CN219431215U - Safety fire-fighting stair - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a safe fire-fighting stair, which is characterized in that a stair structure is adjusted to be a side rest platform, two vertical heights close to each other on the same side are higher than a standard layer, the vertical heights of two adjacent steps vertically opposite to each other on the same side of the stair are higher than the standard layer, and the side rest platform (part of the modulus stair rest platform is a household passage at the same time, such as a straight running stair) adopts a non-closed structure reaching the safe height to carry out enclosure, thereby not only meeting the enclosure safety requirement of the high-rise fire-fighting stair, but also achieving the non-closed effect, preventing smoke dust from choking, and being capable of providing rescue and personnel evacuation for firefighters and avoiding the restriction on rescue force of fire-fighting facilities.

Description

Safety fire-fighting stair

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a safe fire-fighting stair.

Background

At present, the fire-fighting stairs are all closed stairs from the safety point of view of high-rise buildings. Because the structural form of the existing fire-fighting stair is that after each layer reaches a house-entering layer, the structural form of the next layer of stair extends upwards repeatedly, so that a side rest platform is formed, two vertical heights close to each other on the same side are standard layers, and the vertical heights of two steps close to each other vertically on the same side of the stair are standard layers. As high-rise building, if not sealed, people are evacuated through the high-rise building, the phenomenon of terrorism is necessarily present, even the danger of falling from the high altitude, especially children can climb, and potential safety hazards exist. In order to avoid such potential safety hazards, the height of the enclosure structure of the stairs needs to reach the safety standard, the height almost reaches a floor height, and the stairs are generally made into a closed structure for simple construction process. And in order to save the building cost, all fire-fighting stairways are integrated with the building. The closed stairwells, elevator shafts create a chimney effect that accelerates the spread of fire, toxic fumes, if once a fire is established.

In addition, it is known that building fire is harmful to people, and most of people are not flame per se, but a large amount of smoke dust and carbon dioxide generated by combustion, and fresh air and oxygen cannot be supplemented in a closed environment, so that oxygen deficiency and choking injury are caused.

Moreover, because the fire-fighting stairs and the building are integrated, the fire-fighting stairs are enclosed spaces, which is not beneficial for fire fighters to get in and out. Although fire-fighting facilities are arranged in the building, sometimes the fire-fighting facilities are not used, and fire can only be extinguished by a fire-fighting water vehicle. Is limited by the water storage capacity and the injection height of the fire truck, and greatly restricts the fire rescue force.

In addition, the fire-fighting stairs and the building are integrated, so that fire and smoke can be fleed when a fire occurs, and the fire-fighting stairs occupy lighting and ventilation surfaces and can obstruct indoor ventilation and lighting layout.

At present, a technology is also adopted to isolate smoke by adopting a stair smoke prevention technology of pressurized air supply. But according to hundred degrees encyclopedia: "in the design of the pressurized air supply smoke-proof system, the smoke-proof stairwell and the front chamber thereof are pressurized and supplied with air [1] at the same time. In theory, the stairwell is pressurized and supplied, and then the front chamber is pressurized and supplied, which is equal to that of adding a choke and air-proof line at the entrance of the stairwell, and the smoke-proof effect is better than that of the stairwell only, but in practice, the design calculation and operation control of the system are more complex, because when the doors between the smoke-proof stairwell and the front chamber of different floors and between the front chamber and the walkway are simultaneously opened, the airflow direction and the air quantity distribution are complex, the respective air supply quantity of the stairwell and the front chamber needs to be provided with an automatic control system to be reasonably distributed, and the pressure difference between the stairwell and the front chamber can be maintained. This is difficult to design and increases the investment. The technology is complicated, the investment is large, and the technology is uneconomical.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a non-closed safe fire-fighting stair applied to a high floor, which is characterized in that the safe fire-fighting stair is provided with a rest platform at the side, and two vertical heights close to each other at the same side are higher than one standard layer, such as two standard layers; the two steps vertically opposite from the upper part to the lower part are higher than one standard layer, such as two standard layers, and the rest platform at the side (part of the modular stair rest platform is a house entrance passage, such as a straight running stair) adopts a non-closed structure reaching a safe height for enclosure (the non-closed structure can be formed by the non-closed structure with the low part), and the structure is not limited in material and can be a concrete structure, a steel structure, a railing, a wall body and the like. The envelope is preferably no higher than the envelope of a standard layer. In general, after each floor reaches the entrance floor, the stair structure of the next floor is repeated to extend upwards. According to the technology, after each layer reaches a house-entering layer, a new stair structure form is established to extend upwards in the opposite direction of the next layer. The stairs and rest platforms of the storeys on the upper storey are not blocked, and the upper space is vertical. The structure can also continue to extend to the next layer and repeat until the desired satisfaction is reached, and then return to establishing a new stairway structure. Because it is non-enclosed construction, can guarantee that the smoke and dust can not be trapped in the safety stair, when taking place the fire house, make things convenient for natural wind and air, oxygen to get into, avoid the safety stair people to suffocate. Because the vertical heights of the upper side and the lower side of the same side are higher than that of a standard layer, even if the building envelope with enough height, such as the height of the standard layer, is reached, the building envelope can still have a high enough non-closed space, and natural fresh air can be introduced. In addition, in the non-closed section, a fence can be added for proper enclosure for further safety. And the structure is not closed, so that the chimney effect can be effectively avoided. The rest platform and the steps can be supported by columns or part of overhanging structures among all layers of structures. If the stairs are arranged in a traditional mode and a turning structural mode, namely after each layer reaches a house-entering layer, the structural mode of the stairs of the next layer can be repeated to extend upwards, at least two parts of the stair enclosing structure of each layer are arranged, the lower part of the stair enclosing structure is a solid wall part to the safety height, the part above the safety height adopts a hollowed enclosing structure, such as a railing, a fence and other ventilated structural modes, natural wind is conveniently introduced, and the stair enclosing structure is safe. Of course this approach is weaker than the first approach. Because the enclosure has relatively little remaining ventilation space after reaching the safe level.

If the stair is a stair, when the stair is connected from the next stair to the previous stair, the stair can continuously extend upwards to one layer in the forward direction or reversely turn back through extending one section, and as long as the stair is not vertically arranged with the next stair, the vertically upper and lower two adjacent stairs can reach not lower than two floors.

The safety fire-fighting stair is characterized in that the stair is close to the outer side of the building body, and a non-closed structure reaching a safe height is adopted for enclosing. The enclosure structure can be used for enclosing in parallel according to the inclination angle of the stairs. The enclosure structure height can be consistent with the rest platform.

The fire-fighting stair is independent of the building, the fire-fighting stair (which can comprise a rest platform) is isolated from one side close to the building body by using an integral nonflammable material, the fire-fighting stair is connected with the building by means of a corridor (which can comprise an elevator waiting room, an elevator and the like), and the fire-fighting stair can be provided with an independent fire-fighting facility. Because the fire-fighting stairs are independent of the outside of the building and are made of non-combustible materials, (materials with combustible hidden danger such as a heat-insulating layer can be omitted), and because the fire-fighting stairs are of non-closed structures, fire-fighting personnel can independently enter and exit each floor when a fire disaster occurs, and the fire-fighting vehicles are prevented from being excessively relied on to extinguish the fire.

Because the fire-fighting stair is independent of the outside of the building, the stair is prevented from occupying a ventilation and lighting surface, and ventilation and lighting in the stair are facilitated.

As the stairs are of non-closed structures, the stair has good lighting and ventilation, is higher than the standard layer, has comfortable space feeling, can be used as a body-building walk, and is used for the residents to exercise at ordinary times.

Compared with the prior art, through providing a safe fire-fighting stair, through adjusting stair structure to its avris rest platform, it is higher than a standard layer to approach two vertical heights from top to bottom with the avris, its stair homolimit side, two perpendicular heights that mark time of perpendicular just about being close are higher than a standard layer, its avris rest platform (partial modulus stair rest platform is passageway of registering one's residence simultaneously, say straight going one runs the stair), adopt the non-enclosed construction that reaches safe height to carry out the enclosure, both satisfy the enclosure safety requirement of high-rise fire-fighting stair, reach non-enclosed effect again, prevent that the smoke and dust from choking, can supply the firefighter to rescue, personnel are evacuated, avoid fire-fighting facility restriction rescue dynamics.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fire-fighting stair according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a security fire stair enclosure according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing another construction of a fire-fighting stair according to the present utility model

The drawings are identified as follows:

the novel building platform comprises a 1-same-side upper layer rest platform, a 2-same-side lower layer rest platform, a 3-same-side upper layer stair, a 4-same-side lower layer stair, a 5-same-side upper and lower adjacent two rest platforms vertical height, a 6-rest platform non-closed enclosure structure, a 7-stair leaning against the outer side enclosure structure of a building, a non-closed part formed by 8-stair, a 9-second stage stair structure, a 10-first stage stair structure, an 11-N household platform, a 12-N upper half-way rest platform, a 13-N+1 upper half-way rest platform, a 14-N+1 household platform and a 15-household platform.

Detailed Description

The following describes the embodiments of the present utility model in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a non-closed fire-fighting stair for a high-rise building is characterized in that the fire-fighting stair has a rest platform at the side, and two vertical heights adjacent to each other on the same side are higher than one standard layer, such as two standard layers, for example: the vertical heights of the upper rest platform (side rest platform) on the same side and the lower rest platform on the same side, which are 5-the upper and lower adjacent two rest platforms on the same side, are two standard layer heights; the vertical height of two steps vertically opposite from top to bottom is higher than that of one standard layer, such as two standard layers, for example, the height between 3-upper layer stairs at the same side and 4-lower layer stairs at the same side is two standard layer heights, the rest platform at the side (part of the modular stair rest platform is a household passage at the same time, such as straight running and one running stair), and a non-closed structure reaching a safe height is adopted for enclosure (so-called non-closed structure can be non-closed formed by part of low height), for example: the non-closed enclosure structure of the 6-rest platform is not limited in structural material, and can be a concrete structure, a steel structure, a railing, a wall body and the like. The envelope is preferably no higher than the envelope of a standard layer. Forming a non-closed portion formed by the 8-stair. In general, after each floor reaches the entrance floor 15-entrance platform, the stair structure of the next floor is repeated to extend upwards. According to the technology, after each layer reaches a house-entering layer, a new stair structure form is established to extend upwards in the opposite direction of the next layer. Such as: 9-stair structures of the second stage, 10-stair structures of the first stage. The two are not on the same side. The stairs and rest platforms of the storeys on the upper storey are not blocked, and the upper space is vertical. The structure can also continue to extend to the next layer and repeat until the desired satisfaction is reached, and then return to establishing a new stairway structure. Because it is non-enclosed construction, can guarantee that the smoke and dust can not be trapped in the safety stair, when taking place the fire house, make things convenient for natural wind and air, oxygen to get into, avoid the safety stair people to suffocate. Because the vertical heights of the upper side and the lower side of the same side are higher than that of a standard layer, even if the building envelope with enough height, such as the height of the standard layer, is reached, the building envelope can still have a high enough non-closed space, and natural fresh air can be introduced. In addition, in the non-closed section, a fence can be added for proper enclosure for further safety. The rest platform and the steps can be supported by columns or part of overhanging structures among all layers of structures.

The safety fire-fighting stair is characterized in that the stair is close to the outer side of the building body, and a non-closed structure reaching a safe height is adopted for enclosing, for example: 7-a side wall baffle structure of the outer side of the stair leaning against the building body. The enclosure structure can be used for enclosing in parallel according to the inclination angle of the stairs. The enclosure structure height can be consistent with the rest platform.

As shown in FIG. 3, another arrangement mode of the technology is different from the mode of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, namely, an 11-N layer entrance platform, a 12-N layer upward half-way rest platform (side rest platform), a 13-N+1 layer upward half-way rest platform (side rest platform), a 14-N+1 layer entrance platform, a 15-entrance platform and a stair entrance mode are provided, and turn along the direction of illustration. 9-stair structures of the second stage, 10-stair structures of the first stage, in this way repeatedly arranged upwards.

The fire-fighting stair is characterized in that the fire-fighting stair is independent of the outside of a building (not shown in the figure), one side, close to the building body, of the fire-fighting stair is independently sealed by an integral nonflammable material, the fire-fighting stair is connected with the building by means of a corridor (comprising an elevator waiting room, an elevator and the like), and the fire-fighting stair can be provided with independent fire-fighting facilities. Because the fire-fighting stairs are independent of the outside of the building and are made of non-combustible materials, (materials with combustible hidden danger such as a heat-insulating layer can be omitted), and because the fire-fighting stairs are of non-closed structures, fire-fighting personnel can independently enter and exit each floor when a fire disaster occurs, and the fire-fighting vehicles are prevented from being excessively relied on to extinguish the fire.

The present utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any modifications, improvements, substitutions, and the like, which may occur to those skilled in the art, fall within the scope of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (2)

1. The safety fire-fighting stair is characterized in that the rest platform at the side of the safety fire-fighting stair is close to two standard layers up and down at the same side, and the vertical heights of the two standard layers are higher than that of the standard layers; the vertical height of two adjacent steps vertically opposite to each other on the same side of the stair is higher than that of one standard layer, so that the two standard layers are achieved;

the safety fire-fighting stair adopts a non-closed structure reaching a safe height to carry out enclosure, wherein at least one of a rest platform at the side of the safety fire-fighting stair or the outer side of the stair leaning against a building body.

2. A safety fire-fighting stairway according to claim 1, characterised in that the fire-fighting stairway is independent of the building, the side of the fire-fighting stairway adjacent to the building body is isolated by means of integral non-combustible material, the fire-fighting stairway is connected to the building by means of a corridor, and the fire-fighting stairway can be equipped with independent fire-fighting facilities.