CN213547473U

CN213547473U - Hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit

Info

Publication number: CN213547473U
Application number: CN202021540501.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 穆青云; 何建伟; 陈小兵; 黎小兵; 辛大勇
Original assignee: Kunshan Jiati Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Kunshan Jiati Information Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-30
Filing date: 2020-07-30
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-30

Abstract

The application discloses a hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit, which comprises a direct-current power supply circuit, an on-off control circuit, a key switch SW and a main control MCU; the master control MCU is provided with a power supply connection pin VDD, a key detection pin GPIO _ IN, an MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT and a clock pin SWCLK; the on-off control circuit is provided with a power supply input end, a level control end and a power supply output end; the power supply input end is connected with the output end of the direct current power supply circuit; the level control end is connected with the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT and is connected with the key switch SW through a first non-return unit in forward connection; the key detection pin GPIO _ IN is connected with the key switch SW through a second non-return unit which is connected IN the forward direction; the power supply output end is connected with a power supply connection pin VDD. The hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is simple in circuit structure and high in reliability.

Description

Hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of equipment startup and shutdown circuits, in particular to a hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit.

Background

With the development of electronic product technology, the electrical structure inside the electric equipment is more and more complex, and more electronic products are assembled by elements. In the electrical structure of electrical consumers, a switching control element is a component which is essential and also extremely important.

In the prior art, the working principle of a common power utilization device on-off element is that a system power supply is controlled to be turned on and off through a switch button, so that power-on and power-off of the device are realized. However, under the background that the structures and functions of the electric devices are more and more diversified, the one-key power on/off mode can cause the problem that the configuration data of the key process in progress of the electric devices is lost, and even the problem that the system is damaged occurs. Therefore, in view of protecting the safety of the electric equipment and improving the user experience, manufacturers of electronic components design the electronic component circuit for turning on and off the equipment in a mode that needs to trigger the turning on and off of the equipment after a switch button is pressed for a long time when designing products. This mode, in turn, makes the response speed of the power on/off process of some devices that do not need to store the configuration file slow, and brings about the problem of poor user experience.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at solving the above-mentioned technical problem, a quick on-off circuit of a key based on hardware circuit is provided, switches over break-make control circuit's conducting state through key switch SW, master control MCU, realizes the quick on-off of a key of consumer, simultaneously, can adjust equipment shutdown condition according to the different adaptability of equipment electrical structure to make equipment realize the quick on-off of a key under the prerequisite of safety through hardware circuit.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model discloses a hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit, which comprises a direct current power circuit, an on-off control circuit, a key switch SW and a master control MCU; the master control MCU is provided with a power supply connection pin VDD, a key detection pin GPIO _ IN, an MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT and a clock pin SWCLK; the on-off control circuit is provided with a power supply input end, a level control end and a power supply output end; the power supply input end is connected with the output end of the direct current power supply circuit; the level control end is connected with the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT and is connected with the key switch SW through a first non-return unit in forward connection so as to control the on-off control circuit to be switched on or switched off; the key detection pin GPIO _ IN is connected with the key switch SW through a second non-return unit IN forward connection so as to detect the state of the key switch SW; and the power supply output end is connected with the power supply connecting pin VDD.

Based on the structure, when the device is assembled on the device without storing the configuration file, the on-off process of the device is as follows: the key switch SW on the equipment which is not started is pressed and released, in the pressing process of the key switch SW, a level control end of the on-off control circuit forms a loop through the key switch SW and the first non-return unit, the on-off control circuit is conducted, the current of the direct current power supply circuit is transmitted to the power supply connection pin VDD through the power supply output end, the main control MCU is reset to enter a working state, and the equipment is started. Meanwhile, the main control MCU controls the level of the level control end to be low level through the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT, so that after the key switch SW is released, the on-off control circuit keeps a conducting state, and the equipment is continuously electrified and keeps a starting state. After the device is started, the main control MCU detects the working state of the key switch SW IN real time through the key detection pin GPIO _ IN, and when the key switch SW is pressed again, the main control MCU changes the output of the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT so as to control the level control end to be switched to the state of being grounded through the key switch SW. After the key switch SW is released, the on-off control circuit is opened because the level control end has no current, so that the main control MCU is powered off, the equipment is shut down, and the hardware-based one-key quick on-off circuit can realize one-key quick control on-off of the electric equipment without storing configuration files.

Furthermore, when the device is assembled on a device needing to store the configuration file according to the electrical structure characteristics of the electric equipment, the pressing time threshold of the key when the device is turned off is set through a clock pin SWCLK of the main control MCU, when the pressing time of the key switch SW exceeds the time threshold value IN the shutdown process, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN controls the access direction of the level control end to realize the controllable shutdown time of the electric equipment, therefore, the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit can perform adaptive adjustment on the shutdown time of equipment according to the difference of the electrical structure of the electric equipment, the problem that the configuration file of the equipment is lost due to mistaken touch of the key switch SW in the use process of the equipment is avoided, the quick startup and shutdown of the equipment with the configuration file needing to be stored is realized on the premise of ensuring the safety of the electric equipment, and the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is simple in structure and convenient to use.

Preferably, the dc power circuit includes a dc power BAT1, a negative electrode of the dc power BAT1 is grounded, and a positive electrode of the dc power BAT1 is connected to the power input terminal; the first non-return unit is a diode D1, and the second non-return unit is a diode D2.

Preferably, the on-off control circuit includes a PNP transistor and a second resistor R2, an emitter of the PNP transistor is connected to the power input terminal, a collector of the PNP transistor is connected to the power supply output terminal, and a base of the PNP transistor is connected to the level control terminal through the second resistor R2.

The on-off control circuit formed by the PNP transistor simplifies the structure of the hardware-based one-key quick on-off circuit, and meets the requirement of simply forming hardware to achieve one-key quick on-off of equipment.

Preferably, the PNP transistor is a PNP transistor Q1.

Preferably, the transistor comprises a P-type MOS transistor Q3, and a first resistor R1 is connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the P-type MOS transistor.

The reliability of conduction and switching of the on-off control circuit can be improved through the arrangement of the P-type MOS tube Q3.

Preferably, the hardware-based one-key fast startup and shutdown circuit further comprises an NPN triode Q2, a collector of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to the level control end, a base of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT through a third resistor R3, and an emitter of the NPN triode Q2 is grounded; a fourth resistor R4 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter of the NPN triode Q2.

Based on the setting of the NPN triode Q2, in the boot process, after the P-channel transistor is turned on, the MCU controls the pin GPIO _ OUT to output a high level, the N-channel triode Q2 is turned on, and the base of the P-channel transistor is grounded through the N-channel triode Q2, so that the P-channel transistor can be kept in a conductive state after the key switch SW is released, thereby powering on and booting the device. IN the shutdown process, when the key switch SW is pressed again to reach the condition that the pressing time is equal to the pressing time threshold of the key switch SW IN shutdown preset by the main control MCU, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN outputs a low level, the MCU controls the pin GPIO _ OUT to synchronously output the low level to cut off the N-channel triode Q2, so that the P-channel transistor only forms a loop through the key switch SW and the diode D1 IN the pressing state at the moment, after the key switch SW is released, the P-channel transistor is cut off, and the device is powered off. Through the arrangement of the N-channel triode Q2, the reliability of the hardware-based one-key quick on-off circuit control device on-off is improved. Meanwhile, through the arrangement of the fourth resistor R4, the voltage flowing through the NPN triode Q2 can be divided, and the reliability of the connection and disconnection of the NPN triode Q2 is improved, so that the response speed of the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is improved.

Preferably, the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT is connected to the level control terminal through a fifth resistor R5 and a third diode D3 connected in series, and the level control terminal is connected to a negative electrode of the third diode D3; the second non-return unit is an NMOS transistor Q4, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN is connected to the gate of the NMOS transistor Q4, the source of the NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the switch SW, and the drain of the NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the level control terminal through a sixth resistor R6.

Through the arrangement of the fifth resistor and the third diode D3, when the key detection pin GPIO _ IN detects that the key switch SW is pressed down, the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT is pulled up to a high level by the fifth resistor, so that the on-off control circuit is cut off after the key switch SW is released, and the device which does not need to store the configuration file is quickly powered off and shut down. Meanwhile, through the arrangement of the third diode D3 and the NMOS tube Q4, the problem that the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT and the key detection pin GPIO _ IN are electrified after the power failure of the device is avoided, and the reliability of key detection of the electric device and the use safety of the device are improved.

Preferably, the hardware-based one-key fast on-off circuit further comprises a timing unit, an input end of the timing unit is connected with the key detection pin GPIO _ IN, and an output end of the timing unit is connected with a gate of the NMOS transistor Q4.

Based on the setting of the timing unit, when the hardware-based one-key fast on-off circuit is assembled on a device needing to store configuration files, IN the off process, the output of the key detection pin GPIO _ IN is transmitted to the grid of the NMOS pipe Q4 under the control of the timing unit, so that after the key switch SW is released, the level control end of the on-off control circuit can maintain the current state for a period of time, namely the on-off control circuit enables the device to be powered off after being opened for a period of time, and during the period, the key process of the device can store the configuration files under the control of the main control MCU. The operation step that the key switch SW needs to be pressed for a long time is avoided, the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is used for realizing one-key quick startup and shutdown of the electric equipment on the premise of ensuring safety, and the user use experience is improved. Meanwhile, a time length threshold value of continuous pressing in the shutdown process of the key switch SW is preset through a clock pin SWCLK of the main control MCU, so that the problem that the equipment is shut down due to the fact that the key switch SW is touched by mistake in the using process can be avoided, and the reliability and the use convenience of the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit are improved.

Preferably, the timing unit comprises a timing chip, an RC charging circuit and a discharging circuit, wherein the timing chip is provided with a trigger pin, a charging pin and a discharging pin; the trigger pin is connected with the key detection pin GPIO _ IN; the input end of the RC charging circuit is connected with the power supply output end, and the output end of the RC charging circuit is connected with the charging pin; the input end of the discharge circuit is connected with the discharge pin, and the output end of the discharge circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q4.

Furthermore, the structure of the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is simplified and the production cost is reduced through a timing unit consisting of a timing chip, an RC charging circuit and a discharging circuit.

In conclusion, according to the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit, the startup and shutdown of the electric equipment can be effectively and quickly controlled by one key, the circuit structure is simple, and the reliability is high.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware-based one-touch fast power on/off circuit in embodiment 1 of the present application;

fig. 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of a hardware-based one-touch fast power on/off circuit in embodiment 1 of the present application;

fig. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a hardware-based one-touch fast power on/off circuit in embodiment 2 of the present application;

fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of a hardware-based one-touch fast power on/off circuit in embodiment 3 of the present application;

fig. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of a hardware-based one-touch fast power on/off circuit in embodiment 4 of the present application;

fig. 6 is a flow chart of a working method of embodiment 3 in the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1, a hardware-based one-key fast power on/off circuit includes a dc power circuit, an on/off control circuit, a key switch SW, and a main control MCU.

Referring to fig. 2, the main control MCU may be any one of microcomputer chips IN the prior art, and is provided with a power supply connection pin VDD, a key detection pin GPIO _ IN, an MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT, and a clock pin SWCLK. IN this embodiment, a chip with model number NSTM32F030K6 is selected as the main control MCU, the power supply connection pin VDD corresponding to the chip is pin 1(VDD1) and pin 5(VDDA), the key detection pin GPIO _ IN is pin 7(PA1_ GPIO _ IN), the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT is pin 6(PA0_ GPIO _ OUT), and the clock pin SWCLK is pin 24 (PA 14/SWCLK).

The dc power supply circuit may be any power supply structure outputting dc power in the prior art, and one end of the dc power supply circuit is a ground terminal, and the other end of the dc power supply circuit is an output terminal.

The direct-current power supply circuit comprises a direct-current power supply BAT1, the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply BAT1 is grounded, and the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply BAT1 is connected with the power supply input end; the first backstop unit is a diode D1, and the second backstop unit is a diode D2.

The key switch SW may be any one of key switch structures in the related art.

The on-off control circuit is provided with a power input end, a level control end and a power supply output end. The power input end is connected with the output end of the direct current power circuit, and the current output by the direct current power circuit is input into the on-off control circuit through the power input end. The level control end is connected with the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT, and the level output by the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT of the main control MCU enables the level of the control level control end to be switched into a high or low level state along with the switching, so that the conduction or the medium of the on-off control circuit is controlled.

The key detection pin GPIO _ IN is connected with the key switch SW through the second non-return unit IN forward connection, and after the main control MCU is powered on and reset, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN detects the pressing state of the key switch SW IN real time after a period of time delay. Meanwhile, the level control end is connected with the key switch SW through the first non-return unit IN forward connection, so that the level output by the key detection pin GPIO _ IN is prevented from influencing the level state of the level control end.

The power supply output end is connected with a power supply connecting pin VDD, and after the current of the direct current power supply circuit is output, the current is output to the main control MCU through the power supply output end of the break-off control circuit.

When the computer is started, the key switch SW is pressed, and the current flow direction of the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is as follows: after the current is output from the output end of the direct-current power supply circuit, the current flows to a power supply connection pin VDD of the main control MCU through the conducted on-off control circuit, and meanwhile flows to other hardware of the electric equipment. In this embodiment, the electric device may be any one of the prior arts, for example, an "electric torch, an electric drill, a handheld electric fan, etc. which do not need to store the configuration file", and an "electric device which needs to store the configuration file", a police alcohol tester with a storage function, an ear thermometer, a forehead thermometer, etc.

In the present embodiment, the dc power circuit includes a dc power BAT1, and the dc power BAT1 may be a battery pack in the prior art. The negative electrode of the direct current power supply BAT1 is grounded, and the positive electrode of the direct current power supply BAT1 is connected with the power supply input end; the first non-return unit is a diode D1 with the model number of 1N 4148W. The second non-return unit is a diode D2 with the model number of 1N 4148W.

The on-off control circuit comprises a PNP transistor and a second resistor R2, the PNP transistor can be any one of the prior art, and the PNP triode Q1 is selected as the PNP transistor in the embodiment and is P-MMBT3906L in model number. The resistance value of the second resistor R2 is 3K Ω.

The emitter of the PNP transistor is connected with the power supply input end, the collector of the PNP transistor is connected with the power supply output end, and the base of the PNP transistor is connected with the level control end through a second resistor R2. The advantage that sets up like this is, through the on-off control circuit that PNP transistor constitutes, has simplified this application structure based on the quick on-off circuit of one key of hardware, has realized reaching the demand that equipment one key was quick on-off through simple hardware component.

By means of the structure, when the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is assembled in the device without storing the configuration file:

the startup and shutdown process comprises the following steps: the key switch SW on the equipment which is not started is pressed and released, in the process that the key switch SW is pressed, the base electrode of the PNP triode Q1 forms a loop through the level control end, the key switch SW and the diode D1, the PNP triode Q1 is conducted, the current of the direct current power supply circuit is transmitted to the power supply connection pin VDD through the power supply output end, the main control MCU is reset to enter a working state, and the equipment is started. After the key switch SW is released, the main control MCU controls the level of the level control end to be low level through the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT, the PNP triode Q1 keeps a conduction state, and the device is continuously electrified and keeps a power-on state. Meanwhile, the main control MCU detects the working state of the key switch SW IN real time through the key detection pin GPIO _ IN.

The shutdown process is as follows: and pressing the key switch SW on the started device, wherein the master control MCU changes the output of the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT so as to control the level control end to be switched into a state of being grounded through the key switch SW, and the device keeps a starting state. After the key switch SW is released, the PNP triode Q1 is broken because the base electrode has no current, so that the main control MCU is powered off, and the equipment is shut down.

When the hardware-based one-key fast power-on and power-off circuit of the embodiment is assembled in a device needing to store the configuration file, the power-on process of the hardware-based one-key fast power-on and power-off circuit is the same as the power-on process of the hardware-based one-key fast power-on and power-off circuit assembled in the device needing not to store the configuration file. When the equipment is initialized, the pressing time threshold of the key when the equipment is shut down is set through a clock pin SWCLK of the main control MCU. The difference between the shutdown process and the shutdown process assembled IN the device without storing the configuration file is that after the key switch SW is pressed down on the started device, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN switches the output level state only when the pressing time of the key switch SW exceeds a preset time threshold value, and controls the level control end to be grounded through the key switch SW, so that the shutdown time of the electric equipment is controllable.

Example 2: unlike embodiment 1, referring to fig. 3, the P-channel transistor is a P-type MOS transistor Q3, and a P-channel MOS transistor with a model number of SI2301B is selected. A first resistor R1 is connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the P-type MOS transistor, and the resistance value of the first resistor R1 is 10K omega. The advantage of this arrangement is that the physical characteristics of the P-type MOS transistor Q3 can be used to improve the reliability of the on-off control circuit in switching the on state, thereby ensuring the normal on/off of the electric equipment.

Example 3: different from the embodiment 1, referring to fig. 4, the hardware-based one-touch fast on-off circuit further includes an NPN transistor Q2, a collector of the NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the level control terminal, a base of the NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT through a third resistor R3, and an emitter of the NPN transistor Q2 is grounded; a fourth resistor R4 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter of the NPN transistor Q2. In this embodiment, the NPN transistor Q2 is selected to have a model number of N-SST3904, the third resistor R3 has a resistance value of 5.1K Ω, and the fourth resistor R4 has a resistance value of 10K Ω.

Based on the setting of the NPN triode Q2, in the process of starting up, after the P-channel transistor is conducted, the MCU controls the pin GPIO _ OUT to output a high level, the N-channel triode Q2 is conducted, and the base of the P-channel transistor is grounded through the N-channel triode Q2, so that the P-channel transistor can be kept in a conducting state after the key switch SW is released, thereby powering up and starting up the device. IN the shutdown process, when the key switch SW is pressed again to reach the condition that the pressing time is equal to the pressing time threshold of the key switch SW IN shutdown preset by the main control MCU, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN outputs a low level, the MCU controls the pin GPIO _ OUT to synchronously output the low level to cut off the N-channel triode Q2, so that the P-channel transistor only forms a loop through the key switch SW and the diode D1 IN the pressing state at the moment, after the key switch SW is released, the P-channel transistor is cut off, and the device is powered off. The advantage of this kind of setting is, through the setting of N channel triode Q2, has improved the reliability of the quick switching on and shutting down circuit control equipment switching on and shutting down of a key based on hardware. Meanwhile, through the arrangement of the fourth resistor R4, the voltage flowing through the NPN triode Q2 can be divided, and the reliability of the connection and disconnection of the NPN triode Q2 is improved, so that the response speed of the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is improved.

Example 4: unlike

embodiments

1, 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT is connected to the level control terminal connected to the cathode of the third diode D3 through the fifth resistor R5 and the third diode D3 connected in series. The resistance value of the fifth resistor R5 is 1K Ω, and the model of the third diode D3 is 1N 4148W. The second non-return unit is an NMOS transistor Q4, and the NMOS transistor Q4 may be any N-channel MOS transistor in the prior art, such as the MOS transistors with models of KIA5610, KIA2803A, and KIA 840S. The key detection pin GPIO _ IN is connected with the grid electrode of an NMOS tube Q4, the source electrode of an NMOS tube Q4 is connected with a switch SW, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q4 is connected with the level control end through a sixth resistor R6, and the resistance value of the sixth resistor is 1K omega.

Through the arrangement of the fifth resistor and the third diode D3, when the hardware-based one-key quick startup and shutdown circuit is assembled on a device without storing configuration files, when the key detection pin GPIO _ IN detects that the key switch SW is pressed down, the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT is pulled up to a high level by the fifth resistor, so that the on-off control circuit is cut off after the key switch SW is released, and the device without storing configuration files is quickly powered off and shut down. Meanwhile, through the arrangement of the third diode D3 and the NMOS tube Q4, the problem that the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT and the key detection pin GPIO _ IN are electrified after the power failure of the device is avoided, and the reliability of key detection of the electric device and the use safety of the device are improved.

IN this embodiment, the hardware-based one-key fast on-off circuit further includes a timing unit, an input end of the timing unit is connected to the key detection pin GPIO _ IN, and an output end of the timing unit is connected to a gate of the NMOS transistor Q4.

The timing unit comprises a timing chip, an RC charging circuit and a discharging circuit, wherein the timing chip is provided with a trigger pin, a charging pin and a discharging pin; the trigger pin is connected with the key detection pin GPIO _ IN; the input end of the RC charging circuit is connected with the power supply output end, and the output end of the RC charging circuit is connected with the charging pin; the input end of the discharge circuit is connected with the discharge pin, and the output end of the discharge circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q4.

The timing chip can be a 555 timer in the prior art, and a pin 1 of the timing chip is grounded; a pin 2 of the timing chip is an external signal input interface and is connected with a key detection pin GPIO _ IN; a pin 3 of the timing chip is an output interface and is connected with the grid electrode of an NMOS tube Q4; a pin 4 of the timing chip is a reset interface, a pin 8 of the timing chip is a power interface, and the pin 4 and the pin 8 of the timing chip are respectively connected with a power supply output end; pin 5 of the timing chip is a protection interface, and is grounded through a second capacitor C2; pin 6 of the timing chip and pin 7 of the timing chip are both connected to the supply output through a seventh resistor R7 and are both connected to ground through a first capacitor C1. The power supply output terminal, the seventh resistor R7, the first capacitor C1, and the pin 1 of the timing chip constitute an RC charging circuit in this embodiment, and the pin 7, the pin 6, the pin 2, the pin 1, and the first capacitor C1 of the timing chip constitute a discharging circuit in this embodiment. The resistance value of the seventh resistor R7 is 5K Ω, the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 is 10uF, and the capacitance value of the second capacitor C2 is 0.01 uF.

With the structure of embodiment 3 and with reference to fig. 6, a working method of a hardware-based one-key fast power-on/power-off circuit when the hardware-based one-key fast power-on/power-off circuit is mounted on a device that needs to store a configuration file includes:

firstly, a pressing time threshold T of a key switch SW when the device is turned off is set to be 1 second through a clock pin SWCLK of a main control MCU.

Secondly, when the computer is started: after the key switch SW of the equipment which is not started is pressed, the base electrode of the PNP triode Q1 forms a loop with the key switch SW through the diode D1, the PNP triode Q1 is conducted, the current of the storage battery pack in the power circuit is transmitted to the main control MCU, the system is reset to enter a working state, and the equipment is electrified and started. After the main control MCU works, the MCU controls the pin GPIO _ OUT to output high level, so that the N-channel triode Q2 is conducted, after the key switch SW is released, the PNP triode Q1 keeps a conducting state through the conducted N-channel triode Q2, the equipment is powered on and keeps a powered-on state, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN of the main control MCU enters a key detection state, and the state of the key switch SW is detected IN real time.

Thirdly, during shutdown: and the key switch SW is pressed again, and the key detection pin GPIO _ IN of the main control MCU detects that the key switch SW is pressed. When the pressing time of the key switch SW is longer than 1 second, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN outputs a low level, the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT of the main control MCU outputs a low level, the base set of the N-channel triode Q2 is pulled down to be the low level, and the N-channel triode Q2 is cut off. After the key switch SW is released, the base electrode of the PNP triode Q1 is cut off due to no current, the main control MCU is powered off, and the equipment is quickly powered off and shut down.

The foregoing description is for the purpose of illustration and is not for the purpose of limitation. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The omission in the foregoing claims of any aspect of subject matter that is disclosed herein is not intended to forego the subject matter and should not be construed as an admission that the applicant does not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed subject matter.

Claims

1. A hardware-based one-key fast startup and shutdown circuit is characterized by comprising a direct-current power supply circuit, an on-off control circuit, a key switch SW and a main control MCU; the master control MCU is provided with a power supply connection pin VDD, a key detection pin GPIO _ IN, an MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT and a clock pin SWCLK; the on-off control circuit is provided with a power supply input end, a level control end and a power supply output end; the power supply input end is connected with the output end of the direct current power supply circuit; the level control end is connected with the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT and is connected with the key switch SW through a first non-return unit in forward connection so as to control the on-off control circuit to be switched on or switched off; the key detection pin GPIO _ IN is connected with the key switch SW through a second non-return unit IN forward connection so as to detect the state of the key switch SW; and the power supply output end is connected with the power supply connecting pin VDD.

2. The hardware-based one-key fast on-off circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dc power circuit comprises a dc power supply BAT1, a negative electrode of the dc power supply BAT1 is grounded, and a positive electrode of the dc power supply BAT1 is connected to the power input terminal; the first non-return unit is a diode D1, and the second non-return unit is a diode D2.

3. The hardware-based one-touch fast on-off circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the on-off control circuit comprises a PNP transistor, a second resistor R2, an emitter of the PNP transistor is connected to the power input terminal, a collector of the PNP transistor is connected to the power output terminal, and a base of the PNP transistor is connected to the level control terminal through the second resistor R2.

4. The hardware-based one-touch fast power on/off circuit of claim 3, wherein the PNP transistor is a PNP transistor Q1.

5. The hardware-based one-touch fast power-on and power-off circuit of claim 4, comprising a P-type MOS transistor Q3, wherein a first resistor R1 is connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the P-type MOS transistor.

6. The hardware-based one-touch fast switching circuit according to claim 4, further comprising an NPN transistor Q2, wherein a collector of the NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the level control terminal, a base of the NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT through a third resistor R3, and an emitter of the NPN transistor Q2 is grounded; a fourth resistor R4 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter of the NPN triode Q2.

7. The hardware-based one-touch fast on-off circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MCU control pin GPIO _ OUT is connected to the level control terminal through a fifth resistor R5 and a third diode D3 connected in series, and the level control terminal is connected to the negative pole of the third diode D3; the second non-return unit is an NMOS transistor Q4, the key detection pin GPIO _ IN is connected to the gate of the NMOS transistor Q4, the source of the NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the switch SW, and the drain of the NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the level control terminal through a sixth resistor R6.

8. The hardware-based one-touch fast on-off circuit as claimed IN claim 7, further comprising a timing unit, wherein an input terminal of the timing unit is connected to the key detection pin GPIO _ IN, and an output terminal of the timing unit is connected to the gate of the NMOS transistor Q4.

9. The hardware-based one-touch fast on-off circuit of claim 8, wherein the timing unit comprises a timing chip, an RC charging circuit and a discharging circuit, the timing chip is provided with a trigger pin, a charging pin and a discharging pin; the trigger pin is connected with the key detection pin GPIO _ IN; the input end of the RC charging circuit is connected with the power supply output end, and the output end of the RC charging circuit is connected with the charging pin; the input end of the discharge circuit is connected with the discharge pin, and the output end of the discharge circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q4.