CN2189763Y - Fire alarm monitored by monolithic processor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fire alarm monitored and processed by an SCM. An intel 8098 quasi 16 bit SCM is adopted as a main controller. The fire alarm monitored and processed by the SCM is composed of an EPROM, an RAM, an EEPROM, a keyboard / displaying interface chip 8279, a paralleling I/O expanding interface chip 8155, a printer and eight driving and detecting circuits provided with fire alarm monitoring sensors. The peripheral interface of the fire alarm monitored and processed by the SCM is expanded through the use of a CPU address line and the chip selecting process of an encoder. A polling operational mode is adopted by the fire alarm monitored and processed by the SCM to monitor fire warning. The fire alarm monitored and processed by the SCM has the advantage of reliable work. The fire alarm monitored and processed by the SCM can prevent false alarm, and program on site. The fire alarm monitored and processed by the SCM is convenient for operators on duty and is provided with a plurality of operating mechanisms which can alarm and take fire fighting emergency measures in time.

Description

Fire alarm monitored by monolithic processor

The utility model relates to a kind of alarm device, exactly, relate to a kind of single chip microcomputer that utilizes and make master controller, auxiliary more necessary external device and fire alarm sensor, can when fire alarm takes place, provide audible and visual alarm signal and print record rapidly, in time, and control the action of corresponding multiple topworks automatically, so that reduce the fire alarm alarm device of fire damage to greatest extent, belong to the ACU alarm control unit technical field.

Now,, in important building, all the fire alarm alarm device must be installed, need take precautions against the place of fire as shop, office, bank, warehouse, museum, hospital, restaurant, library etc. and other according to the relevant regulations of government.In case the breaking out of fire dangerous situation, this device can send special sound and light signal immediately automatically, causes that people guard against, so that in time adopt measure, removes the dangerous condition and hidden danger; Simultaneously, also should be able to write down data such as the condition of a disaster time of origin, place, use for later analysis cause of fire, clearly defining responsibilities.For this reason, people have developed multiple fire alarm alarm device, as: " cross complaint through type fire alarm self-actuated controller " (patent No.: CN89210555.0), " multifunction alarm device " (patent No.: CN92217596.9) etc.

After entering the eighties, development along with microelectronics and computer science, people begin to use the control maincenter of microprocessor chip as Artificial Intelligence Instrument, giving full play to microcomputer in data acquisition and the huge advantage of handling in real time, and have obtained great achievement.Be limited to the manufacturing technology level of microprocessor circuit chip at that time, the domestic computer that uses in the fire alarm alarm device is that MCS-51 series monolithic with TP-801 single card microcomputer and development afterwards is as representative, these alarm devices have been given full play to the various performance characteristics of microcomputer, on guarantee national wealth and people's life safety, all brought into play good preventive effect, but really also there are some defectives and not enough place: the one, the cpu chip (as: Z80 of above-mentioned microcomputer, Z80A or MCS-51 series 8031 etc.) all have only a totalizer, its arithmetic sum logical operation is all by its processing of socializing alone, make data handling procedure " bottleneck " phenomenon occur, thereby instruction operation speed is slowed down, have a strong impact on the function performance of microprocessor I/O port, it is less so its scope that detects sensitivity is restricted, the function of device is limited to: what have can only report to the police, and can not take more other strick precautions or emergency action measure.The Another reason that causes this result then is that its clock frequency is lower, is 2MHz as Z80CPU, and Z80ACPU is 4MHz, and 8031 is 6MHz.The 2nd, above-mentioned computer all is to adopt interrupt mode to carry out the alarm signal transmission and handle, and suits for the master oscillator frequenc technology status low, that the totalizer number is few, the data processing timeliness is long of device at that time, also has no alternative.But,, may cause that program " runs fast " owing to the program jump of interrupting producing; make ACU alarm control unit phenomenon out of control also be difficult to avoid fully having stopped; and the pulse signal that produces because of interference usually can be mistaken as look-at-me, causes the disadvantage of false alarm also often to take place.It is reported that megastore, Beijing is exactly because fire alarm is repeatedly reported by mistake, makes the staff off one's guard; In case just adopt a casual attitude when really the condition of a fire taking place, in time do not take the necessary measures, lead to fire disaster finally, suffer heavy losses.The 3rd, above-mentioned computer does not have the function of field programming.

The purpose of this utility model provides and a kind ofly can overcome above-mentioned existing computer alarm device defective, uses 8098 accurate 16 single-chip microcomputers to make the fire alarm alarm monitoring treating apparatus of master controller.

The utility model also is master controller and the peripheral interface chip thereof that is made of single-chip microcomputer, device is (as storer, keyboard, nixie display and printer), be used to monitor the sensor and the driving thereof of fire alarm, testing circuit, and receive the main controller controls instruction multiple topworks formed, it is characterized in that: master controller adopts 8098 accurate 16 single-chip microcomputers of U.S. intel company to constitute, six high address lines in this single-chip microcomputer address bus are gone into eight input ends that go out code translator and are linked to each other with two three respectively, be used to expand its Peripheral Interface, one of them code translator is used to expand the input/output interface of single-chip microcomputer, its output terminal respectively with EPROM, RAM, EEPROM, programmable keyboard/display interface chip 8279, programmable parallel I/O expansion interface chip 8155 is connected with printer.Another then is used to expand the data acquisition circuit of single-chip microcomputer, and its output terminal links to each other with eight driving test circuit respectively.In addition, the 16th of 8098 chips the pin (READY) links to each other with " sheet choosing " input end of electrically erasable programmable ROM chip 2864; Eight drivings, the testing circuit of monitoring fire alarm sensor are housed, and per two shared one OR-circuits are connected with four high speed input channels of 8098 chips respectively.

8098 single-chip microcomputers that the end of the year in 1988, U.S. intel company succeeded in developing adopt 16 bit address buses and 8 bit data bus structures, its innernal CPU then is 16 bit architectures, the price of this accurate 16 machines is far below original complete 16 machines, but how much inferior performance is unlike the latter.As this chip integration height, integrate CPU and various interface circuit, dispose completely, the outer adjunct circuit of sheet is simplified greatly, help shortening the development process of application system.The register overwhelming majority of its CPU is 16, have 232 totalizers, can both " be war alone ", add its three phase clock frequency height (12MHz) and many Elementary Functions to rely on hardware to realize and take time of CPU few (for example high speed I/O passage etc.), instruction operation speed is increased substantially, eliminated " bottleneck " phenomenon.In addition, this chip is owing to the integrated level height, and structure is formed compact, and has power down protection power supply etc., makes it to have high reliability and antijamming capability.These characteristics all makes 8 original machine single-chip microcomputers prove definitely inferior.At present, except slightly inferior on self development ability, other aspects all are that 8 single-chip microcomputers can't match in excellence or beauty with it.Especially adopting 8098 to form intelligent control instrument, can collect measurement, control, handle (real-time, non real-time), write down, be shown in one, is the very wide desirable machine of application prospect in the present automation field.

The utility model is exactly to utilize 8098 accurate 16 single-chip microcomputers to make a kind of intelligent automatic control device of CPU.Because the high speed output/input channel of the multiple accumulator structure of this single-chip microcomputer and configuration itself, make CPU carry out fast processing and transmission to the fire alarm data of its collection, not only eliminated " bottleneck " phenomenon of original 8 single card microcomputers, also for the utility model adopt the concurrent working mode of four hsi ports patrol and examine image data replace original interruption of work mode provide may and condition.This working method of patrolling and examining avoids false alarm to can be described as a revolutionary innovative approach for the functional reliability that improves warning device.

It is to utilize 8098 high address line to select expansion interface through the code translator sheet that important technology of the present utility model improves, and this method circuit is simple and reliable, and the interface of expansion is more.For example the utility model only just can be expanded 16 output/input interfaces at most with two three, eight code translators.The method of 8098 this expanding peripherals interfaces still is the first Application success in the ACU alarm control unit field.In addition, the utility model also makes full use of the characteristics of 8098 single-chip microcomputers own, makes that peripheral circuit quantity is few, simple in structure, reliable operation, cost reduce, and it is wide to have monitoring range simultaneously, and the control point can reach 584; And to the processing that can both continue of switching signal and simulating signal.In case the generation condition of a fire can be controlled corresponding multiple topworks and take to draw electric brake, blows a whistle, opens the first-class action of the fire hose, to cause warning and in time to take fire protection.Show the place (room number) and the print record of breaking out of fire simultaneously, use for the later analysis accident.In fact, application of the present utility model is not limited on the fire alarm alarming processing, as long as suitable sensor and the corresponding topworks of equipment of configuration on its Monitoring Line, it fully can be as the automatic monitoring and the alarm treatment device of antitheft, anti-harmful gas or disasteies such as flood situation, earthquake.

Fig. 1 is a structure composition frame chart of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are circuit logic diagram of the present utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is to utilize accurate 16 8098 single-chip microcomputers to make the intelligent alarm controller of CPU, device be equipped with two code translators (be sheet select 1 and sheet select 2), the high address line by single-chip microcomputer carries out sheet and selects and expand its interface.Wherein code translator 1(sheet selects 1) output terminal is connected with printer TP-16 with EPROM, RAM, EEPROM, demonstration/keyboard interface chip 8279, parallel I/O expansion interface chip 8155 respectively, and its input end links to each other with address wire A15, A14, the A13 of CPU; Code translator 2(sheet selects 2) output terminal then is connected to 8 driving and detection circuits 1～8 that the fire alarm sensor is housed, its input end link to each other with address wire A9, A10, the A11 of CPU (referring to Fig. 2 A).Every detection circuit can be installed 63 coding fire detection sensors and 10 non-coding fire alarm sensors, and whole device just can be monitored 584 measuring control points, and monitoring range is big.Every detection circuit adopts the two bus modes transmission of microcomputerization to patrol and examine the fire alarm that coding and sensor are sent back to.Per two promotions, the shared OR-circuit of detection circuit link to each other with four high speed input channel HSI10,11,12,13 of 8098 chips respectively.The utility model adopts the parallel working method of patrolling and examining automatically of these four hsi ports only to interrupt the working method comparison that alarm signal is failed in oral instructions with one with existing alarm device, can shorten the functional reliability of polling period and raising alarm device greatly, avoid taking place the mistake alarm.8098 chips that the utility model adopts have a plurality of special function registers, and these registers all have the totalizer function, make CPU can carry out fast processing and frequent output/input to operational data.All these all are the hardware guarantee measures that the utility model is patrolled and examined working method.

Sheet selects in the 1 I/O interface chip that connects electro erasible programmable read-only memory 2864, for the utility model adopts field programming work---show that directly floor and room number provide condition.Because this chip maximum storage time is 10 milliseconds, and the read pulse pulsewidth of 8098 chips has only 220 microseconds, the write pulse width minimum has only 131 microseconds, be 203 microseconds to the maximum, for solving its reliable storage information, the utility model is taked the sheet of 2864 chips choosing (CE) is terminated to the 16th pin (READY) of 8098 chips referring to Fig. 2 A on hardware.Adopt the loop-around data querying method on the software, just stop ending after guaranteeing sense data and writing data consistent.

Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B have showed control logic circuit of the present utility model.Introduce it below in conjunction with its workflow.

After the start, advanced line time initialization.By by the time initial value key in 4 * 5 keyboards (being illustrated as keyboard) of pressing Fig. 2 B downside, make 10 digital display tubes black entirely.Import each two of year, month, day, hour, min data respectively with keyboard then, 8098CPU reads in above-mentioned numerical value through programmable keyboard/display interface chip 8279, select 1(code translator 74LS138 by sheet again) choose 8155 programmable parallel I/O expansion interface chips, data are sent into the M5832 clock chip, and after this clock promptly moves from initial value.At regular intervals, CPU reads real-time time numerical value by 8155 chips, selects 1 this numerical value to deliver to nixie display through 8279 chips through sheet and shows.Carry out the geocoding initialization then.By address initialization key, 8098CPU sends data through data latches 74LS373 and two data buffer 74LS125, sends the geocoding that sensor all may be installed to the double bus that hangs with fire perceiving device by the driving detection circuit of forming with Motorola's 145026 communication interface chips and field effect transistor again.When the coding of being sent out is consistent with the sensor address, this sensor will return a signal, these return signals also thus two buses after 74LS28 OR circuit separately, enter among 8098 four hsi port HSI10, HSI11, HSI12 and the HSI13 one respectively, select 1 data are delivered to eeprom chip 2864 to deposit in by CPU and 138 again, choose 8279 chips simultaneously, geocoding is presented on the digital display tube.At this moment just can programme at the scene: import the floor and the room number at each sensor place by keyboard, these data through 8279 and CPU deposit electrically erasable programmable ROM chip 2864 in.Break down or during fire alarm, just can directly show and print its floor and room number (printer model is TP-16, referring to Fig. 2 A) when the fire alarm sensor like this.This field programming, directly show and the method for room number only showed that compared with former alarm controller the mode of sensor coding can make things convenient for on-the-spot operator on duty greatly, at once fire scene is taken measures after receiving the report for police service in order to them.

After the initialization, 8098CPU resets just to enter automatically and patrols and examines the state of alert, CPU reads the geocoding of laying the fire alarm sensor from 2864 chips, sends the coded address of alarming sensor to 8 drivings and testing circuit successively through data latches 74LS373 and buffer 74LS125.For normal, fault and three kinds of situations of fire alarm, can obtain three kinds of different information:

When receiving normal information, CPU just takes out next sensor address coding from 2864 chips, continues to repeat above-mentioned via driving the process that sends coding, patrols and examines with testing circuit.The utility model only sends the geocoding that the fire alarm sensor is housed on software processes, do not send empty sign indicating number, so also can shorten polling period, increases work efficiency.

When receiving fault or fire alarm information, at first CPU stops from clock chip 5832 read time numerical value, and the shown time value of display just remains unchanged, and shows the fire alarm time of origin.Then, select 1 to choose 8155 I/O expansion interface chip through sheet, this chip is used as 8098 parallel data I/O port, a plurality of (being illustrated as 14) programmable parallel input/output interface lead-in wire can be provided, these service wires can drive multiple topworks, for example drive loudspeaker, send alarm or trouble sound, also pilot lamp be can drive, fire alarm or fault shown; Electric brake be can also draw, fire hydrant, starting isolating door etc. opened.14 square frames shown in the top, Fig. 2 B right side are promptly represented these topworks's parts.At last, CPU chooses printer TP-16 through the code translator sheet all output print is for future reference time, room number that fire alarm or fault take place.So far the warning work of this sensor is finished, and 8098CPU begins again other fire alarm sensors are patrolled and examined supervision.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of fire alarm alarm device of handling by the one-chip computer monitoring, include: the master controller and the peripheral interface device thereof that constitute with single-chip microcomputer: storer, keyboard, nixie display and printer, be used to monitor the sensor of fire alarm and driving thereof, testing circuit, and the multiple topworks that receives the main controller controls instruction, it is characterized in that: master controller adopts 8098 accurate 16 single-chip microcomputers of U.S. intel company to constitute; Six high address lines of this single-chip microcomputer address bus are gone into eight input ends that go out code translator and are linked to each other with two three respectively, are used to expand its Peripheral Interface; The 16th pin (READY) of 8098 chips then links to each other with " sheet choosing " input end of electrically erasable programmable ROM chip 2864; Eight drivings, the testing circuit of monitoring fire alarm sensor are housed, and per two shared one OR-circuits are connected with four high speed input channels of 8098 chips respectively.

2, the fire alarm alarm device of one-chip computer monitoring processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned two three going into eight and go out code translator of being connected with single-chip microcomputer high address line, one of them uses the input/output interface of expansion single-chip microcomputer, and its output terminal is connected with printer with EPROM, RAM, EEPROM, demonstration/keyboard interface chip 8279, parallel I/O expansion interface chip 8155 respectively; Another one then is used to expand the data acquisition circuit of single-chip microcomputer, and its output terminal links to each other with eight drivings, testing circuits respectively.

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