CN219197390U - Fire rescue structure for extra-long submarine tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a firefighting rescue structure of a super-long submarine tunnel, which comprises a shield tunnel section and an open-cut tunnel section, wherein the shield tunnel section comprises a shield tunnel unit and a shield well unit, the shield tunnel unit comprises an upper driving channel and a lower evacuation channel, the shield well unit comprises an upper driving layer and a lower evacuation layer, two ends of the upper driving layer are respectively communicated with the open-cut tunnel section and the upper driving channel, the lower evacuation layer is communicated with the lower evacuation channel, the upper driving channel is communicated with the lower evacuation channel through a communication unit, each open-cut tunnel section comprises a driving channel unit and a connecting ramp extending longitudinally along the tunnel, the high end of the connecting ramp is communicated with the driving channel unit, and the low end of the connecting ramp is communicated with the lower evacuation layer. The two-way opening fire rescue structure that this application provided has promoted rescue speed, and the organizational scheme is nimble, and the rescue vehicle can directly meet the personnel of fleing to ground safety area.

Description

Fire rescue structure for extra-long submarine tunnel

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnels, in particular to a firefighting rescue structure of a super-long submarine tunnel.

Background

The urban road tunnels have large scale, large quantity and large traffic flow, and once a fire accident occurs, serious casualties and socioeconomic losses can be caused. With the progress of social development and related technical research, more and more extra-long submarine tunnels with urban road properties are under construction under a good condition, and a typical representative is a Shantou bay tunnel. Due to the special environment of the extra-long submarine tunnel, the fire rescue has the characteristics of long and narrow space, sealing, difficult ventilation and smoke discharge, high Wen Gaodu thick smoke, severe rescue and escape environments, easy secondary disasters and the like, and the fire rescue problem of the tunnel faces a great challenge. The extra-long tunnel of the urban road usually adopts a structure system of a shield segment and open cut tunnels at two sides, and the open cut segments at two sides mainly play a role of a ground plane line.

The road tunnel fire rescue evacuation generally has three modes of transverse mode, longitudinal mode and transverse mode. The transverse mode is to organize firefighting rescue from one tunnel to another tunnel by utilizing a transverse channel; the longitudinal mode is to arrange a longitudinal safety channel in the tunnel for evacuation and rescue; the transverse and longitudinal combination modes are a combination of the transverse mode and the longitudinal mode. At present, the rescue evacuation of single-layer shield tunnels with diameters of about 11m in China is usually in a transverse mode, single-layer shield tunnels with diameters of 14m are usually in a transverse and longitudinal combined mode, double-layer shield tunnels with diameters of 14m are usually in a longitudinal mode, and the lower space of a traffic lane is fully utilized.

The submarine large-diameter shield tunnel possibly considers the anti-seismic factor, and the shield section is inconvenient to set a transverse channel, so that a longitudinal evacuation mode is usually adopted, a designated space at the lower layer of a traffic lane is generally adopted as a longitudinal evacuation channel, and the channel only limits trapped personnel and rescue evacuation vehicles in the tunnel to pass through. When a fire disaster occurs, trapped people fall to the rescue layer from the traffic lane layer through the nearby escape stairs, walk immediately or are sent to working wells at two ends of the tunnel through rescue vehicles, and are evacuated to the ground through the escape stairs.

This rescue evacuation mode generally has the following problems: the rescue speed is low; the rescue vehicle cannot reach the ground, and after the rescue vehicle receives evacuation personnel to a working well, the evacuation personnel need to walk to the ground through evacuation stairs, so that the rescue vehicle is not friendly to hurt patients; the rescue channel can only pass evacuation personnel and special small rescue vehicles stored in the tunnel, a perfect connection system is lacking between the lane layer and the escape rescue channel, and the fire-fighting rescue vehicles cannot directly enter from the outside of the tunnel; the rescue route is single, the organization form is not flexible enough, and the rescue evacuation requirements under the complex disaster condition are difficult to deal with.

In view of this, it is necessary to propose a very long submarine tunnel firefighting rescue structure that solves or at least alleviates the above-mentioned drawbacks.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide a firefighting rescue structure of a super-long submarine tunnel, which aims to solve the problems that rescue vehicles cannot directly reach a road surface when a longitudinal evacuation mode is adopted in the existing submarine large-diameter shield tunnel, and the rescue vehicle is not friendly enough to hurt patients and has low rescue speed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a firefighting rescue structure of a super-long submarine tunnel, which comprises a shield tunnel section and two open-cut tunnel sections which are oppositely arranged at two ends of the shield tunnel section; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the shield tunnel sections comprise shield tunnel units and shield well units, the shield well units are arranged between the corresponding open cut tunnel sections and the shield tunnel units, the shield tunnel units comprise upper driving channels and lower evacuation channels, and the shield well units comprise upper driving layers and lower evacuation layers; wherein, both ends of the upper driving layer are respectively communicated with the open cut tunnel section and the upper driving channel; the lower evacuation layer is communicated with the lower evacuation channel; the upper driving channel is communicated with the lower evacuation channel through a communication unit;

each open cut tunnel section comprises a traffic lane unit and a linking ramp extending longitudinally along the tunnel; the high-order end of the linking ramp is communicated with the traffic lane unit, the low-order end of the linking ramp is communicated with the lower evacuation layer, and the traffic lane unit is communicated with the upper traffic layer.

Preferably, the lane unit comprises a first lane, a second lane and a transverse lane; the first roadway and the second roadway are opposite in driving direction, and the first roadway is communicated with the second roadway through the transverse roadway; the linking ramp is arranged between the first roadway and the second roadway, the high-position end of the linking ramp is communicated with the transverse roadway, and the low-position end of the linking ramp is communicated with the lower evacuation layer.

Preferably, the number of the shield tunnel units is two, the driving directions of the two shield tunnel units are opposite, and the lower evacuation layers of the two shield tunnel units are communicated through the lower evacuation layers of the shield well units.

Preferably, the shield well unit further comprises a fire-fighting stairwell, wherein the lower end of the fire-fighting stairwell is communicated with the lower evacuation layer, and the upper end of the fire-fighting stairwell is communicated with the upper driving layer.

Preferably, the communication unit comprises an escape opening, a cover plate covered at the top of the escape opening and an escape stairwell arranged on the lower evacuation channel; the escape opening is communicated with the upper driving channel and the escape stairway, and the escape stairway is communicated with the lower evacuation channel through a fireproof door.

Preferably, an emergency lighting lamp and an indication mark are arranged on the side wall of the tunnel of the escape opening, and an indication mark for opening the cover plate is arranged on the top of the cover plate.

Preferably, the number of escape openings is plural, the escape openings are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the interval distance between two adjacent escape openings is between 60m and 100 m.

Preferably, the lower evacuation channel comprises a personnel-specific channel and a rescue vehicle-specific channel which are arranged side by side; the personnel-dedicated channel and the rescue vehicle-dedicated channel are both communicated with the lower evacuation layer.

Preferably, the escape stairwell is provided with a pressurized air supply device, and the air supply direction of the pressurized air supply device is consistent with the extending direction of the shield tunnel section.

Preferably, the indication mark on the cover plate is a light warning mark.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the utility model provides a firefighting rescue structure of a super-long submarine tunnel, which comprises a shield tunnel section and an open-cut tunnel section, wherein the shield tunnel section comprises a shield tunnel unit and a shield well unit, the shield tunnel unit comprises an upper driving channel and a lower evacuation channel, the shield well unit comprises an upper driving layer and a lower evacuation layer, two ends of the upper driving layer are respectively communicated with the open-cut tunnel section and the upper driving channel, the lower evacuation layer is communicated with the lower evacuation channel, the upper driving channel is communicated with the lower evacuation channel through a communication unit, each open-cut tunnel section comprises a driving channel unit and a connecting ramp extending longitudinally along the tunnel, the high end of the connecting ramp is communicated with the driving channel unit, and the low end of the connecting ramp is communicated with the lower evacuation layer. The application can realize:

(1) Rescue high efficiency: at the first moment of receiving the disaster, the fire-fighting rescue vehicle can directly drive into a special passage of the rescue vehicle below the tunnel from a traffic lane unit outside the tunnel to rescue, so that the rescue speed is improved, and the golden rescue time is fully mastered;

(2) Rescue convenience: the rescue vehicle can directly send the personnel evacuated to the personnel special channel to the ground layer safety area according to a specified route, and the injured patient can be directly docked with an external medical team, so that the rescue quality is improved;

(3) Evacuation flexibility: the escape and rescue channel, the traffic lane unit and the connecting ports thereof are required to be arranged reasonably, the nearest evacuation port is convenient to evacuate from when the disaster happens, the fastest evacuation path is adopted for evacuation, and the fire-fighting rescue organization forms are required to be diversified so as to meet the rescue and evacuation requirements under different disaster conditions.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shield segment in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.

Reference numerals illustrate:

10. a shield tunnel section; 11. a shield tunnel unit; 111. an upper driving channel; 112. a lower evacuation channel; 113. a personnel-specific passage; 114. a special passage for the rescue vehicle; 12. a shield well unit; 131. an escape opening; 132. a cover plate; 133. escape stairwell; 134. an indication mark; 20. open-cut tunnel sections; 21. a traffic lane unit; 211. a first roadway; 212. a second roadway; 213. a transverse roadway; 22. a linking ramp; 300. a, shield well; 310. b, shield well; 400. a, a shield tunnel unit; 410. b, shield tunnel units; 500. a is connected with the ramp; 510. b is connected with the ramp; 600. a, a transverse roadway of a vehicle; 610. and B, a transverse roadway.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present utility model are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

Furthermore, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can realize the technical solutions, and when the combination of the technical solutions 1 contradicts or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present utility model.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the firefighting rescue structure for a super-long submarine tunnel in one embodiment of the present utility model includes a shield tunnel section 10, and two open-cut tunnel sections 20 oppositely disposed at two ends of the shield tunnel section 10; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the shield tunnel sections 10 each comprise a shield tunnel unit 11 and a shield well unit 12, the shield well units 12 are arranged between the corresponding open cut tunnel sections 20 and the shield tunnel units 11, the shield tunnel units 11 comprise an upper travelling channel 111 and a lower evacuation channel 112, and the shield well units 12 comprise an upper travelling layer (not shown) and a lower evacuation layer (not shown); wherein, two ends of the upper driving layer are respectively communicated with the open cut tunnel section 20 and the upper driving channel 111; the lower evacuation layer is in communication with the lower evacuation channel 112; the upper driving channel 111 is communicated with the lower evacuation channel 112 through a communication unit;

each of the open cut tunnel segments 20 comprises a roadway unit 21 and a linking ramp 22 extending longitudinally along the tunnel; the high end of the linking ramp 22 is communicated with the traffic lane unit, the low end of the linking ramp 22 is communicated with the lower evacuation layer, and the traffic lane unit 21 is communicated with the upper traffic layer.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that vehicles traveling normally on the road may travel normally on the roadway units 21 of the open cut tunnel section 20, the upper driving layer of the shield well unit 12, and the shield tunnel unit 11 of the shield tunnel unit 11, and a specific firefighting rescue example will be described later.

It is noted that, by providing the engagement ramp 22, the present application can communicate the roadway unit 21 and the lower evacuation layer, and the upper driving channel 111 of the shield tunnel unit 11 can communicate with the lower evacuation channel 112 through the communication unit (communication unit), so that when a fire disaster occurs during driving, a person can enter the lower evacuation channel 112 through the communication unit, and then can choose to pass walking or carrying the fire rescue vehicle as required.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the lane unit 21 includes a first lane 211, a second lane 212 and a lateral lane 213; wherein the driving directions of the first roadway 211 and the second roadway 212 are opposite, and the first roadway 211 is communicated with the second roadway 212 through the transverse roadway 213; the linking ramp 22 is disposed between the first roadway 211 and the second roadway 212, the high end of the linking ramp 22 is communicated with the transverse roadway 213, and the low end of the linking ramp 22 is communicated with the lower evacuation layer.

As a preferred embodiment, the number of the shield tunnel units 11 is two, the driving directions of the two shield tunnel units 11 are opposite, and the lower evacuation layers of the two shield tunnel units 11 are communicated through the lower evacuation layers of the shield well units 12.

Further, the shield well unit 12 further includes a fire stairwell (not shown), a lower end of the fire stairwell being in communication with the lower evacuation layer, and an upper end of the fire stairwell being in communication with the upper driving layer.

As a preferred embodiment, the communication unit includes an escape opening 131, a cover plate 132 covering the top of the escape opening 131, and an escape stairwell 133 disposed in the lower evacuation channel 112; wherein the escape opening 131 is communicated with the upper driving channel 111 and the escape stairwell 133, and the escape stairwell 133 is communicated with the lower evacuation channel through a fireproof door. The cover 132 should be capable of bearing the load of the traveling vehicle and easy to open, and the cover 132 can be opened manually or remotely, so that when the shield tunnel section 10 is in fire, the person can open the cover 132 and can pass through the escape stairwell 133 to the lower evacuation passage 112.

Further, an emergency lighting lamp and an indication sign 134 are arranged on the side wall of the tunnel of the escape opening 131, and the indication sign 134 for opening the cover plate 132 is arranged on the top of the cover plate 132. By arranging the emergency lighting lamp and the indication sign 134, people can find the escape opening 131 quickly during evacuation.

As a specific example, the number of escape openings 131 is plural, the escape openings 131 are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the interval distance between two adjacent escape openings 131 is between 60m and 100 m. Preferably, the separation distance is set to 80m.

As a preferred embodiment, the lower evacuation channel 112 includes a personnel-specific channel 113 and a rescue vehicle-specific channel 114 arranged side by side; the personnel dedicated passage 113 and the rescue vehicle dedicated passage 114 are both in communication with the lower evacuation layer. People can reach the lower evacuation channel 112 through the escape stairway 133, and at this time, the person-dedicated channel 113 can be selected for walk evacuation or waiting for a rescue vehicle capable of running in the rescue vehicle-dedicated channel 114 according to actual needs.

Further, the escape stairwell 133 is provided with a pressurized air supply device (not shown), and the air supply direction of the pressurized air supply device is consistent with the extending direction of the shield tunnel segment 10. By providing a pressurized air supply device, such as a conventional tunnel fan, in the escape stairwell 133, pressurized air supply is performed, preferably, a residual pressure value of 30-50 Pa is ensured, so that the smoke does not spread into the lower evacuation channel 112.

Further, the indication mark on the cover plate 132 is a light warning mark, and by setting the light warning mark, personnel are prevented from being empty during accident.

For more fully understanding the technical solution of the present application, a fire condition is taken as an example, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a plan view, and for convenience of understanding, a middle dash-dot line is taken as a dividing line, a right part of the drawing is defined as a part a, and a left part is defined as a part B, where the shield well unit 12 includes an a shield well 300 and a B shield well 310, the a shield well 300 includes an a upper driving layer (not labeled) and an a lower evacuation layer (not labeled), the B shield well 310 includes a B upper driving layer (not labeled) and a B lower evacuation layer (not labeled), the shield tunnel unit 11 includes an a shield tunnel unit 400 and a B shield tunnel unit 410, the traveling directions of the a shield tunnel unit 400 and the B shield tunnel unit 410 are opposite, the a shield tunnel unit 400 includes an a upper traveling passage (not shown) and an a lower evacuation passage (not shown), the B shield tunnel unit 410 includes a B upper traveling passage (not shown) and a B lower evacuation passage (not shown), the engagement ramp 22 at the a portion is an a engagement ramp 500, the engagement ramp 22 at the B portion is a B engagement ramp 510, the vehicle transverse passage 213 at the a portion is an a vehicle transverse passage 600, and the vehicle transverse passage 213 at the B portion is a B vehicle transverse passage 610.

Assuming now that a fire accident occurs on the upper a driving channel of the a shield tunnel unit 400, at a side close to the a shield well 300, the organization scheme of the present application is: the fire-fighting rescue vehicle can enter the corresponding travelling lane unit 21 from the tunnel opening near the fire end, and can travel into the A lower evacuation layer of the A shield well 300 through the A connection ramp 500 by the A transverse travelling lane 600 and then travel to the A lower evacuation lane of the A shield tunnel unit 400 where the fire accident is located for rescue.

Also based on the above fire condition example, since the shield well unit 12 further includes a fire-fighting stairwell, after the fire-fighting rescue vehicle receives the evacuated personnel to the B lower evacuation layer of the B shield well 310, the rescue vehicle can directly evacuate to the ground safety area outside the tunnel through the first roadway 211 or the second roadway 212 corresponding to the driving direction requirement by selecting to directly connect the ramp 510 and the B roadway cross channel 610 through the rescue vehicle, or evacuate to the ground safety area of the B upper driving layer through the fire-fighting stairwell of the B shield well 310 by personnel, at this time, the fire-fighting rescue vehicle can evacuate to the next wave rescue through the B lower evacuation layer through the B lower evacuation channel, thereby improving the rescue speed and fully grasping the rescue golden time.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.

Claims (10)

1. The firefighting rescue structure of the extra-long submarine tunnel is characterized by comprising a shield tunnel section and two open-cut tunnel sections which are oppositely arranged at two ends of the shield tunnel section; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the shield tunnel sections comprise shield tunnel units and shield well units, the shield well units are arranged between the corresponding open cut tunnel sections and the shield tunnel units, the shield tunnel units comprise upper driving channels and lower evacuation channels, and the shield well units comprise upper driving layers and lower evacuation layers; wherein, both ends of the upper driving layer are respectively communicated with the open cut tunnel section and the upper driving channel; the lower evacuation layer is communicated with the lower evacuation channel; the upper driving channel is communicated with the lower evacuation channel through a communication unit;

each open cut tunnel section comprises a traffic lane unit and a linking ramp extending longitudinally along the tunnel; the high-order end of the linking ramp is communicated with the traffic lane unit, the low-order end of the linking ramp is communicated with the lower evacuation layer, and the traffic lane unit is communicated with the upper traffic layer.

2. The extra-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 1, wherein the roadway unit comprises a first roadway, a second roadway, and a lateral roadway; the first roadway and the second roadway are opposite in driving direction, and the first roadway is communicated with the second roadway through the transverse roadway; the linking ramp is arranged between the first roadway and the second roadway, the high-position end of the linking ramp is communicated with the transverse roadway, and the low-position end of the linking ramp is communicated with the lower evacuation layer.

3. The extra-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 2, wherein the number of the shield tunnel units is two, the driving directions of the two shield tunnel units are opposite, and lower evacuation layers of the two shield tunnel units are communicated through the lower evacuation layers of the shield well units.

4. The extra-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 1, wherein the shield well unit further comprises a fire stairwell, a lower end of the fire stairwell being in communication with the lower evacuation layer, and an upper end of the fire stairwell being in communication with the upper driving layer.

5. The very-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit comprises an escape opening, a cover plate covering the top of the escape opening, and an escape stairwell provided in the lower evacuation passage; the escape opening is communicated with the upper driving channel and the escape stairway, and the escape stairway is communicated with the lower evacuation channel through a fireproof door.

6. The extra-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 5, wherein an emergency lighting lamp and an indication mark are arranged on the tunnel side wall of the escape opening, and the indication mark for opening the cover plate is arranged on the top of the cover plate.

7. The extra-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 5, wherein the number of escape openings is plural, the escape openings are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the interval distance between two adjacent escape openings is 60-100 m.

8. The extra-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 1, wherein the lower evacuation channels include personnel-specific channels and rescue vehicle-specific channels arranged side by side; the personnel-dedicated channel and the rescue vehicle-dedicated channel are both communicated with the lower evacuation layer.

9. The extra-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 5, wherein the escape stairwell is provided with a pressurized air supply device, and the air supply direction of the pressurized air supply device is consistent with the extending direction of the shield tunnel section.

10. The extra-long submarine tunnel fire rescue structure according to claim 6, wherein the indication mark on the cover plate is a light warning mark.

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