CN114350869B - Oxygen blast furnace type structure with furnace body blowing reducing gas - Google Patents
Oxygen blast furnace type structure with furnace body blowing reducing gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN114350869B CN114350869B CN202210029932.3A CN202210029932A CN114350869B CN 114350869 B CN114350869 B CN 114350869B CN 202210029932 A CN202210029932 A CN 202210029932A CN 114350869 B CN114350869 B CN 114350869B
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- furnace
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- reducing gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/02—Internal forms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/10—Cooling; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
Abstract
The invention discloses an oxygen blast furnace body structure with a furnace body for blowing reducing gas, which comprises a blast furnace body, wherein the blast furnace body comprises the following components in sequence from top to bottom: the furnace comprises a furnace throat, a furnace body, a furnace waist, a furnace belly, a furnace hearth and a furnace base, wherein the blast furnace hearth is provided with a circle of a plurality of air ports for blowing coal powder and oxygen, the distances among the air ports are equal, a cooling wall at the lower part of the furnace body is arranged in a staggered manner, and reducing gas nozzles with the same number as the air ports are arranged at the staggered position; the invention realizes the function of blowing high-reducing high-temperature coal gas into the traditional blast furnace body, and the staggered design of the lower part of the blast furnace body can ensure that the high-temperature high-reducing coal gas can be uniformly distributed on the lower part of the blast furnace body after entering the lower part area of the blast furnace body, thereby ensuring the maximization of the utilization efficiency of the coal gas entering the furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and particularly relates to an oxygen blast furnace type structure with a furnace body for injecting reducing gas.
Background
In the normal smelting process of the blast furnace, combustion reaction occurs in the tuyere area to generate heat to soft melt the reduced ore at the upper part, and high-reducing coal gas high-temperature coal gas can be generated, wherein the main components of the reducing gas are CO and a small amount of H2, nitrogen accounts for 78% in blast furnace blast air and basically reacts in the blast furnace, and all the nitrogen enters the coal gas, so the main components of the initial coal gas flow of the blast furnace formed at the furnace cylinder tuyere are CO, H2 and N2, wherein the content of N2 is close to more than 50%, and the temperature is 2200-2250 ℃, the high-heat high-reducing coal gas is in contact with iron materials running from top to bottom in the blast furnace through a furnace charge soft melting zone from bottom to top, the materials are heated and subjected to reduction reaction simultaneously, more than 65% of iron oxide in the iron materials is reduced into metallic iron and then enters the furnace waist and the furnace belly furnace cylinder to be further soft and melted, and finally the coal gas after heat exchange and reduction reaction are discharged from the top of the blast furnace. However, due to the existence of the blast furnace soft melting zone, after the coal gas passes through the zone, the resistance loss pressure difference is high, and the blast furnace is easily suspended by excessive coal gas under the conditions of intensified smelting or overhigh hearth temperature.
The traditional blast furnace core reaction is an oxidation-reduction reactor with gas phase participation, the process characteristics determine that the utilization efficiency of the blast furnace ironmaking process carbon is low and is less than 65% on average, the gas phase reaction characteristics in the blast furnace determine that a certain proportion of CO exists in output coal gas, the carbon is not effectively utilized, and the rest unused carbon is output in the form of CO in the coal gas, which is also the main reason of high emission of the traditional blast furnace ironmaking carbon. But at present, no successful case of gas recycling exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oxygen blast furnace type structure of a furnace body for blowing reducing gas, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a shaft spouts oxygen blast furnace type structure of reducing gas of jetting, includes the blast furnace body, and the blast furnace body is from the top down in proper order: the furnace comprises a furnace throat, a furnace body, a furnace waist, a furnace belly, a furnace hearth and a furnace base, wherein the blast furnace hearth is provided with a circle of a plurality of air ports for blowing coal powder and oxygen, the distances among the air ports are equal, a cooling wall at the lower part of the furnace body is arranged in a staggered manner, and reducing gas nozzles with the same number as the air ports are arranged at the staggered position; the outer side of the blast furnace body is provided with a circle of reducing gas surrounding pipe, and a gooseneck, a corrugated pipe compensator, a straight pipe and a bent pipe are arranged between the surrounding pipe and the nozzle and used for blowing reducing gas to the furnace body.
Furthermore, the included angle between the reducing gas nozzle and the horizontal direction is 58-60 degrees, the included angle alpha between the furnace body at the upper part of the nozzle and the horizontal direction is 82-84 degrees, the included angle beta between the furnace waist at the lower part of the nozzle and the horizontal direction is 83-87 degrees, the furnace belly of the blast furnace is in two segments, the furnace belly angle gamma at the upper segment is 70-72 degrees, and the furnace belly angle omega at the lower segment is 80-82 degrees.
A circle of reducing gas surrounding pipes are arranged on the outer side of the blast furnace body, the surrounding pipes are of a layered structure, the outer layer is made of Q235 steel, the inner layer is made of high-alumina bricks, and the middle part is made of light heat-insulating bricks; gooseneck pipes with the same number as the air ports are fixedly connected to the lateral lower part of the surrounding pipe, a corrugated pipe compensator is fixedly connected to the lower part of the gooseneck pipes, a straight pipe is fixedly connected to the lower part of the corrugated pipe compensator, a bent pipe is arranged between the straight pipe and the nozzle, a peephole is arranged above the bent pipe, and a pull rod is arranged between the straight pipe and the furnace body; because relative displacement possibly exists between the gooseneck and the straight pipe, a corrugated pipe compensator is arranged between the gooseneck and the straight pipe to offset the displacement; because the blown reducing gas possibly contains impurities, the blockage at the straight pipe or the bent pipe can be caused, the condition can be observed at the peephole, and the blockage is cleaned through the peephole.
The periphery of the plurality of tuyeres is plugged by corundum, refractory bricks and carbon bricks, the corundum is plugged at the outermost layer, the carbon bricks are close to the seal, and the inner layer is plugged by the refractory bricks.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the temperature gradient distribution in the blast furnace, the lower part of a furnace body of the blast furnace is provided with a channel and a surrounding pipe for the coal gas to enter a reduction zone in the furnace again; in order to realize that the coal gas can uniformly enter the lower part of the furnace body again, the design that the lower part of the furnace body is staggered through a cooling wall is adopted, the design that the furnace body angle of the traditional blast furnace is unchanged is broken, the furnace body is divided into two parts from the coal gas inlet, the lower furnace body angle is 2-3 degrees larger than the upper furnace body angle, and the staggered platform is formed at the coal gas inlet; from the design consideration of better air flow distribution, the number of inlets of the coal gas nozzles at the lower part of the furnace body is consistent with that of the tuyeres of the furnace hearth; because of the existence of the boss designed on the cooling wall of the furnace body, a loose space channel is formed below the boss, and the gas outlet of the gas nozzle of the furnace body from outside to inside is butted with the space channel. The furnace type structure of the furnace body for blowing the high reducing gas has a furnace belly angle which is 3 to 5 degrees smaller than that of the traditional blast furnace, and creates conditions for the intensified smelting and long service life of the blast furnace; in order to prevent the furnace burden from flowing backwards into the gas outlet of the coal gas nozzle at the lower part of the furnace body, the gas outlet channel of the nozzle is designed to be inclined downwards by 60 degrees, so that the pressure at the nozzle is ensured to be greater than the pressure in the furnace. Eliminating the accident of pouring materials into the nozzle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure at C in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1. a furnace throat; 2. a furnace body; 3. a furnace waist; 4. a furnace belly; 5. a hearth; 6. a furnace base; 7. a tuyere; 8. carbon bricks; 9. a refractory brick; 10. corundum; 11. a surrounding pipe; 12. a gooseneck; 13. a bellows compensator; 14. a straight pipe; 15. bending the pipe; 16. a peephole; 17. a nozzle; 18. a pull rod; 19. measuring the temperature couple; 20. and (4) introducing coal gas into the pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides the following technical implementation scheme:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, an oxygen blast furnace structure with a furnace body blowing reducing gas includes a blast furnace body, which includes, from top to bottom: the blast furnace comprises a furnace throat, a furnace body, a furnace waist, a furnace belly, a furnace hearth and a furnace base, wherein the blast furnace hearth is provided with a circle of a plurality of air ports for blowing coal powder and oxygen, the distances between the air ports are equal, a cooling wall at the lower part of the furnace body is arranged in a staggered manner, and reducing gas nozzles with the same number as the air ports are arranged at the staggered positions; the outer side of the blast furnace body is provided with a circle of reducing gas surrounding pipe, and a gooseneck, a corrugated pipe compensator, a straight pipe and a bent pipe are arranged between the surrounding pipe and the nozzle and used for blowing reducing gas to the furnace body.
Furthermore, the included angle between the reducing gas nozzle and the horizontal direction is 58-60 degrees, the included angle alpha between the furnace body at the upper part of the nozzle and the horizontal direction is 82-84 degrees, the included angle beta between the furnace waist at the lower part of the nozzle and the horizontal direction is 83-87 degrees, the furnace belly of the blast furnace is in two segments, the furnace belly angle gamma at the upper segment is 70-72 degrees, and the furnace belly angle omega at the lower segment is 80-82 degrees.
Furthermore, the distances between the air ports at the lower part of the blast furnace belly are equal, the lower part of the furnace body and the cooling wall at the upper part of the furnace waist are staggered, reducing gas nozzles with the same number as the air ports are arranged at the staggered positions, the included angle between the reducing gas nozzles and the horizontal direction is 58-60 degrees, the included angle between the furnace body at the upper part of the nozzles and the horizontal direction is 82-84 degrees, the included angle between the furnace waist at the lower part of the nozzles and the horizontal direction is 83-87 degrees, the blast furnace belly is two-segment, the upper-segment furnace belly angle gamma is 70-72 degrees, and the lower-segment furnace belly angle omega is 80-82 degrees.
A circle of reducing gas surrounding pipes are arranged on the outer side of the blast furnace body, the surrounding pipes are of a layered structure, the outer layer is made of Q235 steel, the inner layer is made of high-alumina bricks, and the middle part is made of light heat-insulating bricks; gooseneck pipes with the same number as the air ports are fixedly connected to the lateral lower part of the surrounding pipe, a corrugated pipe compensator is fixedly connected to the lower part of the gooseneck pipes, a straight pipe is fixedly connected to the lower part of the corrugated pipe compensator, a bent pipe is arranged between the straight pipe and the nozzle, a peephole is arranged above the bent pipe, and a pull rod is arranged between the straight pipe and the furnace body; because relative displacement possibly exists between the gooseneck and the straight pipe, the bellows compensator arranged between the gooseneck and the straight pipe can offset the displacement; the blown reducing gas may contain impurities to cause the blockage of the straight pipe or the bent pipe, the condition can be observed at the peephole, and the blockage is cleaned through the peephole.
Furthermore, corundum, refractory bricks and carbon bricks are used for plugging the periphery of the plurality of tuyeres, the corundum is plugged on the outermost layer, the carbon bricks are close to the tuyeres, and the inner layer is plugged by the refractory bricks.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows:
according to the temperature gradient distribution in the blast furnace, a channel and a surrounding pipe for the coal gas to enter a reduction zone in the furnace are arranged at the lower part of a furnace body of the blast furnace. In order to realize that the coal gas can uniformly enter the lower part of the furnace body again, the design that the lower part of the furnace body is staggered through a cooling wall is adopted, the design that the furnace body angle of the traditional blast furnace is unchanged is broken, the furnace body is divided into two parts from the coal gas inlet, the lower furnace body angle is 2-3 degrees larger than the upper furnace body angle, and the staggering is formed at the coal gas inlet. And the number of designed inlets of the coal gas nozzles at the lower part of the furnace body is consistent with that of the tuyere of the furnace hearth from the design consideration of better air flow distribution. Because of the existence of the boss designed on the cooling wall of the furnace body, a loose space channel is formed below the boss, and the gas outlet of the gas nozzle of the furnace body from outside to inside is butted with the space channel. The furnace type structure of the furnace body for injecting high reducing coal gas has a furnace belly angle which is 3-5 degrees smaller than that of the traditional blast furnace, creates conditions for strengthening smelting and prolonging the service life of the blast furnace, and designs a nozzle gas outlet channel into a downward 60-degree inclined angle in order to prevent furnace burden from flowing backwards into a gas nozzle gas outlet at the lower part of the furnace body, thereby ensuring that the pressure at the nozzle is greater than the pressure in the furnace. Eliminating the accident of pouring materials into the nozzle.
During normal production, high-reducing high-temperature coal gas enters the space below the lug boss through the coal gas nozzle of the furnace body, so that the annular space diverges into the furnace and is converged with primary coal gas flow formed by the air port to jointly complete the reduction reaction of the massive iron-bearing raw material of the furnace body. Reducing iron oxide in the iron-containing material to metallic iron. Because a part of reducing coal gas enters the blocky zone from the lower part of the furnace body to participate in the reduction reaction, on one hand, the indirect reduction degree is greatly increased, the direct reduction carbon consumption is reduced, and simultaneously, the restriction of the traditional blast furnace on the strengthening smelting and the smooth operation because of the overlarge coal gas amount of the furnace bosh is broken through, and the condition of reducing the furnace bosh angle is also provided.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a shaft spouts oxygen blast furnace type structure of reducing gas of jetting, includes the blast furnace body, and the blast furnace body is from the top down in proper order: furnace throat, shaft, waist, abdomen, hearth and furnace foundation, its characterized in that: the blast furnace hearth is provided with a circle of a plurality of air ports for blowing coal dust and oxygen, the distances between the air ports are equal, the cooling wall at the lower part of the furnace body is staggered, and reducing gas nozzles with the same number as the air ports are arranged at the staggered positions; a circle of reducing gas surrounding pipe is arranged on the outer side of the blast furnace body, and a gooseneck, a corrugated pipe compensator, a straight pipe and a bent pipe are arranged between the surrounding pipe and the nozzle and are used for blowing reducing gas to the furnace body;
the included angle between the reducing gas nozzle and the horizontal direction is 58-60 degrees, the included angle alpha between the furnace body at the upper part of the nozzle and the horizontal direction is 82-84 degrees, the included angle beta between the furnace waist at the lower part of the nozzle and the horizontal direction is 83-87 degrees, the furnace bosh of the blast furnace is in two-section type, the furnace bosh angle gamma of the upper section is 70-72 degrees, and the furnace bosh angle omega of the lower section is 80-82 degrees.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the oxygen blast furnace is configured such that: a peephole is arranged above each furnace body blowing bent pipe.
3. The structure of claim 1, wherein the oxygen blast furnace is configured such that: the reducing gas nozzles enter the furnace from the space between two layers of cooling walls, and the joint part of the injection pipe and the furnace shell is provided with heat insulation bricks with the thickness not less than 200 mm.
4. The structure of claim 1, wherein the oxygen blast furnace is configured such that: the outer side of the furnace body is provided with a reducing gas injection surrounding pipe which is of a layered structure, the outer layer is made of Q235 steel, the inner layer is made of high-alumina bricks, and the middle part is made of light heat-insulating bricks.
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| CN202210029932.3A CN114350869B (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Oxygen blast furnace type structure with furnace body blowing reducing gas |
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| CN202210029932.3A CN114350869B (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Oxygen blast furnace type structure with furnace body blowing reducing gas |
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| CN114350869A CN114350869A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114350869B true CN114350869B (en) | 2023-02-14 |
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| CN115786608A (en) * | 2022-10-30 | 2023-03-14 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Hydrogen-carbon-rich circulating blast furnace injection structure and injection method |
| CN115652005A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-31 | 中冶赛迪上海工程技术有限公司 | Blast furnace shaft air supply blowing system and installation method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101875985A (en) * | 2009-05-02 | 2010-11-03 | 冯虎林 | Energy-saving emission-reducing intensive blast furnace technology |
| CN202170346U (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-03-21 | 高新宝 | Novel blast furnace |
| CN202390454U (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-08-22 | 济南钢铁股份有限公司 | Heating and spraying equipment for reducing gas |
| JP2014015653A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-30 | Takao Kawakazu | Pig iron production method and pig iron production furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN209873057U (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-12-31 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Smelting equipment |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101875985A (en) * | 2009-05-02 | 2010-11-03 | 冯虎林 | Energy-saving emission-reducing intensive blast furnace technology |
| CN202170346U (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-03-21 | 高新宝 | Novel blast furnace |
| CN202390454U (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-08-22 | 济南钢铁股份有限公司 | Heating and spraying equipment for reducing gas |
| JP2014015653A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-30 | Takao Kawakazu | Pig iron production method and pig iron production furnace |
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