CN218277883U - Straw fine crushing double-row fixed cutter returning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A straw fine-crushing double-row fixed-cutter returning machine, belonging to agricultural machinery; the lower end face of a seat plate is fixedly provided with a linear track, a rear fixed cutter plate is hung on the linear track, a plurality of fixed cutters are fixedly arranged on the rear fixed cutter plate, the upper end face of the seat plate is fixedly provided with two screw rod supports and a motor seat, a screw rod support is arranged on the two screw rod supports, an electric motor is arranged on the motor seat, a coupling connects the electric motor with the screw rod, a hand wheel is fixedly arranged on the screw rod, a stroke limit switch is arranged on the screw rod support, an adjusting driving slide block is sleeved on the screw rod, a stroke limit rod and a stroke pointer are assembled on the adjusting driving slide block, the upper end face of the seat plate is provided with a stroke dimension scale line, and the lower end face of the adjusting driving slide block is fixedly arranged with the rear fixed cutter plate; the cooperation of the double stationary knife of configuration around this machine adopted and straw fine-crushing rotor has realized the fine-crushing operation requirement of straw, and novel structure, unique, reasonable, straw crushing high quality adapts to the straw ability reinforce, adjusts the operation simple and easy convenience.

Description

Straw fine crushing double-row fixed cutter returning machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a straw crushing and returning machine.

Background

In recent years, with the development of comprehensive utilization technology of crop straws, mechanized straw returning has become one of the main modes of straw treatment and utilization in China. At present, most of straw returning machines used in the agricultural machinery market in China are of a horizontal double-shaft structure, namely, a straw rough crushing cutter roller of a front shaft and a straw fine crushing cutter roller of a throwing cutter roller and a rear shaft are matched with each other to complete the so-called fine straw crushing operation in a high-speed rotating mode through the straw fine crushing cutter roller and a row of unadjustable fixed cutters. However, in the practice of many years of operation and use, the difference of the difficulty degree of crushing is large due to the different water content of the straws, the working applicability and crushing quality of the existing machine type are poor, the lengths of the crushed straws are uneven, the longer straws cannot be covered by soil in the subsequent field returning working links such as turning, burying, crushing, mixing and the like, the exposed straws are more and are not easy to rot, the technical requirement of the so-called fine crushing operation cannot be met, and the rotation seeding operation quality is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and the double-row fixed-cutter field returning machine for finely crushing straws is researched and designed by combining the actual high-standard technical requirements on straw crushing field returning operation at present, so that the aims of strong operation applicability, good straw finely crushing effect and high-standard and high-quality field conditions for sowing operation are fulfilled.

The double-row fixed cutter returning machine for finely crushing straws comprises a frame, wherein a power transmission box and a three-point suspension bracket are fixedly arranged on the front side part of the upper end in the middle of the frame respectively, a straw coarse crushing and throwing cutter roller and a straw fine crushing cutter roller are arranged on the lower side part of the frame in parallel from front to back and are rotatably and sequentially arranged, the power transmission box is respectively connected with the straw coarse crushing and throwing cutter roller and the straw fine crushing cutter roller through a power transmission system, a seat plate is fixedly arranged on the lower part of the rear side of the frame and positioned above the straw fine crushing cutter roller, the front fixed cutter plate is transversely arranged and fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the seat plate, a plurality of front fixed cutters are transversely and sequentially and uniformly distributed on the front fixed cutter plate, and the front fixed cutters and cutter teeth of the straw fine crushing cutter roller are in axial interval staggered, radial insertion and overlapping matching; two linear tracks are transversely and mutually parallel and fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the seat plate and positioned at the rear side part of the front fixed cutter plate, the rear fixed cutter plate can be transversely and reciprocally movably hung and arranged on the lower parts of the two linear tracks, a plurality of rear fixed cutters are transversely and sequentially and uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged on the rear fixed cutter plate, the rear fixed cutters and the front fixed cutters are transversely arranged in a staggered mode at intervals, and the rear fixed cutters and cutter teeth of the straw fine grinding cutter roller are axially staggered at intervals and are radially inserted and overlapped; the upper end face of the seat plate is transversely and sequentially provided with two screw rod supports and a motor seat which are coaxial, the two screw rod supports are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially and rotatably supported and provided with screw rods, the electric motor is arranged on the motor seat, two ends of a coupler are respectively connected with a motor shaft of the electric motor and the inner end head of each screw rod, a hand wheel is fixedly arranged on the outer end head of each screw rod, travel limit switches are respectively arranged on the same-direction side parts of the two screw rod supports, an adjusting and driving sliding block is connected with a threaded hole and sleeved on each screw rod in an axially movable mode, a travel limit rod and a travel pointer are assembled on the adjusting and driving sliding block, the travel limit rod is in contact with or separated from the travel limit switches, travel dimension scale marks are arranged on the upper end face of the seat plate, the travel pointer is matched with the travel dimension scale marks, the lower side part of the adjusting and driving sliding block is positioned in a transverse rectangular long hole in the seat plate, and the lower end of the adjusting and driving sliding block is fixedly arranged with a rear fixed cutter plate.

The straw fine crushing cutter roller adopts the matching of the double rows of fixed cutters arranged in the front and back and the straw fine crushing cutter roller, and the fixed cutters in one row can also transversely move to adjust the axial distance between the fixed cutters and the cutter teeth of the straw fine crushing cutter roller, so that the requirement of straw fine crushing operation is met, the adaptability to straws is improved, and the straw fine crushing cutter roller has the characteristics of novel, unique and reasonable structure, good straw fine crushing quality, high operation efficiency, strong straw adaptability, simplicity and convenience in adjustment operation, high adjustment precision and capability of providing high-standard field conditions for subsequent sowing operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a straw fine-crushing double-row fixed-blade returning machine.

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged three-dimensional schematic view of the portion B in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the adjusting driving slide block.

Description of part numbers in the figures:

1. the device comprises a rack, 2, a power transmission case, 3, a three-point suspension bracket, 4, a straw rough grinding and throwing knife roll, 5, a straw fine grinding knife roll, 6, a front fixed knife, 7, a rear fixed knife, 8, a front fixed knife plate, 9, a linear track, 10, a hand wheel, 11, a seat plate, 12, a rear fixed knife plate, 13, a screw support, 14, a screw, 15, an adjusting and driving slide block, 16, a coupler, 17, a motor seat, 18, an electric motor, 19, a stroke limiting rod, 20, a stroke limiting switch, 21 and a stroke pointer.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the inventive embodiments is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. A straw fine crushing double-row fixed cutter returning machine comprises a frame 1, wherein a power transmission case 2 and a three-point suspension bracket 3 are fixedly installed on the front side part of the upper end of the middle of the frame 1 respectively, a straw coarse crushing and throwing cutter roller 4 and a straw fine crushing cutter roller 5 are arranged on the lower side part of the frame 1 in a mutually parallel and rotatable mode from front to back in sequence, the power transmission case 2 is connected with the straw coarse crushing and throwing cutter roller 4 and the straw fine crushing cutter roller 5 respectively through a power transmission system, a seat plate 11 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the rear side of the frame 1 and above the straw fine crushing cutter roller 5, a front fixed cutter plate 8 is transversely arranged and fixedly installed on the lower end face of the seat plate 11, a plurality of front fixed cutters 6 are transversely and uniformly distributed and fixedly installed on the front fixed cutter plate 8 in sequence, and the front fixed cutters 6 and cutter teeth of the straw fine crushing cutter roller 5 are in an axial interval staggered mode and are radially inserted and overlapped; two linear tracks 9 are transversely and mutually parallel and fixedly arranged at the rear side part of a front fixed cutter plate 8 on the lower end surface of the seat plate 11, a rear fixed cutter plate 12 can be transversely and reciprocally suspended and arranged at the lower parts of the two linear tracks 9, a plurality of rear fixed cutters 7 are transversely and sequentially and uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged on the rear fixed cutter plate 12, the rear fixed cutters 7 and the front fixed cutters 6 are transversely arranged in a staggered manner at intervals, and the rear fixed cutters 7 and the cutter teeth of the straw fine grinding cutter roller 5 are axially staggered at intervals and are radially inserted and overlapped; two lead screw supports 13 and a motor seat 17 are transversely and sequentially coaxially and fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the seat plate 11, the lead screws 14 are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially and rotatably supported on the two lead screw supports 13, the electric motors 18 are arranged on the motor seat 17, two ends of a coupler 16 are respectively connected with motor shafts of the electric motors 18 and the inner ends of the lead screws 14, hand wheels 10 are fixedly arranged on the outer ends of the lead screws 14, travel limit switches 20 are respectively arranged on the same-direction side portions of the two lead screw supports 13, an adjusting and driving slide block 15 is connected through threaded holes and is axially movably sleeved on the lead screws 14, a travel limit rod 19 and a travel pointer 21 are arranged on the adjusting and driving slide block 15, the travel limit rod 19 is in contact with or separated from the travel limit switches 20, a travel dimension scale mark is arranged on the upper end face of the seat plate 11, the travel pointer 21 is matched with the travel dimension scale mark, the lower side portion of the adjusting and driving slide block 15 is arranged in a transverse rectangular long hole in the seat plate 11, and the lower end of the adjusting and driving slide block 15 is fixedly arranged with the rear fixed cutter plate 12. The front and rear longitudinal side edges of the rear fixed cutter plate 12 are bent upwards, and the cross section of the rear fixed cutter plate is in a groove shape with outward-inclined side walls.

During operation, the machine is integrally connected to the rear side part of a traction tractor in a hanging mode through a three-point suspension frame 3, the rotating power of a power output shaft of the traction tractor drives a straw coarse crushing and throwing knife roller 4 and a straw fine crushing knife roller 5 to rotate clockwise through a power transmission box 2 respectively, the straw coarse crushing and throwing knife roller 4 throws straws to the rear straw fine crushing knife roller 5 after picking and impacting cutting type coarse crushing processing is carried out on the straws, and two times of shearing type crushing operation on the straws is completed under the sequential matching action of the straw fine crushing knife roller 5, a front fixed knife 6 and a rear fixed knife 7, so that the fine crushing processing on the straws is realized and achieved, and then the straws are thrown and returned to the field. When the transverse distance between the cutter teeth on the straw fine-crushing cutter roller 5 and the rear fixed cutter 7 on the rear fixed cutter plate 12 needs to be adjusted according to different water contents of straws and operation conditions, the screw 14 is driven to rotate on the two screw supports 13 by adopting the starting electric motor 18 or twisting the hand wheel 10 by hand, the rear fixed cutter 7 is driven to transversely move by adjusting the driving slide block 15 and the rear fixed cutter plate 12 in an axial movement manner, and the adjustment of the transverse distance between the rear fixed cutter 7 on the rear fixed cutter plate 12 and the cutter teeth on the straw fine-crushing cutter roller 5 is completed. The stroke pointer 21 is matched with the stroke size scale marks on the upper end face of the seat plate 11, so that the regulation and control precision can be accurately controlled. The stroke limiting rod 19 is matched with the stroke limiting switch 20, so that the stroke can be regulated and controlled within a safe and reliable range, and the occurrence of a cutter collision accident is avoided. The preceding, the back side of back stationary knife board 12 transversely are upwards bending form and not only improve and increased 12 bulk strength of back stationary knife board, play good water conservancy diversion effect to the straw simultaneously, reduce straw sliding resistance, have protect function to linear rail 9 moreover, avoid and reduce straw, dust impurity entering, guarantee that back stationary knife board 12 is smooth and easy, accurate reciprocal slip on linear rail 9, reduce sliding resistance.

Claims (2)

1. A straw fine crushing double-row fixed knife returning machine comprises a rack (1), wherein a power transmission box (2) and a three-point suspension bracket (3) are fixedly installed on the front side part of the middle upper end of the rack (1) respectively, a straw coarse crushing and throwing knife roller (4) and a straw fine crushing knife roller (5) are installed on the lower side part of the rack (1) in sequence in a mutually parallel mode from front to back in a rotatable mode, the power transmission box (2) is connected with the straw coarse crushing and throwing knife roller (4) and the straw fine crushing knife roller (5) through a power transmission system respectively, a plurality of front fixed knives (6) are fixedly and evenly distributed on the lower part of the rear side of the rack (1) and positioned above the straw fine crushing knife roller (5), the front fixed knives (8) are transversely arranged on the lower end face of the seat plate (11), a plurality of front fixed knives (6) are fixedly and sequentially and transversely and uniformly distributed on the front fixed knife plate (8), and the front fixed knives (6) are matched with knife teeth of the straw crushing knife roller (5) in a staggered mode in an axial interval mode, and are inserted in a radial mode; the method is characterized in that: two linear rails (9) are transversely and mutually parallel and fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the seat plate (11) and positioned at the rear side part of the front fixed cutter plate (8), the rear fixed cutter plate (12) can be transversely and reciprocally moved and is hung and arranged on the lower parts of the two linear rails (9), a plurality of rear fixed cutters (7) are transversely and sequentially and uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged on the rear fixed cutter plate (12), the rear fixed cutters (7) and the front fixed cutters (6) are transversely arranged at intervals in a staggered manner, and the rear fixed cutters (7) and cutter teeth of the straw fine grinding cutter roller (5) are axially staggered at intervals and are radially inserted and overlapped; the adjustable cutting tool is characterized in that two lead screw supports (13) and a motor seat (17) are fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the seat plate (11) in a transverse and coaxial mode in sequence, a lead screw (14) is radially and axially positioned and circumferentially and rotatably supported on the two lead screw supports (13), an electric motor (18) is arranged on the motor seat (17), two ends of a coupler (16) are respectively connected with a motor shaft of the electric motor (18) and the inner end head of the lead screw (14), a hand wheel (10) is fixedly arranged on the outer end head of the lead screw (14), travel limit switches (20) are respectively arranged on the same-direction side portions of the two lead screw supports (13), an adjusting driving slide block (15) is connected with a threaded hole and can be axially movably sleeved on the lead screw (14), a travel limit rod (19) and a travel pointer (21) are arranged on the adjusting driving slide block (15), the travel limit rod (19) is in contact with or out of contact with the travel limit switches (20), a travel dimension scale line is arranged on the upper end face of the seat plate (11), the travel dimension scale line (21) is matched with the travel dimension scale line, the lower end of the adjusting slide block (15) is fixedly arranged in a rectangular hole, and a rectangular cutter fixing plate (12) is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the adjusting drive slide block (15).

2. The straw fine grinding double-row fixed-blade returning machine as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the longitudinal front and rear side edges of the rear fixed cutter plate (12) are bent upwards, and the cross section of the rear fixed cutter plate is in a groove shape with outward-inclined side walls.

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