CN218160820U - Decoupling array antenna - Google Patents
Decoupling array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN218160820U CN218160820U CN202222161681.2U CN202222161681U CN218160820U CN 218160820 U CN218160820 U CN 218160820U CN 202222161681 U CN202222161681 U CN 202222161681U CN 218160820 U CN218160820 U CN 218160820U
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Abstract
The utility model is suitable for an antenna field discloses decoupling array antenna, including antenna element, the metal reflecting plate, feed network and decoupling structure, antenna element is provided with a plurality ofly, every antenna element all includes first dielectric substrate, first radiating element, the second radiating element, first feed unit, second feed unit and metal floor, decoupling structure includes second dielectric substrate and sets up the radiation paster subassembly on second dielectric substrate, radiation paster subassembly be used for with first radiating element with the second radiating element coupling is with the electromagnetic wave of reflection and transmission part, consequently, the electromagnetic wave that the unit of antenna element and its adjacent position was launched can be influenced in the setting of radiation paster subassembly to this plays the effect that reduces the interval between the antenna element, and this decoupling structure design benefit, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, the practicality is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an antenna field especially relates to a decoupling array antenna.
Background
With the increasing density of network deployment, mobile communication has basically achieved continuous coverage of signal wide area. However, it is difficult for macro cells to meet the requirements of high data transmission rate and large system capacity due to the limitations of the operating frequency band and coverage area. The 5.9G frequency band has wide bandwidth, large capacity, good propagation characteristic and small antenna size, and is very suitable for local high-speed data service with dense users. The antenna in the frequency band needs to have the characteristics of wide bandwidth, high gain, wide horizontal lobe and the like.
For the existing communication technology, the mimo technology has the advantages of large data capacity and high speed, and is well favored by people. However, with the rapid development of the intelligent mobile terminal, the number of the antennas is more and more, and the coupling between the antennas seriously affects the overall performance of the communication system. Therefore, how to reduce self-coupling between antennas has been widely studied.
In the current research, there are two methods for achieving decoupling, the first is to block the coupling between the antennas by using electromagnetic bandgap structures, which include defected ground structures, metamaterial structures, etc. The second is to introduce additional components or circuits to generate the rf signal to cancel the coupling between the antennas. However, the first method has a narrow decoupling bandwidth and a complicated structure. The second method is complex in design and not practical in a multi-antenna system.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a decoupling array antenna, it aims at solving the narrower and complicated structure of current antenna decoupling method bandwidth or design complicacy, the not strong technical problem of practicality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a scheme is:
a decoupling array antenna comprises antenna units, a metal reflecting plate, a feed network and a decoupling structure, wherein the antenna units are provided in a plurality, each antenna unit comprises a first dielectric substrate, a first radiating unit, a second radiating unit, a first feed unit, a second feed unit and a metal floor, the metal floor is arranged on the front surface of the metal reflecting plate, the feed network is arranged on the back surface of the metal reflecting plate, the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit are arranged on the first dielectric substrate, the first radiating unit is electrically connected with the metal floor, the first radiating unit is connected with the feed network through the first feed unit, the second radiating unit is electrically connected with the metal floor, the second radiating unit is connected with the feed network through the second feed unit, the decoupling structure comprises a second dielectric substrate and radiating patch components arranged on the second dielectric substrate, the number of the radiating patch components is consistent with that of the antenna units, and the radiating patch components are used for being coupled with the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit to reflect and emit a part of electromagnetic waves.
Preferably, first radiating element is including all setting up first radiation paster and second radiation paster on the first dielectric substrate, the second radiating element is including all setting up third radiation paster and fourth radiation paster on the first dielectric substrate, first radiation paster passes through first feed unit with feed network connection, the second radiation paster with metal floor electric connection, the third radiation paster passes through second feed unit with feed network connection, the fourth radiation paster with metal floor electric connection, first radiation paster with the second radiation paster constitutes the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the third radiation paster with the fourth radiation paster constitutes the magnetoelectric dipole antenna.
Preferably, the radiation patch assembly includes four fifth radiation patches, and the four fifth radiation patches are respectively disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the first radiation patch, the second radiation patch, the third radiation patch, and the fourth radiation patch.
Preferably, the fifth radiation patches are arranged in a square shape, and four of the fifth radiation patches are combined to form a shape of a Chinese character 'tian'.
Preferably, the fifth radiation patches are arranged in a diamond shape, an annular groove is formed in the center of each fifth radiation patch, the four fifth radiation patches are arranged in an axial symmetry manner, and the distances between every two fifth radiation patches are equal.
Preferably, each of the antenna units further includes a first metal support and a second metal support, the second radiation patch is connected to the metal floor through the first metal support, and the fourth radiation patch is connected to the metal floor through the second metal support.
Preferably, each of the antenna units further includes a metal wall, the metal wall includes a plurality of metal side plates surrounding an edge of the metal ground plate, the plurality of metal side plates are all in contact with the first dielectric substrate, the plurality of metal side plates form a metal resonant cavity, and each of the metal side plates is provided with a slot.
Preferably, the metal side plate is arranged in a concave shape.
Preferably, the first feeding unit includes a first feeding point and a first feeding conductor, the first feeding point is disposed on the first radiation patch, the first feeding conductor is connected to the first feeding point and the feeding network, respectively, a shielding line of the first feeding conductor is connected to the second radiation patch, the second feeding unit includes a second feeding point and a second feeding conductor, the second feeding point is disposed on the third radiation patch, the second feeding conductor is connected to the second feeding point and the feeding network, respectively, and a shielding line of the second feeding conductor is connected to the fourth radiation patch.
Preferably, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are both F4B plates, and the metal reflector plate is an aluminum plate.
The utility model provides a decoupling array antenna is provided with decoupling structure, decoupling structure includes second medium base plate and the radiation patch subassembly of setting on second medium base plate, reflect and launch partly electromagnetic wave through the coupling between radiation patch subassembly and first radiating element and the second radiating element, thereby can influence the electromagnetic wave that the unit transmission of antenna element and its adjacent position came out, play the effect that reduces the interval between the antenna element with this, and this decoupling structure design benefit, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, therefore, the clothes hanger is strong in practicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a decoupling array antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a second schematic structural diagram of a decoupling array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a decoupling structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the reflection coefficient S of an array antenna without a decoupling structure 11 Reflection coefficient S 22 And degree of isolation S 12 A parameter map;
FIG. 7 shows the present embodimentReflection coefficient S of array antenna with first decoupling structure provided by novel embodiment 11 Reflection coefficient S 22 And degree of isolation S 12 A parameter map;
fig. 8 shows reflection coefficients S of three types of array antennas with a second decoupling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention 11 Reflection coefficient S 22 And degree of isolation S 12 A parameter map;
fig. 9 is a gain comparison diagram of three types of antenna structures without a decoupling structure, a first decoupling structure, and a second decoupling structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10, fig. 11 and fig. 12 are two-dimensional directional diagrams of three types of antenna structures without decoupling structure, first decoupling structure and second decoupling structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13, 14 and 15 are three-dimensional directional diagrams of three types of antenna structures without decoupling structure, the first decoupling structure and the second decoupling structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
10. an antenna unit; 11. a first dielectric substrate; 12. a first radiation unit; 121. a first radiating patch; 122. a second radiating patch; 13. a second radiation unit; 131. a third radiating patch; 132. a fourth radiation patch; 14. a first feeding unit; 141. a first feeding point; 142. a first feed conductor; 15. a second feeding unit; 151. a second feeding point; 152. a second feed conductor; 16. a first metal support; 17. a second metal support; 18. a metal floor; 19. a metal wall; 191. a metal side plate; 192. grooving; 20. a metal reflective plate; 30. a decoupling structure; 31. a second dielectric substrate; 32. a fifth radiating patch; 321. an annular groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, 8230; \8230;) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
It will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit ly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, which are decoupling array antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a decoupling array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna unit 10, a metal reflection plate 20, a feeding network (not shown), and a decoupling structure 30, where the antenna unit 10 is provided in plural, each antenna unit 10 includes a first dielectric substrate 11, a first radiation unit 12, a second radiation unit 13, a first feed unit 14, a second feed unit 15, and a metal floor 18, the metal floor 18 is disposed on a front surface of the metal reflection plate 20, the feeding network is disposed on a back surface of the metal reflection plate 20, the first radiation unit 12 and the second radiation unit 13 are disposed on the first dielectric substrate 11, the first radiation unit 12 is electrically connected to the metal floor 18, the first radiation unit 12 is electrically connected to the feeding network through the first feed unit 14, the second radiation unit 13 is electrically connected to the metal floor 18, the second radiation unit 13 is connected to the feeding network through the second feed unit 15, the decoupling structure 30 includes a second dielectric substrate 31 and a radiation patch assembly 31 disposed on the second dielectric substrate, the number of the radiation patch assemblies is consistent with the number of the first radiation patch assembly 31, and the radiation patch assembly is used for electromagnetic wave transmission.
Optionally, the first dielectric substrate 11 is made of an F4B plate; the first dielectric substrate 11 is made of an F4B plate; the metal reflection plate 20 is an aluminum plate.
In the present embodiment, 16 antenna units 10 are provided, and form a 1 × 16 array antenna.
It can be understood that the decoupling structure 30 is located right above the first radiating unit 12 and the second radiating unit 13, and receives partial energy of the radiating units through electromagnetic coupling transmission, so as to generate weak induced electromagnetic wave signals, the direction of the induced current is opposite to the current component of the cross-polarized electromagnetic wave, so as to cancel part of the cross-polarized component, and improve the isolation between polarizations of the radiating units and the cross-polarization ratio, and in addition, after the induced current is transmitted over a certain spatial distance, the electromagnetic waves emitted by adjacent units of the radiating units are cancelled to improve the mutual coupling effect between antennas. Therefore, the decoupling structure 30 can effectively improve the mutual coupling relationship of the array antenna, and improve the indexes such as isolation between units and beam width.
The decoupling array antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model is provided with a decoupling structure 30, the decoupling structure 30 comprises a second medium substrate 31 and a radiation patch component arranged on the second medium substrate 31, and a part of electromagnetic waves are reflected and transmitted through coupling between the radiation patch component and the first radiation unit 12 and the second radiation unit 13, so that the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the antenna unit 10 and the units adjacent to the antenna unit 10 are influenced, and the effect of reducing the distance between the antenna units 10 is achieved; and the decoupling structure 30 has the advantages of ingenious design, simple structure and strong practicability.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, for example, in some embodiments, the first radiation unit 12 includes a first radiation patch 121 and a second radiation patch 122 both disposed on the first dielectric substrate 11, the second radiation unit 13 includes a third radiation patch 131 and a fourth radiation patch 132 both disposed on the first dielectric substrate 11, the first radiation patch 121 is connected to the feed network through the first feed unit 14, the second radiation patch 122 is electrically connected to the metal floor 18, the third radiation patch 131 is connected to the feed network through the second feed unit 15, and the fourth radiation patch 132 is electrically connected to the metal floor 18; the first radiation patch 121 and the second radiation patch 122 constitute a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, and the third radiation patch 131 and the fourth radiation patch 132 constitute a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, so that the antenna unit 10 has the performance of wide beam width and high isolation in the working frequency band.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, for example, in some embodiments, the radiation patch assembly includes four fifth radiation patches 32, the four fifth radiation patches 32 are respectively disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the first radiation patch 121, the second radiation patch 122, the third radiation patch 131, and the fourth radiation patch 132, and the coupling effect between the decoupling structure 30 and the first radiation unit 12 and the second radiation unit 13 can be improved by disposing the fifth radiation patches 32 in a number corresponding to the number of the radiation patches of the radiation unit.
Referring now to fig. 1-3 with emphasis, illustratively, in some embodiments, a first type of decoupling structure is employed, as follows: the fifth radiation patches 32 are arranged in a square shape, and the four fifth radiation patches 32 are combined to form a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', namely, the four fifth radiation patches 32 are arranged in an axisymmetric manner, the distances between every two fifth radiation patches are equal, and the radiation elements of the antenna unit 10 under the shape can be better attached.
Referring now more particularly to fig. 4, in some embodiments, a second type of decoupling structure is used, illustratively as follows: the fifth radiation patches 32 are arranged in a diamond shape, the annular groove 321 is formed in the center of the fifth radiation patches 32, the four fifth radiation patches 32 are formed in an axisymmetric manner, the distance between every two fifth radiation patches is equal, and the function of selectively reflecting the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna unit 10 is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1-3, for example, in some embodiments, the antenna unit 10 further includes a first metal supporting member 16 and a second metal supporting member 17, the second radiation patch 122 is connected to the metal floor 18 through the second metal supporting member 17, and the fourth radiation patch 132 is connected to the metal floor 18 through the second metal supporting member 17.
Optionally, the first metal support 16 and the second metal support 17 are metal copper cylinders, and the first radiation unit 12 and the second radiation unit 13 are connected to the metal floor 18 through the metal copper cylinders, so that the isolation between the two ports can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 6, for example, in some embodiments, each antenna unit 10 further includes a metal wall 19, the metal wall 19 includes a plurality of metal side plates 191 surrounding the edge of the metal floor 18, the plurality of metal side plates 191 form a metal resonant cavity, each metal side plate 191 is provided with a slot 192, and the plurality of metal side plates 191 are in contact with the first dielectric substrate 11; the antenna unit 10 can effectively improve the beam width of the unit by arranging the metal wall 19 on the peripheral sides of the first radiation unit 12 and the second radiation unit 13, and effectively increase the electrical length and effectively expand the impedance bandwidth by arranging the slot 192 on the metal side plate 191 of the metal wall 19, so that the bandwidth can meet the required working frequency band (5925-7125 MHz).
Alternatively, the slots 192 are U-shaped slots, i.e. the metal side plates 191 are arranged in a concave shape, so that the beam width of both ports is increased to more than 100 °.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, for example, in some embodiments, the first feeding unit 14 includes a first feeding point 141 and a first feeding conductor 142, the first feeding point 141 is disposed on the first radiating patch 121, the first feeding conductor 142 is connected to the first feeding point 141 and the feeding network, respectively, a shielding line of the first feeding conductor 142 is connected to the second radiating patch 122, the second feeding unit 15 includes a second feeding point 151 and a second feeding conductor 152, the second feeding point 151 is disposed on the third radiating patch 131, the second feeding conductor 152 is connected to the second feeding point 151 and the feeding network, respectively, and a shielding line of the second feeding conductor 152 is connected to the fourth radiating patch 132.
By providing a feed point at each pair of dipoles, a 0/90 ° dual polarization is formed.
Alternatively, the shield line of the first feed conductor 142 is connected to the second radiation patch 122 through a metal via and a microstrip line, and the shield line of the second feed conductor 152 is connected to the fourth radiation patch 132 through a metal via and a microstrip line.
The advantages of the decoupling array antenna of embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by some of the comparative figures below.
FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show the reflection coefficients S of three types of antenna structures without decoupling structure, the first type of decoupling structure and the second type of decoupling structure, respectively 11 Reflection coefficient S 22 And degree of isolation S 12 Fig. 9 is a gain comparison diagram of three types of antennas, fig. 10, 11 and 12 are two-dimensional directional diagrams of three types of antenna structures, and fig. 13, 14 and 15 are three-dimensional directional diagrams of three types of antenna structures. As can be seen from these figures, the decoupling structure 30 improves the bandwidth performance to some extent and makes the gain and pattern of the antenna better.
The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structure changes made by the contents of the specification and the drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A decoupling array antenna is characterized by comprising a plurality of antenna units, a metal reflecting plate, a feed network and a decoupling structure, wherein each antenna unit comprises a first dielectric substrate, a first radiating unit, a second radiating unit, a first feed unit, a second feed unit and a metal floor, the metal floor is arranged on the front surface of the metal reflecting plate, the feed network is arranged on the back surface of the metal reflecting plate, the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit are arranged on the first dielectric substrate, the first radiating unit is electrically connected with the metal floor, the first radiating unit is connected with the feed network through the first feed unit, the second radiating unit is electrically connected with the metal floor through the second feed unit, the decoupling structure comprises a second dielectric substrate and radiating patch assemblies arranged on the second dielectric substrate, the number of the radiating patch assemblies is consistent with that of the antenna units, and the radiating patch assemblies are used for being coupled with the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit to emit electromagnetic waves.
2. The decoupling array antenna of claim 1 wherein said first radiating element comprises a first radiating patch and a second radiating patch both disposed on said first dielectric substrate, said second radiating element comprises a third radiating patch and a fourth radiating patch both disposed on said first dielectric substrate, said first radiating patch is electrically connected to said feed network through said first feed element, said second radiating patch is electrically connected to said metal floor, said third radiating patch is electrically connected to said feed network through said second feed element, said fourth radiating patch is electrically connected to said metal floor, said first radiating patch and said second radiating patch constitute a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, and said third radiating patch and said fourth radiating patch constitute a magnetoelectric dipole antenna.
3. The decoupling array antenna of claim 2 wherein said radiating patch assembly comprises four fifth radiating patches, said four fifth radiating patches being disposed in one-to-one correspondence with said first radiating patch, said second radiating patch, said third radiating patch, and said fourth radiating patch, respectively.
4. The decoupling array antenna of claim 3 wherein said fifth radiating patches are arranged in a square, four of said fifth radiating patches combined to form a shape of a Chinese character 'tian'.
5. The decoupling array antenna of claim 3 wherein said fifth radiating patches are arranged in a diamond shape, an annular slot is formed in the center of said fifth radiating patch, four of said fifth radiating patches are arranged in an axisymmetric manner, and the distance between every two of said fifth radiating patches is equal.
6. The decoupling array antenna of claim 2 wherein said antenna elements each further comprise a first metal support and a second metal support, said second radiating patch being connected to said metal ground through said first metal support, said fourth radiating patch being connected to said metal ground through said second metal support.
7. The decoupling array antenna of claim 1 wherein each of said antenna elements further comprises a metal wall, said metal wall comprising a plurality of metal side plates disposed around an edge of a metal ground plate, each of said plurality of metal side plates being in contact with said first dielectric substrate, said plurality of metal side plates forming a metal resonant cavity, each of said metal side plates being provided with a slot.
8. The decoupling array antenna of claim 7 wherein said metal side plate is disposed in a zig-zag configuration.
9. The decoupling array antenna of claim 2 wherein said first feed element includes a first feed point and a first feed conductor, said first feed point being disposed on said first radiating patch, said first feed conductor being connected to said first feed point and said feed network, respectively, a shield wire of said first feed conductor being connected to said second radiating patch, said second feed element includes a second feed point and a second feed conductor, said second feed point being disposed on said third radiating patch, said second feed conductor being connected to said second feed point and said feed network, respectively, a shield wire of said second feed conductor being connected to said fourth radiating patch.
10. The decoupled array antenna of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are both F4B plates and the metal reflective plate is an aluminum plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222161681.2U CN218160820U (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Decoupling array antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222161681.2U CN218160820U (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Decoupling array antenna |
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| CN218160820U true CN218160820U (en) | 2022-12-27 |
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| CN202222161681.2U Active CN218160820U (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Decoupling array antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN218160820U (en) |
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