CN2188768Y - Micro coulometer for measuring bromine valency and bromine index - Google Patents
Micro coulometer for measuring bromine valency and bromine index Download PDFInfo
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- CN2188768Y CN2188768Y CN 94202080 CN94202080U CN2188768Y CN 2188768 Y CN2188768 Y CN 2188768Y CN 94202080 CN94202080 CN 94202080 CN 94202080 U CN94202080 U CN 94202080U CN 2188768 Y CN2188768 Y CN 2188768Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a microcomputer control microcoulomb instrument for the measurement of the bromine valence and bromine index of the petroleum and petrochemical products, such as gasoline, diesel oil and aromatic hydrocarbons, etc. The utility model comprises a measurement magnifying circuit, an A/D converting circuit, an electrolyzing current isolation sampling circuit, an electrolytic power supply circuit, a microcomputer system, a display, a printer, etc. Compared with the general type microcoulomb instrument, the utility model has the advantages of fast analysis, stable performance, accurate result, convenient operation, and automatic data processing, and can continuously print the analysis result. The utility model belongs to a novel instrument for the control and analysis of the process and the detection of the product quality in petrochemical industry.
Description
The utility model is the system controlled by computer Microcoulomb instrument that is used to measure oil, petrochemicals bromine valency and bromine indexs such as gasoline, diesel oil and aromatic hydrocarbons.
Bromine valency and bromine index are indexs of expression oil and petrochemicals degree of unsaturation, with per 100 gram samples under rated condition during with bromine reaction the gram number of the bromine that consumed be the bromine valency, milligram number of the bromine that consumes is a bromine index.The method of measuring bromine valency or bromine index has three kinds, and first kind is to be indicator with methyl orange, with the classical volumetric analysis of potassium bromate monobromination potassium standard solution titration sample, as the mark SY2123-77 of the enterprise method of IP129/81 method and China.Second kind is with potassium bromate monobromination potassium standard solution titration sample, adopts two platinum electrodes according to the sudden change of current potential and " dead rest point " electrical analysis of directing terminal.As methods such as ASTMD-2710, D-1159, D-1491, IP299/84T, 130/85, UOP304-59.The third is according to the electric weight of measuring electrolysis bromine that sample consumes, by the microcoulomb method of coulometric analysis of two platinum electrode directing terminal, as the RIPP66-90 method of Research Institute of Petro-Chemical Engineering.First method is because with estimating the change color of indicator when titration end-point, artificial error in judgement is bigger.The instrument that second method is used is relatively backward, and the instrument display sensitivity is also variant because of the difference (as the weight difference of cut) of sample during titration end-point.The third microcoulomb method of coulometric analysis itself has fast, accurate and sensitive characteristics, but because instrument performance is perfect not enough, still awaits further improvement.
" coulometry is measured the bromine valency and the bromine index of petroleum fraction " used instrument according to RIPP66-90 is the universal micro-coulometric titration instrument of models such as YS-2A or YS-3 at present, its measuring-signal is to produce by the difference that the bridge measurement signal is compared with given signal, so the generation of noise and drift is inevitable.In addition, its amplifier adopts TF-10 transistor DC amplifier, and the isolation employing ZB mechanical vibrator chopper of measurements-electrolysis is isolated in time, thereby its precision and anti-jamming capacity are relatively poor.Also have certain defective in function aspects such as Faradaic current conversion, power frequency variation, counting circuits.During with this Instrument measuring bromine valency or bromine index, the operation more complicated, endpoint is difficult for, and measuring accuracy is also not high enough.
The purpose of the utility model Microcoulomb instrument is to overcome shortcoming and the technical weak point that above-mentioned universal Microcoulomb instrument exists, propose a kind of by microcomputer-controlled, can be used for measuring the bromine valency of multiple petrochemicals and the microcoulomb analyser of bromine index.
The utility model Microcoulomb instrument by measure amplifying circuit 1, A/D change-over circuit 2, Faradaic current isolate sample circuit 3, electrolysis power circuit 4, microcomputer system 5, keyboard 6, display unit 7, printer 8 and potential electrode to 9,10, electrolysis electrode partly constitutes 11,12 etc.Its basic functional principle is as follows:
Sample is injected the electrolytic solution contain a certain amount of bromine, the alkene in the sample promptly with bromine generation addition reaction:
R－CH＝CH
2＋Br
2→R－CHBr－CH
2Br
In the electrolytic solution thereby the variation of bromine concentration taken place, this changes 9,10 impressions of measured electrode pair, the measurement current signal has taken place to change and has made current signal become voltage signal, by A/D change-over circuit 2 this analog voltage signal is converted to digital signal again through accurate sampling resistor 19, be input to microcomputer system 5, export corresponding Faradaic current by computer system control, power at electrolytic anode and bear the bromine that bromine consumes with postreaction.
2Br
－－2e→Br
2
Measure the required electric weight of supplement consumed bromine by microsystem 5 again, according to Faraday's laws of electrolysis, handle through microsystem 5, instrument promptly shows and prints the bromine valency or the bromine index of sample.
The circuit connecting mode and the technical characterstic of each several part are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structured flowchart of the utility model Microcoulomb instrument.
Accompanying drawing 2 is to measure amplifying circuit 1 structural drawing.
Accompanying drawing 3 is A/D change-over circuit 2 structured flowcharts.
Accompanying drawing 6 is structured flowcharts of microcomputer system 5.
Accompanying drawing 7 is structured flowcharts of keyboard 6, display unit 7, printer 8.
In the structured flowchart of accompanying drawing 1, the input end of measuring amplifying circuit 1 links to each other to 9,10 with potential electrode, and output terminal links to each other with A/D change-over circuit 2, and links to each other with microcomputer system 5 through A/D change-over circuit 2.The input end that Faradaic current is isolated sample circuit 3 links to each other to 11,12 with electrolysis electrode, and output terminal links to each other with A/D change-over circuit 2 and electrolysis power circuit 4, and links to each other with microcomputer system 5 thus.Microcomputer system 5 links to each other with electrolysis power circuit 4, A/D change-over circuit 2, display unit 7, keyboard 6 and printer 8 respectively.
The measurement amplifying circuit 1 of accompanying drawing 2 mainly is by single supply operational amplifier 13(LM358), resistance is that input resistance 30,31, the feedback resistance 32 of the constant current resistance 14 of 1.2M, accurate sampling resistor 15 that resistance is 10K and operational amplifier 13 constitutes.The characteristics that this circuit structure has amplifier input impedance height, zero point and temperature drift is low, measure current constant, gain amplifier is steady.It has overcome inevitable weakness such as the sensitivity that the universal transistor direct current amplifier had of available technology adopting is low, noise big, drift, and the sensitivity of instrument is compared with it with stability and is greatly improved.
The A/D change-over circuit 2 of accompanying drawing 3 mainly is made of 8 integrated converter ADC0809 of successive comparison, and this converter is respectively with single-chip microcomputer 29(8031) and I/O expansion interface circuit 16(8255) link to each other.This circuit is converted to digital signal with the analog voltage signal of measuring-signal and Faradaic current sampled signal, and its slewing rate is 100 μ S/ time, the error per mille, so conversion accuracy can satisfy the analysis requirement fully.
It mainly is by photoelectrical coupler 17(TIL117 that the Faradaic current of accompanying drawing 4 is isolated sample circuit 3), resistance is that the integrating resistor 18 of 500 Ω potentiometers, the accurate sampling resistor 19 that resistance is 25 Ω, the elements such as current-limiting resistance 20 that resistance is 270 Ω constitute.Adopt the circuit of this structure can avoid forceful electric power to separate the interference of electric current to potential electrode, its isolation effect greatly improves than the ZB mechanical vibrator chopper partition method of model micro coulomb instruments such as YS-2A or YS-3, has also improved the Faradaic current sampling precision simultaneously.
The electrolysis power circuit 4 of accompanying drawing 5 is mainly by triode 21(NPN 3DD15), stabilivolt 22(ZDW17) and dc solid-state relay 23(JGX-1FA) constitute.The base stage of NPN triode 21 is by stabilivolt 22(2DW17) stabilize to 10V, dc solid-state relay 23(JGX-1FA) is serially connected in the collector loop, and it is closed at a high speed under software control, it is identical and the changeable high-frequency impulse of width obtains the Faradaic current that varies in size thus that stable collector current is cut into amplitude.The circuit of this structure has little, the big or small characteristics that are easy to control of Faradaic current time lag.Adopt V-f changing of transformation power frequency and the structure circuit that adopts waver to change size of current to compare with above-mentioned YS-2A or YS-3 Microcoulomb instrument, its superiority is tangible.
Accompanying drawing 6 is that the circuit of microcomputer system 5 comprises single-chip microcomputer 29(8031), EPROM24(2764), address latch 25(LS373), I/O expanded circuit 16(8255A), data latches 26(74 LS 377) and shift register 27(74 LS 164).Microcomputer system 5 is cores of instrumentation control system, and it is the collection of control survey signal and the size of Faradaic current not only, but also data are handled, and can improve sensitivity, accuracy and the stability of instrument on bigger degree.
Compare with the universal Microcoulomb instrument of the models such as existing YS-2A, YS-3, the advantage of the utility model Microcoulomb instrument is as follows:
1, measurement amplifying circuit of the present utility model has been owing to adopted single supply op device LM358, constant current resistance and accurate sampling resistor, measures that sampled signal is more accurate, noise and drift be also littler.
2, the utility model has adopted the most effective Faradaic current isolation sample circuits such as photoelectrical coupler, has overcome the interference of the indeterminable forceful electric power solution of ZB mechanical chopper electric current to measurement electrode, and electrolysis, measurement can be coordinated to carry out.
3, the utility model has used the voltage stabilizing of NPN transistor base, colelctor electrode current stabilization in the electrolysis power circuit, and is connected in series dc solid-state relay (DCSSR) technology in this loop. Control the electrolysis pulse with the mode of DC relay cutting collector current under microcomputer control, the amplitude that produces thus is identical, the current impulse of variable-width, thereby Faradaic current is changed with the measuring-signal size, has improved simultaneously the precision of current sample.
4, the utility model has adopted microcomputer, and all processes such as measurement-electrolysis, data processing are controlled by microcomputer, and has result's demonstration and printing function, has improved sensitivity, the degree of accuracy and the automaticity of instrument.
5, the utlity model has accurate endpoint function, titration end-point has solved the difficult difficulty of judging of volumetric precipitation method, potentiometric titration and existing microcoulomb method terminal point by the microcomputer automatic decision, operates more easy.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of Microcoulomb instrument that is used to measure oil and petrochemicals bromine valency and bromine index, include circuit such as measuring amplification, measurement-electrolysis isolation, Faradaic current conversion, it is characterized in that it be by measure amplifying circuit 1, A/D change-over circuit 2, Faradaic current isolate sample circuit 3, electrolysis power circuit 4, microcomputer system 5, keyboard 6, display unit 7, printer 8 and potential electrode to 9,10, electrolysis electrode is to the microcomputer-controlled microcoulomb analysers that partly constitute such as 11,12, the connected mode of each several part is:
(1) input end of measurement amplifying circuit 1 links to each other to 9,10 with potential electrode, and output terminal links to each other with A/D change-over circuit 2, and links to each other with microcomputer system 5 through A/D change-over circuit 2;
(2) input end of Faradaic current isolation sample circuit 3 links to each other to 11,12 with electrolysis electrode, and output terminal links to each other with A/D change-over circuit 2 and electrolysis power circuit 4;
(3) microcomputer system 5 links to each other with electrolysis power circuit 4, A/D change-over circuit 2, display unit 7, keyboard 6 and printer 8 respectively.
2,, it is characterized in that said measurement amplifying circuit 1 is that input resistance 30,31, feedback resistance 32 by operational amplifier 13, constant current resistance 14, accurate sampling resistor 15 and operational amplifier 13 constitutes according to the Microcoulomb instrument of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that said A/D change-over circuit 2 is serves as main to constitute with integrated (AD) converter, links to each other with single-chip microcomputer 29 and I/O expanded circuit 16 respectively according to the Microcoulomb instrument of claim 1.
4,, it is characterized in that it is to be made of photoelectrical coupler 17, integrating resistor 18, accurate sampling resistor 19 and current-limiting resistance 20 etc. that said Faradaic current is isolated sample circuit 3 according to the Microcoulomb instrument of claim 1.
5,, it is characterized in that said electrolysis power circuit 4 is by triode 21(NPN according to the Microcoulomb instrument of claim 1), formation such as stabilivolt 22 and dc solid-state relay 23.
6,, it is characterized in that said microcomputer system 5 is to be made of single-chip microcomputer 29, EP ROM24, address latch 25, I/O expanded circuit 16, shift register 27 and data latches 26 etc. according to the Microcoulomb instrument of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94202080 CN2188768Y (en) | 1994-02-02 | 1994-02-02 | Micro coulometer for measuring bromine valency and bromine index |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94202080 CN2188768Y (en) | 1994-02-02 | 1994-02-02 | Micro coulometer for measuring bromine valency and bromine index |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2188768Y true CN2188768Y (en) | 1995-02-01 |
Family
ID=33821962
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94202080 Expired - Lifetime CN2188768Y (en) | 1994-02-02 | 1994-02-02 | Micro coulometer for measuring bromine valency and bromine index |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2188768Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103364474A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-23 | 湖南致力工程科技有限公司 | Potentiometric-titration-based method for detecting doping amount of modifying agent in modified asphalt |
| CN113406175A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-17 | 内蒙古伊泰煤制油有限责任公司 | Method for detecting bromine parameters and method for evaluating quality of petroleum products |
-
1994
- 1994-02-02 CN CN 94202080 patent/CN2188768Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103364474A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-23 | 湖南致力工程科技有限公司 | Potentiometric-titration-based method for detecting doping amount of modifying agent in modified asphalt |
| CN113406175A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-17 | 内蒙古伊泰煤制油有限责任公司 | Method for detecting bromine parameters and method for evaluating quality of petroleum products |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |