CN218435821U - Direct smelting reduction furnace - Google Patents
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- CN218435821U CN218435821U CN202222600329.4U CN202222600329U CN218435821U CN 218435821 U CN218435821 U CN 218435821U CN 202222600329 U CN202222600329 U CN 202222600329U CN 218435821 U CN218435821 U CN 218435821U
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Abstract
A direct smelting reduction furnace belongs to the non-blast furnace ironmaking technical field. The reduction furnace comprises a flue gas chamber, a methane-rich gas spray gun, an oxygen-rich gas spray gun, a solid powder spray gun, a hearth lining, a front furnace, a slag hole, a direct smelting reduction furnace, a conical section and the like; the lower part of the direct smelting reduction furnace is cylindrical, a hearth lining is built in the direct smelting reduction furnace and is communicated with the preposed furnace, the upper part of the direct smelting reduction furnace is sequentially connected with the conical section and a flue gas chamber, and a coal gas outlet is arranged on the flue gas chamber; the inner surface of the furnace shell of the direct smelting reduction furnace is provided with a water-cooled wall, and a slag hole is arranged above the hearth; the direct smelting reduction furnace is provided with solid powder spray guns along the circumferential direction, and the middle part of the conical section is provided with an oxygen-enriched gas spray gun. The method has the advantages that the temperature of the coal gas at the outlet of the direct smelting reduction furnace is reduced from about 1600 ℃ to below 1000 ℃, the conversion efficiency is high, the operation is simple and reliable, the process flow is simple, the investment is low, and the operation is stable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of non-blast furnace ironmaking, in particular to a direct smelting reduction furnace.
Background
The blast furnace ironmaking technology is the most mainstream ironmaking technology in the current steel industry, has obvious technical advantages in the aspects of large-scale production, high efficiency, long service life and the like, but simultaneously has the problems that coke must be used, raw materials must be agglomerated, pollution emission is high and the like, and the blast furnace ironmaking technology faces the increasingly serious coke and coal resource shortage and the pressure of environmental protection upgrading, so the development of the non-blast furnace ironmaking technology is urgent. The direct smelting reduction technology can directly use the non-coking coal and the iron ore powder, and can completely get rid of the procedures of coking, sintering and pelletizing, thereby having remarkable environmental protection technical advantages.
The HIsmelt smelting reduction iron-making process is a representative of a direct smelting reduction technology, has realized industrial production, is a main technical development direction of non-blast furnace low-carbon green metallurgy in the future, and has a good development prospect. The HIsmelt process adopts higher post combustion rate, liquid iron slag is blown by a material spray gun to generate a fountain for strengthening heat transfer from the upper post combustion process to a molten pool, a large amount of physical heat is taken away by high-temperature flue gas generated by post combustion due to no solid material column in a smelting reduction furnace, the temperature of coal gas at an outlet of the smelting reduction furnace reaches more than 1500 ℃, a vaporization cooling flue and a waste heat boiler are adopted in the prior art to produce steam, and the steam is used for power generation, the energy recovery efficiency of the prior coal gas waste heat recovery mode is lower, the comprehensive efficiency is only about 30-40%, and the main reason for higher process energy consumption is also caused. In addition, the overhigh gas temperature brings great difficulty to the long-term stable operation of the vaporization cooling flue, and the damage and water leakage of the vaporization cooling flue can cause the smelting reduction furnace to be forced to be shut down, thereby influencing the normal operation of the smelting reduction plant.
Therefore, the efficient utilization of the waste heat of the high-temperature low-calorific-value gas of the smelting reduction furnace is realized, the operation stability of the vaporization cooling flue is improved, and the problem to be solved in the development of the direct smelting reduction technology at present is solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a direct smelting reduction furnace has solved the not high problem of recovery efficiency of smelting reduction furnace high temperature coal gas waste heat. Meanwhile, the temperature of the coal gas at the outlet of the smelting reduction furnace is reduced, and the problem of high equipment failure rate of a coal gas system is solved.
A direct smelting reduction furnace comprises a flue gas chamber 1, a methane-rich gas spray gun 2, an oxygen-rich gas spray gun 3, a gas spray gun 4, a solid powder spray gun 5, a hearth lining 6, a pre-furnace 7, a slag hole 8, a direct smelting reduction furnace 9, a conical section 10, a gas outlet 11 and a water-cooled wall 12; the lower part of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is cylindrical, a hearth lining 6 is built in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 and is communicated with the pre-positioned furnace 7, the upper part of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is sequentially connected with a conical section 10 and a flue gas chamber 1, and a gas outlet 11 is arranged on the flue gas chamber 1; the inner surface of a furnace shell of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a water-cooled wall 12 above a hearth lining 6, and a slag hole 8 is arranged above a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9; the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a solid powder spray gun 5 along the circumferential direction, and the upper part of the solid powder spray gun 5 is provided with a gas spray gun 4; the middle part of the conical section 10 is provided with an oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3, and the coal gas inlet section of the flue gas chamber 1 is provided with a methane-enriched gas spray gun 2.
The bottom of a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a residual iron port and a residual slag port which are used for discharging slag iron when the furnace is stopped;
the operation pressure in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is-180 to 160kPa;
the interior of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 can be divided into a liquid metal zone, a slag iron mixing zone and a secondary combustion zone from bottom to top;
the solid powder spray guns 5 are positioned above the side wall of the hearth lining 6 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the solid powder spray guns is 2-8, and the included angle epsilon between the central line of the solid powder spray guns 5 and the vertical direction is 20-80 degrees;
the number of the slag holes 8 is 1-2, and the included angle between the slag holes and the preposed furnace 7 in the circumferential direction is 90 degrees or 180 degrees;
the gas spray guns 4 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the gas spray guns is 1-4, and the included angle delta between the central line of the gas spray guns 4 and the vertical direction is 20-80 degrees;
the oxygen-enriched gas spray guns 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the oxygen-enriched gas spray guns is 2-8, the size of a vertical arrangement angle alpha is 20-80 degrees, the size of a horizontal arrangement angle beta is 0-90 degrees, and the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched gas is 35-99.5 percent;
the methane-rich gas spray guns 2 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the arranged layers is 1-4, the number of each layer of spray guns is 2-8, and the horizontal arrangement angle gamma is 0-80 degrees.
The using method of the direct smelting reduction furnace comprises the following specific steps and parameters:
1. mixing iron ore powder, coal powder and a flux, spraying the mixture into a liquid metal area at the bottom of a hearth of a direct smelting reduction furnace 9 through a solid powder spray gun 5, wherein the reduction reaction of the iron ore powder mainly occurs in the liquid metal area and a slag iron mixing area, and the iron-containing material, carrier gas and coal powder sprayed into the furnace form strong stirring, splashing and violent reaction in a molten pool area;
2. the iron-containing material from the solid powder spray gun 5 contacts with molten iron and then undergoes reduction reaction with dissolved carbon in the molten iron to produce CO, the pulverized coal is heated and then volatile matters volatilize and undergo carburization reaction with the molten iron, and the iron ore powder and the pulverized coal which have not yet reacted completely float upwards and enter a slag iron mixing area to continue reduction reaction;
3. after the molten pool gas formed by reducing the slag iron molten pool rises to a secondary combustion area, the molten pool gas and the oxygen-enriched hot air from the oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3 are subjected to oxidation reaction again to release a large amount of heat and transfer the heat to the molten pool, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved in the splashing process of molten slag iron drops in the molten pool;
4. slag generated in the smelting process in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is periodically discharged out of the furnace through a slag hole 8, and molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through a front furnace 7;
5. after exchanging heat with the molten pool, the high-temperature coal gas generated by the secondary combustion reaction rises into a flue gas chamber 1 at the top, and the high-temperature coal gas at 1500-1650 ℃ is in the flue gasThe inlet of the chamber 1 is mixed with methane-containing gas blown by the methane-rich gas spray gun 2, and the methane and CO in the coal gas are catalyzed by metal iron in the coal gas dust 2 And H 2 O undergoes a reforming cracking reaction, and the reaction equation is as follows:
CH 4 +CO 2 ＝2CO+2H 2
CH 4 +H 2 O＝2CO+3H 2
6. the methane cracking reaction is an endothermic reaction, and the physical heat of high-temperature coal gas is efficiently converted into chemical heat through the reaction, so that the heat value of the coal gas is effectively improved, the temperature of the coal gas is quickly reduced, the working temperature of a vaporization cooling flue can be obviously reduced, and the running stability of equipment is improved; the cooled high-temperature coal gas is discharged out of the furnace through a coal gas outlet 11 and enters the subsequent coal gas purification and low-temperature waste heat recovery processes.
The utility model has the advantages of:
1) The utility model can reduce the temperature of coal gas at the outlet of the direct smelting reduction furnace from about 1600 ℃ to below 1000 ℃ by a chemical reaction conversion method, and has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, simple and reliable operation and the like;
2) The utility model improves the heat value of the direct melting reduction furnace gas, reduces the working temperature of the vaporization cooling flue, and is beneficial to improving the operation stability of the equipment;
3) The process flow is simple, the investment is low, and the operation is stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a direct smelting reduction furnace. The device comprises a flue gas chamber 1, a methane-rich gas spray gun 2, an oxygen-rich gas spray gun 3, a gas spray gun 4, a solid powder spray gun 5, a hearth lining 6, a pre-furnace 7, a slag hole 8, a direct smelting reduction furnace 9, a conical section 10, a coal gas outlet 11 and a water-cooled wall 12.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a methane-rich gas lance arrangement. Wherein, a flue gas chamber 1 and a methane-rich gas spray gun 2.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an oxygen-enriched gas lance arrangement. Wherein, the conical section 10 and the oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a direct smelting reduction furnace comprises a flue gas chamber 1, a methane-rich gas spray gun 2, an oxygen-rich gas spray gun 3, a gas spray gun 4, a solid powder spray gun 5, a hearth lining 6, a forehearth 7, a slag hole 8, a direct smelting reduction furnace 9, a cone section 10, a gas outlet 11 and a water-cooled wall 12; the lower part of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is cylindrical, a hearth lining 6 is built in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 and is communicated with the pre-positioned furnace 7, the upper part of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is sequentially connected with a conical section 10 and a flue gas chamber 1, and a gas outlet 11 is arranged on the flue gas chamber 1; the inner surface of a furnace shell of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a water cooled wall 12 above a hearth lining 6, and a slag hole 8 is arranged above a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9; the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a solid powder spray gun 5 along the circumferential direction, and the upper part of the solid powder spray gun 5 is provided with a gas spray gun 4; the middle part of the conical section 10 is provided with an oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3, and the coal gas inlet section of the flue gas chamber 1 is provided with a methane-enriched gas spray gun 2.
The bottom of a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a residual iron hole and a residual slag hole which are used for discharging slag iron when blowing out, the operation pressure in the furnace is 80kPa, and the interior of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 can be divided into a liquid metal area, a slag iron mixing area and a secondary combustion area from bottom to top; the solid powder spray guns 5 are positioned above the side wall of the hearth lining 6 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the solid powder spray guns is 2, and the included angle epsilon between the central line of the solid powder spray guns 5 and the vertical direction is 45 degrees; the number of the slag holes 8 is 1, and the included angle between the slag holes and the preposed furnace 7 in the circumferential direction is 180 degrees; the gas spray guns 4 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the gas spray guns is 2, and the included angle delta between the central line of the gas spray guns 4 and the vertical direction is 50 degrees; the oxygen-enriched gas spray guns 3 are positioned in the middle of the conical section 10, are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, are 4 in number, have a vertical arrangement angle alpha of 50 degrees, a horizontal arrangement angle beta of 60 degrees and have an oxygen content of 99.5 percent; the methane-rich gas spray guns 2 are positioned at a gas inlet of the flue gas chamber 1 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the arranged layers is 2, the number of the spray guns in each layer is 4, and the horizontal arrangement angle gamma is 30 degrees.
The using method of the direct smelting reduction furnace comprises the following specific steps and parameters:
1. mixing iron ore powder, coal powder and a flux, spraying the mixture into a liquid metal area at the bottom of a hearth of a direct smelting reduction furnace 9 through a solid powder spray gun 5, wherein the reduction reaction of the iron ore powder mainly occurs in the liquid metal area and a slag iron mixing area, and the iron-containing material, carrier gas and coal powder sprayed into the furnace form strong stirring, splashing and violent reaction in a molten pool area;
2. the iron-containing material from the solid powder spray gun 5 contacts with molten iron and then undergoes reduction reaction with dissolved carbon in the molten iron to produce CO, the pulverized coal is heated and then volatile matters volatilize and undergo carburization reaction with the molten iron, and the iron ore powder and the pulverized coal which have not yet reacted completely float upwards and enter a slag iron mixing area to continue reduction reaction;
3. after the molten pool gas formed by reducing the slag iron molten pool rises to a secondary combustion area, the molten pool gas and the oxygen-enriched hot air from the oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3 are subjected to oxidation reaction again to release a large amount of heat and transfer the heat to the molten pool, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved in the splashing process of molten slag iron drops in the molten pool;
4. slag generated in the smelting process in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is periodically discharged out of the furnace through a slag hole 8, and molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through a front furnace 7;
5. after the high-temperature coal gas generated by the secondary combustion reaction exchanges heat with the molten pool, the high-temperature coal gas rises into the top flue gas chamber 1, the high-temperature coal gas at 1600 ℃ is mixed with methane-containing gas blown by the methane-rich gas spray gun 2 at the inlet of the flue gas chamber 1, and under the catalytic action of metallic iron in coal gas dust, methane and CO in the coal gas 2 And H 2 O undergoes a reforming cracking reaction, and the reaction equation is as follows:
CH4+CO 2 ＝2CO+2H 2
CH 4 +H 2 O＝2CO+3H 2
6. the methane cracking reaction is an endothermic reaction, and high-temperature coal gas cooled to 1000 ℃ is discharged out of the furnace through a coal gas outlet 11 and enters subsequent coal gas purification and low-temperature waste heat recovery processes.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a direct smelting reduction furnace comprises a flue gas chamber 1, a methane-rich gas spray gun 2, an oxygen-rich gas spray gun 3, a gas spray gun 4, a solid powder spray gun 5, a hearth lining 6, a pre-furnace 7, a slag hole 8, a direct smelting reduction furnace 9, a conical section 10, a gas outlet 11 and a water-cooled wall 12; the lower part of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is cylindrical, a hearth lining 6 is built in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 and is communicated with the front-end furnace 7, the upper part of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is sequentially connected with the conical section 10 and the flue gas chamber 1, and a coal gas outlet 11 is arranged on the flue gas chamber 1; the inner surface of a furnace shell of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a water cooled wall 12 above a hearth lining 6, and a slag hole 8 is arranged above a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9; the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a solid powder spray gun 5 along the circumferential direction, and the upper part of the solid powder spray gun 5 is provided with a gas spray gun 4; the middle part of the conical section 10 is provided with an oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3, and the coal gas inlet section of the flue gas chamber 1 is provided with a methane-enriched gas spray gun 2.
The bottom of a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a residual iron hole and a residual slag hole which are used for discharging slag iron when blowing out, the operation pressure in the furnace is 120kPa, and the interior of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 can be divided into a liquid metal area, a slag iron mixing area and a secondary combustion area from bottom to top; the solid powder spray guns 5 are positioned above the side wall of the hearth lining 6 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the solid powder spray guns is 4, and the included angle epsilon between the central line of the solid powder spray guns 5 and the vertical direction is 60 degrees; the number of the slag holes 8 is 1, and the included angle between the slag holes and the preposed furnace 7 in the circumferential direction is 180 degrees; the gas spray guns 4 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the gas spray guns is 3, and the included angle delta between the central line of the gas spray guns 4 and the vertical direction is 45 degrees; the oxygen-enriched gas spray guns 3 are positioned in the middle of the conical section 10, are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, are 6 in number, have a vertical arrangement angle alpha of 60 degrees, a horizontal arrangement angle beta of 45 degrees and an oxygen content of 99.5 percent; the methane-rich gas spray guns 2 are positioned at a gas inlet of the gas chamber 1 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the arranged layers is 1, the number of the spray guns in each layer is 6, and the horizontal arrangement angle gamma is 45 degrees.
The using method of the direct smelting reduction furnace comprises the following specific steps and parameters:
1. mixing iron ore powder, coal powder and a flux, spraying the mixture into a liquid metal area at the bottom of a hearth of a direct smelting reduction furnace 9 through a solid powder spray gun 5, wherein the reduction reaction of the iron ore powder mainly occurs in the liquid metal area and a slag iron mixing area, and the iron-containing material, carrier gas and coal powder sprayed into the furnace form strong stirring, splashing and violent reaction in a molten pool area;
2. the iron-containing material from the solid powder spray gun 5 contacts with molten iron and then undergoes reduction reaction with dissolved carbon in the molten iron to produce CO, the pulverized coal is heated and then volatile matters volatilize and undergo carburization reaction with the molten iron, and the iron ore powder and the pulverized coal which have not yet reacted completely float upwards and enter a slag iron mixing area to continue reduction reaction;
3. after the bath gas formed by reduction of the slag iron bath rises to a secondary combustion area, the bath gas and the oxygen-enriched hot air from the oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3 are subjected to oxidation reaction again to release a large amount of heat and transfer the heat to the bath, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved in the splashing process of molten slag iron drops in the bath;
4. slag generated in the smelting process in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is periodically discharged out of the furnace through a slag hole 8, and molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through the front furnace 7;
5. after the high-temperature coal gas generated by the secondary combustion reaction exchanges heat with a molten pool, the high-temperature coal gas rises into a flue gas chamber 1 at the top, the high-temperature coal gas at 1600 ℃ is mixed with methane-containing gas injected by a methane-rich gas spray gun 2 at the inlet of the flue gas chamber 1, and under the catalytic action of metal iron in coal gas dust, methane and CO in the coal gas 2 And H 2 O is subjected to reforming cracking reaction, and the reaction equation is as follows:
CH4+CO 2 ＝2CO+2H 2
CH 4 +H 2 O＝2CO+3H 2
6. the methane cracking reaction is an endothermic reaction, and high-temperature coal gas cooled to 1000 ℃ is discharged out of the furnace through a coal gas outlet 11 and enters subsequent coal gas purification and low-temperature waste heat recovery processes.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a direct smelting reduction furnace comprises a flue gas chamber 1, a methane-rich gas spray gun 2, an oxygen-rich gas spray gun 3, a gas spray gun 4, a solid powder spray gun 5, a hearth lining 6, a pre-furnace 7, a slag hole 8, a direct smelting reduction furnace 9, a conical section 10, a gas outlet 11 and a water-cooled wall 12; the lower part of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is cylindrical, a hearth lining 6 is built in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 and is communicated with the pre-positioned furnace 7, the upper part of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is sequentially connected with a conical section 10 and a flue gas chamber 1, and a gas outlet 11 is arranged on the flue gas chamber 1; the inner surface of a furnace shell of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a water-cooled wall 12 above a hearth lining 6, and a slag hole 8 is arranged above a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9; the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a solid powder spray gun 5 along the circumferential direction, and the upper part of the solid powder spray gun 5 is provided with a gas spray gun 4; the middle part of the conical section 10 is provided with an oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3, and the coal gas inlet section of the flue gas chamber 1 is provided with a methane-enriched gas spray gun 2.
The bottom of a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is provided with a residual iron hole and a residual slag hole which are used for discharging slag iron when blowing out, the operation pressure in the furnace is-100 kPa, and the interior of the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 can be divided into a liquid metal area, a slag iron mixing area and a secondary combustion area from bottom to top; the solid powder spray guns 5 are positioned above the side wall of the hearth lining 6 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the solid powder spray guns is 8, and the included angle epsilon between the central line of the solid powder spray guns 5 and the vertical direction is 30 degrees; the number of the slag holes 8 is 2, and the included angle between the slag holes and the preposed furnace 7 in the circumferential direction is 90 degrees; the gas spray guns 4 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the gas spray guns is 1, and the included angle delta between the central line of the gas spray guns 4 and the vertical direction is 75 degrees; the oxygen-enriched gas spray guns 3 are positioned in the middle of the conical section 10, are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, are 8 in number, have a vertical arrangement angle alpha of 25 degrees, a horizontal arrangement angle beta of 75 degrees and have an oxygen content of 99.5 percent; the methane-rich gas spray guns 2 are positioned at a gas inlet of the flue gas chamber 1 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the arranged layers is 4, the number of the spray guns in each layer is 3, and the horizontal arrangement angle gamma is 60 degrees.
The using method of the direct smelting reduction furnace comprises the following specific steps and parameters:
1. mixing iron ore powder, coal powder and a flux, spraying the mixture into a liquid metal area at the bottom of a hearth of a direct smelting reduction furnace 9 through a solid powder spray gun 5, wherein the reduction reaction of the iron ore powder mainly occurs in the liquid metal area and a slag iron mixing area, and the iron-containing material, carrier gas and coal powder sprayed into the furnace form strong stirring, splashing and violent reaction in a molten pool area;
2. the iron-containing material from the solid powder spray gun 5 contacts with molten iron and then undergoes reduction reaction with dissolved carbon in the molten iron to produce CO, the pulverized coal is heated and then volatile matters volatilize and undergo carburization reaction with the molten iron, and the iron ore powder and the pulverized coal which have not yet reacted completely float upwards and enter a slag iron mixing area to continue reduction reaction;
3. after the bath gas formed by reduction of the slag iron bath rises to a secondary combustion area, the bath gas and the oxygen-enriched hot air from the oxygen-enriched gas spray gun 3 are subjected to oxidation reaction again to release a large amount of heat and transfer the heat to the bath, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved in the splashing process of molten slag iron drops in the bath;
4. slag generated in the smelting process in the direct smelting reduction furnace 9 is periodically discharged out of the furnace through a slag hole 8, and molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through a front furnace 7;
5. after the high-temperature coal gas generated by the secondary combustion reaction exchanges heat with a molten pool, the high-temperature coal gas rises into a flue gas chamber 1 at the top, the high-temperature coal gas at 1600 ℃ is mixed with methane-containing gas injected by a methane-rich gas spray gun 2 at the inlet of the flue gas chamber 1, and under the catalytic action of metal iron in coal gas dust, methane and CO in the coal gas 2 And H 2 O is subjected to reforming cracking reaction, and the reaction equation is as follows:
CH4+CO 2 ＝2CO+2H 2
CH 4 +H 2 O＝2CO+3H 2
6. the methane cracking reaction is an endothermic reaction, and high-temperature coal gas cooled to 1000 ℃ is discharged out of the furnace through a coal gas outlet 11 and enters the subsequent working procedures of coal gas purification and low-temperature waste heat recovery.
Claims (7)
1. A direct smelting reduction furnace is characterized by comprising a flue gas chamber (1), a methane-rich gas spray gun (2), an oxygen-rich gas spray gun (3), a gas spray gun (4), a solid powder spray gun (5), a hearth lining (6), a pre-furnace (7), a slag hole (8), a direct smelting reduction furnace (9), a cone section (10), a gas outlet (11) and a water-cooled wall (12); the lower part of the direct smelting reduction furnace (9) is cylindrical, a hearth lining (6) is built in the direct smelting reduction furnace and is communicated with the front furnace (7), the upper part of the direct smelting reduction furnace (9) is sequentially connected with the conical section (10) and the flue gas chamber (1), and a coal gas outlet (11) is arranged on the flue gas chamber (1); the inner surface of a furnace shell of the direct smelting reduction furnace (9) is provided with a water-cooled wall (12) above a hearth lining (6), and a slag hole (8) is arranged above a hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace (9); a solid powder spray gun (5) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the direct smelting reduction furnace (9), and a gas spray gun (4) is arranged at the upper part of the solid powder spray gun (5); an oxygen-enriched gas spray gun (3) is arranged in the middle of the conical section (10), and a methane-enriched gas spray gun (2) is arranged at the coal gas inlet section of the flue gas chamber (1).
2. A direct smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the hearth of the direct smelting reduction furnace (9) is provided with a scrap hole and a residue hole, and the direct smelting reduction furnace (9) is divided into a liquid metal zone, a scrap iron mixing zone and a secondary combustion zone from bottom to top.
3. A direct smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid powder lances (5) are located above the side wall of the hearth lining (6) and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction in an amount of 2 to 8, and the central line of the solid powder lances (5) has an angle e of 20 ° to 80 ° with the vertical direction.
4. A direct smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the slag hole (8) is 1-2, and the included angle with the forehearth (7) in the circumferential direction is 90 ° or 180 °.
5. The direct smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the gas lances (4) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the number of the gas lances is 1 to 4, and the included angle δ between the center line of the gas lances (4) and the vertical direction is 20 ° to 80 °.
6. The direct smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen-rich gas lances (3) are uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction, the number of the oxygen-rich gas lances is 2 to 8, the size of the vertical arrangement angle α is 20 to 80 °, and the size of the horizontal arrangement angle β is 0 to 90 °.
7. A direct smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the methane-rich gas lances (2) are uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction, and are provided in a number of layers of 1 to 4, each layer of lances having 2 to 8 lances, and a horizontal arrangement angle γ of 0 ° to 80 °.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222600329.4U CN218435821U (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2022-09-29 | Direct smelting reduction furnace |
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| CN202222600329.4U CN218435821U (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2022-09-29 | Direct smelting reduction furnace |
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