CN218678485U - Short-circuit starting protection circuit - Google Patents
Short-circuit starting protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN218678485U CN218678485U CN202222573771.2U CN202222573771U CN218678485U CN 218678485 U CN218678485 U CN 218678485U CN 202222573771 U CN202222573771 U CN 202222573771U CN 218678485 U CN218678485 U CN 218678485U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a short circuit start protection circuit, including switch module, discharge module and voltage detection module, switch module's control end is used for inserting the MCU treater, switch module's output with the control end electricity of discharge module is connected, the input and the group battery electricity of discharge module are connected, the output and the external load electricity of discharge module are connected, voltage detection module's sense terminal with the output electricity of discharge module is connected, and voltage detection module's control end with the MCU treater electricity is connected. The utility model relates to a short circuit start protection circuit, when MCU treater output control signal, then can control switching module and voltage detection module switch on, and then can switch on the module that discharges to can realize discharging to the group battery, voltage detection module also can be in time detect the voltage of output moreover, thereby can in time judge whether the condition of short circuit appears, improve circuit's reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a battery protection shield field especially relates to a short circuit start protection circuit.
Background
In the use process of a battery product, if a discharge port of the battery is short-circuited, when the battery is started, a very large short-circuit current can be generated, so that the temperature of components of a discharge loop is rapidly increased, and even the components and the battery are burnt. Therefore, almost all battery control circuits are provided with 'short-circuit startup protection circuits', and a discharge loop is cut off in time after a battery discharge port is short-circuited, so as to protect the battery. Therefore, the short-circuit power-on protection circuit with simple structure and stable and reliable function is designed to be very promising in the market of electronic products.
The traditional short-circuit starting-up protection circuit adopts a current detection scheme, and an MOS tube of a discharge loop is turned off after the discharge current reaches a threshold value and lasts for a period of time. The battery is started under the condition of external short circuit, the MOS tube of the discharge loop generates switching loss and accumulates heat through the action of closing and opening in a short time, the selection of the MOS tube has higher requirements, the number of the MOS tubes can be increased to ensure the normal starting protection function of the short circuit, and the design cost of the battery is greatly increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the weak point among the prior art, provide a simple structure, reliable and stable function, low cost's short circuit start protection circuit.
The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:
a short-circuit power-on protection circuit, comprising: the control end of the switch module is used for being connected into the MCU processor, the output end of the switch module is electrically connected with the control end of the discharge module, the input end of the discharge module is electrically connected with the battery pack, the output end of the discharge module is electrically connected with an external load, the detection end of the voltage detection module is electrically connected with the output end of the discharge module, and the control end of the voltage detection module is electrically connected with the MCU processor.
Preferably, the switch module includes a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and a transistor Q3, one end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the output end of the MCU processor, the other end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the resistor R6 and the base of the transistor Q3, the collector of the transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the discharge module, and the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded.
Preferably, the discharging module comprises a conduction unit and a voltage division unit, the control end of the conduction unit is electrically connected with the output end of the switch module, the input end of the conduction unit is electrically connected with the battery pack, the output end of the conduction unit is electrically connected with the voltage division unit, the output end of the voltage division unit is electrically connected with the voltage detection module, and the output end of the voltage division unit is also used for being electrically connected with an external load.
Preferably, the conducting unit includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to the switch module, the other end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q1 and the resistor R3, respectively, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the battery pack, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the voltage dividing unit.
Preferably, the voltage dividing unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a diode D1, the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in parallel, one end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to the conducting unit, the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to an anode of the diode D1, and a cathode of the diode D1 is configured to output a voltage.
Preferably, the voltage detection module comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8 and a triode Q2, one end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected with the output end of the MCU processor, the other end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected with the base of the triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q2 is electrically connected with the voltage dividing unit through the resistor R7, and the emitter of the triode Q2 is used for outputting the detection voltage.
Preferably, the voltage detection module further includes a resistor R9 and a capacitor C1, the resistor R9 is electrically connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2, and the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the resistor R9.
The utility model discloses compare in prior art's advantage and beneficial effect as follows:
the utility model relates to a short circuit start protection circuit, through setting up the switch module, discharge module and voltage detection module, when MCU treater output control signal, then can control switching on of switch module and voltage detection module, and then can switch on the module that discharges to can realize discharging to the group battery, the voltage of output also can be detected in time to the voltage detection module moreover, thereby can in time judge the condition whether the short circuit appears, improve circuit's reliability. And the utility model discloses a circuit adopts the triode, has cancelled the use of MOS pipe to can be so that its cost is comparatively cheap, and simple structure, the function of this circuit are reliable and stable, conveniently use widely.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a short-circuit power-on protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the short-circuit boot protection circuit according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a short-circuit boot protection circuit includes: the control end of the switch module is used for being connected into the MCU processor, the output end of the switch module is electrically connected with the control end of the discharge module, the input end of the discharge module is electrically connected with the battery pack, the output end of the discharge module is electrically connected with an external load, the detection end of the voltage detection module is electrically connected with the output end of the discharge module, and the control end of the voltage detection module is electrically connected with the MCU processor.
So, through setting up switch module, discharge module and voltage detection module, when MCU treater output control signal, then can control switching on of switch module and voltage detection module, and then can switch on the module that discharges to can realize discharging to the group battery, voltage detection module also can in time detect the voltage of output in addition, thereby can in time judge the condition of whether short circuit appears, improve circuit's reliability. And the utility model discloses a circuit adopts the triode, has cancelled the use of MOS pipe to can be so that its cost is comparatively cheap, and simple structure, the function of this circuit are reliable and stable, conveniently use widely.
In this embodiment, the switch module includes a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and a transistor Q3, one end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the output end of the MCU processor, the other end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the resistor R6 and the base of the transistor Q3, the collector of the transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the discharge module, and the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded.
In this embodiment, the module of discharging is including switching on unit and partial pressure unit, the control end that switches on the unit with switch module's output electricity is connected, the input that switches on the unit with the group battery electricity is connected, the output that switches on the unit with partial pressure unit electricity is connected, partial pressure unit's output with voltage detection module electricity is connected, partial pressure unit's output still is used for being connected with external load electricity.
In this embodiment, the conducting unit includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to the switch module, the other end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q1 through the resistor R3, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the battery pack, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the voltage dividing unit.
In this embodiment, the voltage dividing unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a diode D1, the resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2, one end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to the conducting unit, the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to an anode of the diode D1, and a cathode of the diode D1 is used for outputting a voltage.
In this embodiment, the voltage detection module includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8 and a transistor Q2, one end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected to the output end of the MCU processor, the other end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the voltage dividing unit via the resistor R7, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is used for outputting the detection voltage.
In this embodiment, the voltage detection module further includes a resistor R9 and a capacitor C1, the resistor R9 is electrically connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2, and the capacitor C1 is connected to the resistor R9 in parallel.
The working principle is as follows:
in a battery product with the full voltage of 42V, B + in the circuit is a total positive electrode of the battery, P + is a discharge output positive electrode of the battery, ON _ P + is an output control IO port of the MCU, and VOL _ P + is an input detection IO port of the MCU. When ON _ P + is at a high level, the triode Q3 is turned ON, so that the triode Q1 is turned ON, and current supplies power to an external load through the triode Q1, the resistor R1 and the resistor R2; meanwhile, the triode Q2 is turned on, and the voltage of P + is detected through VOL _ P +. And when the short circuit condition appears, the MCU treater can in time detect short-circuit voltage, and then realizes short-circuit protection.
Diode D1 prevents the high voltage of P + from going back to B + when the circuit is not enabled. The resistors R1 and R2 adopt 10K resistance values, 2000uF external capacitance is charged to 1V in 1S, and when the voltage of the MCU detecting P + is larger than 1V and lasts for a period of time, no external short circuit is judged. If the external short-circuit load resistance is smaller than 100 Ω, the voltage of P + will be smaller than 1V due to the voltage division of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and it is determined as an external short circuit. If the external short-circuit load resistance is greater than 100 omega and the voltage of P + is greater than 1V, the external short circuit is not judged to be absent, but the discharge current is small after the startup, so that thermal failure cannot be caused
The resistor R7 is 30K, the resistor R9 is 3K, the detection precision of P + at low voltage is guaranteed, and the detection threshold for judging whether short circuit occurs is 1V. The resistors R7 and R9 are proper in resistance value, the detection precision of P + in low voltage is guaranteed, and the detection threshold value for judging whether short circuit occurs is 1V. The resistor R1 and the resistor R2 of the discharge loop adopt conventional resistors with larger resistance values, and whether the discharge port is short-circuited can be effectively judged. The utility model discloses can realize short circuit start protection circuit's dependable performance, realize the protection of short circuit start, reduce manufacturing cost under the stable prerequisite of circuit function.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A short-circuit power-on protection circuit, comprising: the control end of the switch module is used for being connected into the MCU processor, the output end of the switch module is electrically connected with the control end of the discharge module, the input end of the discharge module is electrically connected with the battery pack, the output end of the discharge module is electrically connected with an external load, the detection end of the voltage detection module is electrically connected with the output end of the discharge module, and the control end of the voltage detection module is electrically connected with the MCU processor.
2. The short-circuit power-on protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switch module comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and a transistor Q3, one end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the MCU processor, the other end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the resistor R6 and the base of the transistor Q3, respectively, the collector of the transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the discharge module, and the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded.
3. The short-circuit power-on protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the discharging module includes a conducting unit and a voltage dividing unit, a control terminal of the conducting unit is electrically connected to an output terminal of the switching module, an input terminal of the conducting unit is electrically connected to the battery pack, an output terminal of the conducting unit is electrically connected to the voltage dividing unit, an output terminal of the voltage dividing unit is electrically connected to the voltage detecting module, and an output terminal of the voltage dividing unit is further used for being electrically connected to an external load.
4. The short-circuit power-on protection circuit according to claim 3, wherein the conducting unit includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to the switch module, the other end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to the resistor R3 and the base of the transistor Q1, respectively, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the battery pack, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the voltage dividing unit.
5. The short-circuit power-on protection circuit according to claim 3, wherein the voltage dividing unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a diode D1, the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in parallel, one end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to the conducting unit, the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to an anode of the diode D1, and a cathode of the diode D1 is used for outputting a voltage.
6. The short-circuit power-on protection circuit according to claim 3, wherein the voltage detection module includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8 and a transistor Q2, one end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the MCU processor, the other end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the voltage division unit via the resistor R7, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is configured to output a detection voltage.
7. The short-circuit power-on protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the voltage detection module further comprises a resistor R9 and a capacitor C1, the resistor R9 is electrically connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2, and the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the resistor R9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222573771.2U CN218678485U (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Short-circuit starting protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222573771.2U CN218678485U (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Short-circuit starting protection circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218678485U true CN218678485U (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222573771.2U Active CN218678485U (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Short-circuit starting protection circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218678485U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-09-27 CN CN202222573771.2U patent/CN218678485U/en active Active
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