CN219478750U - Edible fungus strain mould - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to an edible fungus strain plastic mould, an edible fungus granular cultivated species, a preparation method and application thereof. The utility model relates to an edible fungus strain mould, which comprises an embedded cover 1 and a cone-like hollow mould body 2; the cone-like hollow plastic mold body 2 comprises a protruding edge 3, a hollow cylindrical section 4 with one end face connected with one side face of the protruding edge 3, and a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 connected with the other end face of the hollow cylindrical section 4, wherein the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 are uniformly distributed and form a hollowed-out structure. The edible fungus strain mould comprises a hollow cylindrical section with a protruding edge and a hollow-out structure formed by even strip-shaped claws, wherein the hollow cylindrical section is sealed at the top and the periphery, the protruding edge can be used for compacting plastic bag films around an inoculation port after the prepared edible fungus granular cultivated species are pressed into the inoculation port when the edible fungus is inoculated, bacteria culturing can be realized without sleeving bacteria sticks on the bags, and the infection rate of the bacteria sticks is greatly reduced.

Description

Edible fungus strain mould

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to an edible fungus strain plastic mould.

Background

In China, edible fungus substitutes such as black fungus, auricularia polytricha, lentinus edodes and the like are mainly cultivated by adopting plastic bags such as polyethylene, polypropylene and the like to contain matrixes, so that short or long round cultivation bars (commonly called fungus bars) are prepared, after inoculation and fungus cultivation, wild imitation is carried out on open-air sites or fungus (mushrooms) are produced in facilities such as fungus sheds and the like, and matrix-type and particle-type solid strains are the main stream of edible fungus production.

At present, the cultivation species (three-level strains) commonly used in the production of the black fungus, the auricularia polytricha and the lentinus edodes in the southern edible fungus main production area of China are bagged matrix type solid strains, and the matrix is a mixture of culture medium and hypha which takes wood chips and wheat bran as main raw materials. When the substrate type strain is used for producing the fungus stick, the fungus stick is required to be perforated, and then the strain is manually separated from the fungus stick by breaking and putting the strain in a plug manner. The sizes of the strain seed blocks are different, the strain is damaged by the fingers during seed plugging, the hyphae are recovered to grow after inoculation, the feeding speed is reduced, the inoculation openings are easy to be preempted by the mixed bacteria to cause mixed bacteria infection, and the hyphae grow into inconsistent areas at each inoculation opening, so that the standardized, intensive and large-scale production of the fungus sticks is not facilitated. Secondly, the main production area of the black fungus in the south of China is mainly concentrated in mountain areas, the temperature difference between the morning and evening is large, and the black fungus is rainy, in the management of wild-like cultivation of the black fungus, the inoculation port is easy to enter water and grow green mold to cause rotten sticks in the continuous overcast weather, the black fungus can also grow in clusters at the inoculation port, and the aims of high yield, stable yield and high quality are difficult to achieve; the substrate type cultivar is used in the production of auricularia polytricha and lentinus edodes, and has the problems of low inoculation efficiency and difficulty in stably reducing infection rate.

At present, the granular solid strain which does not need to be broken off is the capsule strain and the plastic mould strain which are used for production practice. There are mainly 2 strains with similar structures in China, namely a nail-type plastic mold strain for producing auricularia polytricha fungus sticks; one is a plastic mold strain disclosed in chinese patent CN110199779a (publication date: 2019, 09, 16), as shown in fig. 1. However, the mould for producing the nail-shaped strain for producing the auricularia polytricha fungus stick is characterized in that the mould body part is a hollow cone, the upper part of the mould body is provided with a protruding edge but is not closed, when the nail-shaped strain is used, the strain is driven into the fungus stick by means of external force, so that the mould is made of thermosetting plastic with high hardness, but the plastic cannot be recycled; meanwhile, in practical application, the auricularia polytricha nail-shaped mould strain is hollowed out due to the fact that the whole mould is used for inoculation, after the protruding edges on the particle strain mould compact plastic bag films around the fungus stick inoculation opening, the situation that tightness of fungus sticks is inconsistent is caused, so that the sealing degree of each stick cannot be guaranteed to reach the standard, and the fungus stick pollution rate is difficult to control in a fungus culturing link.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an edible fungus strain mould, an edible fungus granular cultivation seed, a preparation method and application thereof, and the edible fungus granular cultivation seed prepared by the edible fungus strain mould with the structure can reduce the pollution rate of strains, avoid the problem of bar rot caused by water inlet of an inoculation port and improve the germination rate of hyphae and the yield of the edible fungus.

The utility model provides an edible fungus strain mould, which comprises an embedded cover 1 and a cone-like hollow mould body 2; the cone-like hollow plastic mold body 2 comprises a protruding edge 3, a hollow cylindrical section 4 with one end surface connected with one side surface of the protruding edge 3, and a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 connected with the other end surface of the hollow cylindrical section 4, wherein the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 are uniformly distributed and form a hollowed-out structure.

Preferably, the embedded cover 1 is a hollow cylinder, and the embedded cover 1 comprises a middle protrusion 6; the cone-like hollow mould body 2 comprises a recess 7 which is engaged with the central protrusion 6.

Preferably, the thickness of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical section 4 is 1.2-2.2 mm; the thickness of the arc-shaped strip-shaped claw 5 is the same as that of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical section 4.

Preferably, the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the flange 3 is 2.4-4.0 mm.

Preferably, the thickness of the protruding edge 3 is 1.2-2.2 mm.

Preferably, the edible fungus strain plastic mould is made of renewable thermoplastic plastics.

Preferably, the ratio of the vertical height of the hollow-out structure to the height of the hollow cylindrical section 4 is 3.1:1.

preferably, the arc-shaped strip-shaped claw 5 is of a trapezoid-like structure with radian.

Preferably, the ratio of the width of the connecting end of the arc-shaped strip claw 5 and the hollow cylindrical section 4 to the width of the end is 1.68:1.

the beneficial effects are that:

the utility model provides an edible fungus strain mould, which comprises an embedded cover 1 and a cone-like hollow mould body 2; the cone-like hollow plastic mold body 2 comprises a protruding edge 3, a hollow cylindrical section 4 with one end face connected with one side face of the protruding edge 3, and a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 connected with the other end face of the hollow cylindrical section 4, wherein the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 are uniformly distributed and form a hollowed-out structure. The edible fungus strain mould comprises a hollow cylindrical section with a protruding edge and a hollow-out structure formed by uniformly distributed strip-shaped claws, wherein the protruding edge can be used for compacting plastic bag films around an inoculation port after the prepared edible fungus granular cultivated seeds are pressed into or put into the inoculation port during inoculation, and the closed section arranged below the protruding edge can realize fungus cultivation without bagging and greatly reduce the infection rate of fungus sticks.

Meanwhile, the edible fungus granular cultivated species prepared by the edible fungus strain mould is wrapped by the mould with certain hardness, the edible fungus granular cultivated species is placed into a fungus stick inoculation hole matched with the edible fungus granular cultivated species during inoculation, and the protruding edge on the mould is used for compacting plastic bag films around the inoculation hole, so that bagging bacteria cultivation is not needed, plastic reduction is realized, and the bacteria cultivation cost is reduced.

Furthermore, the edible fungi particle type cultivar is used for cultivating the edible fungi without breaking off the strains by hands like the conventional matrix strains, and then the strains are divided into a seed block to be pressed into the holes, so that the breaking of hyphae can be avoided, the recovery time of the hyphae is reduced, the hyphae can run faster, the fungus culturing period is shortened by 3-7 days, the germination of the hyphae is promoted, and the yield of the edible fungi is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 shows a plastic mold strain disclosed in Chinese patent CN110199779A in the background of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the mold for edible fungus strains in example 1;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the mold for edible fungus strains in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section of the edible fungus strain mold of example 1;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the mold for edible fungus strains of example 1;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the edible fungus seed mold with the inner cover 1 of example 2 being hollow;

in fig. 2 to 6, 1 is an embedded cover, 2 is a cone-like hollow plastic mold body, 3 is a protruding edge, 4 is a hollow cylinder-like section, 5 is an arc-shaped strip claw, 6 is a middle protrusion, and 7 is a groove.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides an edible fungus strain mould, which comprises an embedded cover 1 and a cone-like hollow mould body 2; the cone-like hollow plastic mold body 2 comprises a protruding edge 3, a hollow cylindrical section 4 with one end face connected with one side face of the protruding edge 3, and a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 connected with the other end face of the hollow cylindrical section 4, wherein the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 are uniformly distributed and form a hollowed-out structure.

The edible fungus strain mould provided by the utility model comprises an embedded cover 1, wherein the embedded cover 1 is preferably a hollow cylinder with a middle protrusion 6. The difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the middle protrusion 6 according to the present utility model is preferably 4.3 to 4.5mm, more preferably 4.3mm. In the present utility model, the diameter of the upper end surface of the inner cap 1 is the same as the diameter of the lower end surface, and the difference between the outer diameter of the middle protrusion 6 and the diameter of the upper end surface of the inner cap 1 is preferably 0.7 to 0.9mm, more preferably 0.7mm. The height of the inner lid 1 of the present utility model is preferably 2.2 to 2.5mm, more preferably 2.5mm, and the thickness in the vertical direction is preferably 1.2 to 1.5mm, more preferably 1.5mm. The embedded cover 1 is connected with the cone-like hollow mould body 2 in a nested manner.

The edible fungus strain mould provided by the utility model comprises a cone-like hollow mould body 2. The cone-like hollow mould body 2 of the present utility model comprises a groove 7 which is engaged with the central protrusion 6 in the inner cover 1. The cone-like hollow plastic mould body 2 comprises a protruding edge 3, wherein the protruding edge 3 is preferably annular, and the thickness of the protruding edge 3 is preferably 1.2-2.2 mm, more preferably 1.2mm; the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the flange 3 is preferably 2.4 to 4.0mm, more preferably 2.4mm.

In the present utility model, the cone-like hollow plastic mold body 2 comprises a hollow cylindrical section 4 with an end surface connected with a bottom surface of the flange 3, and the thickness of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical section 4 is preferably 1.2-2.2 mm, more preferably 1.9mm. The outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical-like section 4 according to the utility model is preferably the same as the inner diameter of the bead 3.

In the utility model, the cone-like hollow plastic mold body 2 comprises a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 connected with the other end face of the hollow cylindrical section 4, and the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws are uniformly distributed to form a hollowed-out structure. The ratio of the vertical height of the hollow-out structure to the height of the hollow cylindrical section 4 is preferably 3.1:1, a step of; the vertical height of the cone-like hollow mould body 2 is the height of the edible fungus strain mould; the vertical height of the hollow cylindrical-like section 4 is preferably 7-8 mm, more preferably 7mm; the thickness of the connecting end of the arc-shaped strip claw 5 and the hollow cylindrical section 4 is preferably the same as the thickness of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical section 4. The arc-shaped strip claw 5 is preferably in a trapezoid-like structure with radian, and the ratio of the width of the connecting end of the arc-shaped strip claw to the width of the end part of the hollow cylinder-like section 4 is preferably 1.68:1.

the size, the weight and the number of the arc-shaped strip claws 5 of the edible fungus strain mould are not particularly limited, and the edible fungus strain mould is adjusted according to the size of the granular edible fungus cultivated species to be prepared, if the height of the cone-like hollow mould body 2 of the edible fungus strain mould in the embodiment of the utility model is 30mm, the diameters of the upper end face and the lower end face of the embedded cover 1 are 17.5mm, the outer diameter of the middle protrusion 6 is 18.2mm, the inner diameter is 13.9mm, the height of the embedded cover 1 is 2.5mm, and the thickness is 1.5mm; the outer diameter of the protruding edge 3 is 23mm, the inner diameter is 20.6mm, and the thickness is 1.2mm; the height of the hollow cylindrical section 4 is 7.0mm, the maximum outer diameter is 20.6mm, and the thickness of the side wall is 1.9mm; the number of the arc-shaped strip claws 5 is 6, the width of the connecting end of the arc-shaped strip claws with the hollow cylindrical section 4 is 16.8mm, and the width of the end part is 10.0mm.

The edible fungus strain plastic mould is preferably made of renewable thermoplastic plastic, and more preferably polyethylene or polypropylene.

The upper part of the edible fungus strain mould is provided with a closed inner cavity consisting of an embedded cover 1, a protruding edge 3 and a hollow cylindrical section 4, the lower part of the mould is of a fully hollow structure consisting of a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 which are uniformly distributed, the mould of the structure can form a certain gripping force on culture materials and hyphae by virtue of the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws, after the edible fungus granular cultivated species prepared by the mould structure are inoculated, the protruding edge of the mould can compact an inoculation port, the contact area of a culture material substrate with the hyphae and a fungus stick is large, the ventilation is good, the hyphae eat materials quickly, the preemption of a pre-machine can be quickly realized, and the probability of mixed fungus infection is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the edible fungus strain mould is prepared from renewable thermoplastic plastics, so that the mould and the plastics can be recycled, energy is saved, environment is protected, and cost is saved.

The utility model also provides a preparation method of the edible fungus strain plastic mould, which adopts a two-step injection molding method or a one-step injection molding method, and preferably adopts a two-step injection molding method. The two-step injection molding method preferably comprises the steps of respectively preparing the embedded cover 1 and the cone-like hollow mold body 2, and then combining to prepare the edible fungus strain mold. The specific process of the two-step injection molding method is not particularly limited, and the two-step injection molding method is adopted for preparation in the field. The adoption of the one-step injection molding method for preparing the edible fungus strain mold is relatively difficult in demolding despite the high cost, but the adoption of the one-step injection molding method for preparing the edible fungus strain mold still belongs to the protection scope of the utility model.

The utility model also provides an edible fungus particle type cultivated species, which comprises the edible fungus strain mould according to the technical scheme or the edible fungus strain mould, the compost and the edible fungus stock seed prepared by the preparation method according to the technical scheme; the culture material is filled in the inner cavity of the edible fungus strain mould; hypha of the edible fungus stock is fully distributed in the culture material. The composition of the culture medium is not particularly limited, and the conventional strain culture medium in the field can be selected according to the type of the edible fungi.

The utility model also provides a preparation method of the edible fungus granular cultivar, which comprises the following steps:

mixing and stirring the edible fungus strain mould prepared by the technical scheme or the edible fungus strain mould prepared by the preparation method with a culture material to obtain edible fungus strain mould particles with inner cavities filled with the culture material;

and filling the edible fungus strain plastic mould particles filled with the culture material in the inner cavity with a strain culture device, inoculating an edible fungus stock strain for strain culture until the strain culture device is fully covered with hypha, and obtaining the edible fungus particle type cultivation seed.

According to the utility model, the edible fungus strain mould or the edible fungus strain mould prepared by the preparation method is mixed with the culture material and stirred to obtain the edible fungus strain mould particles with the inner cavity filled with the culture material. The utility model is not particularly limited in the mixing and stirring modes, and the culture material can be filled in the inner cavity of the edible fungus strain mould.

After the edible fungus strain plastic mould particles with the inner cavity filled with the culture material are obtained, the edible fungus strain plastic mould particles with the inner cavity filled with the culture material are filled with a strain culture device. The strain culture device of the utility model preferably comprises a strain bag or a strain bottle, and more preferably a strain bag. The size and the material of the strain culture device are not particularly limited, the strain culture device is conventionally adjusted according to the number and the requirements of the edible fungus granular cultivars which are actually needed, and the material is determined whether to select the high-pressure resistant material according to whether the sterilizing equipment is a high-pressure container or not. The strain culture device used in the embodiment of the utility model is a plastic barrel bag, the outer diameter of the bottom of the plastic barrel bag is 15cm, the length of the plastic barrel bag is 28cm, and 96-100 edible fungus strain plastic mould particles with inner cavities filled with the culture materials are filled in each plastic barrel bag.

After the edible fungus strain plastic mould particles with the inner cavity filled with the culture material are filled with the strain culture device, the utility model preferably fills a layer of culture material at the tying position of the strain culture device, so that after the edible fungus stock is inoculated subsequently, hyphae can eat the material rapidly.

After a layer of culture medium is filled in the tying position of the strain culture device, the strain culture device is preferably subjected to tying and sterilization treatment. The tying has the sealing effect. The specific operation of the sterilization treatment is not particularly limited, and the sterilization treatment is performed by adopting the conventional sterilization treatment in the field, such as high-pressure steam sterilization, specifically 110 ℃ sterilization for 5 hours, and the material of a strain bag used by the strain culture device is polypropylene capable of resisting high-pressure steam.

After the sterilization treatment, the utility model preferably adds edible fungus stock seeds into the strain culture device to culture the edible fungus stock seeds until the strain culture device is fully covered with hypha to obtain the edible fungus granular cultivation seeds when the external temperature of the strain culture device is cooled to below 25 ℃ or the internal temperature is cooled to below 30 ℃. The edible fungus stock of the utility model preferably has an access amount of 15-20 g, more preferably 17g. The temperature for culturing the strain is preferably 25-28 ℃, more preferably 26 ℃; the time is preferably 40 to 50 days, more preferably 45 days. In the present utility model, the strain culture device is preferably sealed.

The edible fungus granular cultivated species obtained by adopting the technical scheme is wrapped by the plastic mould with certain hardness, when cultivation inoculation is carried out, an inoculation hole matched with the edible fungus granular cultivated species is directly punched on a fungus stick, the edible fungus granular cultivated species is placed into the inoculation hole, the plastic bag film around the inoculation hole is compacted by the plastic mould protruding edge, bagging bacteria cultivation is not needed, plastic reduction is realized, and the bacteria cultivation cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the granular edible fungus granular cultivated species can avoid breaking off the strain by hand like using the conventional matrix strain, and is divided into a grain of seed block to be pressed into holes to cause mycelium fracture, so that the mycelium recovery time is shortened, the mycelium growth is promoted, the inoculation success rate can be improved to 100%, and the infectious rate of mixed bacteria is reduced to below 1 percent from 10-20%; the particle size of the strain is consistent, the hyphae germinate orderly, the fungus culturing period of the edible fungus is shortened, and the standardized production of the strain and the fungus stick can be realized.

The utility model also provides the edible fungus strain mould prepared by the technical scheme, the edible fungus strain mould prepared by the preparation method or the application of the edible fungus granular cultivar in edible fungus cultivation. The edible fungi preferably comprise edible fungi and mushrooms; the Auricularia preferably comprises Auricularia polytricha and Auricularia auricula. The edible fungus cultivation preferably comprises edible fungus stick production and black fungus material substitution wild-like cultivation.

The technical solutions provided by the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples for further illustrating the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model.

Example 1

An edible fungus strain mould consists of the following structures:

comprises an embedded cover 1 and a cone-like hollow mould body 2; the cone-like hollow plastic mold body 2 sequentially comprises a protruding edge 3, a hollow cylindrical section 4 with one end surface connected with one side surface of the protruding edge 3, and a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 connected with the other end surface of the hollow cylindrical section 4 from top to bottom, wherein the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 are uniformly distributed and form a hollowed-out structure, as shown in fig. 2-5, wherein fig. 2 is a front view of an edible fungus strain mold, fig. 3 is a bottom view of the edible fungus strain plastic, fig. 4 is a longitudinal section view of the edible fungus strain mold, and fig. 5 is a top view of the edible fungus strain mold.

Example 2

An edible fungus strain mould consists of the following structures:

comprises an embedded cover 1 and a cone-like hollow mould body 2; the embedded cover 1 is a hollow cylinder, comprises a middle protrusion 6, and the cone-like hollow mould body 2 is provided with a groove 7 which is embedded with the hollow protrusion 6; the cone-like hollow plastic mold body 2 sequentially comprises a protruding edge 3, a hollow cylindrical section 4 with one end surface connected with one side surface of the protruding edge 3, and a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 connected with the other end surface of the hollow cylindrical section 4 from top to bottom, wherein the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws 5 are uniformly distributed and form a hollowed-out structure, as shown in fig. 2-3 and 5-6, wherein fig. 2 is a front view of an edible fungus strain mold, fig. 3 is a bottom view of the edible fungus strain plastic, fig. 5 is a top view of the edible fungus strain mold, and fig. 6 is a longitudinal section view of the hollow edible fungus strain mold with the embedded cover 1.

Example 3

A preparation method of edible fungus strain mould comprises the following steps:

according to the edible fungus strain molding structure shown in the embodiment 2, an embedded cover 1 and a cone-like hollow molding body 2 of an edible fungus strain mold are respectively prepared by adopting a two-step injection molding method, and the two are combined to obtain the edible fungus strain mold, wherein the height of the cone-like hollow molding body 2 in the edible fungus strain mold is 30mm, the diameters of the upper end face and the lower end face of the embedded cover 1 are 17.5mm, the outer diameter of a middle protrusion 6 is 18.2mm, the inner diameter is 13.9mm, the height of the embedded cover 1 is 2.5mm, and the thickness is 1.5mm; the outer diameter of the protruding edge 3 is 23mm, the inner diameter is 20.6mm, and the thickness is 1.2mm; the height of the hollow cylindrical section 4 is 7.0mm, the maximum outer diameter is 20.6mm, and the thickness of the side wall is 1.9mm; the number of the arc-shaped strip claws 5 is 6, the width of the connecting end of the arc-shaped strip claws with the hollow cylindrical section 4 is 16.8mm, and the width of the end part is 10.0mm; the material is polypropylene.

Example 4

A preparation method of edible fungus granular cultivars comprises the following steps:

preparing a culture material of edible fungi: the preparation method comprises the steps of weighing 78.1% of wood dust, 19.5% of wheat bran, 1.2% of gypsum powder and 1.2% of sugar according to the mass percentage, adding water for premixing in a stirring tank, controlling the water content of a culture material to be 60%, uniformly mixing the culture material, adding the mixture into a hollow mould cavity, stirring and mixing the mixture, filling the culture material into the hollow mould cavity to obtain edible fungus strain mould particles with the cavity filled with the culture material, lifting and conveying the mixture of the edible fungus strain mould particles with the cavity filled with the culture material to a charging table, and arranging a micro-vibration screening device at the front end of the charging table to separate the mould particles filled with the culture material from unfilled culture material, and conveying most of unfilled culture material back to the stirring tank. And (3) filling plastic molded particles filled with the culture materials into plastic cylindrical bags on a charging table, wherein the outer diameter of each cylindrical bag is 15cm, the length of each cylindrical bag is 28cm, 96-100 particles are filled into each cylindrical bag, and 20-30 g of culture materials are put into the upper layer of the bag near the tying opening after filling, so that hyphae can quickly eat the materials after the raw seed blocks are inoculated. The packed strain bag is subjected to tying and sterilization treatment, when the strain bag is cooled to below 25 ℃ (the outer surface of the bag) or below 30 ℃ (the temperature in the bag), the tying of the strain bag is opened in a sterile room or an inoculation box, 15-20 g of edible fungus stock seeds are taken by a sterilized tool, and then the edible fungus stock seeds are placed in the strain bag for tying culture for about 45 days, and the bagged granular culture seeds can be prepared after hyphae are fully eaten.

Application example 1

The application of the edible fungus granular cultivar in the production of the black fungus sticks (cultivation bags) comprises the following steps:

1) The fungus stick culture material formula comprises: 78.5% of wood dust, 20% of wheat bran, 0.5% of lime and 1% of gypsum powder;

2) Bagging the fungus sticks: preparing materials according to a formula, mixing the raw materials, adding water, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content of a culture medium to be 52%, and controlling the pH value to be 5.5; the specification of the bag is 15cm multiplied by 55cm, the material is polypropylene, and each bag is filled with 1.5kg;

3) Sterilizing the fungus sticks by adopting a high-pressure steam sterilization method;

4) Referring to the preparation method in the example 4, the bagged granular cultivars of the black fungus are prepared;

5) The pedal punching inoculation box is adopted for inoculation, and the specific steps are as follows: filling punching parts of a commercially available pedal punching device into an inoculation box, performing cleaning and disinfection work on the space in the inoculation box, carrying the fungus stick to be inoculated in the step 3) and the black fungus bagged particle type cultivar prepared in the step 4) into the inoculation box, sterilizing the inside of the inoculation box by aerosol with a disinfectant, sterilizing the punching parts and hands by using 75% alcohol by volume percentage concentration, and punching 3-4 inoculation openings matched with the edible fungus particle type cultivar in size on the same side of the fungus stick by using the pedal punching device, wherein the diameter of each inoculation opening hole is 2cm, and the depth of each hole is 3.5cm. The strain bags are manually opened while being opened, the edible fungus granular cultivation seeds are taken out and placed in the inoculation openings, one seed is placed in each hole, the plastic mould protruding edges of the edible fungus granular cultivation seeds compact the fungus bag film of the inoculation openings, one inoculation operation is completed, the inoculated fungus sticks are transferred out of the inoculation box, no plastic bags are required to be sleeved, and the fungus sticks are directly stacked and enter a fungus culturing link to carry out conventional fungus culturing management of the black fungus.

Application example 2

The application of the edible fungus granule type cultivar in the production of auricularia polytricha fungus sticks (cultivation bags) comprises the following steps:

the application was performed with reference to the method of application example 1, with the difference that the operations in step 5) were different, specifically: when the surface temperature of the sterilized fungus sticks in the step 3) is reduced to below 25 ℃, the fungus sticks can enter the sterilizing and inoculating procedures, and an open type rapid inoculating method is adopted for inoculating, so that inoculating personnel are reasonably distributed to form a ring. Dust cannot fly on the inoculation sites, the soil is paved with clean agricultural films, and the sites are strictly sterilized before inoculation. Before inoculation, the fungus stick and the bagged granular cultivar are covered by plastic films, aerosol sterilization is carried out, and a drill bit and a human hand of a puncher, which are contacted with the fungus stick, are sterilized by using the Jielsen. When inoculating, one person wipes the surface of one side of the fungus stick with the novel Jieer sterilizing liquid, then one person uses a hand-held electric puncher to punch 3-4 inoculation openings on the single side of the fungus stick which is wiped with the sterilizing liquid, the diameter of each inoculation opening hole is 2cm, the depth of each hole is 3.5cm, one person opens the strain bag, the strain bags are used while opening, the auricularia polytricha granular cultivated species are taken out and put into the inoculation openings, one seed is put into each hole, the plastic bags of the auricularia polytricha granular cultivated species are compacted along the plastic bags film of the inoculation openings to finish one inoculation operation, the connected fungus sticks do not cover plastic bags any more, directly enter the fungus culturing links, and are managed and protected according to fungus culturing management requirements of auricularia polytricha.

Application example 3

The procedure of application example 2 is the same as that of the application of the edible fungus granular cultivar in the production of mushroom sticks (cultivation bags). The grafted mushroom sticks are not sleeved with plastic bags, and can directly enter a fungus culturing link.

Application example 4

The application of the edible fungus granular cultivar in the black fungus material-replacing wild-like cultivation process (the distance between the production place of the edible fungus and the production place of the stick is within 20 km), comprises the following steps:

1) The formula of the culture material comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials according to a formula of 78.5% of wood chips, 20% of wheat bran, 0.5% of lime and 1% of gypsum powder by mass, uniformly mixing the raw materials, controlling the water content of a culture medium to be 52% and controlling the pH value to be 5.5;

2) The bagging process comprises the following steps: the specification of the bag is a polypropylene bag with 15cm multiplied by 55cm, each bag is filled with 1.5kg of materials, the bag is filled by a bagging machine, and the bag filling process is required to be completed: the stirred materials are filled in 5 hours;

3) When picking up the fungus stick, carefully checking whether the fungus stick has a broken hole by eyes and hands, and if the fungus stick has a broken hole, immediately sticking the fungus stick with an adhesive tape;

4) And (3) sterilization process: sterilizing by high-pressure steam: sterilizing for 12h at 110 ℃, wherein the fungus sticks are arranged in the iron basket during sterilization, so that the ventilation of the interior is facilitated;

5) Taking out of the pot when the temperature of the fungus sticks is reduced to 70 ℃ after sterilization, and conveying the fungus sticks into a cooling chamber for cooling;

6) Referring to the preparation method in the example 4, the bagged granular cultivars of the black fungus are prepared;

7) Inoculating the black fungus granule type cultivar prepared in the step 6) onto the fungus stick obtained in the step 5) by referring to the method in application example 1;

8) Placing the fungus sticks inoculated in the step 7) into a sterilized fungus culturing shed (room), and culturing the fungus by adopting a multilayer heap, wherein the fungus sticks are specifically as follows: firstly, spreading a layer of slaked lime on a field in a fungus culturing shed for disinsection and sterilization, spraying a carbendazim solution with mass concentration of 0.2% on the ground for sterilization 24 hours before fungus sticks are piled in, and then spreading a layer of plastic film on the ground. Stacking 7-10 layers of fungus sticks, keeping the distance between stacks, keeping heat dissipation and ventilation, avoiding the phenomenon of fungus stick burning, and facilitating the walking inspection of the fungus sticks; the temperature of the fungus culturing shed is 25-28 ℃, doors and windows are opened in the morning and evening for ventilation and cooling, and a sunshade net is closed for shading and cooling in the range of 9:00-16:00, so that direct sunlight is prevented. In the weather with high air temperature, the outdoor culture room and the ceiling can be cooled by adopting water spraying measures. The black fungus is aerobic fungus and sensitive to oxygen, the ventilation of surrounding air of fungus sticks is ensured in the whole culture process, and ventilation of a shed (room) is enhanced, if the fungus sticks with mixed fungus pollution are found, the fungus sticks are treated in time. The black fungus hypha growth stage does not need light, the light has a stimulation effect on the black fungus hypha, and can promote the formation of fungus buds and influence the normal growth of mycelium, so that dark conditions are provided during cultivation, and the illumination intensity is controlled below 100 Lx; after 35-40 days, hyphae grow fully into whole bars. After the hypha grows up to be full of the stick, temperature difference stimulation and light are applied, and the hypha continues to be cultured for 2 days and then enters the opening;

9) The solar energy is sufficient, ventilation is good, the land is flat, water is easy to drain, the land which is close to a water source is used as an ear field, drainage ditches are formed around the land, the width of each drainage ditch is 0.5m, and the depth of each drainage ditch is 0.2m. Leveling land parcels, making furrows with the width of 2m and the length of no limit, and enabling drainage ditches between the furrows to be 40cm wide and 10cm deep. Erecting wooden frames on the ridge bed, wherein the width of the wooden frames is 1.2-1.5 m, and the spacing between the frames is 0.5-0.6 m. And a water spraying facility is arranged before the fungus stick is arranged in the field. When the water spraying facility is installed, the main pipe with the outer diameter of 40-50 mm is connected with a water source, and the branch pipes with the outer diameter of 20mm are paved on a field, and the direction of the branch pipes is consistent with that of the iron wire frame. The distance between the spray heads is 2m, and the height of the spray heads from the ground is 80cm.

10 After 7-10 days of fungus sticks are full of hyphae, the fungus sticks are opened and put into the field, a puncturing machine is used for puncturing holes, the number of the puncturing holes of each stick is determined according to varieties, the depth of each hole is 0.5-1 cm, and the distance between the hole opening near the ground and the ground is required to be more than 5cm. Strong light, strong wind and heavy rain are avoided when the holes are opened, and the holes are immediately transferred to a field for field discharge. If severe weather is encountered, the materials can be firstly perforated, then are stacked in a mushroom cultivation shed for 3 days, and are put into the field after wound healing. Note that during the perforation operation, the parts of the perforation machine contacting the fungus sticks are cleaned and sterilized by a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1%. The method comprises the steps of spreading 40kg of lime powder to disinfect the ground of a bed, spreading an agricultural plastic film or dry straw on the ground, and pulling 2mm thick iron wires on a wood frame of the bed for supporting agaric sticks. Before placing the fungus sticks, 500 times of carbendazim is sprayed to disinfect the furrow bed. The perforated fungus sticks are arranged on the iron wire frame in a herringbone manner, and the distance between the sticks is 5-6 cm. When the rod is put, the tying end of the fungus rod faces upwards, and then the fungus rod enters a rod airing link. In the mode of putting the mushroom sticks in the field and taking out the ears, the first 3-5 days of putting the mushroom sticks in the field ensure that the mushroom sticks are sunned to turn the color and turn the white for at least two days, and then turning the mushroom sticks around and turning the face for tedding, so that the hyphae are ensured to grow uniformly and vigorously. If the sunlight is strong every day, the continuous sun drying cannot be carried out for 5 days, otherwise, the possibility of burning the rod exists, and the rod is turned over after two days of sun drying. The fungus sticks turn white after being turned over and sun-dried for 5-7 days, turn normal after being put into the field for 10 days, and can be supplemented with water according to the needs, and how the water is supplemented is determined by the weather, the air temperature and the dry and wet conditions. In general, dew is distributed on the fungus stick in the morning, and water can not be supplemented; if the fungus sticks are overdry on a continuous sunny day, a little water can be properly supplemented, the water spraying quantity is determined by the fungus sticks and weather, the spraying is uniform, and the fungus sticks are ensured to have proper humidity;

11 Fungus stick is put down in the field and is basically formed through a sun stick, moisturizing and moisturizing, and 20-30 days vent earbases, and the fungus stick can sprout only by the temperature difference between day and night and rainwater, for example, water is sprayed in the morning and evening when the weather is dry, the water spraying time is about 5 minutes each time, the time is gradually increased according to the fungus stick condition, and the water supply principle is as follows: the water is supplied only when the ear base is seen, and is supplied for a short time;

12 The ear-out management key point: if the climate is proper, the people can start to leave the ears after 20 days, and the water supply principle in the period of leaving the ears is as follows: the water is supplied in the morning and evening according to the size of the ear base in sunny days, the water supply time is increased from a few minutes to tens of minutes and then gradually increased from the long-term period of the ear base hanging at the air vent, and the ear pieces grow out after water is supplied for a few days. After the ear pieces grow out, the water can be stopped after the ear base is seen to swell every time the water is supplied. About one week before the normal management of the tremella is adopted, large water is fed (namely, two sections of water are fed firstly for half an hour, and then the water is fed for 1 half an hour after stopping for 10-20 min).

13 After picking the ears, entering the next tide for management. The weather condition is managed after picking the ears, such as the eye days when the eyes are in high-temperature burning sun, and the small water is cooled and moisturized when the 2 nd evening after picking the ears is short. If the artificial ear is picked in the dark, water supply is not needed within 3-4 days after picking, and the new ear base grows out and enters the management of the ear-out period again.

Application example 5

The application of the edible fungus granular cultivar in the wild-like cultivation process of the black fungus substitute material (the distance between the fungus producing field and the rod producing field is 20 km away) comprises the following steps:

the procedure of application example 4 is adopted, except that the formula of the culture material in the step 1) is 76.5% of wood chips, 10% of wheat bran, 10% of rice chaff, 2% of soybean meal, 0.5% of lime and 1% of gypsum, the water content of the culture medium is controlled at 55%, and the pH value is 6;

and 5) after sterilization, loading the fungus sticks and the iron basket into a fungus shed of an automobile to be transported to an ear-out site for cooling, wherein the cultivation process requires good road conditions in the transportation process, and the road surface is flat and not bumpy.

The method in application example 4 or 5 is adopted to carry out the wild-simulated cultivation of the black fungus substitute material, the fungus sticks with the same formula, the same fungus bag specification and the same manufacturing process are adopted, compared with the wild-simulated cultivation process of the black fungus substitute material by using the conventional matrix type strain (the technical specification of the high-yield cultivation of the black fungus in the high-cold mountain area of melting water, the integration of the quality-improving and efficiency-improving technology of the industry of melting water and the application of the black fungus, the accession number of the achievement: 2022F012Y 003528), the average yield of the dry black fungus with the same water content of each stick is increased from 110 g to 121 g, and the yield is increased by 10%.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the utility model, it should be understood that other embodiments may be devised in accordance with the present embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. The edible fungus strain mould is characterized by comprising an embedded cover (1) and a cone-like hollow mould body (2); the cone-like hollow plastic mold body (2) comprises a protruding edge (3), a hollow cylindrical section (4) with one end face connected with one side face of the protruding edge (3), and a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped claws (5) connected with the other end face of the hollow cylindrical section (4), wherein the arc-shaped strip-shaped claws (5) are uniformly distributed and form a hollowed-out structure.

2. Edible fungus seed mould according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cover (1) is a hollow cylinder-like body, the inner cover (1) comprising a central protrusion (6); the cone-like hollow mould body (2) comprises a groove (7) which is embedded with the middle protrusion (6).

3. Edible fungus strain mould according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the side wall of the hollow cylinder-like section (4) is 1.2-2.2 mm; the thickness of the arc-shaped strip-shaped claw (5) is the same as that of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical section (4).

4. The edible fungus seed mold according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the protruding edge (3) is 2.4-4.0 mm.

5. The edible fungus seed mold according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the protruding edge (3) is 1.2-2.2 mm.

6. The edible fungi seed mold of any of the claims 1-5, wherein the edible fungi seed mold is made of a renewable thermoplastic.

7. Edible fungus strain mould according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the vertical height of the hollowed-out structure to the height of the hollow cylindrical-like section (4) is 3.1:1.

8. edible fungus seed mould according to claim 1, characterised in that the arc-shaped strip-shaped claw (5) is of a trapezoid-like structure with radian.

9. Edible fungus seed mould according to claim 1, characterised in that the ratio of the width of the connecting end of the arc-shaped strip-shaped claw (5) and the hollow cylinder-like section (4) to the width of the end is 1.68:1.