CN218864722U - Device for drying grain and oil crops by adopting natural ventilation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a device for drying grain and oil crops by adopting natural ventilation. The device is equipped with the lifting machine on the stand admittedly, the top of lifting machine is equipped with out hopper, discharging pipe admittedly, the bottom and the feeding storehouse of lifting machine are linked together, the bottom of feed bin is provided with n and goes up the takeover, all be equipped with the gauze tube on every goes up the takeover, the corresponding takeover down that is equipped with of the gauze tube other end, be equipped with discharge valve on the takeover down, lower takeover is linked together with the storehouse of collecting storage, be equipped with horizontal conveyor and lifting conveyor below the storehouse of collecting storage, lifting conveyor is linked together with the material storage storehouse, be equipped with longitudinal movement mechanism, lateral shifting mechanism and material flattening mechanism on stand and the back timber. The device adopts the lifting machine to carry the material to the feed bin in, utilizes gravity to make the even gauze tube that falls into of material, through natural draft with the material drying, and reasonable in design, convenient operation, dry material handling capacity is big, and drying effect is good, has alleviateed operating personnel's intensity of labour.

Description

Device for drying grain and oil crops by adopting natural ventilation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a grain drying technology field, in particular to adopt device of natural draft drying grain and oil class crop.

Background

Grain and oil crops include: rice, wheat crops (such as barley, wheat, buckwheat and oat), corn, millet, sorghum, various bean crops (such as soybean, mung bean and red bean), rapeseed, sesame and other crops. Grain and oil crops harvested in most areas of China all contain high moisture and cannot reach the standard of safe storage, so the grain and oil crops can be stored only by being dried after being harvested, the moisture content of the grain and oil crops is reduced after the grain and oil crops are dried, the energy consumption generated by the self-respiration of the grain and oil crops can be reduced by reducing the moisture content, and the situation that the grain and oil crops germinate and mildew due to the fact that the moisture content of the grain and oil crops is too high is avoided. The drying of the grain and oil crops is to give the grain and oil crops certain forms of energy through a drying medium, so that a part of water in the grain and oil crops is vaporized and spilled. The basic conditions for achieving the drying process are the transfer, conversion and consumption of energy. In the prior art, the grain and oil crops are generally dried by adopting a roller or hot air, and during the hot air drying, air or fuel oil is heated by electric energy to generate hot air so as to dry the grain and oil crops, or the air is heated by heat energy generated by solar energy to dry the grain and oil crops. When the grain and oil crops are dried by adopting the electric energy or fuel oil drying equipment, the energy consumption is high, the amount of the grain and oil crops to be dried at one time is small, the drying effect is poor, the loading and unloading are inconvenient, and meanwhile, the noise generated when the drying equipment is operated is large, and the occupied area is large. When the solar equipment is adopted for drying, the supporting equipment for converting solar energy into electric energy and heating air is more, and the investment is larger.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing an adopt device of natural draft dry grain and oil class crop. The utility model discloses the required technical problem who solves is: the material is conveyed to the lower storage bin of each drying unit by the elevator, the rotating shaft and the blades are driven by the rotating motor, the material uniformly falls into the screen pipe by gravity, the material in the screen pipe is dried by natural ventilation, and the material in the lower storage bin of each drying unit is paved by the longitudinal moving mechanism and the transverse moving mechanism, so that the material in the lower storage bin is more smoothly discharged.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

an apparatus for drying grain and oil crops using natural ventilation, comprising: lifting machine, the stand, go up the takeover, lower feed bin, go out the hopper, the discharging pipe, floor ground, the screen pipe, take over down, material storage storehouse, promote the conveyer belt, horizontal transfer area, the storehouse of gathering together, the feeding storehouse, discharge valve, the crossbeam, the back timber, the roof, four layers of ground, three-layer ground, one deck ground, two layers of ground, the clamp, the fish tail nut, the gauze card platform, the canopy that keeps off the rain, the guardrail, the control room, longitudinal movement mechanism, lateral movement mechanism and material leveling mechanism, wherein longitudinal movement mechanism includes: longitudinal rail, left longitudinal movement motor, motor mount table, longitudinal motor connecting rod, right longitudinal movement motor, movable pulley, erection column, lateral shifting mechanism includes: lateral shifting motor, chain, from driving wheel, horizontal dead lever, from driving wheel mount table, action wheel, connecting piece, the mechanism is paved to the material includes: the device comprises a rotary motor mounting table, blades, a rotating rod and a rotary motor, wherein a lifting machine is fixedly arranged on an upright post, a discharge hopper is fixedly arranged at the top of the lifting machine, a discharge pipe is fixedly arranged on the discharge hopper, a feeding bin is arranged on the lower layer of the upright post, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the feeding bin, the bottom of the lifting machine is communicated with the feeding bin, a lower bin is arranged between floor ground and a top beam, n upper connecting pipes are arranged at the bottom of the lower bin, a screen pipe is arranged on each upper connecting pipe, a lower connecting pipe is correspondingly arranged at the other end of the screen pipe, the lower connecting pipe is fixedly arranged on the ground, a discharge valve is arranged on the lower connecting pipe, a collecting bin is arranged on the lower layer of the bottom of the lower connecting pipe, the lower connecting pipe is communicated with the collecting bin, a horizontal conveying belt is arranged below the collecting bin, one end of the horizontal conveying belt is communicated with a lifting conveying belt, the lifting conveying belt is communicated with a material storage bin, a longitudinal moving mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism and a material paving mechanism are arranged on the upright post and the top beam, and a material paving mechanism, and a drying unit is formed by one lower bin, the n screen pipes and one collecting bin.

The structure of the longitudinal moving mechanism in the device comprises: two longitudinal guide rails are fixedly arranged on the stand columns on two sides of the drying unit respectively, a motor mounting table is fixedly arranged at the top of each longitudinal guide rail, one end of each motor mounting table is connected with a transverse fixing rod through a mounting column, a left longitudinal moving motor is fixedly arranged on the left motor mounting table, a right longitudinal moving motor is fixedly arranged on the right motor mounting table, longitudinal motor connecting rods are fixedly arranged on the left longitudinal moving motor and the right longitudinal moving motor, sliding wheels are fixedly arranged at the end parts of the longitudinal motor connecting rods, and the sliding wheels drive the longitudinal moving mechanism to move along the longitudinal guide rails through movement on the longitudinal guide rails.

The structure of the transverse moving mechanism in the device comprises: the end part of the longitudinal guide rail is fixedly provided with a transverse fixing rod, the left motor mounting platform is fixedly provided with a transverse moving motor, an output shaft of the transverse moving motor is fixedly provided with a driving wheel, the right motor mounting platform is fixedly provided with a driven wheel mounting platform, the driven wheel mounting platform is fixedly provided with a driven wheel, the driving wheel is connected with a rotating motor mounting platform and the driven wheel through a chain, the rotating motor mounting platform is sleeved with the transverse fixing rod through a connecting piece, and the transverse moving motor drives the rotating motor mounting platform to move left and right along the transverse fixing rod through the driving wheel, the chain and the driven wheel.

Its structure of material paving mechanism in the device includes: the rotating motor is fixedly arranged on the rotating motor mounting table, the blade is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating rod, and the end part of the rotating rod is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotating motor through a coupler.

The end part of an upper connecting pipe in the device is provided with a gauze clamping table, a gauze pipe is fixedly arranged on the upper connecting pipe through a hoop and a fishtail nut of the gauze pipe clamping table, the other end of the gauze pipe penetrates through rectangular through holes formed in each layer of the ground, and the gauze pipe is fixedly arranged on a lower connecting pipe through the hoop and the fishtail nut of the gauze clamping table.

The device is equipped with the roof at the top of stand and back timber admittedly, is provided with the crossbeam between each stand, is provided with one deck ground, two layers of ground, three-layer ground and four layers of ground between back timber and the bottom respectively, and the outer top on each layer of ground all is equipped with the canopy that keeps off firmly, and each layer of subaerial rectangle through-hole of all opening the size unanimous all, all is provided with the guardrail around every rectangle through-hole, all does not set up the enclosure around each layer of ground. The number of transverse and longitudinal drying units in the drying workshop and the number of workshop floors can be increased according to the condition of the workshop site and the requirement of the material drying scale.

The hoister, the left longitudinal moving motor, the transverse moving motor, the rotating motor, the right longitudinal moving motor, the hoisting conveyor belt and the horizontal conveyor belt in the device are respectively connected with a control console in a control room through cables.

The screen pipes in the device are made of soft and durable materials, the mesh number of the screen pipes is determined according to the particle size of the dried material, the mesh number of the screen pipes used for the material with large particles is lower, and the mesh number of the screen pipes used for the material with small particles, such as rapeseed, sesame and other materials, is higher. The smooth ventilation is ensured, and meanwhile, the materials are prevented from leaking out of the gauze tube.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that;

1. the device adopts a lifter to convey materials into the discharging bins of each drying unit, drives a rotating shaft and blades through a rotating motor, uniformly drops the materials into a screen pipe by utilizing gravity, and dries the materials in the screen pipe through natural ventilation;

2. the device can be used for paving the materials in the discharging bins of each drying unit through the movement of the longitudinal moving mechanism and the transverse moving mechanism, so that the materials in the discharging bins are not accumulated and the discharging is smoother;

3. rectangular through holes are formed in the ground of each floor of the device, so that a gauze tube arranged at the bottom of a discharging bin of a drying workshop can be directly transferred to the bottom of the drying workshop from the bottom of the discharging bin and is communicated with a material collecting bin;

4. the device is not provided with enclosing walls around a drying workshop and is only provided with guardrails, so that ventilation in the drying workshop is facilitated, and rain shelters are arranged at the tops of floors to prevent rain and snow from entering;

5. the device conveys the dried materials through the horizontal conveyor belt and the lifting conveyor belt, so that the dried materials can be conveyed to the storage bin in time for storage;

6. the device adopts natural ventilation to dry the materials, thereby reducing the energy consumption and simultaneously reducing unnecessary damage to the dried materials;

7. the device has reasonable design, convenient operation and high automation degree, reduces the number of operators and lightens the labor intensity of the operators;

8. the device has the advantages of large treatment capacity of drying materials, good drying effect and convenient popularization and application in the field of drying of grain and oil materials.

Drawings

The drawings that are required to describe the technology of the present invention in the embodiments for clarity are briefly described. The drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that other embodiments can be derived from the provided drawings without inventive effort.

The drawings shown in the present specification are only used for matching the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to allow those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used for limiting the practical limitations of the present invention, and any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope covered by the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an apparatus for naturally air drying oil-based grain crops;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the apparatus for natural draft drying of oil-based grain crops;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the transverse moving mechanism and the longitudinal moving mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the longitudinal movement and the longitudinal guide rail;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a drying plant structure;

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the portion A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 isbase:Sub>A schematic top view of the section A-A in FIG. 5;

fig. 8 is a block diagram showing connection between the motors, the conveyor belt, and the control room.

In the figure: 1. a lifter, 2, a column, 3, an upper connecting pipe, 4, a lower hopper, 5, a discharge hopper, 6, a discharge pipe, 7, a longitudinal guide rail, 8, a left longitudinal moving motor, 9, a transverse moving motor, 10, a rotating motor mounting table, 11, a chain, 12, a driven wheel, 13, a motor mounting table, 14, a transverse fixing rod, 15, a driven wheel mounting table, 16, a blade, 17, a rotating rod, 18, a floor ground, 19, a gauze pipe, 20, a lower connecting pipe, 21, a material storage bin, 22, a lifting conveying belt, 23 and a horizontal conveying belt, 24, a material collecting bin 25, a material feeding bin 26, a material inlet 27, a material outlet valve 28, a cross beam 29, a top beam 30, a longitudinal motor connecting rod 31, a driving wheel 32, a rotating motor 33, a right longitudinal moving motor 34, a sliding wheel 35, a mounting column 36, a connecting piece 37, a roof 38, four layers of ground 39, three layers of ground 40, one layer of ground 41, two layers of ground 42, a hoop 43, a fishtail nut 44, a gauze clamping table 45, a rain shelter 46, a guardrail 47, a rectangular through hole 48 and a control room.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the assembly and connection of the apparatus, as exemplified by the assembly of a drying unit. An upper discharge hopper 5 is fixedly arranged at the top of an elevator 1, a discharge pipe 6 is welded on the discharge hopper 5, the elevator 1 is fixedly arranged on an upright post 2, the discharge pipe 6 at the top of the elevator 1 extends into a lower feed bin 4, the bottom of the elevator 1 is communicated with a feed bin 25, n upper connecting pipes 3 at the bottom of the lower feed bin 4 are all provided with a gauze pipe 19, and the other end of the gauze pipe 19 is correspondingly and fixedly arranged with a lower connecting pipe 20 fixedly arranged on the ground. A horizontal conveyor belt 23 is arranged at the lower part of a material collecting bin 24 at the negative layer of the drying unit, one end of the horizontal conveyor belt 23 is communicated with a lifting conveyor belt 22, and the lifting conveyor belt 22 is communicated with a material storage bin 21.

Two longitudinal guide rails 7 are fixedly installed on the upright posts 2 on two sides of the drying unit respectively, two motor installation platforms 13 are fixedly installed at the top of each longitudinal guide rail 7 respectively, one end of each motor installation platform 13 is connected with a transverse fixing rod 14 through an installation post 35, the left longitudinal moving motor 8 is fixedly installed on the left motor installation platform 13, the right longitudinal moving motor 33 is fixedly installed on the right motor installation platform 13, and sliding wheels 34 at the end parts of longitudinal motor connecting rods 30 on the left longitudinal moving motor 8 and the right longitudinal moving motor 33 are connected with the longitudinal guide rails 7 respectively.

The transverse fixing rod 14 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the longitudinal guide rail 7, the transverse moving motor 9 is fixedly arranged on the left motor mounting table 13, the driving wheel 31 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the transverse moving motor 9, the driven wheel mounting table 15 is fixedly arranged on the right motor mounting table 13, the driven wheel 12 is fixedly arranged on the driven wheel mounting table 15, the driving wheel 31 is connected with the rotating motor mounting table 10 and the driven wheel 12 through a chain 11, and the rotating motor mounting table 10 is sleeved with the transverse fixing rod 14 through a connecting piece 36.

The rotating motor 32 is fixedly arranged on the rotating motor installation table 10, the rotating shaft of the rotating motor 32 is connected with the end part of the rotating rod 17 through a coupling, and the blade 16 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating rod 17.

In the device, the end parts of the upper connecting pipe 3 and the lower connecting pipe 20 are respectively provided with a gauze clamping table 44, the gauze pipe 19 is fixedly arranged on the upper connecting pipe 3 by using a hoop 42 and a fishtail nut 43 through the gauze clamping table 44, the other end of the gauze pipe 19 penetrates through a rectangular through hole 47 formed on each layer of ground, and the gauze pipe 19 is fixedly arranged on the lower connecting pipe 20 by adopting the same method as the upper connecting pipe 3.

The drying unit is installed in a drying workshop, a roof 37 is fixedly installed on the tops of the upright posts 2 and the top beam 29 in the drying workshop, cross beams 28 are arranged between the upright posts 2, a first floor 40, a second floor 41, a third floor 39 and a fourth floor 38 are respectively arranged between the top beam 29 and the bottom layer, a rain shelter 45 is fixedly installed on the outer top of each floor, rectangular through holes 47 with the same size are formed in each floor, a guardrail 46 is arranged around each rectangular through hole 47, and no enclosing wall is arranged around each floor. The number of transverse and longitudinal drying units in the drying workshop and the number of workshop floors can be increased according to the condition of the workshop site and the requirement of the material drying scale.

The hoist 1, the left longitudinal moving motor 8, the transverse moving motor 9, the rotating motor 32, the right longitudinal moving motor 33, the hoisting conveyor belt 22 and the horizontal conveyor belt 23 in the drying unit are respectively connected with a control console corresponding to the drying unit in a control room 48 by cables.

Before the device is used, the technological parameters are respectively input into the elevator 1, the left longitudinal moving motor 8, the transverse moving motor 9, the rotating motor 32, the right longitudinal moving motor 33, the lifting conveyor belt 22 and the horizontal conveyor belt 23, and all the discharge valves 27 arranged on the lower connecting pipe 20 are closed. The now dry material is transported by the transport vehicle through the feed opening 26 to the feed bin 25 for use. During operation, an operator in the control room 48 sends an instruction to the hoisting machine 1 of the drying unit through the control console, the hoisting machine 1 starts to work, and materials in the feeding bin 25 are conveyed into the discharging bin 4 through the discharging hopper 5 and the discharging pipe 6. After the material enters the lower storage bin 4, the material enters the gauze tube 19 through the upper connecting tube 3. When the materials in the feeding bin 4 are stacked, an operator sends a working instruction to the rotating motor 32 through the control console, and the rotating motor 32 drives the rotating rod 17 and the blades 16 to work, so that the stacked materials in the feeding bin 4 are paved, and the materials can smoothly enter the screen pipe 19. When the rotating motor 32 needs to move transversely in the blanking bin 4, an operator sends a working instruction to the transverse moving motor 9 through the control console, the transverse moving motor 9 drives the driving wheel 31 to rotate, the driving wheel 31 drives the rotating motor installation platform 10 to move through the chain 11 and the driven wheel 12, and therefore the rotating motor 32 installed on the rotating motor installation platform 10 moves leftwards and rightwards along the transverse fixing rod 14. When all the screen pipes 19 in the drying unit are full of materials, an operator in the control room 48 sends a feeding stop instruction to the elevator 1 through the control console, and sends a work stop instruction to the transverse moving motor 9 and the rotating motor 32 at the same time, the elevator 1 stops feeding the discharging bin 4, the rotating motor 32 stops working, and the transverse moving motor 9 drives the rotating motor mounting platform 10 to return to the initial position. The feeding work of the drying unit is completed completely.

When the feeding operation of one drying unit is completed, the next drying unit needs to be fed, an operator in the control room 48 sends an instruction to the elevator 1 of the drying unit through the console, and the elevator 1 of the drying unit starts to operate, and the feeding operation is performed according to the same feeding steps. The feeding operation is not stopped until all the drying units in the drying plant have been fed.

After the material is dried in the drying unit by natural ventilation for 5-7 days (the drying time required in winter is relatively long, generally 8-15 days), the worker takes a sample from the gauze tube 19 by using a sampler, and the water content of the sample is detected. When the water content of the material meets the requirement, an operator starts the horizontal conveyor belt 23 and the lifting conveyor belt 22 through the control console to work, and simultaneously opens the discharge valve 27 arranged on the lower connecting pipe 20, so that the material in the gauze pipe 19 enters the material collecting bin 24 under the action of gravity, and the material in the material collecting bin 24 is conveyed to the material storage bin 21 through the horizontal conveyor belt 23 and the lifting conveyor belt 22 to be stored or conveyed after being packaged.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical conception and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the technical spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An apparatus for drying grain and oil crops using natural ventilation, comprising: lifting machine (1), stand (2), go up takeover (3), feed bin (4) down, go out hopper (5), discharging pipe (6), floor ground (18), gauze pipe (19), lower takeover (20), material storage bin (21), promote conveyer belt (22), horizontal conveyor (23), aggregate bin (24), feeding storehouse (25), discharge valve (27), crossbeam (28), back timber (29), roof (37), four layers of ground (38), three-layer ground (39), one deck ground (40), two layers of ground (41), clamp (42), fish tail nut (43), gauze ka tai (44), weather shed (45), guardrail (46), control room (48), longitudinal movement mechanism, transverse movement mechanism and material leveling mechanism, wherein longitudinal movement mechanism includes: longitudinal rail (7), left longitudinal movement motor (8), motor mount table (13), longitudinal motor connecting rod (30), right longitudinal movement motor (33), movable pulley (34), erection column (35), transverse movement mechanism includes: lateral shifting motor (9), chain (11), follow driving wheel (12), horizontal dead lever (14), follow driving wheel mount table (15), action wheel (31), connecting piece (36), the material mechanism of paving includes: rotating electrical machines mount table (10), blade (16), dwang (17), rotating electrical machines (32), characterized by: the device is characterized in that a lifting machine (1) is fixedly arranged on an upright post (2), a discharge hopper (5) is fixedly arranged at the top of the lifting machine (1), a discharge pipe (6) is fixedly arranged on the discharge hopper (5), a feeding bin (25) is arranged on a layer below the upright post (2), a feeding port (26) is arranged at the top of the feeding bin (25), the bottom of the lifting machine (1) is communicated with the feeding bin (25), a lower bin (4) is arranged between a floor (18) and a top beam (29), n upper connecting pipes (3) are arranged at the bottom of the lower bin (4), a gauze pipe (19) is arranged on each upper connecting pipe (3), a lower connecting pipe (20) is correspondingly arranged at the other end of each gauze pipe (19), a horizontal conveyor belt (23) is arranged below the lower connecting pipe (20), a discharge valve (27) is arranged on the floor, a layer below the lower connecting pipe (20) is provided with a collecting bin (24), the lower connecting pipe (20) is communicated with the collecting bin (24), one end of the horizontal conveyor belt (23) is communicated with a lifting conveyor belt (22), the lifting conveyor belt (22) is communicated with the storage bin (21), a material laying mechanism and a material laying mechanism are arranged on the upright post (29), a drying unit is composed of a lifting machine (1), a blanking bin (4), a set of longitudinal moving mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a material paving mechanism, n gauze tubes (19) and a collecting bin (24).

2. The apparatus for drying food and oil crops using natural draft of claim 1, wherein: the structure of the longitudinal moving mechanism in the device comprises: two longitudinal guide rails (7) are fixedly arranged on upright posts (2) on two sides of a drying unit respectively, a motor mounting table (13) is fixedly arranged at the top of each longitudinal guide rail (7), one end of each motor mounting table (13) is connected with a transverse fixing rod (14) through a mounting column (35), a left longitudinal moving motor (8) is fixedly arranged on the left motor mounting table (13), a right longitudinal moving motor (33) is fixedly arranged on the right motor mounting table (13), longitudinal motor connecting rods (30) are fixedly arranged on the left longitudinal moving motor (8) and the right longitudinal moving motor (33), sliding wheels (34) are fixedly arranged at the end parts of the longitudinal motor connecting rods (30), and the sliding wheels (34) drive a longitudinal moving mechanism to move along the longitudinal guide rails (7) through movement on the longitudinal guide rails (7).

3. The apparatus for drying food and oil crops using natural draft of claim 1, wherein: the structure of the transverse moving mechanism in the device comprises: a transverse fixing rod (14) is fixedly arranged at the end part of a longitudinal guide rail (7), a transverse moving motor (9) is fixedly arranged on a left motor mounting table (13), a driving wheel (31) is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the transverse moving motor (9), a driven wheel mounting table (15) is fixedly arranged on a right motor mounting table (13), a driven wheel (12) is fixedly arranged on the driven wheel mounting table (15), the driving wheel (31) is connected with a rotating motor mounting table (10) and the driven wheel (12) through a chain (11), the rotating motor mounting table (10) is sleeved with the transverse fixing rod (14) through a connecting piece (36), and the transverse moving motor (9) drives the rotating motor mounting table (10) to move left and right along the transverse fixing rod (14) through the driving wheel (31), the chain (11) and the driven wheel (12).

4. The apparatus for drying food and oil crops using natural draft of claim 1, wherein: its structure of material paving mechanism in the device includes: a rotating motor (32) is fixedly arranged on the rotating motor mounting table (10), a blade (16) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating rod (17), and the end part of the rotating rod (17) is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotating motor (32) through a coupler.

5. The apparatus for drying food and oil crops using natural draft of claim 1, wherein: the end parts of the upper connecting pipe (3) and the lower connecting pipe (20) in the device are provided with gauze clamping tables (44), gauze pipes (19) are fixedly installed on the upper connecting pipe (3) through the gauze clamping tables (44) by using hoops (42) and fishtail nuts (43), the other ends of the gauze pipes (19) penetrate through rectangular through holes (47) formed in the ground of each layer, and the gauze pipes (19) are fixedly installed on the lower connecting pipe (20) through the gauze clamping tables (44) by using the hoops (42) and the fishtail nuts (43).

6. The apparatus for drying food and oil crops using natural draft of claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized in that a roof (37) is fixedly arranged at the tops of stand columns (2) and a top beam (29), cross beams (28) are arranged between the stand columns (2), a layer of ground (40), a layer of ground (41), a layer of ground (39) and a layer of ground (38) are respectively arranged between the top beam (29) and a bottom layer, a rain shelter (45) is fixedly arranged at the outer top of each layer of ground, rectangular through holes (47) with the same size are formed in each layer of ground, guardrails (46) are arranged around each rectangular through hole (47), and enclosing walls are not arranged around each layer of ground.

7. The apparatus for drying food and oil crops using natural draft of claim 1, wherein: a lifting machine (1), a left longitudinal moving motor (8), a transverse moving motor (9), a rotating motor (32), a right longitudinal moving motor (33), a lifting conveyor belt (22) and a horizontal conveyor belt (23) in the device are respectively connected with a control console in a control room (48) through cables.

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