CN219017854U - Battery box, battery pack and electric automobile with explosion-proof function - Google Patents

Battery box, battery pack and electric automobile with explosion-proof function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219017854U
CN219017854U CN202123455509.XU CN202123455509U CN219017854U CN 219017854 U CN219017854 U CN 219017854U CN 202123455509 U CN202123455509 U CN 202123455509U CN 219017854 U CN219017854 U CN 219017854U
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explosion
box
battery
battery box
composite material
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CN202123455509.XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张建平
黄春华
于新瑞
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Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
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Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/282—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Or Junction Boxes (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery box with an explosion-proof function, a battery pack and an electric automobile, wherein the battery box comprises a box body component and a heat preservation piece, the box body component is provided with a box shell and an explosion-proof valve, the box shell is provided with an exhaust hole, and the explosion-proof valve is arranged at the exhaust hole of the box shell; the heat preservation piece is arranged on the inner side of the case shell and at least surrounds the exhaust hole, and the heat preservation piece is provided with a ventilation part for guiding gas in the case shell to act on the explosion-proof valve. The heat preservation piece is arranged at the position of the explosion-proof valve of the battery box, so that heat conducted to the outside from the explosion-proof valve can be reduced, and the heat preservation effect of the battery box is improved; the ventilation part is arranged, so that high-pressure gas in the inner space can act on the explosion-proof valve through the ventilation part when the air pressure in the inner space of the battery box is increased, and the normal operation of the explosion-proof valve is ensured; the heat preservation piece is arranged in the box shell, the exterior of the battery box is not raised, the battery box with a special shape is not required to be additionally designed to adapt to the heat preservation piece, and the applicability of the heat preservation piece to the box shell of the battery box is wider.

Description

Battery box, battery pack and electric automobile with explosion-proof function
The present application claims priority from chinese patent application 202111567173.8, whose application date is 2021, 12, 20. The present application refers to the entirety of the above-mentioned chinese patent application.
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of battery boxes, in particular to a battery box with an explosion-proof valve heat preservation structure, a battery pack and an electric automobile.
Background
In the existing new energy automobile industry, a battery box is used as a box body for accommodating components such as a power battery core and the like, is a key component of an electric automobile, and is very important in safety, reliability and durability. Most of the battery boxes at present adopt a fully-closed assembly process, a large amount of chemical substances are filled in the battery cells of the power battery, a large amount of mixed gas and liquid can be generated in the charging and discharging process, and the pressure is accumulated continuously. If these pressures are not balanced or released in time, the battery case will deform and even explode.
In the prior art, the pressure inside and outside the battery box is balanced by arranging an explosion-proof valve, and when the gas in the battery box reaches the critical value of an explosion-proof point, the explosion-proof valve can be rapidly communicated with the outside, and the explosion is rapidly released to realize explosion prevention; when the pressure in the box body is smaller than the bursting pressure value, the mechanism for pressure relief is quickly reset, and the product can be continuously used.
In order to ensure reliable operation of the explosion-proof valve, in general, an explosion-proof valve main body mounted on the battery box is made of a metal material, however, the explosion-proof valve made of the metal material has poor heat insulation performance and is easy to be a weak point causing poor heat insulation effect of the battery box, and because the shell material of the battery box of the electric automobile on the market at present basically adopts the metal material, the shell material has the problem of poor heat insulation performance, and the heat insulation of the explosion-proof valve at present is not valued by the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a battery box, a battery pack and an electric automobile with an explosion-proof function, which reduce the heat preservation defects of a heat preservation battery box made of a nonmetallic composite material at an explosion-proof valve and improve the heat preservation performance of the nonmetallic battery box.
The utility model solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a battery box with an explosion-proof function, which comprises a box body assembly and a heat preservation piece, wherein the box body assembly is provided with a box shell and an explosion-proof valve, the box shell is provided with an exhaust hole, and the explosion-proof valve is arranged at the exhaust hole of the box shell; the heat preservation piece set up in the inboard of case, and at least encirclement the exhaust hole, the heat preservation piece is equipped with and is used for guiding the inside gas of case acts on the ventilation portion of explosion-proof valve.
In the technical scheme, the heat preservation piece is arranged at the position of the exhaust hole of the case shell of the battery case (namely the position of the explosion-proof valve), so that heat conducted to the outside from the explosion-proof valve can be reduced, the heat preservation effect of the battery case is improved, and the effect of protecting battery units in the battery case is achieved; the ventilation part is arranged, so that high-pressure gas in the inner space can act on the explosion-proof valve through the ventilation part when the air pressure in the inner space of the battery box is increased, and the normal operation of the explosion-proof valve is ensured; the heat preservation piece is arranged in the box shell, the exterior of the battery box is not raised, the battery box with a special shape is not required to be additionally designed to adapt to the heat preservation piece, and the applicability of the heat preservation piece to the box shell of the battery box is wider.
Preferably, the heat-insulating member is provided with a cavity with an opening, the heat-insulating member encloses the exhaust hole in the cavity through the opening, and the cavity is communicated with the inner space of the case through the ventilation part.
In the technical scheme, the cavity of the heat preservation piece surrounds the exhaust hole, and the cavity of the heat preservation piece is communicated with the inner space of the battery box only through the ventilation part; when the explosion-proof valve does not work (namely, when the battery box is in an airtight state), gas in the cavity of the heat preservation piece hardly flows with the inner space of the battery box; the explosion-proof valve is surrounded to the air in the cavity of heat preservation spare, because the air in the cavity of heat preservation spare does not circulate mutually with the inner space of battery box, and the heat of inner space is conducted to outside from the explosion-proof valve to the air in the cavity of heat preservation spare can effectively be slowed down, promotes the heat preservation effect of battery box.
Preferably, the opening is matched with the vent hole.
In this technical scheme, through above-mentioned setting, the opening of heat preservation spare sets up with the exhaust hole relatively, when making the heat preservation spare can surround the exhaust hole completely, can also make the internal volume of the cavity of heat preservation spare the biggest, makes the cavity of heat preservation spare can store more air.
Preferably, the opening and the ventilation part are arranged at two ends of the cavity opposite to each other, the ventilation part faces the exhaust hole, and the area of the ventilation part is smaller than that of the exhaust hole.
In this technical scheme, opening and the portion of ventilating that sets up relatively form a smooth and easy air current passageway, can guarantee explosion-proof valve pressure release air current's unobstructed, avoid explosion-proof valve inefficacy. In addition, when the air pressure of the inner space of the battery box is increased, the ventilation part can guide high-pressure air flow to positively face the exhaust hole, so that the high-pressure air acts on the explosion-proof valve from the optimal direction, and the failure and even damage of the explosion-proof valve caused by the impact of the suddenly-increased high-pressure air from the side are avoided.
Preferably, the explosion-proof valve is provided with a piston reset component which extends into the inner side of the case through the exhaust hole, the piston reset component is provided with a guide rod with a ventilation channel, the guide rod is arranged opposite to the ventilation part, the cavity surrounds the piston reset component, and the area of the ventilation part is larger than the cross-sectional area of the ventilation channel and smaller than the area of the guide rod opposite to one end of the ventilation part.
In this technical scheme, because the area of portion of ventilating is greater than the cross-sectional area of ventilation passageway, set up behind the heat preservation spare to can not influence the air that gets into ventilation passageway, can not influence the sensitivity of explosion-proof valve. And the area of the ventilation part is smaller than the area of the guide rod opposite to one end of the ventilation part, so that clearance fit is formed between one end of the guide rod opposite to the ventilation part and the ventilation part, air convection is weakened, when the battery pack is normally used, gas exchange between the inside of the battery box and the cavity of the heat preservation piece is reduced, and the heat preservation effect is improved.
Preferably, the ventilation portion comprises a ventilation aperture, a two-dimensional porous ventilation structure or a three-dimensional porous ventilation structure.
In the technical scheme, when the ventilation part adopts a single-hole ventilation hole, the mechanism is simple, and the ventilation effect is good; when the ventilation part adopts a two-dimensional porous ventilation structure, for example, the ventilation part can be a net-shaped ventilation structure, and the structure can improve the heat preservation effect; when the ventilation part adopts a three-dimensional porous ventilation structure, fluffy porous heat insulation materials can be filled in the ventilation holes of the single holes, so that the heat insulation effect is further improved.
Preferably, the explosion-proof valve is fixed on the case through a connecting piece exposed inside the case, and the heat-insulating piece is provided with a avoiding cavity covering the connecting piece.
In the technical scheme, through the structural design of the avoidance cavity, the heat preservation of the explosion-proof valve and the connecting piece is skillfully realized; compared with the method that the connecting piece is surrounded by directly using the cavity of the heat-insulating piece, the avoidance cavity isolates the connecting piece from the cavity, so that the heat-insulating performance is better; and the wall thickness of the cavity of the heat-insulating part can be increased under the condition of limited volume, so that the heat-insulating effect of the heat-insulating part is further improved.
Preferably, the heat preservation piece is fixedly connected with the box body in an adhesive or welding mode.
In this technical scheme, bonding or welded fixed mode makes heat preservation spare and box shell fixed more firm, and heat preservation performance is better moreover.
Preferably, the case includes an upper case at an upper portion, and the explosion-proof valve is disposed on the upper case.
In this technical scheme, set up explosion-proof valve in last case shell, not only avoided the intensity decline that operation such as trompil to main atress part led to, can dodge content such as battery cell moreover, effectively utilized battery case inner space.
Preferably, the explosion-proof valve is disposed on a side surface of the upper case.
In this technical scheme, set up the side at last case shell with the explosion-proof valve, release to battery case one side through the explosion-proof valve with the high-pressure gas in the battery case when the pressure release, avoid high-pressure gas direct impact vehicle chassis, influence vehicle and personnel safety.
Preferably, the box assembly further comprises a heat insulation structure arranged on the inner side of the upper box shell, and the heat insulation structure is provided with an avoidance hole for avoiding the heat insulation piece.
In the technical scheme, the heat preservation structure is beneficial to heat preservation of the case shell, and particularly, the adaptability of the battery case to cold areas can be improved; the avoidance holes are formed, so that the interference of the heat insulation structure to the explosion-proof valve is avoided, and the explosion-proof valve is convenient to install.
Preferably, the heat preservation piece is attached to the avoidance hole.
In this technical scheme, in order to guarantee the heat preservation effect of battery box, laminating mutually between heat preservation piece and the hole of dodging has guaranteed heat preservation piece, dodging the sealed effect between the hole.
Preferably, the heat insulation structure comprises a light flexible heat insulation layer attached to the inner side surface of the case shell and a protective thin layer covering the light flexible heat insulation layer, the avoidance holes at least penetrate through the light flexible heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation piece is attached to the avoidance holes through interference fit.
In this technical scheme, through laminating mutually between the heat preservation piece and dodging the hole, promoted the heat preservation effect of heat preservation piece, under the condition that heat preservation structure had the flexible heat preservation of light, adopt interference fit's laminating form, heat preservation performance is better.
Preferably, the avoidance hole penetrates through the light flexible heat insulation layer, and the protection thin layer covers the heat insulation part and is provided with a notch matched with the ventilation part.
In the technical scheme, the heat-insulating piece is covered by the protective thin layer, so that the heat-insulating piece has better heat-insulating effect; the notch ensures that the ventilation part can be communicated with the inner space of the battery box.
Preferably, the light flexible insulation layer comprises a polymer foaming material layer or an aerogel felt layer; and/or the protective layer comprises a fire protection cloth layer or a metal foil layer.
In the technical scheme, the light flexible heat-insulating layer is manufactured by adopting the flexible light heat-insulating materials, and the heat-insulating materials have certain deformability, can adapt to micro deformation of the box shell in the use process, and avoid the separation of the heat-insulating structure and the box shell or the cracking of the heat-insulating structure; the use of the protective thin layer can not only play a certain role in fire prevention, but also play a certain role in heat preservation.
Preferably, the case is made of a nonmetallic composite material; preferably the non-metallic composite material comprises a fibre reinforced resin based composite material; it is further preferred that the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material comprises a glass fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a carbon fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a resin fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a ceramic fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material.
The nonmetallic composite material can be fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, can also be other polymer composite materials with light weight, certain strength and high temperature performance, preferably the nonmetallic composite material is fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, has better strength and heat preservation performance, and is convenient to process and form. The nonmetallic composite material is further preferably a glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, and further preferably the nonmetallic composite material is SMC (Sheet molding compound), also called as a sheet molding compound, and is a polymer composite material, and the main raw materials comprise SMC special yarns, unsaturated resin, low-shrinkage additives, fillers and various auxiliary agents. The metal box is molded by high-temperature one-step compression molding, has the advantages of high mechanical strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, long service life, high insulating strength, arc resistance, flame retardance, good sealing performance, flexible product design, easy mass production, safety and attractive appearance, has all-weather protection function, and overcomes the defects of easy corrosion, short service life, poor heat insulation and heat preservation performance and the like of a metal box body.
In the technical scheme, the box shell made of the nonmetallic composite material is molded at one time, so that the processing precision is high, the heat preservation performance is good, the flame retardance is good, and the molding structure is high; the heat insulation of the composite material can reduce the influence of the ambient temperature on the temperature inside the battery box, effectively solve the problem of condensation in the battery box, and effectively avoid the safety risks such as insulation failure and the like caused by the condensation water; the corrosion resistance of the battery box can be improved by the box body made of the composite material, and the service life of the battery box is prolonged.
Preferably, the thermal insulation member is made of a non-metal composite material, preferably the non-metal composite material comprises a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material or a mixed material of the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material and aerogel; it is further preferred that the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material comprises a glass fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a carbon fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a resin fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a ceramic fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material.
Preferably, the heat insulating member is made of the same nonmetallic composite material as the case.
In the technical scheme, the heat-insulating part made of the nonmetallic composite material is molded at one time, and has high processing precision, good heat insulation, good flame retardance and high molding structure; the heat insulation of the composite material can reduce the influence of the ambient temperature on the temperature inside the battery box.
The utility model further provides a battery pack, which comprises the battery box.
In the technical scheme, when the battery pack is formed by using the battery box, the battery unit and the electric element are enclosed in the box; the explosion-proof valve is arranged, so that the air permeation, pressure relief and explosion prevention can be realized rapidly, and the problem of self-explosion of the battery of the electric automobile is solved. And the heat preservation piece of explosion-proof valve is covered, the heat preservation problem of explosion-proof valve has been solved.
The utility model also provides an electric automobile, which comprises the battery pack.
Through installing suitable quick change unit or battery package fixed unit for battery package can be used to quick change electric automobile (battery package detachably connects in the automobile body, can carry out quick car electricity separation), rechargeable electric automobile (battery package is fixed in the automobile body to charge on the automobile body as main energy filling means), have electric automobile of type such as quick change and function of charging concurrently.
The battery pack fixing unit is used for being fixedly connected with the electric automobile. Other quick-change units include, but are not limited to: electrical/liquid cooled connectors, locking mechanisms (battery pack ends), etc. The electric/liquid cooling connector comprises an electric connector and/or a liquid cooling connector, wherein the electric connector is used for being electrically connected with an electric automobile, and the liquid cooling connector is mainly used for being used as an interface connected with the electric automobile by a liquid cooling mechanism under the condition that the liquid cooling mechanism is used in the battery pack, so that the battery pack is cooled, and the safety is improved. The lock mechanism (battery pack end) includes a screw lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a plurality of bolts), a lock pin lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a lock pin lock manner), a rotation lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a rotation lock manner), a flip lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a flip lock manner), a push lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a push lock manner), a staggered lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a staggered lock manner), a latch lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a latch lock manner), a push-pull lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a push-pull lock manner), and the like. The securing unit includes a bolt-on locking mechanism or other type of fixedly attached mechanism (including but not limited to mechanical, electrical, or magnetic, etc.), and the like.
In the technical scheme, when the battery pack is applied to the electric automobile, the problem of self-explosion of the battery of the electric automobile is solved, and meanwhile, the heat insulation performance of the battery pack can be guaranteed.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the utility model.
The utility model has the positive progress effects that:
according to the battery box with the explosion-proof function, the battery pack and the electric automobile, the heat preservation piece is arranged at the position of the exhaust hole of the box shell of the battery box (namely the position of the explosion-proof valve), so that heat conducted to the outside from the explosion-proof valve can be reduced, the heat preservation effect of the battery box is improved, and the effect of protecting battery units in the battery box is achieved; the ventilation part is arranged, so that high-pressure gas in the inner space can act on the explosion-proof valve through the ventilation part when the air pressure in the inner space of the battery box is increased, and the normal operation of the explosion-proof valve is ensured; the heat preservation piece is arranged in the box shell, the exterior of the battery box is not raised, the battery box with a special shape is not required to be additionally designed to adapt to the heat preservation piece, and the applicability of the heat preservation piece to the box shell of the battery box is wider.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery box with an explosion-proof function according to a first embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the battery box shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an internal structural view of the battery case shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a thermal insulation member of the battery box shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the hidden heat insulating member inside the battery box shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an explosion-proof valve of the battery box shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the explosion valve shown in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is an internal structure diagram of a battery pack according to a first embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 9 is a partial schematic view of a battery box with explosion-proof function according to a second embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower case of the battery case of the test example of the present utility model.
Description of the reference numerals
Battery box 100
Case 1
Exhaust hole 11
Upper casing 12
Lower box 13
Inner housing 131
Outer casing 132
Reinforcing rib 133
Turnup 134
Reinforcing structure 135
Recess 136
Explosion-proof valve 2
Piston return assembly 21
Ventilation channel 22
Guide rod 23
Fixing base 24
Compression spring 25
Middle through hole 26
Sealing plate 27
Thermal insulation piece 3
Ventilation part 31
Cavity 32
Opening 33
Avoidance chamber 34
The inner space 4
Connecting piece 5
Thermal insulation structure 6
Avoidance hole 61
Light flexible thermal insulation layer 62
Protective sheet 63
Notch 64
Battery cell 200
Electrical component 300
Detailed Description
The utility model is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
Example 1
Fig. 1 to 2 show a battery case 100 with an explosion-proof function, the battery case 100 includes a case assembly having a case 1 and an explosion-proof valve 2, an exhaust hole 11 is provided in the case 1, and the explosion-proof valve 2 is provided at the exhaust hole 11 on the case 1. The case 1 has an internal space 4 for accommodating the battery cell 200 and the electric element 300, and the explosion-proof valve 2 communicates with the internal space 4 of the battery case 100. When the pressure in the inner space 4 of the battery box 100 is too high, the explosion-proof valve 2 can rapidly release pressure after receiving the pressure, so that the inner space 4 of the battery box 100 can be communicated with the outside. By arranging the explosion-proof valve 2, when the gas in the battery box 100 reaches the explosion-proof point critical value, the explosion-proof valve 2 can be quickly communicated with the outside, and explosion prevention can be realized through quick pressure relief; when the pressure of the inner space 4 of the battery case 100 is restored, the explosion-proof valve 2 for pressure relief is quickly reset, and the battery case 100 can be continuously used.
The battery box 100 can be quickly ventilated, depressurized and explosion-proof by arranging the explosion-proof valve 2, so that the problem of self-explosion of the battery of the electric automobile is solved, but the explosion-proof valve 2 is usually made of metal. Accordingly, the explosion-proof valve 2 is liable to be a heat-insulating weak point of the battery case 100. In order to solve the heat preservation problem of the explosion-proof valve 2, the battery box 100 further comprises a heat preservation member 3, wherein the heat preservation member 3 is arranged on the inner side of the box shell 1 and surrounds the exhaust hole 11, and the heat preservation member 3 is provided with a ventilation part 31 for guiding the gas in the box shell 1 to act on the explosion-proof valve 2.
The heat preservation member 3 is arranged at the position of the exhaust hole 11 of the case shell 1 of the battery case 100 (namely, the position of the explosion-proof valve 2), so that heat conducted to the outside from the explosion-proof valve 2 can be reduced, the heat preservation effect of the battery case is improved, and the effect of protecting the battery unit 200 in the battery case is achieved; the ventilation part 31 can enable the high-pressure gas in the inner space 4 to act on the explosion-proof valve 2 through the ventilation part 31 when the air pressure in the inner space 4 of the battery box 100 is increased, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the explosion-proof valve 2. And, the heat preservation piece 3 can not lead to the outside arch of battery box in the inside of case 1, also does not need the battery box of extra design special shape to adapt to heat preservation piece 3, and is wider to the suitability of case 1 of battery box.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the heat insulating member 3 is provided with a cavity 32 having an opening 33, the heat insulating member 3 encloses the exhaust hole 11 in the cavity 32 through the opening 33, and the cavity 32 communicates with the internal space 4 of the battery case 100 through the ventilation portion 31.
The cavity 32 of the heat insulating member 3 surrounds the exhaust hole 11, and the cavity 32 of the heat insulating member 3 communicates with the internal space 4 of the battery case 100 only through the ventilation portion 31. When the explosion-proof valve 2 is not in operation (i.e., the battery box 100 is in an airtight state), the gas in the cavity 32 of the heat insulating member 3 hardly flows through the inner space 4 of the battery box 100; the explosion-proof valve 2 is surrounded to the air in the cavity 32 of heat preservation spare 3, because the air in the cavity 32 of heat preservation spare 3 does not circulate with the inner space 4 of battery box 100, and the air that gathers in the cavity 32 of heat preservation spare 3 is as the hot bad conductor, can effectively slow down the heat conduction of inner space 4 to outside from explosion-proof valve 2, promotes the heat preservation effect of battery box 100.
To ensure that the insulating member 3 effectively surrounds the vent hole 11, the opening 33 of the cavity 32 of the insulating member 3 is matched with the vent hole 11. Through the arrangement, the opening 33 of the heat preservation member 3 is opposite to the exhaust hole 11, so that the heat preservation member 3 can completely surround the exhaust hole 11, and meanwhile, the volume of the heat preservation member is reduced as much as possible.
The opening 33 of the heat insulating member 3 is disposed opposite to the ventilation portion 31 at two ends of the cavity 32, the ventilation portion 31 faces the exhaust hole 11, and the area of the ventilation portion 31 is smaller than the area of the exhaust hole 11. The opening 33 and the ventilation part 31 which are oppositely arranged form a smooth airflow channel, so that the smoothness of the pressure release airflow of the explosion-proof valve 2 can be ensured, and the failure of the explosion-proof valve 2 is avoided. In addition, when the air pressure of the inner space 4 of the battery case 100 increases, the ventilation part 31 can guide the high pressure air flow to face the exhaust hole 11, thereby acting on the explosion-proof valve 2 from the optimal direction, and preventing the explosion-proof valve 2 from being failed or even damaged due to the impact of the suddenly increased high pressure air from the side.
In other embodiments, the insulating member 3 may not completely surround the explosion-proof valve 2, and the insulating member 3 may be designed according to the requirements of the functional structure of the explosion-proof valve 2 and the setting requirements of the internal structure of the case 1.
In the present embodiment, the structure of the explosion-proof valve 2 is shown in fig. 2, 6 to 7. The explosion-proof valve 2 is provided with a piston resetting assembly 21 which extends into the inner side of the case 1 through the exhaust hole 11, the piston resetting assembly 21 is provided with a guide rod 23 with a vent passage 22, the guide rod 23 is arranged opposite to a vent part 31, a cavity 32 surrounds the piston resetting assembly 21, and the area of the vent part 31 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the vent passage 22 and smaller than the area of one end of the guide rod 23 opposite to the vent part 31.
Since the area of the ventilation portion 31 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the ventilation passage 22, the air entering the ventilation passage 22 is not affected after the heat insulating member 3 is provided, and the sensitivity of the explosion-proof valve 2 is not affected. And the area of the ventilation part 31 is smaller than the area of the guide rod 23 opposite to one end of the ventilation part 31, so that clearance fit is formed between one end of the guide rod 23 opposite to the ventilation part 31 and the ventilation part 31, air convection is weakened, when the battery pack is used normally, gas exchange between the inside of the battery box and the cavity 32 of the heat preservation piece 3 is reduced, and the heat preservation effect is improved.
In the present embodiment, the ventilation portion 31 is a ventilation hole. When the ventilation part 31 adopts a single-hole ventilation hole, the mechanism is simple, and the ventilation effect is good. In other embodiments, the vent 31 may be a two-dimensional porous vent structure or a three-dimensional porous vent structure. When the ventilation portion 31 has a two-dimensional porous ventilation structure, for example, a mesh ventilation structure is used, and this structure can enhance the heat insulation effect. In addition, when the ventilation part 31 adopts a three-dimensional porous ventilation structure, a fluffy porous heat-insulating material can be filled in the ventilation hole with a single hole, so that the heat-insulating effect is further improved.
As shown in fig. 2, 6 to 7, the explosion-proof valve 2 further comprises a fixing seat 24 and a compression spring 25, the fixing seat 24 is in sealing fit with the outer surface of the case 1, and a middle through hole 26 for the guide rod 23 to pass through is arranged in the middle of the fixing seat 24. The piston resetting assembly 21 further comprises a sealing plate 27 positioned outside the fixed seat 24, the sealing plate 27 is in sealing fit with the fixed seat 24, the guide rod 23 is fixed with the sealing plate 27, and the guide rod 23 penetrates through a middle through hole 26 of the fixed seat 24. The compression spring 25 is sleeved on the guide rod 23; one end of the compression spring 25 abuts against the fixed seat 24, and the other end abuts against the end of the guide rod 23. When the pressure in the internal space 4 of the battery case 100 is too high, the high-pressure air passes through the ventilation portion 31 and then acts on the guide rod 23, and the guide rod 23 moves outside the case 1 after being pressurized, so that a gap is formed between the sealing plate 27 and the fixing seat 24, and the high-pressure air is discharged from the gap. When the air pressure in the internal space 4 of the battery box 100 is reduced to a normal value, the guide rod 23 is reset under the action of the compression spring 25, and the sealing plate 27 and the fixing seat 24 are in sealing fit again.
Any of the explosion-proof valves of the prior art may be used for the battery case 100 in addition to the explosion-proof valve 2 disclosed in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the explosion-proof valve 2 is fixed to the case 1 by a connection member 5 exposed to a side of the case 1 facing the inner space 4, and the heat insulating member 3 has a relief chamber 34 covering the connection member 5.
Through the structural design of the avoidance cavity 34, the heat preservation of the explosion-proof valve 2 and the connecting piece 5 is skillfully realized. Compared with the method that the connecting piece 5 is surrounded by directly using the cavity 32 of the heat preservation piece 3, the avoidance cavity 34 isolates the connecting piece 5 from the cavity 32, and the heat preservation performance is better. And can realize the increase of the cavity wall thickness of heat preservation spare 3 under the limited circumstances of volume, further promote the heat preservation effect of heat preservation spare 3.
In this embodiment, the heat insulating member 3 is fixedly connected to the case 1 by bonding or welding. The fixing mode of bonding or welding ensures that the heat preservation piece 3 and the box shell 1 are fixed more firmly, and the heat preservation performance is better.
As shown in fig. 1, the case 1 includes an upper case 12 at an upper portion and a lower case 13 at a lower portion, and the upper case 12 is covered on the lower case 13 to form the case 1. In the present embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 2 is provided on the upper case 12. The case 1 of the battery case 100 adopts a vertically split structure, so that the arrangement of the battery case contents such as battery cells in the battery case 100 is facilitated. In this case structure, the lower case 13 is generally used as a main stress member for carrying the contents. The explosion-proof valve 2 is arranged on the upper case 12, so that not only is the strength reduction caused by the operation such as the opening of a main stress part avoided, but also the contents such as a battery unit and the like can be avoided, and the internal space of the battery case is effectively utilized. More preferably, the explosion proof valve 2 is provided on the side of the upper case 12. The explosion-proof valve 2 is arranged on the side face of the upper case 12, and high-pressure gas in the battery case is released to one side of the battery case 100 through the explosion-proof valve 2 during pressure relief, so that the high-pressure gas is prevented from directly impacting the chassis of the automobile to influence the safety of vehicles and personnel.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the case assembly further includes a heat insulation structure 6 provided inside the upper case 12, and the heat insulation structure 6 is provided with a avoiding hole 61 for avoiding the heat insulation member 3. The arrangement of the heat preservation structure 6 is beneficial to heat preservation of the case 1, and particularly can promote adaptability of the battery case to cold areas. The arrangement of the avoidance holes 61 avoids the interference of the heat insulation structure 6 to the explosion-proof valve 2, and is convenient for the installation of the explosion-proof valve 2. In order to ensure the heat preservation effect of the battery box 100, the heat preservation piece 3 is attached to the avoidance holes 61, so that the sealing effect between the heat preservation piece 3 and the avoidance holes 61 is ensured, and heat preservation is more facilitated. In this embodiment, the insulation structure includes a light flexible insulation layer 62 disposed on the inner side of the case 1, and a protective thin layer 63 covering the light flexible insulation layer 62.
In the present embodiment, the case 1 is made of a nonmetallic composite material; preferably, the nonmetallic composite comprises a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite; it is further preferred that the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material comprises a glass fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a carbon fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a resin fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a ceramic fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material.
The insulation member 3 is also made of a nonmetallic composite material, preferably, the nonmetallic composite material comprises a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material or a mixed material of the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material and aerogel; it is further preferred that the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material comprises a glass fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a carbon fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a resin fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and/or a ceramic fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material.
The case shell 1 and the heat preservation piece 3 which are made of the nonmetallic composite material are molded at one time, so that the processing precision is high, the heat preservation performance is good, the flame retardance is good, and the molding structure is high; the heat insulation of the composite material can reduce the influence of the ambient temperature on the temperature inside the battery box, effectively solve the problem of condensation in the battery box, and effectively avoid the safety risks such as insulation failure and the like caused by the condensation water; the composite material can also improve the corrosion resistance of the battery box and the service life of the battery box.
In this embodiment, the nonmetallic composite material is SMC (Sheet molding compound), also called as sheet molding compound, and is a polymer composite material, and the main raw materials comprise special SMC yarns, unsaturated resins, low shrinkage additives, fillers and various auxiliary agents. The metal box is molded by high-temperature one-step compression molding, has the advantages of high mechanical strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, long service life, high insulating strength, arc resistance, flame retardance, good sealing performance, flexible product design, easy mass production, safety and attractive appearance, has all-weather protection function, and overcomes the defects of easy corrosion, short service life, poor heat insulation and heat preservation performance and the like of a metal box body. In other embodiments, other light-weight polymer composite materials with certain strength and high-temperature performance can be adopted
As shown in fig. 8, when the battery pack is formed using the battery box described above, the battery unit 200 and the electric element 300 are enclosed in the case 1. The explosion-proof valve 2 is arranged, so that the air can be quickly ventilated, the pressure is relieved, the explosion is prevented, and the problem of self-explosion of the battery of the electric automobile is solved. And the heat preservation piece 3 covering the explosion-proof valve 2 solves the heat preservation problem of the explosion-proof valve 2. When the battery pack is applied to an electric automobile, the problem of self-explosion of the battery of the electric automobile is solved, and meanwhile, the heat insulation performance of the battery pack can be guaranteed.
Through installing suitable quick change unit or battery package fixed unit for battery package can be used to quick change electric automobile (battery package detachably connects in the automobile body, can carry out quick car electricity separation), rechargeable electric automobile (battery package is fixed in the automobile body to charge on the automobile body as main energy filling means), have electric automobile of type such as quick change and function of charging concurrently.
The quick-change unit is used for being detachably connected with the electric automobile, and the battery pack fixing unit is used for being fixedly connected with the electric automobile. Other quick-change units include, but are not limited to: electrical/liquid cooled connectors, locking mechanisms (battery pack ends), etc. The electric/liquid cooling connector comprises an electric connector and/or a liquid cooling connector, wherein the electric connector is used for being electrically connected with an electric automobile, and the liquid cooling connector is mainly used for being used as an interface connected with the electric automobile by a liquid cooling mechanism under the condition that the liquid cooling mechanism is used in the battery pack, so that the battery pack is cooled, and the safety is improved. The lock mechanism (battery pack end) includes a screw lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a plurality of bolts), a lock pin lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a lock pin lock manner), a rotation lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a rotation lock manner), a flip lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a flip lock manner), a push lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a push lock manner), a staggered lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a staggered lock manner), a latch lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a latch lock manner), a push-pull lock mechanism (lock mechanism for fixing the battery box to the vehicle body by a push-pull lock manner), and the like. The securing unit includes a bolt-on locking mechanism or other type of fixedly attached mechanism (including but not limited to mechanical, electrical, or magnetic, etc.), and the like.
Example two
Most of the structures of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, except for the heat-insulating structure.
As shown in fig. 9, the insulation structure 6 includes a light flexible insulation layer 62 attached to the inner side surface of the casing 1 and a protective thin layer 63 covering the light flexible insulation layer 62, where the avoidance hole 61 penetrates through the light flexible insulation layer 62, and the insulation member 3 is attached to the avoidance hole 61 through interference fit. Through laminating mutually between the heat preservation piece 3 and dodging the hole 61, promoted the heat preservation effect of heat preservation piece 3, under the circumstances that heat preservation structure 6 has the flexible heat preservation 62 of light, adopt interference fit's laminating form, heat preservation performance is better. The protective sheet 63 covers the heat insulating material 3, and has a notch 64 matching with the ventilation portion 31. By covering the heat insulating member 3 with the protective sheet 63, the heat insulating member 3 is provided with a better heat insulating effect; the notch 64 ensures that the ventilation portion 31 can communicate with the internal space 4 of the battery case 100.
Wherein the lightweight flexible insulation layer 62 may comprise a layer of polymeric foam material or an aerogel blanket; the protective sheet 63 may include a fire-retardant cloth layer or a metal foil layer. The light flexible heat-insulating layer 62 is made of flexible light heat-insulating materials, and the heat-insulating materials have certain deformability, can adapt to micro deformation of the case 1 in the use process, and avoid the heat-insulating structure 6 from being separated from the case 1 or causing cracking of the heat-insulating structure 6. The use of the protective layer 63 not only serves a fire protection function but also a thermal insulation function.
In this embodiment, the insulation layer 62 is made of aerogel felt, and the protection layer 63 is made of fireproof cloth. The case 1, the heat preservation layer 62 and the protection thin layer 63 are connected by structural adhesive.
Test examples
At present, a sheet metal battery pack (using mica sheets as heat insulation materials) is used for a certain quick-change electric automobile, and the weight of the battery pack is 371.5kg. A nonmetallic composite battery pack having the same dimensional specifications (outer dimensions and dimensions of the inner space of the battery case) as the sheet metal battery pack was prepared.
The battery pack made of metal plates and the battery pack made of nonmetallic composite materials are provided with a battery box formed by combining an upper box cover and a lower box body.
The upper case lid of nonmetal composite material battery case adopts and has the last case shell 12 in the first embodiment of the aforesaid to go up case shell 12 and adopt SMC material compression molding, light flexible heat preservation 62 adopts 5mm thick aerogel felt, and the material of protection thin layer 63 is fire prevention cloth, goes up between case shell 12 and the light flexible heat preservation 62 and goes up between case shell 12 and the protection thin layer 63 and all adopts the mode of structural adhesive bonding connection to connect, and sets up concave-convex structure in order to increase intensity on last case shell 12.
As shown in fig. 10, the lower case of the nonmetallic composite battery case has the following structure: the lower box 13 comprises an inner shell 131 and an outer shell 132, wherein the inner shell 131 and the outer shell 132 are made of SMC materials, reinforcing ribs 133 which are criss-cross and are connected with the inner shell 131 in a bonding manner are formed on the inner side surface (the surface facing the inner shell 131) of the outer shell 132, a cavity structure with the height of 5mm is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell through the reinforcing ribs 133, a flanging 134 buckled with the edge of the outer shell 132 is formed on the edge of the inner shell 131, a reinforcing structure 135 is formed by extending the side wall of the outer shell 132 outwards, and the reinforcing structure 135 is provided with a concave portion 136 (weight reduction). The hollow nonmetallic composite material lower box body of the cavity structure is marked as a nonmetallic composite material lower box body A, and the nonmetallic composite material lower box body of the aerogel felt matched with the cavity structure is marked as a nonmetallic composite material lower box body B.
The upper box cover made of the nonmetal composite material and the lower box body made of the nonmetal composite material are sealed in a U-shaped sealing mode, a concave part is arranged on the side face of the upper box cover and matched with a convex part arranged on the side face of the lower box body to form a buckle connection, and the upper box cover and the lower box cover are molded at one time to realize buckling of a buckle connection structure. And respectively loading the battery module and necessary electrical elements, and fixing the quick-change unit on the side wall of the lower box body through a connecting plate to form a non-metal composite battery pack A and a non-metal composite battery pack B.
And testing the nonmetallic composite battery pack A, the nonmetallic composite battery pack B and the sheet metal battery pack with the same size specification.
In the aspect of weight test, the mass of the nonmetallic composite material upper box cover is 12.8kg, and the mass of the sheet metal upper box cover (using mica sheets as heat insulation materials) with the same size specification is 10.4kg. Although the weight of the upper case cover is slightly increased compared with that of the upper case cover made of a metal plate material, the upper case cover is worth greatly improving the heat insulation performance compared with that of the upper case cover made of a non-metal composite material, and the upper case cover is further described below. In addition, the mass of the nonmetallic composite material lower box body B is 45kg, and the mass of the sheet metal material lower box body (using mica sheets as heat insulation materials) with the same size specification is 60.4kg. Compared with the lower box body made of sheet metal materials, the weight of the lower box body B made of nonmetallic composite materials is reduced by 25.5%. The weight of the nonmetal composite material battery box B is 57.8kg, the weight of the metal plate battery box is 70.772kg, and the nonmetal composite material battery box has obvious advantages in the aspect of overall weight. In terms of the total weight of the battery pack, the total weight of the non-metal composite battery pack A and the non-metal composite battery pack B is reduced by 2-3% compared with that of a battery pack made of sheet metal, and the weight advantage is obvious.
In the aspect of strength test, the nonmetallic composite lower box body A and the nonmetallic composite lower box body B and the nonmetallic composite upper box cover used for forming the nonmetallic composite battery box by combining the nonmetallic composite lower box body A and the nonmetallic composite lower box body B both meet the requirements of GB/T31467.3-2015 lithium ion power storage battery pack for electric automobile and the 3 rd part of the system: safety requirements and strength requirements specified in test methods (1.5 times of standard can be achieved in practical tests). Can be used for electric automobiles.
Thermal insulation performance and thermal insulation performance: the initial temperature in the package is 20-30 ℃, and the package is placed in an environment of 7-9 ℃ for 600min, the cumulative temperature change rate (cumulative cooling rate) of the cell monomers in the package of the non-metal composite battery package A is lower than 50% of that of the cell package of the metal plate material (the cell monomer temperature is measured by an optical fiber), and the cumulative temperature change rate of the cell monomers in the package of the non-metal composite battery package B is about 40% of that of the cell package of the metal plate material only. At lower temperature, this advantage is more obvious, uses in cold district in north, can guarantee that the temperature of electric core is in the better operating temperature. And through testing, the nonmetallic composite battery pack A and the nonmetallic composite battery pack B can resist 1000 ℃ high temperature, and in the test for simulating battery ignition, even if the battery is completely burnt, the nonmetallic composite box body basically keeps intact in the whole test process, and only smoke is generated without open flame.
The battery cells of the non-metal composite battery pack A and the non-metal composite battery pack B are filled with heat-conducting glue (the filling height of the heat-conducting glue is about 1/3 of the height of the battery), so that the temperature uniformity among the battery cells is increased, and thermal runaway caused by abnormal temperature of individual battery cells is avoided. And secondly, each electric core (or a battery module formed by the electric cores) in the battery box is formed into a whole, so that the overall strength of the battery pack is improved. In the case of the non-metal composite battery pack B, when charged with a 40A charge current (SOC is 0 to 100%) in the same environment as the sheet metal material battery pack, the accumulated temperature of the sheet metal material battery pack is raised by 5 ℃ or more than that of the non-metal composite battery pack B, the charge capacity of the non-metal composite battery pack B is raised by 5% or more than that of the sheet metal material battery pack, and the maximum temperature difference (obtained by recording all the positive and negative tab temperatures) inside the case of the composite non-metal battery pack is maintained at 1.5 to 2 ℃. This is not only relevant with having used the heat conduction to glue, but also is related with specific heat capacity and the thermal insulation performance of SMC are higher than the sheet metal material, and above-mentioned factor makes the nonmetallic composite battery package of this application have more advantage in the aspect of avoiding thermal runaway than sheet metal material battery package.
The properties of some of the raw materials used in the above test examples were as follows:
SMC meets the following performance requirements: the tensile strength of the material grade (disordered glass fiber state) is more than or equal to 70Mpa (GB/T1447-2005), the bending strength is more than or equal to 160Mpa (GB/T1449-2005), and the impact toughness is more than or equal to 55KJ/m 2 (GB/T1451-2005), elongation at break is not less than 1.3% (GB/T1447-2005).
The density of the aerogel blanket was about 0.16mg/cm 3 。
The shearing strength (anodic aluminum oxide-anodic aluminum oxide) of the structural adhesive is more than or equal to 6MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 5MPa, and the flame retardant grade V0 is realized.
The SMC, the aerogel felt and the structural adhesive can be commercial products or homemade products with the performance requirements, and the rest materials are commercial products.
While specific embodiments of the utility model have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (23)

1. A battery box with explosion-proof function, characterized in that the battery box includes:
The box body assembly is provided with a box shell and an explosion-proof valve, the box shell is provided with an exhaust hole, and the explosion-proof valve is arranged at the exhaust hole of the box shell;
the heat preservation piece, the heat preservation piece set up in the inboard of case, and at least encirclement the exhaust hole, the heat preservation piece is equipped with and is used for guiding the inside gas of case acts on the ventilation portion of explosion-proof valve.
2. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to claim 1, wherein the heat-insulating member is provided with a cavity with an opening, the heat-insulating member encloses the exhaust hole in the cavity through the opening, and the cavity communicates with the inner space of the box case through the ventilation portion.
3. The explosion-proof battery box as set forth in claim 2, wherein said opening is matched with said vent hole.
4. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to claim 2, wherein the opening and the ventilation part are arranged at two ends of the cavity opposite to each other, the ventilation part faces the exhaust hole, and the area of the ventilation part is smaller than that of the exhaust hole.
5. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to claim 4, wherein the explosion-proof valve is provided with a piston reset assembly which extends into the inner side of the box shell through the exhaust hole, the piston reset assembly is provided with a guide rod with a vent passage, the guide rod is opposite to the vent part, the cavity is enclosed outside the piston reset assembly, and the area of the vent part is larger than the cross-sectional area of the vent passage and smaller than the area of the guide rod opposite to one end of the vent part.
6. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to claim 1, wherein the vent portion includes a vent hole, a two-dimensional porous vent structure, or a three-dimensional porous vent structure.
7. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof valve is fixed to the box case by a connection member exposed to the inside of the box case, and the heat insulating member has a relief chamber covering the connection member.
8. The battery box with the explosion-proof function according to claim 1, wherein the heat preservation piece is fixedly connected with the box body in an adhering or welding mode.
9. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the box case includes an upper box case at an upper portion, and the explosion-proof valve is provided on the upper box case.
10. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to claim 9, wherein the explosion-proof valve is provided on a side surface of the upper box case.
11. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to claim 9, wherein the box assembly further comprises a heat insulation structure arranged on the inner side of the upper box shell, and the heat insulation structure is provided with an avoidance hole for avoiding the heat insulation member.
12. The battery box with the explosion-proof function according to claim 11, wherein the heat preservation piece is attached to the avoidance hole.
13. The battery box with the explosion-proof function according to claim 11, wherein the heat insulation structure comprises a light flexible heat insulation layer attached to the inner side surface of the box shell and a protective thin layer covered on the light flexible heat insulation layer, the avoidance holes at least penetrate through the light flexible heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation piece is attached to the avoidance holes through interference fit.
14. The battery box with explosion-proof function according to claim 13, wherein the avoidance hole penetrates through the light flexible heat-insulating layer, the protection thin layer covers the heat-insulating piece, and a notch matched with the ventilation part is formed.
15. The explosion-proof battery box according to claim 13, wherein the lightweight flexible thermal insulation layer comprises a polymer foaming material layer or an aerogel felt layer; and/or the protective layer comprises a fire protection cloth layer or a metal foil layer.
16. The explosion-proof battery case according to claim 1, wherein the case housing is made of a nonmetallic composite material.
17. The explosion-proof battery case according to claim 16, wherein the nonmetallic composite material comprises a fiber reinforced resin-based composite material.
18. The battery case with explosion-proof function according to claim 17, wherein the fiber reinforced resin-based composite material comprises a glass fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, or a carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, or a resin fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, or a ceramic fiber reinforced resin-based composite material.
19. The explosion-proof battery box according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating member is made of a nonmetallic composite material.
20. The explosion-proof battery case according to claim 19, wherein the nonmetallic composite material comprises a fiber reinforced resin-based composite material.
21. The battery case with explosion-proof function according to claim 20, wherein the fiber reinforced resin-based composite material comprises a glass fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, or a carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, or a resin fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, or a ceramic fiber reinforced resin-based composite material.
22. A battery pack comprising the battery box of any one of claims 1-21.
23. An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack of claim 22.
CN202123455509.XU 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Battery box, battery pack and electric automobile with explosion-proof function Active CN219017854U (en)

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CN202111567173 2021-12-20

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CN202123456676.6U Active CN217881776U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Upper box cover of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123455535.2U Active CN217956013U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123455506.6U Active CN217281038U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202111673238.7A Pending CN115566343A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202111668441.5A Pending CN115295942A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123455509.XU Active CN219017854U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Battery box, battery pack and electric automobile with explosion-proof function
CN202123456130.0U Active CN217280991U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Box body assembly of battery pack and battery pack assembly comprising same
CN202111673462.6A Pending CN115566352A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Upper box cover of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202111673928.2A Pending CN115312960A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Connector reinforcing structure and battery box comprising same
CN202111668204.9A Pending CN115312930A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Box body assembly of battery pack and battery pack assembly comprising same
CN202123456080.6U Active CN217903275U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Combination box body of battery pack, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123455772.9U Active CN217903297U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Connecting plate reinforced structure and battery pack comprising same
CN202111673965.3A Pending CN115566344A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Connecting plate reinforced structure and battery pack comprising same
CN202111673422.1A Pending CN115732835A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123456419.2U Active CN217281074U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Box subassembly, battery box, battery package and electric automobile under battery box
CN202123456076.XU Active CN217903298U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Battery box subassembly, battery package and electric automobile
CN202123456433.2U Active CN217281110U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Connector reinforcing structure and battery box comprising same
CN202111673914.0A Pending CN115566337A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Combination box body of battery pack, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123456344.8U Active CN217903299U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202210613531.2A Pending CN116315293A (en) 2021-12-20 2022-05-31 Manufacturing method of heat-preservation battery pack
CN202221691118.XU Active CN219106411U (en) 2021-12-20 2022-06-30 Battery box and battery pack with explosion-proof function

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CN202123455506.6U Active CN217281038U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202111673238.7A Pending CN115566343A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
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CN202111673928.2A Pending CN115312960A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Connector reinforcing structure and battery box comprising same
CN202111668204.9A Pending CN115312930A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Box body assembly of battery pack and battery pack assembly comprising same
CN202123456080.6U Active CN217903275U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Combination box body of battery pack, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123455772.9U Active CN217903297U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Connecting plate reinforced structure and battery pack comprising same
CN202111673965.3A Pending CN115566344A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Connecting plate reinforced structure and battery pack comprising same
CN202111673422.1A Pending CN115732835A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123456419.2U Active CN217281074U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Box subassembly, battery box, battery package and electric automobile under battery box
CN202123456076.XU Active CN217903298U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Battery box subassembly, battery package and electric automobile
CN202123456433.2U Active CN217281110U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Connector reinforcing structure and battery box comprising same
CN202111673914.0A Pending CN115566337A (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Combination box body of battery pack, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202123456344.8U Active CN217903299U (en) 2021-12-20 2021-12-31 Lower box body of battery box, battery pack and electric automobile
CN202210613531.2A Pending CN116315293A (en) 2021-12-20 2022-05-31 Manufacturing method of heat-preservation battery pack
CN202221691118.XU Active CN219106411U (en) 2021-12-20 2022-06-30 Battery box and battery pack with explosion-proof function

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CN115295942A (en) 2022-11-04
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CN115732835A (en) 2023-03-03
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