.For powerful system, when the design that takes into account high power device and improving efficiency for charge-discharge, often be difficult to take into account various defencive functions comprehensively.
Present controller for solar on the market; engineering construction personnel's installation has all been done the regulation of some safety operations; for example earlier want holding storage battery to refill solar panel; support independent reversal connection but do not support various reversal connections just connecing mixing, occur but not normal protection etc. of neglectful short circuit in the installation process.Be difficult to accomplish foolproof installation in a word, need the safety of coming the assurance system to install by engineering construction personnel's experience and technology discipline.Clearly, do not accomplish that foolproof installation need carry out professional training to the engineering construction personnel, be unfavorable for engineering construction.Particularly a part of workman's educational level is not high, in case misoperation then can damage controller or other assemblies.
The utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is; thereby at prior art be used for the installation of controller for solar the time be prone to misoperation and damage the control circuit of controller for solar or the defective of storage battery; a kind of workmen's misoperation of anti-controller for solar is provided, can accomplishes the fool proof protective circuit of foolproof installation controller for solar.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: construct a kind of fool proof protective circuit, be connected between storage battery, load circuit and the solar panel, comprising: when the described reverse connection of accumulator, disconnect the metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit of described load circuit; First short-circuit detecting circuit of first sample rate current of the conduction impedance of first metal-oxide-semiconductor when detecting described load circuit and connecting; And control the first switching circuit conducting or disconnect first signaling module of described load circuit according to described first sample rate current.
In fool proof protective circuit described in the utility model, described first short-circuit detecting circuit comprises: first reference voltage that produces according to first generating circuit from reference voltage and described first sample rate current are controlled the first switching circuit conducting or are disconnected first comparator of described load circuit.
In fool proof protective circuit described in the utility model, described first switching circuit comprises that control second metal-oxide-semiconductor makes the first control circuit of described load circuit conducting or disconnection.
In fool proof protective circuit described in the utility model, described fool proof protective circuit also comprises: when described first switching circuit disconnects described load circuit owing to short circuit, detect the testing circuit of recovery certainly whether described load circuit opens circuit; Described first signaling module is for controlling the first switching circuit conducting or disconnect the signaling module of described load circuit from the testing result of recovering testing circuit according to described.
In fool proof protective circuit described in the utility model, described fool proof protective circuit also comprises: second sample rate current, second short-circuit detecting circuit of the conduction impedance of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor when detecting described charging circuit and connecting; And according to described second sample rate current control second switch circuit turn-on or disconnect the secondary signal module of described charging circuit.
In fool proof protective circuit described in the utility model, described second short-circuit detecting circuit comprises: second reference voltage that produces according to second generating circuit from reference voltage and described second sample rate current are controlled described second switch circuit turn-on or are disconnected second comparator of described charging circuit.
In fool proof protective circuit described in the utility model, described second switch circuit also comprises: control the second control circuit that described the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor and the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor make described charging circuit conducting or disconnection.
In fool proof protective circuit described in the utility model, described fool proof protective circuit also comprises: first voltage detecting circuit that detects described solar cell panel voltages; Detect second voltage detecting circuit of described battery tension; And accumulator positive connects the auxiliary electrical source generating circuit of time output driving power and reference power supply; Described secondary signal module is for according to the described second switch circuit turn-on of the detection voltage control of described first voltage detecting circuit and described second voltage detecting circuit or disconnect the signaling module of described charging circuit, and described auxiliary electrical source generating circuit is connected with described storage battery by the 3rd diode.
The utility model is also constructed a kind of fool proof protective circuit, is connected between storage battery, load circuit and the solar panel, comprising: when the described reverse connection of accumulator, disconnect the metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit of described load circuit; First short-circuit detecting circuit of first sample rate current of the conduction impedance of first metal-oxide-semiconductor when detecting described load circuit and connecting; When described first switching circuit cuts out described load circuit owing to short circuit, detect the testing circuit of recovery certainly whether described load circuit opens circuit; Second short-circuit detecting circuit of second sample rate current of the conduction impedance of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor when detecting described charging circuit and connecting; Detect first voltage detecting circuit of described solar cell panel voltages; Detect second voltage detecting circuit of described battery tension; The auxiliary electrical source generating circuit of output driving power and reference power supply when accumulator positive connects; According to first sample rate current of described first short-circuit detecting circuit with describedly control the first switching circuit conducting or disconnect first signaling module of described load circuit from the testing result of recovering testing circuit; And according to the detection voltage control second switch circuit turn-on of second sample rate current of described second short-circuit detecting circuit, described first voltage detecting circuit and described second voltage detecting circuit or disconnect the secondary signal module of described charging circuit.
The utility model is also constructed a kind of solar power system that adopts power 1 to power 9 arbitrary described fool proof protective circuits.
Implement fool proof protective circuit of the present utility model; have following beneficial effect: the metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit of forming by two metal-oxide-semiconductors and first switching circuit and first short-circuit detecting circuit make that fool proof protective circuit cost of the present utility model is low; first short-circuit detecting circuit detects the conduction impedance of metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit, can not increase the impedance of load circuit.
First short-circuit detecting circuit adopts the structure of comparator to make when accomplishing response fast, has also simplified the structure in bearing power loop.Being arranged so that by the second metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting disconnecting consumers circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor switching circuit made quick response to the signal of single-chip microcomputer.After the recovery testing circuit makes the load circuit short circuit, can recover automatically, reduce the number of times of short trouble, more near actual application requirements.The low realization of cost the has been set solar panel of second short-circuit detecting circuit and second switch circuit and the short-circuit protection between the storage battery.Second short-circuit detecting circuit adopts the structure of comparator to make when accomplishing response fast, has also simplified the structure in bearing power loop.The corresponding speed as a result of two metal-oxide-semiconductors is fast, not influenced by the conducting of fly-wheel diode.Voltage detecting circuit and auxiliary electrical source generating circuit are better according to the voltage control impulse electricity of solar panel and storage battery and guarantee that driving power and reference power supply can not delay work.
The utility model is also constructed a kind of fool proof protective circuit, adopts this protective circuit can realize that controller for solar can not occur delaying work and damages wherein any parts and circuit when various misoperations are installed.
The utility model is also constructed a kind of solar power system that adopts above-mentioned fool proof protective circuit, adopts this solar power system can realize installer's foolproof installation.
Description of drawings
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the present utility model.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the utility model is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the utility model, and be not used in qualification the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1; in the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the utility model; described fool proof protective circuit is connected storage battery; between load circuit and the solar panel; described fool proof protective circuit comprises metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit 1; first short-circuit detecting circuit 2; first switching circuit 3 and first signaling module; metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit 1 is used for when described reverse connection of accumulator; disconnect described load circuit; first sample rate current of first short-circuit detecting circuit 2 is used to detect described load circuit when the connecting conduction impedance of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, first signaling module is used for controlling 3 conductings of first switching circuit or disconnecting described load circuit according to described first sample rate current.Illustrate the operation principle of described fool proof protective circuit below, the protective circuit of storage battery and load circuit end is made up of two metal-oxide-semiconductor structures and drive circuit thereof.The source electrode of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is connected to the source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, and the drain electrode of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is connected to load circuit, and the grid of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is connected to first control circuit.The source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 is connected to described load circuit through the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, and the grid of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 is connected to the positive pole of described storage battery, and the drain electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 is connected to the negative pole of described storage battery.The first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 and the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 have formed two metal-oxide-semiconductors loop, and when the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 closed, GND and Load_GND were separate.When the storage battery wiring just often, under the effect of resistance R 8, voltage-stabiliser tube Z5, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 often opens; If reverse connection of accumulator, then the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 ends, and makes load circuit disconnect.First short-circuit detecting circuit 2 judges whether big electric current by the conduction impedance that detects the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 and the time of electric current judges that by load circuit load circuit is denied short circuit greatly; as occurring big electric current on the load circuit and continuing for some time (as 2ms; make a distinction with the impulse current of load powered on moment; impulse current also may be higher than operating current; but the duration is all very short; the microsecond level); then testing result is issued first signaling module; first signaling module is closed the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 in the metal-oxide-semiconductor switching circuit 3 with the disconnecting consumers circuit according to described testing result, plays the load short circuits protective effect.Metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit 1, first switching circuit 3 and first short-circuit detecting circuit 2 formed by two metal-oxide-semiconductors make that fool proof protective circuit cost of the present utility model is low; first short-circuit detecting circuit 2 detects the conduction impedance of metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit, can not increase the impedance of load circuit.
As shown in Figure 1; in the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the utility model; first short-circuit detecting circuit 2 comprises the first comparator U2D, and the first comparator U2D is used for controlling 3 conductings of first switching circuit or disconnecting described load circuit according to first reference voltage and described first sample rate current that first generating circuit from reference voltage produces.Illustrate the operation principle of first short-circuit detecting circuit 2 below: generating circuit from reference voltage is connected to the first input end of the first comparator U2D; the source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 of metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit is connected to second input of the first comparator U2D, and the output of the first comparator U2D is connected to first signaling module.The short-circuit detecting point is the source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, and detecting resistance is the conduction impedance of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, generally in the 3-10 milliohm; The reference voltage of the first comparator U2D is produced by divider resistance R28, R30 dividing potential drop.When being short-circuited, the source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 can produce bigger voltage, when electric current is raised to a certain degree, the voltage of the source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 also is higher than reference voltage thereupon, the output INT2 that makes the comparator U2D that wins is a low level, after first signaling module detects INT2 trailing edge is arranged, control first switching circuit, 3 disconnecting consumers circuit by Q4_SW immediately.The circuit design main points of this part are mainly choose (being obtained by divider resistance R28 resistance R 30 dividing potential drops) of reference voltage, reference voltage is relevant with conduction impedance and the operating current of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, for example: the conduction impedance of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 is 6 milliohms, operating current is at 90A, and reference voltage is 6*90mV=0.54V so.Certainly, the conduction impedance of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 is not an accurate numerical value, and change along with the change of temperature, so in design, need design with worst situation, for example, the maximum operating temperature of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 is 100 ℃, under this temperature, the highest conduction impedance of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 is 6.5 milliohms, requires in all cases, and the operating current of short circuit all is higher than 60A, reference voltage then will be chosen 6.5*60mV=0.39V so, when the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 temperature was low, operating current also can increase, and can calculate the maximum actuation electric current under this reference voltage so, whether check design to meet the requirements: the minimum temperature of supposing first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 work is-30 ℃, minimum conduction impedance is 4.3 milliohms, Zui Da operating current=390mV/4.3m Ω=90.7A so, and check adheres to specification.First short-circuit detecting circuit 2 also comprises the first comparator protective circuit, and the first comparator protective circuit comprises voltage-stabiliser tube Z8 and filter capacitor C13, the plus earth of voltage-stabiliser tube Z8, and negative electrode is connected to second input of the first comparator U2D; Filter capacitor C13 is connected the two ends of voltage-stabiliser tube Z8.When reverse connection of accumulator, have bigger negative pressure and be carried on the protective resistance R29, voltage-stabiliser tube Z8 is stabilized in the voltage of the first comparator U2D, second input-0.6V～-0.7V and not being damaged; When above-mentioned situation takes place when, have bigger voltage and be carried in protective resistance R29 two ends, do not burn for the needs that satisfy power consumption, protective resistance R29 should choose power more than 0.25W reaches.The comparator that being provided with of the first comparator protective circuit protected in first short-circuit detecting circuit 2 can not burnt owing to big electric current.When the structure of first short-circuit detecting circuit 2 is accomplished response fast, also simplified the structure in bearing power loop.
As shown in Figure 1, in the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the utility model, first switching circuit 3 comprises first control circuit, and first control circuit is used to control the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 makes described load circuit conducting or disconnection.Below by the operation principle that illustrates first control circuit: first control circuit comprises triode T4, triode T5, diode D3 and triode T8, the emitter of triode T4 is connected to first signaling module, the base stage of triode T4 is connected to reference power supply, the collector electrode of triode T4 is connected to the base stage of triode T5, the emitter of triode T5 is connected to driving power VSW, the collector electrode of triode T5 is connected to the anode of diode D3, and the negative electrode of diode D3 is connected to the grid of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4; The emitter of triode T8 is connected to the grid of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, and the base stage of triode T8 is connected to the anode of diode D3, and the collector electrode of triode T8 is connected to the source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6.The second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 that is arranged so that of first switching circuit 3 makes quick response by first control circuit to the signal of first signaling module.This first control circuit also can comprise resistance R 9, R10, R11, R12 and R60, the emitter of triode T4 is connected to first signaling module by resistance R 9, the negative electrode of diode D3 is connected to the grid of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 by resistance R 11, resistance R 10 is connected between the emitter and base stage of triode T5, the emitter of triode T8 is connected to the grid of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 by resistance R 12, and resistance R 60 is connected between the base stage and collector electrode of triode T8.When needing the conducting load circuit, Q4_SW is by the first signaling module output low level, then triode T4 conducting, triode T5 conducting under the effect of resistance R 10, driving power VSW provides driving voltage (for example+10V), this voltage is loaded on the grid of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 through triode T5, diode D3, resistance R 11 paths, makes grid to source electrode driving voltage (for example 9.3V) be arranged, thereby makes the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 conducting; When needing the disconnecting consumers loop, Q4_SW is by first signaling module output high level, then triode T4 and triode T5 end, driving power VSW, triode T5, diode D3, resistance R 11 paths are not conductings, under the effect of resistance R 60, triode T8, resistance R 12 circuit structures, triode T8 conducting, junction capacitance between the grid source electrode of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is by resistance R 60, triode T8, resistance R 12 circuit dischargings, make the grid voltage between source electrodes of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 become 0V (under the situation of VSW=10V), realize that the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 disconnects by 9.3V.In this circuit; the speed of the resistance R 11 controls second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 conducting; and the speed that the resistance R 12 controls second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 closes; the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is not damaged because switching speed is slow when recovering in order to reach at short-circuit protection; resistance R 11 and resistance R 12 are generally hundreds of ohm; even tens ohm, conducting and the quick closedown second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 so fast, the rise time of the general second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 drive signal and fall time are in 10 microseconds.
As shown in Figure 1, in the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the utility model, described fool proof protective circuit also comprises from recovering testing circuit 4, be used for when described first switching circuit 3 disconnects described load circuit owing to short circuit, detecting described load circuit and whether opening circuit from recovering testing circuit 4; First signaling module is according to controlling 3 conductings of first switching circuit or disconnect described load circuit from the testing result of recovering testing circuit 4.Below by illustrating: recover testing circuit 4 certainly and comprise resistance R 39 and R40 from the operation principle of recovering testing circuit 4, the connected node of resistance R 39 and resistance R 40 is connected to the negative pole of storage battery, the other end of resistance R 39 is connected to the positive pole of storage battery, the other end ground connection of resistance R 40, resistance R 39 is connected to first signaling module with the connected node of resistance R 4.The voltage of the DISC_VOL that first signaling module receives is divided into two kinds of situations, and when the load circuit short circuit, the voltage of storage battery directly is loaded into resistance R 40 ends, and after the voltage stabilizing of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1, DISC_VOL is 5.6V; When load circuit disconnects when being unsettled, the magnitude of voltage of DISC_VOL is the partial pressure value of resistance R 39 and resistance R 40, and for example the 3rd divider resistance R39 is 560K, and the 4th divider resistance R40 is 56K, the highest 33V that is no more than of accumulator voltage, then DISC_VOL＜3V.Self-healing process is as follows: after load circuit was short-circuited protection, first signaling module was surveyed the voltage of DISC_VOL, when still more than or equal to 5V, then keeps the off state of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4; The voltage of DISC_VOL illustrates that then short circuit line has been disconnected during less than 4V, and the conducting load circuit has been realized recovering certainly again.After the recovery testing circuit makes the load circuit short circuit, can recover automatically, reduce the number of times of short trouble, more near actual application requirements.
As shown in Figure 1; in the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the utility model; described fool proof protective circuit also comprises second short-circuit detecting circuit 5, second switch circuit 6 and secondary signal module; second sample rate current of second short-circuit detecting circuit is used to detect described charging circuit when the connecting conduction impedance of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the secondary signal module is used for according to described second sample rate current control second switch circuit 6 conductings or disconnects described charging circuit.Illustrate the operation principle of described fool proof protective circuit below, the protective circuit of solar panel and storage battery end also is made up of two metal-oxide-semiconductor structures and drive circuit thereof.The source electrode of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected to the source electrode of the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the drain electrode of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected to described solar panel, and the grid of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected to second control circuit; The drain electrode of the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is connected to described storage battery, and the grid of the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is connected to second control circuit; The 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 have formed two metal-oxide-semiconductor Drive Structure, play the effect that prevents reversal connection and prevent reverse current.Its driving is shared, and after drive circuit cut out the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, SGND and GND were separate, so reverse current and forward current all do not exist.Second short-circuit detecting circuit 5 judges whether that by the conduction impedance that detects the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 the time of big electric current and big electric current judges that by charging circuit charging circuit is denied short circuit, and concrete principle is identical with the operation principle of above-mentioned first short-circuit detecting circuit 2.The second switch circuit 6 and second short-circuit detecting circuit 5 formed by two metal-oxide-semiconductors make that fool proof protective circuit cost of the present utility model is low; first short-circuit detecting circuit 5 detects the conduction impedance of metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit, can not increase the impedance of load circuit.
As shown in Figure 1; in the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the utility model; described second short-circuit detecting circuit 5 comprises the second comparator U2A, and the second comparator U2A is used for controlling described second switch circuit 6 conductings or disconnecting described charging circuit according to second reference voltage and described second sample rate current that second generating circuit from reference voltage produces.Illustrate the operation principle of second short-circuit detecting circuit 5 below: generating circuit from reference voltage is connected to the first input end of the second comparator U2A, the source electrode of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 of second switch circuit 6 is connected to second input of the second comparator U2A, and the output of the second comparator U2A is connected to the secondary signal module.When charging normal, the voltage of Q_COM is less than 0V, and second comparator U2A output INT1 is a high level; If short circuit in this time solar panel (battery panel components itself is to allow short circuit); then storage battery has oppositely big electric current and passes through charging circuit; comparator U2A output in this time second INT1 can become low level; notice secondary signal module shuts down charging circuit is not burnt with the protection controller, and the detailed course of work also can be with reference to the course of work of first short-circuit detecting circuit 2.Second short-circuit detecting circuit 4 also comprises the second comparator protective circuit, and its operation principle is identical with the first comparator protective circuit.The comparator that being provided with of the second comparator protective circuit protected in second short-circuit detecting circuit 4 can not burnt owing to big electric current.When the structure of second short-circuit detecting circuit 4 is accomplished response fast, also simplified the structure in bearing power loop.
As shown in Figure 1; in the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the utility model; described second switch circuit 6 also comprises second control circuit, and second control circuit is used to control the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 makes described charging circuit conducting or disconnection.Its operation principle is identical with the operation principle of first control circuit, can be referring to the description of top relevant first control circuit.Be arranged so that the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 of second switch circuit 6 make quick response by second control circuit to the signal of secondary signal module.
As shown in Figure 1; in the circuit structure diagram of a kind of fool proof protective circuit of the utility model; described fool proof protective circuit also comprises first voltage detecting circuit 7, second voltage detecting circuit 8 and auxiliary electrical source generating circuit 9; first voltage detecting circuit 7 is used to detect described solar cell panel voltages; second voltage detecting circuit 8 is used to detect described battery tension, output driving power VSW and reference power supply when auxiliary electrical source generating circuit 9 is used for accumulator positive and connects.The secondary signal module is according to detection voltage control second switch circuit 6 conductings of first voltage detecting circuit 7 and second voltage detecting circuit 8 or disconnect described charging circuit, and auxiliary electrical source generating circuit 9 is connected with described storage battery by the 3rd diode D4.The course of work of first voltage detecting circuit 7, second voltage detecting circuit 8 and auxiliary electrical source generating circuit 9 is described: first voltage detecting circuit 7 below by concrete example: because the negative terminal of the negative terminal of solar panel and storage battery is not altogether, so the voltage of solar panel end adopts the difference discharge circuit to detect.This difference amplifier testing circuit is made up of following device: resistance R 13, R14, R15, R16, R17, R18, capacitor C 5 and amplifier U2B, the output PV_AD of amplifier U2B supply with the secondary signal module and carry out the digital and analogue signals sampling.Second voltage detecting circuit 8: be made up of resistance R 1, R2, R32 and capacitor C 15, resistance R 1 and R2 are divider resistance, and highest detection voltage is 33V, and resistance R 32 and capacitor C 15 are filter circuit, and BAT_AD supplies with the secondary signal module and carries out the digital and analogue signals sampling.Auxiliary electrical source generating circuit 9: the voltage stabilizing circuit of driving power VSW is by the 3rd diode D4, resistance R 59, electric capacity EC1, capacitor C 18, resistance R 35, triode T6, voltage-stabiliser tube Z6, electric capacity EC2 and capacitor C 19 are formed, and the effect of the 3rd diode D4 is that accessory power supply can not be worked when guaranteeing reverse connection of accumulator, so controller system can not be worked; The effect of resistance R 59 is with big electric capacity EC1, eliminate instantaneous pressure burr (can occur) at transcient short circuit time and PWM charging moment, the protection subsequent device, because system supports foolproof installation, there be (under the situation about for example charging normal, storage battery removes suddenly, and the transient voltage that then may have 20V is loaded into resistance R 59 two ends) in the voltage that has the moment sudden change, do not burn the fixed carbon resister of needs employing 3W in order to guarantee resistance R 59; Electric capacity EC1 and capacitor C 18 are the input electric capacity of voltage regulation; Triode T6 and voltage-stabiliser tube Z6 are voltage regulation parts, and general VSW is 9-12V, and for example, voltage-stabiliser tube Z6 is the voltage-stabiliser tube of 12V, and then driving power VSW is 11.3V; Electric capacity EC2 and capacitor C 19 are driving power VSW output electric capacity of voltage regulation.The voltage stabilizing circuit of+5V is made up of resistance R 36, triode T7, chip U3, resistance R 37, resistance R 38, electric capacity EC3, capacitor C 20, chip U3 is accurate voltage-stabilizing device TL431, precision can reach 1%, R37=R38 makes output voltage be+5V, and electric capacity EC3 and capacitor C 20 are the electric capacity of voltage regulation of output.Voltage detecting circuit and auxiliary electrical source generating circuit 9 is better according to the voltage control impulse electricity of solar panel and storage battery and guarantee that driving power and reference power supply can not delay work.
As shown in Figure 1; in the circuit structure diagram of fool proof protective circuit of the present utility model; described fool proof protective circuit also comprises an electric capacity EC4 in parallel with the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4; when being short-circuited; the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 can be by quick closedown; because the existence of circuit stray inductance; the quick closedown meeting produces a very high voltage glitch and punctures the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 (burr width 1-10 microsecond at the drain-source two ends of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4; ceiling voltage can reach more than the 70V; and the withstand voltage of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is+55V), the existence of electric capacity EC4 can suppress this high pressure burr and protect the second metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 not punctured.
The utility model is also constructed a kind of fool proof protective circuit; described fool proof protective circuit has all features of the foregoing description; operation principle also with the foregoing description describe identical, the infringement that the various misoperations when using this fool proof protective circuit effectively to avoid controller for solar is installed bring to controller for solar.Kind according to various misoperations describes infringement how to avoid misoperation in detail below:
(1) reverse connecting protection.Have only wiring correctly to connect, whole system just can complete operate as normal, and under the various situations of reversal connection, system can misoperation, does not have device failure simultaneously.Reverse connecting protection is divided into and is following several situations:
Situation one, reverse connection of accumulator, when the solar energy end was unsettled: because the existence of the 3rd diode D4, accessory power supply is work not, so controller is less than work.The 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 end, so charging circuit is off-state; For second short-circuit detecting circuit 5, Q_COM approaches 0V to the voltage of GND, and no big pressure reduction exists, and related device can not damage yet.Because resistance R 8 and voltage-stabiliser tube Z5 do not have the effect of driving, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 ends, and load circuit also disconnects; For first short-circuit detecting circuit 2, LGND approaches the negative pressure value of storage battery (as the storage battery of 24V to the voltage of GND, LGND-GND=-23.4V), voltage-stabiliser tube Z8 and Z9 forward conduction, the input voltage of second input of the first comparator U2D and the second comparator U2A is-0.7V, the voltage that be carried in resistance R 26 and resistance R 29 this moment is 22.7V (when battery tension is 24V), because the power ratio of resistance R 26 and resistance R 29 tolerances is bigger, does not therefore damage any device.
Situation two, the solar energy reversal connection, when storage battery was unsettled: the voltage difference at the positive and negative two ends of storage battery was very little, the also therefore unaffected and damage of the load circuit and first short-circuit detecting circuit 2; Accessory power supply is work not; Q_COM approaches 0V, and second short-circuit detecting circuit 5 is also therefore unaffected; For the difference discharge circuit of first voltage detecting circuit 7, at divider resistance R13 and R15, the branch of R14 and R16 is depressed, and two input pins of amplifier U2B voltage over the ground is no more than ± 3V, so amplifier U2B can not damage.
Situation three, the solar panel reversal connection, when accumulator positive connects: the accessory power supply operate as normal, first signaling module and secondary signal module be operate as normal also; The load circuit and first short-circuit detecting circuit 2 are unaffected; Not work of second switch circuit 6 is off-state, and Q_COM approaches 0V, and second short-circuit detecting circuit 5 is also therefore unaffected; For the difference discharge circuit of first voltage detecting circuit 7, at divider resistance R13 and R15, the branch of R14 and R16 is depressed, and two input pins of amplifier U2B voltage over the ground is no more than ± 3V, so amplifier U2B can not damage.
Situation four, solar energy just connects, and during reverse connection of accumulator: accessory power supply, first signaling module and secondary signal module are all less than work, and the load circuit and first short-circuit detecting circuit 7 do not have device failure with situation one identical promptly work yet; The 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 end, so charging circuit is off-state; For the difference discharge circuit of first voltage detecting circuit 7, at divider resistance R13 and R15, the branch of R14 and R16 is depressed, and two input pins of amplifier U2B voltage over the ground is no more than ± 3V, so amplifier U2B can not damage; For second short-circuit detecting circuit 5, Q_COM is high negative pressure (if the system of 24V to the voltage of GND, then Q_COM to the voltage of GND can reach-70V), voltage-stabiliser tube Z7 forward conduction makes the second input input voltage of the second comparator U2A be-0.7V, therefore two comparator U2A do not damage, there is the high pressure of 60-70V to be loaded into R26 upward (situation of 24V system) simultaneously,, therefore do not damage because R26 can tolerate corresponding power.
Situation five, during the reversal connection simultaneously of solar energy reversal connection and storage battery: accessory power supply, first signaling module and secondary signal module are all less than work, and the load circuit and first short-circuit detecting circuit 7 do not have device failure with situation one identical promptly work yet; The charging circuit and second short-circuit detecting circuit 5 do not have components from being damaged with situation three identical promptly work yet.
(2) incorrect erection sequence, system still can operate as normal.Under normal situation, be will connect storage battery earlier, after system gets up, recognize storage battery automatically after, connect again that solar panel could operate as normal.But for foolproof installation, can support to connect earlier solar panel, after connect storage battery, system still can operate as normal.When connecting solar panel in the ban, accessory power supply, first signaling module and secondary signal module are all less than work, and after the wait storage battery connected, system had just been recovered normally.
(3) incorrect disconnection order: under the normal condition, require earlier to disconnect solar panel, remove storage battery again, but project installation the time, often occur removing storage battery earlier, remove or do not remove the situation of solar panel again.When storage battery removed earlier, if system does not charge, accessory power supply quit work immediately so, and the control of first signaling module and secondary signal module is also followed by stopping; If system charges, the input voltage of accessory power supply is transferred to the open circuit voltage of solar panel by battery tension so, therefore the mutation voltage that has moment is loaded into the input of accessory power supply, 59 moments of resistance R have above high voltage to 10V-30V is loaded into, then toward electric capacity EC1 charging, resistance R 59 both end voltage reduce slowly, the voltage of electric capacity EC1 slowly raises, these resistance R 59 meetings constantly produce bigger power consumption, in order to tolerate this power consumption, resistance R 59 is the fixed carbon resister of 3W moment; When the secondary signal module detects voltage and surpasses the scope of battery tension by second voltage detecting circuit 8 after (＞33V); then disconnect charge circuit; accessory power supply does not have power supply this moment; so cisco unity malfunction; first signaling module and secondary signal module can not operate as normal; therefore system promptly can not work, and has reached to prevent high pressure, the purpose of protection device.Certainly, if the system of 12V, the voltage of solar panel has only about 20V, and it is again the another one response process: after disconnecting storage battery, if charging circuit is not worked, the front face is described the same, and system quits work immediately; If charge circuit is worked, system changes the PWM charged state over to (owing to the chemical reaction for balanced internal storage battery at once so, improve the life-span of storage battery, charge in batteries reaches certain voltage and just begins the PWM charging, the open circuit voltage of charging circuit can directly be loaded into the storage battery two ends, the secondary signal module can think that this voltage is battery tension, simultaneously, this voltage is higher than the cut-in voltage of PWM charging certainly, institute is so that entered the PWM charging), in the moment of PWM charge closing circuit, whole system is not paralysed owing to accessory power supply has power supply, and follow-up continuation keeps off position.
(4) short-circuit protection: when cable was walked in construction at the scene, situation about being short-circuited can hardly be avoided, and accomplish foolproof installation, then needs to possess the function of short-circuit protection.Short-circuit protection is divided into two kinds, the short-circuit protection of charging circuit and the short-circuit protection of load circuit.If install at night, charging circuit is idle, and the solar energy terminal shortcircuit any situation can not take place; If installation and controller charge by day, the short circuit meeting of charging circuit makes charging circuit produce very big reverse impact electric current, in case the second comparator U2A detects reverse current, then notify the secondary signal module to disconnect charging circuit immediately with protection device, report to the police simultaneously; If the short circuit of charging circuit continues, charging circuit can not opened always so, thinks that the solar panel output voltage is 0V (being night).If load circuit is short-circuited, but load circuit disconnects no abnormal generation; If load circuit is opened; have a very big impulse current so through load circuit; the output INT2 of the first comparator U2D becomes low level and notifies first signaling module; first signaling module detects that (duration was generally 1-5us after big electric current had continued certain hour; be in order to distinguish power on constantly impulse current of load; otherwise having misoperation takes place), close load circuit immediately with protection device, report to the police simultaneously.
The utility model is also constructed a kind of solar power system; this solar power system adopts above-mentioned fool proof protective circuit; by above-mentioned circuit structure: auxiliary electrical source generating circuit 9; charging circuit; second short-circuit detecting circuit 5; first voltage detecting circuit 7; load circuit; first short-circuit detecting circuit 2; second voltage detecting circuit 8; both realized the function of common high-power controller; support the foolproof project installation of solar power system again; conclude to get up to comprise: wiring error protection (positive reversal connection and various combination thereof), the improper protection of the order of connection; the improper protection of disconnection order; short-circuit protection etc.Foolproof project installation has been simplified the engineering construction difficulty greatly, has reduced the requirement of project installation.
The above only is embodiment of the present utility model; be not so limit claim of the present utility model; every equivalent structure transformation that utilizes the utility model specification and accompanying drawing content to be done; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a fool proof protective circuit is connected between storage battery, load circuit and the solar panel, it is characterized in that, comprising:
When described reverse connection of accumulator, disconnect the metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit (1) of described load circuit;
First short-circuit detecting circuit (2) of first sample rate current of the conduction impedance of first metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q6) when detecting described load circuit and connecting; And
Control (3) conducting of first switching circuit or disconnect first signaling module of described load circuit according to described first sample rate current.
2. fool proof protective circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first short-circuit detecting circuit (2) comprising:
First reference voltage that produces according to first generating circuit from reference voltage and described first sample rate current are controlled (3) conducting of first switching circuit or are disconnected first comparator (U2D) of described load circuit.
3. fool proof protective circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first switching circuit (3) comprises that control second metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q4) makes the first control circuit of described load circuit conducting or disconnection.
4. fool proof protective circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described fool proof protective circuit also comprises:
When described first switching circuit (3) disconnects described load circuit owing to short circuit, detect the testing circuit of recovery certainly (4) whether described load circuit opens circuit;
Described first signaling module is for controlling (3) conducting of first switching circuit or disconnect the signaling module of described load circuit from the testing result of recovering testing circuit (4) according to described.
5. fool proof protective circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described fool proof protective circuit also comprises:
Second sample rate current, second short-circuit detecting circuit (5) of the conduction impedance of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1) when detecting described charging circuit and connecting; And
According to control second switch circuit (6) conducting of described second sample rate current or disconnect the secondary signal module of described charging circuit.
6. fool proof protective circuit according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described second short-circuit detecting circuit (5) comprising:
Second reference voltage that produces according to second generating circuit from reference voltage and described second sample rate current are controlled described second switch circuit (6) conducting or are disconnected second comparator (U2A) of described charging circuit.
7. fool proof protective circuit according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described second switch circuit (6) also comprises:
Control the second control circuit that described the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1) and the 4th metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q2) make described charging circuit conducting or disconnection.
8. fool proof protective circuit according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described fool proof protective circuit also comprises:
Detect first voltage detecting circuit (7) of described solar cell panel voltages;
Detect second voltage detecting circuit (8) of described battery tension; And
The auxiliary electrical source generating circuit (9) of output driving power (VSW) and reference power supply when accumulator positive connects;
Described secondary signal module is for according to described second switch circuit (6) conducting of the detection voltage control of described first voltage detecting circuit (7) and described second voltage detecting circuit (8) or disconnect the signaling module of described charging circuit,
Described auxiliary electrical source generating circuit (9) is connected with described storage battery by the 3rd diode (D4).
9. a fool proof protective circuit is connected between storage battery, load circuit and the solar panel, it is characterized in that, comprising:
When described reverse connection of accumulator, disconnect the metal-oxide-semiconductor protective circuit (1) of described load circuit;
First short-circuit detecting circuit (2) of first sample rate current of the conduction impedance of first metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q6) when detecting described load circuit and connecting;
When described first switching circuit (3) cuts out described load circuit owing to short circuit, detect the testing circuit of recovery certainly (4) whether described load circuit opens circuit;
Second short-circuit detecting circuit (5) of second sample rate current of the conduction impedance of the 3rd metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1) when detecting described charging circuit and connecting;
Detect first voltage detecting circuit (7) of described solar cell panel voltages;
Detect second voltage detecting circuit (8) of described battery tension;
The auxiliary electrical source generating circuit (9) of output driving power (VSW) and reference power supply when accumulator positive connects;
According to first sample rate current of described first short-circuit detecting circuit (2) with describedly control (3) conducting of first switching circuit or disconnect first signaling module of described load circuit from the testing result of recovering testing circuit (4); And
According to detection voltage control second switch circuit (6) conducting of second sample rate current, described first voltage detecting circuit (7) and described second voltage detecting circuit (8) of described second short-circuit detecting circuit (5) or disconnect the secondary signal module of described charging circuit.
10. one kind is adopted power 1 to the solar power system of weighing 9 arbitrary described fool proof protective circuits.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201020511618 CN201854030U (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | Protection circuit for preventing misoperation and solar power generation system applying protection circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201020511618 CN201854030U (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | Protection circuit for preventing misoperation and solar power generation system applying protection circuit |
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| CN201854030U true CN201854030U (en) | 2011-06-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201020511618 Expired - Fee Related CN201854030U (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | Protection circuit for preventing misoperation and solar power generation system applying protection circuit |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101924363A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2010-12-22 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | Protection circuit for preventing misoperations and solar power generation system applying same |
| CN106099216A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏博强新能源科技有限公司 | Two grades of hardware protection devices of lithium battery bag |
| CN112688276A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 深圳市安帕尔科技有限公司 | Air station alarm host circuit and air station equipment |
-
2010
- 2010-08-31 CN CN 201020511618 patent/CN201854030U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101924363A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2010-12-22 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | Protection circuit for preventing misoperations and solar power generation system applying same |
| CN101924363B (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2013-04-10 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | Protection circuit for preventing misoperations and solar power generation system applying same |
| CN106099216A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏博强新能源科技有限公司 | Two grades of hardware protection devices of lithium battery bag |
| CN106099216B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏博强新能源科技股份有限公司 | Secondary hardware protection device for lithium battery pack |
| CN112688276A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 深圳市安帕尔科技有限公司 | Air station alarm host circuit and air station equipment |
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Granted publication date: 20110601 Termination date: 20130831 |