CN2183629Y - Quick-charging device for nickel-cadium cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a quick-charging device for a nickel-cadmium cell, comprising a charging circuit with constant-current source, a pulse control circuit, a discharging circuit, an increment control circuit for negative voltage; the discharging circuit can carried out the discharging of the residual voltage of a charged cell; the charging circuit with constant-current source can be closed; after the cell is discharged to non-conducting voltage, the discharge condition can be automatically ended; the charging circuit with constant-current source can be opened; the speed of the charging can be controlled by the pulse control circuit. When the voltage of the cell exceeds the peak, the increment with negative voltage appears, the control circuit for negative voltage can sent out the cutting off signal and cut off the fast charging current of the charging circuit with constant-current source; simultaneously, trickle current is supplied for continuously carrying out the trickle charging for the cell.

Description

Quick-charging device for nickel-cadium cell

The utility model relates to a kind of charging device, in particular for the quick charger of nickel-cadmium cell.

At present, being seen all kinds of Ni-Cd battery chargers on the market, its charging interval needs ten hours approximately, owing to there is not battery capacity to be full of the detection control circuit, can not when battery is full of, cut off the electricity supply automatically, therefore have the situation of over-charging of battery even blast to take place often.At this situation, the circuit that existing people's design makes new advances is 88221050 and 91223075 as the patent No., and the common feature of these circuit is, setting a certain magnitude of voltage is the magnitude of voltage of nickel-cadmium cell group under full condition, and nickel-cadmium cell is charged to this value back circuit and realizes automaticallying switch.Because one group of nickel-cadmium cell is under the different temperatures environment, different charging currents, different battery capacities, the voltage when it is full of are different, and the terminal voltage that measures when charging also is different with the open circuit voltage of battery, therefore then has following problem if get a certain given voltage as the standard that battery is full of:

1. during online detection, if the terminal voltage when open circuit voltage (OCV) standard when battery is full of is full of as battery is handled, the worst error that this index zone comes battery to be not fully filled sometimes can be up to 50%.

2. when charging, if the on-Line Voltage when getting peak value (CPV) is as the standard of judging that battery is full of, then the voltage of the nickel-cadmium cell of different capabilities, different temperature environment, different its peak value of charging current is all different, is not that to be not fully filled be exactly to overcharge in actual use.

The purpose of this utility model is a kind of quick charger that detects the nickel-cadmium cell charging voltage with the negative voltage increment circuit that designs for the problem that exists in the solution prior art.

Structure of the present utility model comprises the constant current source charging circuit, pulse control circuit, discharge circuit and negative voltage increment control circuit, discharge circuit discharges to the residual voltage that is recharged battery, simultaneously the constant current source charging road is automatically shut down, after cell voltage is discharged to cut-ff voltage, automatically finish discharge condition and the constant current source charging circuit is opened, begin battery is carried out periodically pulse current charge, charge at a slow speed soon and control by pulse control circuit, the negative voltage increment appears when cell voltage surpasses peak value, the negative voltage control circuit detects negative increment, and the constant current source charging circuit provided cut-off signals, cut off the speed charging current, provide a tiny drop electric current that battery is proceeded the tiny drop charging simultaneously.

The utility model has the advantages that circuit structure is succinct, switch owing to realized mould change soon, functionalization, non-relay circuit, thereby components and parts are significantly reduced that reliability improves greatly, whole machine installation is convenient, need not debug.Applicable to the nickel-cadmium cell on portable phone usefulness, video camera usefulness, military civilian intercom, electric tool and the household electrical appliance of various capacity is carried out quick charge, the nickel-cadmium cell of charging is 5 to 6 joints.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples structure of the present utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a circuit structure block diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the utility model charging curve schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is the utility model motherboard circuit diagram.

Fig. 4 is the utility model mould fast-circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is the utility model electric power incoming line and display circuit schematic diagram.

Comprise constant current source charging circuit (C) by accompanying drawing structure of the present utility model as can be known, pulse control circuit (P), discharge circuit (R) and negative voltage increment control circuit (F), constant current source charging circuit (C) is behind automobile storage battery (D) or pressurizer (A) acquisition power supply, can provide the constant charging circuit of three kinds of sizes (to fill 1.1A soon to being recharged pond group (B), trickle charge 0.6A, tiny drop is filled 60mA), before charging, discharge circuit (R) discharges to the residual voltage of battery pack (B), simultaneously the constant current source charging circuit is automatically shut down, discharge circuit (R) is put cell voltage to cut-ff voltage, automatic end discharge condition is also filled source charging circuit (C) with perseverance and is opened, begin battery pack is carried out the recurrent pulses charging, thereby realize that non-relay automaticallyes switch, quick charge is controlled by pulse control circuit (P), when cell voltage surpasses peak value the negative voltage increment appears (as accompanying drawing, charging curve-△ V), the negative voltage control circuit detects the negative voltage increment, and constant current source charging circuit (C) provided cut-off signals, cut off the speed charging current and pass through IC simultaneously ₁And R ₁₃Provide a tiny drop electric current that battery is proceeded the tiny drop charging.

Constant-current source circuit (C) is by the adjustable integrated regulator IC of three ends ₁, resistance R ₁₃, R ₁₄, R ₁₅Form IC ₁The constant current of output is by resistance R ₁₃, R ₁₄, R ₁₅Decision, wherein R ₁₃Decision IC ₁Output tiny drop electric current, R ₁₄And R ₁₅Decision fast and slow charge electric current.

Pulse current charge control circuit (P) is by integrated circuit LM358/U ₂, R ₅, R ₇, R ₈, C ₄, R ₂₀, D ₂, D ₃, R ₂₁, R ₉, R ₆, T ₃, R ₁, T ₁, R ₁₆, T ₆Form integrated circuit LM358/U ₂With resistance R ₅, R ₇, R ₈Constitute hysteresis loop comparator, this hysteresis loop comparator by modular circuit 11 pin and 12 pin with by C ₄, R ₂₀, D ₂, D ₃, R ₂₁The RC feedback network of forming links to each other, and has constituted the rectangle wave generation circuit with certain duty ratio and can produce frequency of oscillation and be about 6.5 * 10 ^-2Hz, duty ratio is about 0.9 square wave.By LM358/U ₂The square wave of output is through R ₉Be added to anti-phase triode T ₃Base stage, so from T ₃Collector electrode output be through R through this signal of square-wave signal after anti-phase ₁Add to T ₁Base stage, make T ₁Periodically conducting, end T ₁Conducting, pick-off signal through mould fast-circuit 2 pin, resistance R ₁₆Flow to T ₆, make T ₆Also synchronously periodically conducting with end, thereby make constant current source charging circuit (C) provide constant fast and slow charge electric current to battery in the mode of pulse.

Discharge circuit (R) comprises discharge latching circuit and discharge-charging non-relay automatic switch-over circuit two parts, and the discharge latching circuit is by T ₇, R ₂₆, R ₁₂, R ₁₁, R ₂₅, LED ₂, R ₁₀, C ₁, T ₅, R ₂₄, Z ₂Form, discharge-charging non-relay automatic switch-over circuit is by D ₄, R ₂₂, R ₂₃, T ₂, T ₄, R ₁, T ₆, R ₁₆, R ₂, R ₃, C ₂, C ₃, D ₁, LM358/U ₁, R ₁₇, Z ₁, R ₁₈, R ₁₉Form.For eliminating " memory effect " of battery, before charging, the residual voltage of battery can be bled off through the discharge latching circuit.Switch SW ₂T when not closing ₇End, work as switch SW ₂After closing, R ₁₂Through mould fast-circuit 16 pin, switch SW ₂With " " connect, thereby triode T ₇By mould fast-circuit 15 pin, R ₁₁, R ₁₂Obtain base current and conducting, battery is through P ₁, P ₂Interface, T ₇And R ₂₆Discharge, wherein R ₂₆Be high power discharge resistance, meanwhile LED ₂Pass through R ₂₅Lighted, expression is in discharge condition.In switch SW ₂If the moment of closing is P ₁, P ₂The terminal voltage of interface is not less than cut-ff voltage (0.9 volt/every joint), then voltage stabilizing didoe Z ₂Breakdown, T ₅Via R ₁₀, mould fast-circuit 14 pin, T ₇Chi Chu obtains base voltage and conducting from discharge, even if decontrol SW this moment ₂, because T ₅Conducting, give T ₇Base voltage is provided, and has made T ₇Inevitable conducting, thus realize auto-lock function.When circuit discharging during to the cut-ff voltage of battery, voltage stabilizing didoe Z ₂Breakdown conditions finish voltage stabilizing didoe Z nearly ₂Dynamic electric resistor begin to strengthen, make R ₂₄On pressure drop begin to reduce, through module 14 pin, R ₁₀, T ₅The cut-in voltage of base stage is less than 0.7 volt, T ₅End, be directed at T ₇End, discharge process finishes.Cut-ff voltage can be by Z ₂And R ₂₄Regulate.

Discharge process at the beginning, diode D ₄Conducting, cell voltage is through T ₇, D ₄Add to R respectively ₂₂And R ₂₃, T ₂, T ₄Respectively through modular circuit 3 pin, 13 pin, R ₂₂, R ₂₃Obtain base voltage, if this moment jack J _AOn DC power supply input is arranged, T then ₂And T ₄Conducting, T ₂Continuity signal be added to 6 pin via modular circuit 4 pin and make C ₂Through T ₂Discharge over the ground, T ₄Continuity signal through R ₁Add to base stage, make T ₁End, and then make T ₆End, constant-current circuit turn-offs, thereby has guaranteed that constant-current source circuit can not carry out large current charge to battery when battery discharge.This moment is because C ₂The drops that powers on is near zero, and C ₃On electric charge discharge off path (J _AThere are direct current input, L in the place ₁With L ₂At J _AThe place disconnects), so cause C ₃On voltage greater than C ₂Voltage, thereby cause comparator LM358/U ₁Output become electronegative potential by high level, blocked by LM358/U ₂The pulse signal of output, LED ₁Extinguish.T meanwhile ₁End, thereby guarantee T ₆End.

When battery discharge during to cut-ff voltage, T ₂, D ₄, T ₇End capacitor C ₂On voltage rapidly greater than capacitor C ₃On voltage (R ₂＜＜R ₁₈, R ₂＜＜R ₁₉), comparator LM358/U ₁Upset output high level is through R ₆, R ₁Add to T ₁Base stage is given T ₁Conducting provide condition, T simultaneously ₃Collector electrode on obtain forward voltage, thereby removed the blockade of pulse signals, though T at this moment ₄Collector electrode also obtain forward voltage, but because of D ₄By event T ₄Also end.T like this ₁And T ₆Will be with the effect of pulse signal periodically conducting and ending, thereby make constant-current source circuit begin to charge to battery periodically to open the mode of turn-offing, LED meanwhile ₁Light, represent that a charging process begins.

Negative voltage increment control circuit is by R ₂, R ₃, C ₂, D ₁, Z ₁, LM358/U ₁, R ₁₇, R ₁₈, R ₁₉, C ₃Form.A voltage peak can occur when battery is full of, voltage peak cell voltage later begins to fall capacitor C after rise ₂On voltage also begin to descend, drop to gradually and equal C ₃On voltage, comparator LM358/U ₁Upset, the output electronegative potential, and then make T ₁, T ₆End, constant-current source circuit stops to battery charge, by IC ₁And R ₁₃Provide a tiny drop electric current that battery is proceeded the tiny drop charging.Suitably select R ₁₇, R ₁₈Negative voltage increment in the time of can under the situation of fast and slow charge battery being full of is less than 120mv, with regard to 6 joint nickel-cadmium cell groups.Because R ₂, R ₃, C ₂C in the integrating circuit ₂Effect, make when constant-current source is periodically of short duration to be stopped filling to battery comparator LM358/U ₁Input terminal voltage still keep current potential constant basically, promptly can not turn-off charger, in addition, by Z ₁, R ₁₇, R ₁₈, R ₁₉, C ₃The circuit characteristic that the change resistance integrating circuit of forming makes transient process and steady-state process has obtained better correction than the integrating circuit characteristic of being made up of pure resistance electric capacity.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of novel nickel-cadmium cell quick charger, it is characterized in that its structure comprises constant current source charging circuit (C), pulse control circuit (D), discharge circuit (R) and negative voltage increment control circuit (F), discharge circuit (R) discharges to the residual voltage that is recharged battery (B), simultaneously constant current source charging road (C) automatically shut down, after cell voltage is discharged to the pressure of disconnecting, automatically finish discharge condition and constant current source charging circuit (C) is opened, begin battery (B) is carried out periodically pulse current charge, charge at a slow speed soon and control by pulse control circuit (P), the negative voltage increment appears when cell voltage surpasses peak value, negative voltage control circuit (F) detects negative increment, and constant current source charging circuit (C) provided cut-off signals, cutting off the speed charging current provides a tiny drop electric current that battery (B) is proceeded the tiny drop charging simultaneously.

2, novel nickel-cadmium cell quick charger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that constant current source charging circuit (C) is by the adjustable integrated regulator (IC of three ends ₁), resistance (R ₁₃), (R ₁₄), (R ₁₅) form.

3, novel nickel-cadmium cell quick charger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that pulse current charge control circuit (P) is by integrated circuit LM358/U ₂, resistance (R ₁), (R ₅), (R ₆), (R ₇), (R ₈), (R ₉), (R ₁₆), (R ₂₀), (R ₂₁), diode (D ₂), (D ₃), electric capacity (C ₄), triode (T ₁), (T ₆) form.

4, novel nickel-cadmium cell quick charger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that discharge circuit comprises by resistance (R ₁₀), (R ₁₁), (R ₁₂), (R ₂₄), (R ₂₅), (R ₂₆), electric capacity (C ₁), triode (T ₅), (T ₇), voltage stabilizing didoe (Z ₂), light-emitting diode (LED ₂) the discharge latching circuit formed and by resistance (R ₁), (R ₂), (R ₃), (R ₁₆), (R ₁₇), (R ₁₈), (R ₁₉), (R ₂₂), (R ₂₃), electric capacity (C ₂), (C ₃), diode (D ₁), (D ₄), voltage stabilizing didoe (Z ₁), triode (T ₂), (T ₄), (T ₆) comparator LM358/U ₁Discharge-charging non-relay automatic switch-over circuit of forming.

5, novel nickel-cadmium cell quick charger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that negative voltage increment control circuit is by resistance (R ₂), (R ₃), (R ₁₇), (R ₁₈), (R ₁₉), electric capacity (C ₂), (C ₃) diode (D ₁), comparator LM358/U ₁, voltage stabilizing didoe (Z ₁) form.

6, novel nickel-cadmium cell quick charger as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that resistance (R in the negative voltage increment control circuit ₁₇), (R ₁₈), (R ₁₉), electric capacity (C ₃), voltage stabilizing didoe (Z ₁) form to become and hinder integrating circuit.

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