CN218911396U - Anchor block device and anchoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of anchoring, in particular to an anchor block device and an anchor system, which comprises an anchor block body, a foundation pit and a cushion layer, wherein the bottom of each side face of the anchor block body is provided with a toe board, at least three toe boards are sequentially connected and enclose a cavity with an open lower end, each toe board comprises a first toe board along the displacement direction of the anchor block body, the bottom of the first toe board along the displacement direction of the anchor block body is arranged in an outward inclined manner relative to the cavity, the anchor block body is placed on the cushion layer at the bottom of the foundation pit, the toe boards are abutted against the cushion layer, and backfilling stones are filled between the foundation pit and the anchor block body. When the anchor block body is displaced, the first toe plate is embedded into the cushion layer, cushion stones in the cushion layer enter the cavity, the cushion stones can generate a cavity reaction force opposite to the displacement direction on the cavity, and meanwhile, the external reaction force generated by backfill stones in the foundation pit on the anchor block body and the gravity of the anchor block are combined, so that the anchor block body is difficult to pull out, and the anchor block body has strong tensile capacity.

Description

Anchor block device and anchoring system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of anchoring, in particular to an anchor block device and an anchoring system.

Background

When the highway or urban road and the subway pass through the river, the lake and the sea and the estuary, a plurality of methods can be adopted, such as ferry, bridge, underwater tunnel and the like. Ferrying is the simplest but cannot accommodate larger traffic volumes; the bridge has low cost per unit length, but is restricted when passing under the river of a large sea-land or due to the limitation of certain conditions; the underwater tunnel is a tunnel built in the stratum below the river bed, and has the defects of high construction difficulty, long construction period and high cost due to complex geological conditions. At this time, the construction of the underwater tunnel by the immersed tube method becomes a main and preferred construction method.

The tunnel built on the beds of river, sea, etc. by the immersed tube method is called immersed tube tunnel or underwater tunnel. The immersed tube method is to prefabricate immersed tube sections of a tunnel in a temporary dry dock or a slipway outside the tunnel according to the design shape and the size of the tunnel, seal the two ends of the immersed tube by using temporary partition walls, then drag the immersed tube to the tunnel position, sink the immersed tube into a pre-dug groove in the river, connect the immersed tube sections under water, and finally fill foundation and backfill sand stones to embed the tube sections into the original river bed.

The immersed tube is generally deposited on water before being installed, the immersed tube is installed after meeting the installation condition, the immersed tube is longitudinally and transversely adjusted during the large immersed tube water deposition and installation, a special anchoring system is generally adopted, a reinforced concrete anchor block and steel wire rope combined mode is generally adopted, however, the existing immersed tube deposition and installation anchor block device is generally a gravity type reinforced concrete anchor block, the anchor block is located on the water bottom by means of self gravity, the anchor block resists the pulling force generated by the immersed tube movement by means of self weight, the anchor force is not relied on, the tensile capacity of the anchor block is poor, the generated pulling force is insufficient, and when a traction object (namely the immersed tube) is influenced by large water flow to move, the anchor block is easily pulled out by being caused, so that the traction object can not realize water deposition.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at: aiming at the problems in the background technology, an anchor block device and an anchor system are provided to solve the problem that the tensile capacity of an anchor block is poor and the water deposit of a traction object cannot be realized.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides an anchor block device, includes anchor block body, foundation ditch and bed course, every side bottom of anchor block body all is equipped with the toe board, at least three the toe board connects gradually and encloses into the cavity that the lower extreme was uncovered to be set up, the toe board includes along the first toe board of anchor block body displacement direction, follows the first toe board bottom of anchor block body displacement direction for the cavity outside slope sets up, the anchor block body place in on the bed course of foundation ditch bottom, the toe board with the bed course looks butt, the foundation ditch with fill between the anchor block body and backfill building stones.

According to the anchor block device, in the process that the anchor block body is pulled to displace, backfill stones filled between the anchor block body and the foundation pit can generate an external reaction force opposite to the displacement direction on the anchor block body, so that the anchor block body is not easy to pull out; simultaneously, when the anchor block body is displaced, as the bottom of the first toe board is outwards inclined relative to the cavity, the outer side surface of the first toe board forms an inclined surface which gradually deviates outwards from top to bottom, so that the first toe board can be embedded into a cushion layer at the bottom of a foundation pit when the anchor block body is pulled, cushion layer stones in the cushion layer can be further arranged in the cavity of the anchor block body, in the displacement process of the anchor block body, the cushion layer stones can generate a cavity reaction force opposite to the displacement direction for the cavity, and as the displacement is increased, the cushion layer stones entering the cavity are increased, the generated cavity reaction force is larger, and further, in the process of gradually embedding the cushion layer when the anchor block body is pulled, the backfilled stones and the cushion layer stones can generate friction force for the anchor block body, so that the anchor block body is pulled more tightly; meanwhile, the anchor block can block the displacement of the anchor block by the gravity generated by the self weight, and the anchor block body is difficult to pull out under the combined action of the self gravity, the external reaction force, the cavity reaction force and the friction force of the anchor block body, so that the anchor block body has stronger tensile capacity.

Preferably, the lower thickness of at least one of the first toe plates is less than the upper thickness of that first toe plate, and the cavity is located above the pad layer. Because the bottom thickness of the first toe board is smaller than the top thickness of the first toe board, the inner side surface of the first toe board forms an inclined surface which gradually deviates outwards from top to bottom, so that when the anchor block body is embedded into the cushion layer of the foundation pit, cushion layer stones can be more conveniently carried out in the cavity.

Preferably, a dragging plate is arranged on the outer side face of the first toe plate along the displacement direction of the anchor block body, and the dragging plate is used for connecting an anchor chain.

Preferably, the top of the anchor block body is provided with a communicating pipe, the communicating pipe can be communicated with the cavity, and when the anchor block is put into water, the communicating pipe discharges air in the cavity, so that air bubbles are prevented from forming at the top of the cavity, the underwater installation operation of the anchor block is disturbed, and the installation efficiency of the anchor block is improved.

Preferably, the vertical section of the foundation pit is in an inverted trapezoid shape, and the internal volume of the foundation pit is larger than the volume of the anchor block body, so that the anchor block body is convenient to install in the foundation pit.

Preferably, the anchor block body is tetragonal.

The application also discloses a mooring system, including the anchor chain and the anchor block device of this application, at least a portion of anchor block device sets up at the bottom of the water, the anchor block device is through at least one the anchor chain is connected with the traction object.

According to the anchoring system, the traction object is anchored through the anchor block device, so that the traction object can be deposited on the water surface, the situation that the anchor block device is pulled when the traction object is displaced in multiple directions and multiple angles under the action of transverse flow, oblique flow or vortex is avoided, the technical problem of traction force required by the traction object in the process of depositing on the water is solved, the method is easy and convenient to operate, the efficiency is high, and the safety and stability requirements of the traction object on the water can be ensured.

Preferably, the anchor block devices are arranged at two ends of the traction object, the anchor block devices are connected with the traction object through the anchor chains, and the anchor block devices are arranged at two ends of the traction object, so that the traction object is more stable in an anchoring state.

Preferably, at least two anchor block devices are connected to form an anchor block, the anchor block is connected with a plurality of traction objects, and the anchor block is combined into an anchor block through at least two anchor block devices, so that the anchor block has a stronger tensile effect, and meanwhile, the traction objects in a plurality of directions can be anchored.

Preferably, the anchor block comprises an assembly for connecting the anchor block arrangement.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

1. according to the anchor block device, in the process that the anchor block body is pulled to displace, backfill stones filled between the anchor block body and the foundation pit can generate an external reaction force opposite to the displacement direction on the anchor block body, so that the anchor block body is not easy to pull out; simultaneously, when the anchor block body is displaced, as the bottom of the first toe board is outwards inclined relative to the cavity, the outer side surface of the first toe board forms an inclined surface which gradually deviates outwards from top to bottom, so that the first toe board can be embedded into a cushion layer at the bottom of a foundation pit when the anchor block body is pulled, cushion layer stones in the cushion layer can be further arranged in the cavity of the anchor block body, in the displacement process of the anchor block body, the cushion layer stones can generate a cavity reaction force opposite to the displacement direction for the cavity, and as the displacement is increased, the cushion layer stones entering the cavity are increased, the generated cavity reaction force is larger, and further, in the process of gradually embedding the cushion layer when the anchor block body is pulled, the backfilled stones and the cushion layer stones can generate friction force for the anchor block body, so that the anchor block body is pulled more tightly; meanwhile, the anchor block can block the displacement of the anchor block by the gravity generated by the self weight, and the anchor block body is difficult to pull out under the combined action of the self gravity, the external reaction force, the cavity reaction force and the friction force of the anchor block body, so that the anchor block body has stronger tensile capacity.

2. According to the anchoring system, the traction object is anchored through the anchor block device, so that the traction object can be deposited on the water surface, the situation that the anchor block device is pulled when the traction object is displaced in multiple directions and multiple angles under the action of transverse flow, oblique flow or vortex is avoided, the technical problem of traction force required by the traction object in the process of depositing on the water is solved, the method is easy and convenient to operate, the efficiency is high, and the safety and stability requirements of the traction object on the water can be ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the anchor block arrangement of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the anchor block body of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic drawing of the anchor block arrangement of the present utility model in tension.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a foundation pit of the present utility model.

Figure 6 illustrates a schematic of the mooring system of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a preferred mooring system of the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the anchor block of the present utility model.

The marks in the figure: 1-anchor block body, 2-carriage, 3-anchor chain, 4-communicating pipe, 5-toe board, 51-first toe board, 6-cavity, 7-foundation pit, 8-backfill stone, 9-traction object, 10-cushion layer, 101-cushion layer stone, 11-anchor block, 111-assembly.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, an anchor block device comprises an anchor block body 1, a foundation pit 7 and a cushion layer 10, wherein each side bottom of the anchor block body 1 is provided with a toe board 5, at least three toe boards 5 are sequentially connected and enclose a cavity 6 with an open lower end, each toe board 5 comprises a first toe board 51 along the displacement direction of the anchor block body 1, the bottom of the first toe board 51 along the displacement direction of the anchor block body 1 is obliquely arranged outwards relative to the cavity 6, the anchor block body 1 is placed on the cushion layer 10 at the bottom of the foundation pit 7, the toe boards 5 are abutted against the cushion layer 10, and backfilling stones 8 are filled between the foundation pit 7 and the anchor block body 1.

According to the anchor block device disclosed by the utility model, in the process that the anchor block body 1 is displaced by pulling the dragging plate 2, backfill stones 8 filled between the anchor block body 1 and the foundation pit 7 can generate an external reaction force opposite to the displacement direction on the anchor block body 1, so that the anchor block body 1 is not easy to pull out, meanwhile, when the anchor block body 1 is displaced, as the bottom of the first toe plate 51 is arranged obliquely outwards relative to the cavity 6, an inclined plane gradually outwards offset is formed on the outer side surface of the first toe plate 51 from top to bottom, so that the first toe plate 51 can be embedded into the cushion layer 10 at the bottom of the foundation pit 7 when the anchor block body 1 is pulled, and then cushion stones 101 can generate a cavity reaction force opposite to the displacement direction on the cavity 6, and as the displacement is increased, the generated cavity reaction force is larger, further, in the process that the cushion stones 101 in the anchor block body 1 are gradually embedded into the cushion layer 10, the backfill stones 8 and the cushion layer 101 in the cushion layer 10 can generate friction stones 101 to the anchor block body 1, so that the anchor block 1 is pulled more tightly; meanwhile, the anchor block body 1 can also block the displacement of the anchor block body 1 by the gravity generated by the self weight, and the anchor block body 1 is difficult to pull out under the combined action of the self gravity of the anchor block body 1, the external reaction force, the cavity reaction force and the friction force, so that the anchor block body 1 has stronger tensile capacity.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the thickness of the lower portion of the first toe plate 51 is smaller than the thickness of the upper portion of the first toe plate 51, so that the inner side surface of the first toe plate 51 forms a gradually outwards-offset inclined surface from top to bottom, and the bedding stone 101 can more conveniently perform the inside of the cavity 6 when the first toe plate 51 is embedded in the bedding 10 of the foundation pit 7.

As shown in fig. 2, the force supporting plate 2 is installed on the upper portion of the anchor block body 1, a round hole is formed in the force supporting plate 2, the anchor chain 3 is connected through the round hole in the force supporting plate 2, and then the traction object 9 needing anchoring is connected through the anchor chain 3.

The traction object 9 pulls the anchor block body 1 through the anchor chain 3, and the direction along the force supporting plate 2 and the anchor chain 3 is the displacement direction of the anchor block body 1, as shown in fig. 6.

As shown in fig. 2-3, the communicating pipe 4 is provided at the top of the anchor block body 1, the communicating pipe 4 is communicated with the inner cavity 6 of the anchor block, and when the anchor block is installed, air in the cavity 6 is discharged through the communicating pipe 4 when the anchor block is filled with water, thereby facilitating the installation of the anchor block, avoiding air forming bubbles at the top of the cavity 6 when the anchor block is installed, interfering with the underwater installation operation of the anchor block, thereby improving the installation efficiency of the anchor block, and further, arranging a plurality of communicating pipes 4 at the top of the anchor block body 1, and improving the exhaust capacity of the communicating pipe 4.

In a preferred manner, as shown in fig. 5, the vertical section of the foundation pit 7 is in an inverted trapezoid, after the foundation pit 7 is excavated, a layer of cushion layer 10 is paved at the bottom of the foundation pit 7 by using cushion layer stones 101, the cushion layer 10 is used for supporting the anchor block body 1 when the anchor block device is installed, and further, the internal volume of the foundation pit 7 is far greater than the volume of the anchor block body 1, so that the anchor block body 1 can be fully installed in the foundation pit 7.

In a preferred manner, the bottoms of the toe plates 5 on each side of the anchor block body 1 are all inclined outwards from the cavity 6, so that the anchor block body 1 is difficult to pull out in a plurality of directions when being pulled, and traction is better improved for the traction object 9.

In a preferred manner, the anchor block body 1 is tetragonal.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 6, the anchoring system according to this embodiment includes a mooring line 3 and one of the anchor block devices according to embodiment 1, wherein the anchor block device is disposed at the bottom of the water, and the anchor block device is connected to a towing object 9 through at least one of the mooring lines 3. The traction object 9 is anchored through the anchor block device, so that the traction object 9 can realize water surface storage, the situation that the anchor block device is pulled when the traction object 9 is displaced in multiple directions and multiple angles under the action of cross flow, oblique flow or vortex is avoided, the technical problem of traction force required by the floating storage of the traction object 9 on water is solved, the method is easy and convenient to operate and high in efficiency, and the safety and stability requirements of the traction object 9 on water storage can be ensured.

In a preferred manner, as shown in fig. 7, both ends of the traction object 9 are connected with the anchor block devices through the anchor chain 3, and the traction object 9 is more firmly stressed by arranging the anchor block devices at both ends of the traction object 9.

In a preferred manner, as shown in fig. 8, when a plurality of anchor block devices cannot be arranged to anchor the traction object 9 under the condition of limited water surface area, the anchor block 11 is formed by the plurality of anchor block devices, and the plurality of traction objects 9 are anchored through the anchor block 11, so that the problem that a plurality of anchor blocks cannot be arranged under the condition of limited water surface area is avoided, and the plurality of anchor block devices are further arranged by arranging the anchor block 11 instead of the plurality of anchor block devices, so that construction efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, construction period is also saved.

In a preferred manner, as shown in fig. 8, the anchor block 11 further comprises an assembly 111, the assembly 111 has a plurality of connection sides, each connection side can be connected with one anchor block device, the number of connection sides is set according to the number of anchor block devices to be connected, and when connected, the side surface of each anchor block device far away from the tug plate 2 is connected with the connection side surface of the assembly 111, wherein the assembly 111 is a prismatic body, each connection side surface is made of steel plates, the steel plates are mutually connected, a scissor brace is arranged in the assembly 111, and the connection surface is fixed through the scissor brace.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an anchor block device, its characterized in that includes anchor block body (1), foundation ditch (7) and bed course (10), every side bottom of anchor block body (1) all is equipped with toe board (5), at least three toe board (5) connect gradually and enclose into cavity (6) that the lower extreme set up, toe board (5) include follow first toe board (51) of anchor block body (1) displacement direction, follow first toe board (51) bottom of anchor block body (1) displacement direction for cavity (6) outside slope sets up, anchor block body (1) place in on bed course (10) of foundation ditch (7) bottom, toe board (5) with building stones (10) butt, foundation ditch (7) with fill between anchor block body (1) and backfill (8).

2. An anchor block arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower thickness of at least one of the first toe plates (51) is smaller than the upper thickness of the first toe plate (51), the cavity (6) being located above the pad layer (10).

3. An anchor block arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer side of the first toe plate (51) is provided with a tug plate (2), the tug plate (2) being adapted to be connected to an anchor chain (3).

4. Anchor block device according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the anchor block body (1) is provided with a communication pipe (4), which communication pipe (4) can communicate with the cavity (6).

5. An anchor block arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical cross section of the foundation pit (7) is inverted trapezoidal, the internal volume of the foundation pit (7) being larger than the volume of the anchor block body (1).

6. An anchor block arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor block body (1) is tetragonal.

7. Anchoring system, characterized by comprising a chain (3) and an anchor block arrangement according to any of claims 1-6, at least a part of which is arranged at the bottom of the water, which anchor block arrangement is connected to a towing object (9) by means of at least one of the chains (3).

8. A mooring system according to claim 7, wherein said towing object (9) is provided with said anchor block means at both ends, said anchor block means being connected to said towing object (9) by means of said anchor chain (3).

9. A mooring system according to claim 7, wherein at least two of said anchor block means are connected to form an anchor block (11), said anchor block (11) being connected to a plurality of said tows (9).

10. A mooring system according to claim 9, wherein the anchor block (11) comprises an assembly (111), the assembly (111) being adapted to connect the anchor block arrangement.

Images